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AgendaAgenda
Overview Overview
Building Information ModelsBuilding Information Models
NIBS National BIM Standard Project Committee
November 2006This presentation is a collaborative product of the NIBS NBIMS Project Committee.
National Institute of Building SciencesNational Institute of Building Sciences
Facilities Information CouncilFacilities Information Council
National BIM StandardNational BIM Standard
National Institute of Building SciencesNational Institute of Building Sciences
Facilities Information CouncilFacilities Information Council
National BIM StandardNational BIM Standard
National Institute of
Building SciencesNational Building Information Model StandardNational Building Information Model Standard
Industry Foundation Classes Information Delivery Manuals and International Framework for Dictionaries
Based on and supporting
© NIBS 2006
BIM - What is it and why use it?BIM - What is it and why use it?
• A BIM is a lifecycle information collection point for a facility
• A BIM allows for the creation of facility information relationships
• A BIM is focused on saving resources (dollars, time and materials) during each phase of the facility life cycle
• The more mature the model the more usable it is – but any collected data is better that how we do business today
© NIBS 2006
Building Information Model DefinitionBuilding Information Model Definition
National BIM Standard Definition of BIM – buildingSMART
A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.
A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation founded on open standards for interoperability.
The National BIM Standard is part of the global buildingSMART Information Delivery Manual Initiative.
© NIBS 2006
ConceivePlan Desig
nBuild Operat
e
Renovate
Dis
pose
Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006
Bui
ldin
g is
a V
erb
Bui
ldin
g is
a V
erb
The building process is not linear…The building process is not linear…
Nati
on
al B
uild
ing
In
form
ati
on
M
od
el S
tan
dard
© NIBS 2006
ConceivePlan Desig
nBuild Operat
e
Renovate
Dis
pose
Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006
Information Exchanges
Know
led
ge
over
tim
e
Lear
n an
d Im
prov
eLe
arn
and
Impr
ove
Nati
on
al B
uild
ing
In
form
ati
on
M
od
el S
tan
dard
Each cycle should add knowledgeEach cycle should add knowledge
© NIBS 2006
ConceivePlan Desig
nBuild Operat
e
Renovate
Dis
pose
Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006
Information Exchanges
Know
led
ge
over
tim
e
Information Backbone
Inte
rope
rabi
lity
Inte
rope
rabi
lity
Nati
on
al B
uild
ing
In
form
ati
on
M
od
el S
tan
dard
Share and re-use information easilyShare and re-use information easily
© NIBS 2006
ConceivePlan Desig
nBuild Operat
e
Renovate
Dis
pose
Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006
Information Exchanges
Know
led
ge
over
tim
e
Information Backbone
Project Team
Vendor
Life
cycl
e In
form
atio
n Li
fecy
cle
Info
rmat
ion
Nati
on
al B
uild
ing
In
form
ati
on
M
od
el S
tan
dard
Projects create buildings + Projects create buildings + lots of informationlots of information
© NIBS 2006
What is Building Information Modeling [BIM]?What is Building Information Modeling [BIM]?
• 2D Lines and Text
• BIM• Virtual
Construction• 3D Visual • Coordinated
dataset• Interoperable
• Installation photo• Built to the model
• 3D Polygons
Building Is a Verb
Images courtesy FacilityGenetics, LLC and Ghafari Associates
Lifecycle KnowledgeReadily Exchanged
Real Objects
© NIBS 2006
How Does BIM Work?How Does BIM Work?
Cou
rte
sy:
Klin
g Accurate steel members
- Size, weight, performance, cost.
Accurate connections
Accurate 3D position
Simulation of
- Installation process & equipment requirements
- lighting
- structural performance
- etc.
Overlap with other 3D elements to identify collisions.
- Mech, elec, plbg,
- Walls, ceilings, FF&E
- Access for maint. & repair
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle KnowledgeReadily Exchanged
Real ObjectsLifelike Properties
For Example…
© NIBS 2006
How Does BIM Work?How Does BIM Work?
Cou
rtes
y:B
entle
y S
yste
ms,
Inc
.
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle KnowledgeReadily Exchanged
Data Commissioning for Facilities Operations & ManagementData Commissioning for Facilities Operations & Management
• Real Property• Space• Equipment• Utilities• Maint. Tasks• Instructions• Schedules• Cost • 3D Geometry• Employees
DATA
• Legal• Fiduciary• Store Ops• Bldg. Ops• Fac. Mgmt• Asset Mgmt
FUNCTION
CO
BIE
[ Construction to Operations Building Information Exchange ]
Real ObjectsLifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses
© NIBS 2006
How Does BIM Work?How Does BIM Work? All Stakeholders Participate All Stakeholders Participate
DesignerData
Owner / Occupier Data Environmentalist
Data
Specifier Data
FinancialData
LegalData
SustainersData
GeospatialData
BIMBIMBIMBIM
Courtesy of NIBS National Building Information Modeling Standards Committee
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle KnowledgeReadily Exchanged
Real ObjectsLifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses
© NIBS 2006
Influence vs Cost CurveInfluence vs Cost Curve
Eff
ort Typical
‘Value’ Engineering !
Strategy Design Construction Operation
25% 75%
Lif
ecyc
leco
st
Virtual Building DesignProposed Entry
Cost of C
hanges
Ability to Change
© NIBS 2006
Information Exchange LossesInformation Exchange Losses
Management support information Management support information should beshould be::• Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)• Managed uniformly in standard frameworkManaged uniformly in standard framework• Securely available 24x7Securely available 24x7
Management support information Management support information should beshould be::• Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)• Managed uniformly in standard frameworkManaged uniformly in standard framework• Securely available 24x7Securely available 24x7
Info
rmat
ion
Val
ue
Time
To-Be• Minimized data loss• Maximized information value
PlanningConstruction
Design
Operation
Value of Improvements
As-Is• Continuous data loss• Value of information reduced
© NIBS 2006
De
sig
n S
tag
e
Co
nc
ep
tion
Sta
ge
Pro
jec
t De
live
ry S
ele
ctio
n S
tag
e
Co
ns
truc
tion
Do
cu
me
nts
Sta
ge
Pro
cu
rem
en
t Sta
ge
Ex
ec
utio
n S
tag
e
UtilizationStage
ClosureStage
IAI “BuildingSMART” model supports lifecycle data
NotionalNotional BIM Project Savings Curve BIM Project Savings Curve
Optimized approach with virtual modeling and analysis with reduced change orders & delivery time and lower operating and sustainment costs
Typical approach failing to do routine maintenance and having to replace items earlier and more often
The yet untapped $avings
The savings we are currently experiencing with faster delivery and fewer change orders
Typical design/build approach with required maintenance
This is a draft – a team is working to put actual numbers to these notional curves
© NIBS 2006
Typical BIM BenefitsTypical BIM Benefits
• Better understanding of design concepts – shared understanding of issues
• More focus on value-added tasks• Faster cycle times• Reduced errors and omissions• Less waste: rework, materials, time• Fewer translation errors and losses• Increased site safety• Better estimates – cost and time
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle KnowledgeReadily Exchanged
Real ObjectsLifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses
© NIBS 2006
Graphisoft
Who Benefits From BIM ImplementationWho Benefits From BIM Implementation
Facility Information ViewsOwnersPlannersRealtorsAppraisersMortgage BankersDesignersEngineersCost & Quantity EstimatorsSpecifiersContracts & LawyersConstruction ContractorsSub-ContractorsFabricatorsCode OfficialsFacility ManagersMaintenance & SustainmentRenovation & RestorationDisposal & RecyclingScoping, Testing, SimulationSafety & Occupational HealthEnvironmental & NEPAPlant OperationsEnergy, LEEDSpace & SecurityNetwork ManagersCIO’sRisk ManagementOccupant SupportFirst Responders
Facility Information ViewsOwnersPlannersRealtorsAppraisersMortgage BankersDesignersEngineersCost & Quantity EstimatorsSpecifiersContracts & LawyersConstruction ContractorsSub-ContractorsFabricatorsCode OfficialsFacility ManagersMaintenance & SustainmentRenovation & RestorationDisposal & RecyclingScoping, Testing, SimulationSafety & Occupational HealthEnvironmental & NEPAPlant OperationsEnergy, LEEDSpace & SecurityNetwork ManagersCIO’sRisk ManagementOccupant SupportFirst Responders
BIMBIMBIMBIM
© NIBS 2006
Facility Data That Could Be Included in BIMFacility Data That Could Be Included in BIM
• Planning scenarios and site information
• Architectural program• Floor plans• Space functions• Classified areas, vaults etc.• Area calculations• Volume calculations• Engineering calculations• Specifications• Contract documents• Legal description• Change orders• Supporting documentation for
litigation• Shop drawings• Procurement documents• Progress photographs• Alarm diagrams• Warranty data
• Invoices• Purchase requests• Cost Estimates• Organizational occupants• Personnel lists• Seating plans• Handicap designation• Network diagrams• Hazardous materials• Operating manuals• Maintenance records• Inspection records• Electronic 3D model• Simulations• Continuation of operations plans• Disaster Recovery Plans• Contingency plans• Furniture inventory
© NIBS 2006
Hierarchical Information RelationshipsHierarchical Information RelationshipsIA
I-IFC
Usage
Space
Natural Asset
Linear Structure
Structure
Building
Facility / Built
Theatre / World
Sub-SystemsSystem
Level
Site
Real Property Asset
Country
State / Province
County
Installation / Region
Node
Segment
Room
Space
System
Level
Sub-Systems
Room
Water / Sea
Land / Parcel
Underground
Air / Space
Geospatial Information (GIS)
Geospatial Information (GIS)
Overlay
Overlay
Building information(Building Information Models)
Building information(Building Information Models)
Components
Components
City
© NIBS 2006
IFC objects, relationships, space
BUILDINGOr Structure
Sub-Systems(part of systems)
Level (Stories)
Attributes
Vertical
Room
Void
Business Groups
Financial Classifications
Assets
MetricsExampleFCA,MDI
ExampleRentable SpaceCirculation Area
ExampleFurniture
EquipmentPhone
Metrics
Attributes
Metrics
ZonesPersonnel
SYSTEMS –Ex. Structural, MEP, Flooring, Ceiling, Exterior, Walls
SPACE-Vertical Horizontal, Empty
OVERLAYS – Typically associated with building hierarchy elements.
ExampleSpace Assignment
Business Group
ExampleMarketing
Administration
Systems represent the physical entities of the building. Systems use NA classifications such as Omni-Class and Uniformat and are transported/exchanged via IFCs
Space is physical in nature, but can be unbounded (have no or cross physical boundaries) but it will always be tied to the physical structure or systems in some way
Overlays are more abstract data - organizational, operational, functional, financial, non-fixed assets, resources, personnel, etc. that is data tied to the Systems and Space
ExampleSecure Areas
Systems
MetricsExampleSUI,CI
AttributesStandards
Area
Volume
Gross
Net
Reports or Extracted Data from BIM
(examples from all classifications)
Sq. Ftg.
SurfaceUsable
Linear Ft.
Quantities
Metrics
Attributes
Components
Attributes
Metrics
Materials & Types
Hierarchical Building Information RelationshipsHierarchical Building Information Relationships
© NIBS 2006
The information exchange
Information ExchangesInformation Exchanges
Input BIM Output
Co
ntro
l
The product of the information exchange (i.e. The quantity and specification data used to purchase and deliver doors.
Existing information already in the BIM is used as input and information that is gleaned from the exchange is also stored in the model (i.e. Attributes about the doors purchased, size, material, cost, instructions, fire rating, etc.) NCS, IFC’s, OmniClass
The reason for the information exchange (i.e. Desire to buy doors)Report on Door Objects
More information is added to the building information model in its appropriate spatially related location
BIM
•Programmatic and Project Requirements or Constraints (LEED Silver requested by owner)•Normative standards by which data is collected or managed (Such as the IBC, NCS, IFC’s and OmniClass™)
© NIBS 2006
Use of Information Exchanges to Support BIMUse of Information Exchanges to Support BIM
• Requirement & Goal– Standardize on information
needed for specific tasks within the building lifecycle
– Development based upon open data standards used by all
– Provides requirements to software companies
• North America data standards– CSI, OMNICLASS, Uniformat– International Bldg Code– CIS/2 and other authorities
© NIBS 2006
Case Study – Letterman Digital Arts CenterCase Study – Letterman Digital Arts Center
• “Despite numerous design layout changes that were required by Lucas Film Ltd. due to company restructuring, the LDAC project was completed on time and below the estimated budget….over two hundred design and construction conflicts were identified, most of which were corrected before construction, resulting in an
estimated savings of over $10 million on this $350 million project.”
Courtesy of AECbytes "Building the Future" Article (September 30, 2006)
Building Owners Driving BIM: The "Letterman Digital Arts Center" StoryMieczyslaw (Mitch) Boryslawski, Associate AIA
Founder, View By View, Inc.
© NIBS 2006
Multiple Types of Analysis from the Same ModelMultiple Types of Analysis from the Same Model
Global V6 engine plant for General Motors – Flint, MI (Courtesy: GHAFARI Associates)
© NIBS 2006
USCG Integrated BIM/Mission Support ApproachUSCG Integrated BIM/Mission Support Approach
Identifying Mission Requirements…
…Using BIM, Web Services and IFC’s to Support Decisions andCost Effectively Plan for the Future…
…To Provide the Right Products to their Customers based on Mission Requirements
© NIBS 2006
Start with a “BIM Blob”
Add shape
Add additional information
End up with a mature BIM orobtain a complete BIM with
new construction
Philosophical changePhilosophical change in approachin approach
Subject 1
Subject 2
Subject 3
Subject 4
Bu
ildin
g A
Bu
ildin
g B
Bu
ildin
g C
41
23
A
214
3B
14
32
C
Current Lack of Interoperability
Information is available about a subject across all facilities but not about all subjects across all facilities
Planned information relationships
© NIBS 2006
EmergingEmerging buildingbuildingSMARTSMART-NA-NA InitiativeInitiativeDraft RoleA Strategy for Improving FacilitiesThe buildingSMART Alliance will:• Act as a focal point for improving
facilities efficiency• Establish consortia arrangements
for conducting research, • Conduct forums and workshops,• Manage research and research-
related projects,• Disseminate information,• Review work performed by others.• Develop and recommend standards,
guidelines and certification programs;• Stimulate innovation in the industry• Promote increased understanding
and communications
© NIBS 2006
To Read More About It …To Read More About It …
• WBDG BIM Resource Page:
– http://www.wbdg.org/design/bim.php
– Intro/overview & list of associations and resources.
• NIBS National BIM Standard Committee website:
– http://www.facilityinformationcouncil.org/bim/index.php
– Join the listserv and/or join the Committee and a Task Team
• Assoc. General Contractors (AGC), Contractors’ Guide to BIM http://www.agc.org/galleries/marketing-gallery/BIM_ad3.jpg
• GSA 3D & 4D Building Information Modeling:
– http://www.gsa.gov/Portal/gsa/ep/contentView.do?P=PM&contentId=20917&contentType=GSA_OVERVIEW
• Integrated Practice in Architecture, Elvin, Feb.’07– Mastering Design-Build, Fast-Track, and BIM
– http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471998494.html
• BSU College of Architecture & Planning: http://www.bsu.edu/cap
© NIBS 2006
For More InformationFor More Information
• Contact Information– NIBS: Earle Kennett - [email protected] – Chairman: Deke Smith - [email protected] – Task Team Chairpersons
• Fundraising: Ric Jackson - [email protected] • Business Process Integration: Dave Jordani -
[email protected] • Scoping: Dianne Davis - [email protected]
• Development: Bill East - [email protected] • Testing: Patrick Suermann - [email protected] • Communications: Alan Edgar – [email protected]
– NBMIS: www.facilityinformationcouncil.org/bim/index.php
Thank You