z

US AGENCI FOR

1-n N~noAL ec tiol

Dr Nathaniel Pugh Fort Valley State College 1005 State College Drive Fort valley GA 31030-3298 Subject Grant No PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Dear Dr Pugh

Pursuant to the authority contained in the Foreign Assistance

1961 and the Federal Grant and Cooperative Agreement ActAct of amended tie Agency for International Developmentof 1982 as

as(hereinafter referred to AID) hereby grants to Fort

Valley State College (hereinfter referred to as FVSC or the

the sum of $100000 to provide financial support forGrantee) the program described ii Attachment 2 of this Grant entitled

Program Description

as of the date ofThis Grant is effective and obligation is made

this letter and shall apply to expenditures made by the Grantee

in furtherance of program objectives during the period beginning 1995with the effective date and ending December 31

This Grant is made to the Grantee on the condition that the terms andfunds will be administered in accordance with the

as set forth in Attachment 1 (the Schedule)conditions Attachment 2 (the Program Description) and Attachment 3 (the

all of which have been agreed to by yourStandard Provisions) organization

Please sign the original and all enclosed copies of this letter

to acknowledge your receipt of this grant and return the one copy to the undersignedoriginal and all but

If you have any questions please contact Ms Karin Kolstrom of

my staff at (703) 875-1189

y

Sincere

Grant Officer Chief PCE Branch

Division B Office of Procurement

20523320 T~intfFIRST STREET NW WSHIGIONDC

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 2

Attachments

i Schedule 2 Program Description

ACKNOWLEDGED

Fort Va ey Sta ollege

BY

TYPED NAME Oscar L Prater

TITLE President

DATE September 29 1993

96521

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 3

FISCAL DATA

A GENERAL

A1 Total Estimated AID Amount $100000

A2 Total Obligated AID Amount $100000

A3 Cost-Sharing Amount (Non-Federal)$0 A4 Other Contributions (Federal) $ NA

A5 Project No936-5053 A6 AID Project Office RampDUC A7 Funding Source AIDW A8 Tax ID No 58-6002062 A9 CEC No NA A10 LOC No 72-00-

B SPECIFIC

B1(a) PIOT No 936-5053-3692948 Bl(b) Appropriation 72-11310211 B1(c) Allotment 341-36-099-00-20-31 B1(d) BPC DDVA-93-16900-KGll B1(e) Amount $100000

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 4

ATTACHMENT 1

SCHEDULE

IA PURPOSE OF GRANT

The purpose of this Grant is to provide financial support for the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant entitled Program Description

1B PERIOD OF GRANT

The effective date of this Grant is the date of the Cover Letter and the estimated completion date is December 31 1995 Funds obligated hereunder (see Section IC2 below) shall be used to reimburse the Grantee for allowable program expenditures incurred by the Grantee in pursuit of program objectives during such period Funds obligated hereunder are anticipated to be sufficient for completion by the Grantee of the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant by the estimated completion date

IC AMOUNT OF GRANT AND PAYMENT

ICI The total estimated amount of this Grant for its full period as set forth in Section lB above is $100000

1C2 AID hereby obligates the amount of $100000 for the purposes of this Grant during the indicated period set forth in Section lB above thereby fulfilling AIDs funding requirements AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs in excess of the obligated amount except as specified in paragraph (f) of the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget

1C3 Payment shall be made to the Grantee in accordance with procedures set forth in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3

ID GRANT BUDGET

IDl The following is the Budget for the total estimated amount of this Grant (see Section ICl above) for its full period (see Section IB above) The Grantee may not exceed the total estimated amount or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see Sections ICI and 1C2 respectively above) Except as specified in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget as shown in Attachment 3 the Grantee may adjust line item amounts as may be reasonably necessary for the attainment of program objectives

PCE-053-G-00-3045-00

Page 5

1D2 Bde Cost-Sharing

Cost Element AID N etal

Salaries $54200 $0 $54200

Fringe Travel

$4350 $18500

$0 $0

$4350 $18500

Non-Exp Equip $10500 ODC $8085 Overhead 64

$0 $0

$10500 $8085

365

Total $100000 $0 $100000

1D3 Inclusion of any cost in the budget of this Grant does

not obviate the requirement for prior approval by the Grant

Officer of cost items designated as requiring prior approval by

the applicable cost principles (see the Standard Provision of

this Grant set forth in Attachment 3 entitled Allowable Costs)

and other terms and conditions of this Grant unless

specifically stated in Section I below

1El Financial Reportina

IE1(a) Financial reporting requirements shall be in

accordance with the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled

Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3 If a

Standard Form 269 is required by the aforesaid Standard said form shall be usedProvision the Long Form of

iE1(b) All financial reports shall be submitted to

AID Office of Financial Management FAFMCMPDDCB Room

700 SA-2 Washington DC 20523-0209 In addition three

copies of all financial reports shall be submitted to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant concurrently with submission of the Quarterly Technical

Reports (See Section 1E2 below)

1El(c) The frequency of financial reporting and the due

dates of reports shall be as specified in the Standard in Section iEl(a) aboveProvision of this Grant referred to

1E2 Program Reporting

1E2(a) Annual Workplan

The Grantee shall submit an annual workplan for1E2(a)(1) this Grant which shall contain the following

1E2(a)()(A) An action-oriented workplan describing

planned activities for the next year delineated by calendar

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 6

and objectives whichquarter and linked to the project goals bedescribes the individuals to be involved the activities to

conducted and where and when they will be conducted Planned

activities shall be grouped by subject category and then

related to project objectives

1E2(a)(1)(B) A projected budget utilizing the same as are set forth in the budget of this Grantbudget line items

for each calendar quarter corresponding to the workplan and

1E2(a)(1)(C) Publications reports workshops seminars

and other information dissemination activities planned by

calendar quarter

The Grantee may develop the annual workplan in1E2(a)(2) consultation with the AID Project Officer for this Grant

lE2(a)(3) Five (5) copies of the annual workplan shall be

submitted to the designated AID Project Officer for this

Grant and one copy submitted to the Grant Officer The annual

workplan shall be submitted by the Grantee not later than sixty

(60) days from the effective date of this Grant (see Section

lB above)

IE2(b) Ouarterly Reports

The Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of brief quarterly

program performance reports which coincide with the financial

reporting periods described in Section lEI above to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID

POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 These reports shall be

submitted within 30 days following the end of the reporting

period and shall briefly present the following information

1E2(b)(1) A comparison of actual accomplishments with the

goals established for the period the findings of the investigator or both If the output of programs can be

readily quantified such quantitative data should be related to

cost data for computation of unit costs

of finances and expenditures and when appropriate analysis

1E2(b)(2) Reasons why established goals were not met if

applicable

1E2(b)(3) Other pertinent information including the status

and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs

IE2(c) Special Reports

1E2(c)(1) Within 30 days following the completion of each a tripinternational trip the Grantee shall submit 3 copies of

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

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3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

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32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

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34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

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23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

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56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

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24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

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62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

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66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

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2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 3

FISCAL DATA

A GENERAL

A1 Total Estimated AID Amount $100000

A2 Total Obligated AID Amount $100000

A3 Cost-Sharing Amount (Non-Federal)$0 A4 Other Contributions (Federal) $ NA

A5 Project No936-5053 A6 AID Project Office RampDUC A7 Funding Source AIDW A8 Tax ID No 58-6002062 A9 CEC No NA A10 LOC No 72-00-

B SPECIFIC

B1(a) PIOT No 936-5053-3692948 Bl(b) Appropriation 72-11310211 B1(c) Allotment 341-36-099-00-20-31 B1(d) BPC DDVA-93-16900-KGll B1(e) Amount $100000

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 4

ATTACHMENT 1

SCHEDULE

IA PURPOSE OF GRANT

The purpose of this Grant is to provide financial support for the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant entitled Program Description

1B PERIOD OF GRANT

The effective date of this Grant is the date of the Cover Letter and the estimated completion date is December 31 1995 Funds obligated hereunder (see Section IC2 below) shall be used to reimburse the Grantee for allowable program expenditures incurred by the Grantee in pursuit of program objectives during such period Funds obligated hereunder are anticipated to be sufficient for completion by the Grantee of the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant by the estimated completion date

IC AMOUNT OF GRANT AND PAYMENT

ICI The total estimated amount of this Grant for its full period as set forth in Section lB above is $100000

1C2 AID hereby obligates the amount of $100000 for the purposes of this Grant during the indicated period set forth in Section lB above thereby fulfilling AIDs funding requirements AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs in excess of the obligated amount except as specified in paragraph (f) of the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget

1C3 Payment shall be made to the Grantee in accordance with procedures set forth in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3

ID GRANT BUDGET

IDl The following is the Budget for the total estimated amount of this Grant (see Section ICl above) for its full period (see Section IB above) The Grantee may not exceed the total estimated amount or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see Sections ICI and 1C2 respectively above) Except as specified in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget as shown in Attachment 3 the Grantee may adjust line item amounts as may be reasonably necessary for the attainment of program objectives

PCE-053-G-00-3045-00

Page 5

1D2 Bde Cost-Sharing

Cost Element AID N etal

Salaries $54200 $0 $54200

Fringe Travel

$4350 $18500

$0 $0

$4350 $18500

Non-Exp Equip $10500 ODC $8085 Overhead 64

$0 $0

$10500 $8085

365

Total $100000 $0 $100000

1D3 Inclusion of any cost in the budget of this Grant does

not obviate the requirement for prior approval by the Grant

Officer of cost items designated as requiring prior approval by

the applicable cost principles (see the Standard Provision of

this Grant set forth in Attachment 3 entitled Allowable Costs)

and other terms and conditions of this Grant unless

specifically stated in Section I below

1El Financial Reportina

IE1(a) Financial reporting requirements shall be in

accordance with the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled

Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3 If a

Standard Form 269 is required by the aforesaid Standard said form shall be usedProvision the Long Form of

iE1(b) All financial reports shall be submitted to

AID Office of Financial Management FAFMCMPDDCB Room

700 SA-2 Washington DC 20523-0209 In addition three

copies of all financial reports shall be submitted to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant concurrently with submission of the Quarterly Technical

Reports (See Section 1E2 below)

1El(c) The frequency of financial reporting and the due

dates of reports shall be as specified in the Standard in Section iEl(a) aboveProvision of this Grant referred to

1E2 Program Reporting

1E2(a) Annual Workplan

The Grantee shall submit an annual workplan for1E2(a)(1) this Grant which shall contain the following

1E2(a)()(A) An action-oriented workplan describing

planned activities for the next year delineated by calendar

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 6

and objectives whichquarter and linked to the project goals bedescribes the individuals to be involved the activities to

conducted and where and when they will be conducted Planned

activities shall be grouped by subject category and then

related to project objectives

1E2(a)(1)(B) A projected budget utilizing the same as are set forth in the budget of this Grantbudget line items

for each calendar quarter corresponding to the workplan and

1E2(a)(1)(C) Publications reports workshops seminars

and other information dissemination activities planned by

calendar quarter

The Grantee may develop the annual workplan in1E2(a)(2) consultation with the AID Project Officer for this Grant

lE2(a)(3) Five (5) copies of the annual workplan shall be

submitted to the designated AID Project Officer for this

Grant and one copy submitted to the Grant Officer The annual

workplan shall be submitted by the Grantee not later than sixty

(60) days from the effective date of this Grant (see Section

lB above)

IE2(b) Ouarterly Reports

The Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of brief quarterly

program performance reports which coincide with the financial

reporting periods described in Section lEI above to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID

POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 These reports shall be

submitted within 30 days following the end of the reporting

period and shall briefly present the following information

1E2(b)(1) A comparison of actual accomplishments with the

goals established for the period the findings of the investigator or both If the output of programs can be

readily quantified such quantitative data should be related to

cost data for computation of unit costs

of finances and expenditures and when appropriate analysis

1E2(b)(2) Reasons why established goals were not met if

applicable

1E2(b)(3) Other pertinent information including the status

and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs

IE2(c) Special Reports

1E2(c)(1) Within 30 days following the completion of each a tripinternational trip the Grantee shall submit 3 copies of

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

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7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 4

ATTACHMENT 1

SCHEDULE

IA PURPOSE OF GRANT

The purpose of this Grant is to provide financial support for the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant entitled Program Description

1B PERIOD OF GRANT

The effective date of this Grant is the date of the Cover Letter and the estimated completion date is December 31 1995 Funds obligated hereunder (see Section IC2 below) shall be used to reimburse the Grantee for allowable program expenditures incurred by the Grantee in pursuit of program objectives during such period Funds obligated hereunder are anticipated to be sufficient for completion by the Grantee of the program described in Attachment 2 of this Grant by the estimated completion date

IC AMOUNT OF GRANT AND PAYMENT

ICI The total estimated amount of this Grant for its full period as set forth in Section lB above is $100000

1C2 AID hereby obligates the amount of $100000 for the purposes of this Grant during the indicated period set forth in Section lB above thereby fulfilling AIDs funding requirements AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs in excess of the obligated amount except as specified in paragraph (f) of the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget

1C3 Payment shall be made to the Grantee in accordance with procedures set forth in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3

ID GRANT BUDGET

IDl The following is the Budget for the total estimated amount of this Grant (see Section ICl above) for its full period (see Section IB above) The Grantee may not exceed the total estimated amount or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see Sections ICI and 1C2 respectively above) Except as specified in the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled Revision of Grant Budget as shown in Attachment 3 the Grantee may adjust line item amounts as may be reasonably necessary for the attainment of program objectives

PCE-053-G-00-3045-00

Page 5

1D2 Bde Cost-Sharing

Cost Element AID N etal

Salaries $54200 $0 $54200

Fringe Travel

$4350 $18500

$0 $0

$4350 $18500

Non-Exp Equip $10500 ODC $8085 Overhead 64

$0 $0

$10500 $8085

365

Total $100000 $0 $100000

1D3 Inclusion of any cost in the budget of this Grant does

not obviate the requirement for prior approval by the Grant

Officer of cost items designated as requiring prior approval by

the applicable cost principles (see the Standard Provision of

this Grant set forth in Attachment 3 entitled Allowable Costs)

and other terms and conditions of this Grant unless

specifically stated in Section I below

1El Financial Reportina

IE1(a) Financial reporting requirements shall be in

accordance with the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled

Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3 If a

Standard Form 269 is required by the aforesaid Standard said form shall be usedProvision the Long Form of

iE1(b) All financial reports shall be submitted to

AID Office of Financial Management FAFMCMPDDCB Room

700 SA-2 Washington DC 20523-0209 In addition three

copies of all financial reports shall be submitted to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant concurrently with submission of the Quarterly Technical

Reports (See Section 1E2 below)

1El(c) The frequency of financial reporting and the due

dates of reports shall be as specified in the Standard in Section iEl(a) aboveProvision of this Grant referred to

1E2 Program Reporting

1E2(a) Annual Workplan

The Grantee shall submit an annual workplan for1E2(a)(1) this Grant which shall contain the following

1E2(a)()(A) An action-oriented workplan describing

planned activities for the next year delineated by calendar

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 6

and objectives whichquarter and linked to the project goals bedescribes the individuals to be involved the activities to

conducted and where and when they will be conducted Planned

activities shall be grouped by subject category and then

related to project objectives

1E2(a)(1)(B) A projected budget utilizing the same as are set forth in the budget of this Grantbudget line items

for each calendar quarter corresponding to the workplan and

1E2(a)(1)(C) Publications reports workshops seminars

and other information dissemination activities planned by

calendar quarter

The Grantee may develop the annual workplan in1E2(a)(2) consultation with the AID Project Officer for this Grant

lE2(a)(3) Five (5) copies of the annual workplan shall be

submitted to the designated AID Project Officer for this

Grant and one copy submitted to the Grant Officer The annual

workplan shall be submitted by the Grantee not later than sixty

(60) days from the effective date of this Grant (see Section

lB above)

IE2(b) Ouarterly Reports

The Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of brief quarterly

program performance reports which coincide with the financial

reporting periods described in Section lEI above to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID

POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 These reports shall be

submitted within 30 days following the end of the reporting

period and shall briefly present the following information

1E2(b)(1) A comparison of actual accomplishments with the

goals established for the period the findings of the investigator or both If the output of programs can be

readily quantified such quantitative data should be related to

cost data for computation of unit costs

of finances and expenditures and when appropriate analysis

1E2(b)(2) Reasons why established goals were not met if

applicable

1E2(b)(3) Other pertinent information including the status

and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs

IE2(c) Special Reports

1E2(c)(1) Within 30 days following the completion of each a tripinternational trip the Grantee shall submit 3 copies of

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-053-G-00-3045-00

Page 5

1D2 Bde Cost-Sharing

Cost Element AID N etal

Salaries $54200 $0 $54200

Fringe Travel

$4350 $18500

$0 $0

$4350 $18500

Non-Exp Equip $10500 ODC $8085 Overhead 64

$0 $0

$10500 $8085

365

Total $100000 $0 $100000

1D3 Inclusion of any cost in the budget of this Grant does

not obviate the requirement for prior approval by the Grant

Officer of cost items designated as requiring prior approval by

the applicable cost principles (see the Standard Provision of

this Grant set forth in Attachment 3 entitled Allowable Costs)

and other terms and conditions of this Grant unless

specifically stated in Section I below

1El Financial Reportina

IE1(a) Financial reporting requirements shall be in

accordance with the Standard Provision of this Grant entitled

Payment - Periodic Advance as shown in Attachment 3 If a

Standard Form 269 is required by the aforesaid Standard said form shall be usedProvision the Long Form of

iE1(b) All financial reports shall be submitted to

AID Office of Financial Management FAFMCMPDDCB Room

700 SA-2 Washington DC 20523-0209 In addition three

copies of all financial reports shall be submitted to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant concurrently with submission of the Quarterly Technical

Reports (See Section 1E2 below)

1El(c) The frequency of financial reporting and the due

dates of reports shall be as specified in the Standard in Section iEl(a) aboveProvision of this Grant referred to

1E2 Program Reporting

1E2(a) Annual Workplan

The Grantee shall submit an annual workplan for1E2(a)(1) this Grant which shall contain the following

1E2(a)()(A) An action-oriented workplan describing

planned activities for the next year delineated by calendar

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 6

and objectives whichquarter and linked to the project goals bedescribes the individuals to be involved the activities to

conducted and where and when they will be conducted Planned

activities shall be grouped by subject category and then

related to project objectives

1E2(a)(1)(B) A projected budget utilizing the same as are set forth in the budget of this Grantbudget line items

for each calendar quarter corresponding to the workplan and

1E2(a)(1)(C) Publications reports workshops seminars

and other information dissemination activities planned by

calendar quarter

The Grantee may develop the annual workplan in1E2(a)(2) consultation with the AID Project Officer for this Grant

lE2(a)(3) Five (5) copies of the annual workplan shall be

submitted to the designated AID Project Officer for this

Grant and one copy submitted to the Grant Officer The annual

workplan shall be submitted by the Grantee not later than sixty

(60) days from the effective date of this Grant (see Section

lB above)

IE2(b) Ouarterly Reports

The Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of brief quarterly

program performance reports which coincide with the financial

reporting periods described in Section lEI above to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID

POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 These reports shall be

submitted within 30 days following the end of the reporting

period and shall briefly present the following information

1E2(b)(1) A comparison of actual accomplishments with the

goals established for the period the findings of the investigator or both If the output of programs can be

readily quantified such quantitative data should be related to

cost data for computation of unit costs

of finances and expenditures and when appropriate analysis

1E2(b)(2) Reasons why established goals were not met if

applicable

1E2(b)(3) Other pertinent information including the status

and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs

IE2(c) Special Reports

1E2(c)(1) Within 30 days following the completion of each a tripinternational trip the Grantee shall submit 3 copies of

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 6

and objectives whichquarter and linked to the project goals bedescribes the individuals to be involved the activities to

conducted and where and when they will be conducted Planned

activities shall be grouped by subject category and then

related to project objectives

1E2(a)(1)(B) A projected budget utilizing the same as are set forth in the budget of this Grantbudget line items

for each calendar quarter corresponding to the workplan and

1E2(a)(1)(C) Publications reports workshops seminars

and other information dissemination activities planned by

calendar quarter

The Grantee may develop the annual workplan in1E2(a)(2) consultation with the AID Project Officer for this Grant

lE2(a)(3) Five (5) copies of the annual workplan shall be

submitted to the designated AID Project Officer for this

Grant and one copy submitted to the Grant Officer The annual

workplan shall be submitted by the Grantee not later than sixty

(60) days from the effective date of this Grant (see Section

lB above)

IE2(b) Ouarterly Reports

The Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of brief quarterly

program performance reports which coincide with the financial

reporting periods described in Section lEI above to the

AID Project Office specified in the Cover Letter of this

Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID

POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 These reports shall be

submitted within 30 days following the end of the reporting

period and shall briefly present the following information

1E2(b)(1) A comparison of actual accomplishments with the

goals established for the period the findings of the investigator or both If the output of programs can be

readily quantified such quantitative data should be related to

cost data for computation of unit costs

of finances and expenditures and when appropriate analysis

1E2(b)(2) Reasons why established goals were not met if

applicable

1E2(b)(3) Other pertinent information including the status

and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs

IE2(c) Special Reports

1E2(c)(1) Within 30 days following the completion of each a tripinternational trip the Grantee shall submit 3 copies of

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

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6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 7

report summarizing the accomplishments of the trip to the

AID Project Officer specified in the cover letter of this

Grant If several individuals are travelling together to one The

site a single report representing the group will suffice

report shall include the purpose of the trip technical

observations suggestions and recommendations overall

impressions of the site situation (if appropriate) and a list

of persons visited with their title and organization

affiliation

Between the required program performance1E2(c)(2) that have significant impact

reporting dates events may occur inform upon the program In such instances the Grantee shall

the AID Project Officer as soon as the following types of

conditions become known

adverse conditions thatIE2(c)(2)(A) Problems delays or

attain programwill materially affect the ability to

objectives prevent the meeting of time schedules and goals or

preclude the attainment of work units by established time

This disclosure shall be accompanied by a statementperiods of the action taken or contemplated and any AID assistance

needed to resolve the situation

Favorable developments or events that enableIE2(c)(2)(B) sooner than anticipated or more worktime schedules to be met

units to be produced than originally projected

lE2(c)(3) If any performance review conducted by the

Grantee discloses the need for change in the budget estimates

in accordance with the criteria established in the Standard

this Grant entitled Revision of Grant BudgetProvision of the Grantee shall submit a request for budget revision to

the

Grant Officer and the AID Project Officer specified in the

Cover Letter of this Grant

IE2(d) Environmental Impact

this project will result inIf it appears that the outputs of

an adverse environmental impact the Grantee shall notify the

AID Project Officer prior to implementation in order to

allow for orderly preparation of an environmental impact that appropriate USstatement The Grantee shall assure

followedGovernment andor host country procedures are

1E2(e) Care of Laboratory Animals

If the Standard Provision entitled Care of Laboratory Animals

(see Section for applicability) theapplies to this Grant Grantee shall include the certificate required by paragraph

(c)

of said Standard Provision in all of its reports which pertain

to the use of laboratory animals

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 8

IE2(f) Final Report

Within 90 days following the estimated completion date of this Grant (see Section lB above) the Grantee shall submit five (5) copies of a final report to the AID Project Office specified in the cover letter of this Grant In addition two copies shall be submitted to AID POLCDIEDI Washington DC 20523-1802 It will cover the entire period of the Grant and include all information shown in Sections 1E2(a) and 1E2(c) above

IF SPECIAL PROVISIONS

1F1 OPTIONAL STANDARD PROVISIONS

The following Optional Standard Provisions for US Nongovernmental Grantees as listed in Attachment 3 of this Grant are hereby deleted as follows

Provision Payment - Periodic Advance 13 Payment - Cost Reimbursement 15 Local Cost Financing 33 Patent Rights 35 Negotiated Indirect C-t Rates - Provisional 46 Participant Training 48 Voluntary Population Planning 49 Protection of the Individual as a Research Subject 56 Title To and Care of Property(US Government Title) 63 Title To and Care of Property(Cooperating Country Title)67 Cost Sharing 71

All other Optional Standard Provisions are hereby incorporated into this Grant and have been checked off on page 9 of Attachment 3 IF2 Limitations on Reimbursement of Costs of Compensation

for Personal Services and Professional Service Costs

IF2(a) Employee Salaries

Except as the Grant Officer may otherwise agree in writing AID shall not be liable for reimbursing the Grantee for any costs allocable to the salary portion of direct compensation paid by the Grantee to its employees for personal services which exceed the highest salary level for a Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) as periodically amended

IF2(b) Consultant Fees

Compensation for consultants retained by the Grantee hereunder shall not exceed without specific approval of the rate by the Grant Officer either the highest rate of annual compensation

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

received by the consultant during any full year of the

or the maximum rate of aimmediately preceding three years

Foreign Service Officer Class 1 (FS-l) (as periodically A daily rate is derived byamended) whichever is less

dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational

institutions) the Grantee is authorized to purchase DBA andor If DBA insurancemedical evacuation insurance under this Grant

is purchased it shall be purchased from the insurance company

agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

IG INDIRECT COST RATE

IGI Pursuant to the Standard Provision of this Grant

entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

on the basis of final or predeterminedcosts shall be made indirect cost rates for each accounting period which applies to

this Grant but not in excess of the following ceiling rate(s) applied to the base(s) which is (are) set forth below Any indirect costs above the ceiling rate(s) shall be absorbed by the Grantee and considered cost sharing

Rate Rase

On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

1H PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS

1HI Title to Property

Title to property acquired hereunder shall vest in the Grantee subject to the requirements of the Standard Provision of this grant entitled Title To and Use of Property (Grantee Title)

regarding use accountability and disposition of such property

(7

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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3S

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23

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52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

P2E-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 9

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dividing the annual compensation by 2087 and multiplying the

result by 8

1F3 Defense Base Act (DBA) and Medical Evacuation Insurance

Section J16 of OMB Circular A-21 (for educationalPursuant to Section 18 of Attachment B of OMB Circularinstitutions) or

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agent with which AID has a contract to provide DBAor insurance for AID contracts The Grant Officer will provide

the name address and telephone number of such insurance

company or agent upon request

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entitled Negotiated Indirect Cost Rates - Provisional

(Nonprofits) and if applicable Negotiated Indirect Cost or rates shall beRates - Predetermined an indirect cost rate

the Grantees accounting periods whichestablished for each of this Grant Payment on account of allowable indirectapply to

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On-CampusHome Office 520 1 Off-CampusOff-Site 291 1

J Base of Application direct salaries including vacation holiday sick pay and other paid absences but excluding all other fringe benefits

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(7

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with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00

Page 10

1H2 Ecuipment Purchases

Equipment purchases under this Grant must be made in accordance

with the Standard Provisions entitled Procurement of Goods and

Services and AID Eligibility Rules for Goods and Services

included in Attachment 3 of this Grant Inclusion of costs in

the budget of this Grant for the purchase of nonexpendable equipment does not obviate the requirements of Section J13 of

OMB Circular A-21 (for educational institutions) or Section 13

of Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 (for nonprofit organizations other than educational institutions) for prior

approval of such purchases by the Grant Officer nor any other

terms and conditions of this Grant unless specifically stated

in Section lH2(a)(3) below

IH2(a) Reguirement for Prior Approval

Pursuant to Sections 1D3 and 1G3 above and the Standard

Provisions of this Grant entitled Allowable Costs and

Revision of Grant Budget and by extension Section 13 of

Attachment B of OMB Circular A-122 the Grantee must obtain AID Grant Officer approval for purchases of the following

1H2(a)(1) General Purpose EQuipment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is

usable for other than research medical scientific or technical

activities whether or not special modifications are needed to

make them suitable for a particular purpose (eg office

equipment and furnishings air conditioning equipment reproduction and printing equipment motor vehicles and

automatic data processing equipment) having a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $500 or more per unit) and

IH2(a)(2) Special Purpose EguiPment which is defined as an

article of nonexpendable tangible personal property which is used only for research medical scientific or technical activities (eg microscopes x-ray machines surgical instruments and spectrometers) and which has a useful life of

more than two years and an acquisition cost of $1000 or more per unit)

1H2(a)(3) Approvals

In furtherance of the foregoing the Grant Officer does hereby provide approval for the following purchases which shall not be

construed as authorization to exceed the total estimated amount

or the obligated amount of this Grant whichever is less (see

Section 1C above)

- one microscope - two laboratory refrigerators

6)

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

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13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

PCE-5053-G-00-3045-00 Page 11

- two laboratoryfreezers - one diesel engine

one water pump and associated electrical materials-

IH2(a)(4) EMueption for Automation Eguipment

for the purchase of automation equipment which mayAny approval be provided in Section IH2(a)(3) above or subsequently

is not valid if the total cost of provided by the Grant Officer

purchases of automation equipment (eg computers word

related services made hereunder processors etc) software or

will exceed $100000 The Grantee must under such the Grant Officer for the

circumstances obtain the approval of any automation equipment software or total planned system of

related services

11 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS

the Attachments of this Grant shall beConflicts between any of

resolved by applying the following descending order of

precedence

Attachment 1 - Schedule - Standard ProvisionsAttachment 3

Attachment 2 - Program Description

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

Agency For International Development Research Grant Program

for Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Proposal Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

Institution Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia 31030

Principal Investigator Dr A S Bhagsari Professor

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

FOR HISTORICAL BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

SUBMITTED BY FORT VALLEY STATE COLLEGE (FVSC) Agricultural Research Station 1005 State College Drive Fort Valley Georgia 31030-3298

PROPOSAL TITLE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF TRUE POTATO SEED TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDA

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Ajmer SBhagsari Ph D (USA) Professor

Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Georgia USA Telephone No (912) 825-6825 Fax No (912) 825-6376

CO-INVESTIGATOR Adipala Ekwamu PhD (Uganda) Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Crop Science Makerere University Kampala Uganda Africa

DATE OF SUBMISSION April 1993

Signature of Principal Investigator Sgnature an Name

Agricultural Research Station Representative of Proposing Insfitution

Statements on Proposal Submission

This project proposal in part or in whole has not been submitted to any other1 funding agency and is not closely related to research being done for other sponsors

2 This project if approved will provide for its own logistic support and will not pose

any load on the USAID mission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Need for the Proposed Research 1

Tim e Phased Plan of W ork 16amp17

A Brief Discussion of the Problem 2

Emerging TPS Technology 2

Pertinence of Proposed Research 3

Discussion of the Broad Objectives 4

Brief Statement of Projected Output 5

HBCLs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities 6

Collaborative MechanismsNetwork 7

Scientific Aspects of Proposed Research 8

Statement of the Research Question to be Investigated 8

References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility 9

Potential of the Proposed Research II

Innovative Character of the Research 11

Description of Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques 12

Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research 18

Budget Inform ation 19

Literature Cited 20-24

Curriculum Vitae of Investigators and Cooperators 25

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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21

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27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

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3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

Title Development and Dissemination of True Potato Seed Technology in Uganda

II Need(s) for the Proposed Research

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) one of the most valuable staple food crops for

humankind is generally superior in energy and protein production per unit area and potato

proteins are also rich in essential amino acids (12) Among food crops it ranks fifth in area and

fourth in production (1)and currently it is cultivated in about 130 countries where three-fourth of

the world population live (3) Although potato is considered a cool season crop for temperate

climates (45) and highland tropics (HLT) its production is now extending to warm climates in the

lowland tropics (LLT) as well as subtropical environments (678910) The rate of potato production

and consumption in developing countries has exceeded most other food crops (211)

The potato is now recognized as an important food and cash crop in Uganda particularly

on subsistence farms in the highlands The highland climate (altitude 1500-2000 m with mean

temperatures 15-16 C and bimodal rainfall 120-150 cm) is suitable for raising two and even three

potato crops per year Main potato growing areas in the highlands are concentrated in the Kigezi

and Ruwenzori Mountains in southwest Uganda and Mbale in the lower slopes of Elgon Mountain

in the east

Potato production isalso becoming popular in LLT situated 1200 to 1500 m above sea leel

(asl) with mean temperature of 21 to 24 C and rainfall of 120 to 150 cm However potato yields

are lower in LLT due to the prevalence of many diseases insects and pests (121314) Imported

potato germplasm played a vital role in potato development in the US and Canada (15) The

than 40 tha in Europeintroduction of technology has increased current potato yields to more

otherwise yields would have ranged from 10 to 15 tha (16) quite similar to that in the tropics (12)

With the adoption of suitable technology best potato yields averaged 1000 tha in the US (17) and

a similar yield was reported from microplots in the HLT in Uganda t18) With the introduction of

technology food crop yields can increase 2 to 3 times the current levels (219)

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

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11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

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Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

2

1 A Brief Discussion of the Problem

Uganda has the finest natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa but these remain unexploited

(2021) Due to loss of foreign exchange earnings from coffee many food crops are grown for

export purposes which in turn is causing internal food shortages resulting in malnutrition (19)

Increased potato production in the HLT and expanding production in the LLT can supplement the

internal food supply to offset shortages caused by export of food crops and a 34 increase in

population (1921)

From 1970 to 1984 political unrest caused crop germplasm losses including potato

throughout Uganda With assistance from the International Potato Center (CIP) and USAID potato

germplasm is imported and evaluated for adaptation only in the HLT Generally cultivars respond

differently in the LLT and HLT Cruza a high yielding potato cultivar in the HLT in Uganda (18)

failed to form tubers in the LLT (22) Further due to high population density and shortage of land

potatoes are planted in the HLT without rotation on steep slopes causing soil erosion The main

marketing center Kampala City- situated in the LLT is far away from the highlands and transport

costs are charged in the price to consumers Therefore it would be more cost effective to produce

potatoes in the LLT as well The current narrow germplasm base needs expansion through

introductions of adapted cultivars from North America Europe and Asia In the absence of

temperature controlled storage facilities and dormancy releasing chemicals only short dormancy

cultivars are popular because in biomodal rainfall areas potato seed can be used for planting

successive crops (1822) However in tropical and subtropical regions high aphid populations and

year-round presence of diseases make it difficult for those countries to maintain their own certified

seed (223)

Emerging TPS Technology

Because of multiple problems associated with potato production from seed tubers in warm

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

3

climates the use of true potato seed (TPS) as planting material is under investigation

(1424252627) and holds great potential in tropical cnvironment (23282930) Currently the

open-pollinated TPS is planted because hybrid seed production through hand pollination is

expensive (2331) The open-pollinated progenies usually yield less than hybrid progenies

(2432333435) Hybrid potato seed production appears feasible through natural cross pollination

due to the discovery of female fertile and male sterile cultivars such as cv Atlantic and some others

(3536)

Since tetraploid potatoes can be self-fertile it would be preferable to use potato lines which

are female fertile but male sterile as the female parent This would eliminate the need to hand

emasculate the buds prior to pollination and also eliminate the effect of inbreeding depression as

a result of selfing As a first step in developing this proposal lines need to be identified that are

either female fertile and male sterile or female sterile and male fertile when grown under high

temperature conditions Several lines are known to be extremely female fertile and nearly male

sterile like Atlantic Coastal Russet Belrus and numerous breeding lines from the USDA Beltsville

potato breeding program and most hybrids from 4x-2x crosses Many other lines are known to be

extremely male and female fertile Coastal Chip Superior and numerous breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville potato breeding program A much smaller number of breeding lines from the

USDA Beltsville program are known to be male fertile with very reduced female fertility (Dr

Haynes 1993 personal communication)

2 Pertinence of Proposed Research to a Possible Solution

Quality seed is critical to potato production in a tropical environment (41437) In the LLT

clonally propagated potatoes degenerate rapidly and yields decline unless seed is imported from cool

climates for each crop (14) This practice is expensive and beyond the means of limited-resource

farmers in Uganda The use of TPS in potato production reduces costs for seed and transportation

7

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

4

and decreases the incidence of potato diseases (2) For exploiting hybrid vigor female fertile male

sterile and male fertile genotypes will be identified for TPS production for raising seedling tubers

with yield potential similar to potatoes produced from seed tubers imported from cool climates

Further this research would attempt to identify short dormancy cultivars suitable for planting

successive crops without the need for long storage periods or to the use of dormancy release

chemicals The scientific foundation and requisite technology for TPS seedling tuber production will

be developed in the LLT Limited-resource farmers will benefit from the diffusion of TPS technology

and consumers will pay less because of local availability of the potato

3 How specifically the Projects Results Contribute to the Solution of Developing Country

Program and AIDs Mission

Lack of locally available technological inputs scientific effort low productivity and the

resulting poverty and malnutrition are some of the main problems facing Uganda and the AID is

addressing all of them (1921) About 22 million limited-resource farmers with holding size of 2

to 3 ha produce 94 of the total agricultural output in the country (21) The continuous civil unrest

has led to a brain drain and reduction in agricultural production The USAID sponsored project

Manpower for Agricultural Development has a strong commitment to food security and seed

supply in Uganda This planned project would address AIDs mission in alleviating seed problems

in an important food and cash crop The development of TPS technology will enhance potato

production in the LLT and in asimilar climatic zone elsewhere The cheap and easy availability of

TPS seedling tubers to farmers and home gardeners will enhance potato production and improve

quantitative and qualitatively aspects of nutrition

4 Discussion of the Broad Objective to be Achieved by Research

a To determine the yield potential of newly introduced and adapted germplasm in the

LLT of Uganda

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

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6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

5

b To determine the effect of altitude and photoperiod on flowering berry development

and seed quality of potato germplasm adapted to the tropical environment

c To study the effect of trellises and supplemental nitrogen (in excess of that used for

tuber production) applied during seed development on 100 - TPS weight seedling

vigor and quality

d To determine the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling vigor

e To initiate clonal seed tuber degenerative studies to determine yield decline resulting

from the continuous use of seed tubers (without renewal) in the LLT

f To compare the yield potential of TPS seedling tubers (G) produced in the HLT and

LLT and rate of decline in yield in successive cropping

g To identify male fertile potato lines through in vitro techniques of pollen germination

and pollen tube gr-o1h

h To evaluate the combining ability of female fertile and male fertile potato genotypes

i To study the feasibility of multiple potato cropping three potato crops a year and

intercropping with maize

S Brief Statement of Projected Output

By the completion of this proposed project 40 to 50 well adapted genotypes from the tropics

and subtropics would have been evaluated and their susceptibility to insects resistance to diseases

and yield potential determined The flowering and seed production response of this germplasm to

this photoperiod and altitude will also be known The effects of chemicals and hormones for

inducing TPS production and accelerating seed germination will be identified Identification of

separate female and male fertile genotypes will impart capability to produce hybrid TPS naturallN

cross pollinated under field conditions making TPS a viable option in the tropics The rate of

7

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

6

decline and degeneration caused by viruses in TPS seedling tuber and clonal seed tuber yields will

be evaluated A package of practices for TPS and TPS seedling tuber production will be prepared

for dissemination through the extension agents Finally an ideal location for TPS production similar

to the one at Osrone Chile contracted by CIP to produce TPS will be identified and become the

focal point for TPS technology development in tropical Africa

Ill HBCUs Institutional Characteristics and International Capabilities Related to Proposal

The International activities of the Fort Valley State College are handled through its Office of

International Programs which in turn coordinates its activities with the College Deans and the

Office of Vice-President for Academic Affairs The approval for submitting this proposal rests with

the President but subsequent implementation of the approved proposal will be under the supervision

of the Dean School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

The Fort Valley State College has been involved in international activities since 1979 and

is a charter member of the Southeast Consortium for International Development (SECID) Since then

it has assigned one or two scientists to international projects in various countries such as the

Dominican Republic Guinea Burkina Faso Mali India and Uganda Furthermore this institution

has signed MOUs for joint international activities with the Dominican Republic Haiti Ohio State

University and Winrock International The college administration is fully committed to its

international mission and encourages its faculty staff and students to participate in international

activities

9O

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

IV Collaborative MechanismNetwork

UniversityInstitution

Agri Res Station Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA 31030

United States Dept Agri Agricultural Res Service Vegetable Laboratory Plant Sciences Institute Beltsville Maryland 20705

Makerere University Kampala Uganda Dept of Crop Science Faculty of Agric amp Forestry

Ministry (if Agricullure Govt of Uganda

Central Potato Institute Lima Peru Regional Officers East Africa Kenya and Uganda

Person and Position

Dr A S Bhagsari Professor Agronomy

Dr K G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist Potato

Dr Adipala Ekwamu Assistant Professor (Lecturer)

Mr D Akimanzi (Assisted by C R Kainzikwera) National Potato

Development Officer Entebbe

Dr H M Kidanemariam Dr L Sikka (CIP Scientists)

Time devoted

10

As needed

10

5

As Needed

Task description

Lead person project development and execution germplasm procurement TPS production and coordination at all locations

Potato germplasm resource person training and advice Make preparation for special crosses for TPS at Beltsville Presque Isle Maine Fort Valley GA and Uganda

Lead person at the Makerere Uni guide two graduate students for TPS production technology in vitro techniques for pollen germination and growth

Lead person for potato germplasm procurement and quarantine Maintenance of potato genotypes at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Germplasm Resource Scientists

Resources Committed

Two greenhouses headhouse and laboratory space and field facilities for TPS production and testing

Greenhouse space for specific TPS production crosses In vitro techniques to determine pollen germination amp pollen tube growth _

Laboratory space at Makerere University field plot and greenhouse facilities at Kabanyolo Agric Res Institute

Farm facilities greenhouse and laboratory space at the Highland Crop Res Center Kalengyere

Maintenance of special selected lines needed for this project

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

8

V SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PROPOSED WORK

1 Statement of the Research Question that isto be Investigated

Exotic germplasm adapted to warm climates and possessing short dormancy will be evaluated Since

flowering and fruiting are aprerequisite for this technology asearch for parental lines having profuse flowering and

high pollen fertility will be undertaken Using the pollen tube growth technique (3638) separate female fertile and

male fertile genotypes will be identified to produce hybrid seed through natural cross pollination The cross

showing the best combining ability will be used to produce TPS which will be used to produce first generation

seedling tuber (G) and again multiplied to produce second generation seedling tubers (G2) for evaluation in the

LLT Quality of the seed and seedling tubers and its relationship to potato yield will also be studied Finally

agronomic and physiological studies will be conducted for TPS technology development

2 Providing Information additive to existing knowledge in published literature or other sources

Limited information for potato production relevant to tropical Africa is available in the published literature

The TPS program though known in China since 1960 (26) was initiated in 1978 by CIP scientists in collaboration

with some developed countries to introduce the potato in warm climates (6) Practically no information isavailable

in the literature about flowering berry production and quality of seed in tropical Africa Identification of separate

male and female fertile genotypes and their use in the production of hybrid TPS through natural cross pollination

would be new knowledge for the tropics New information regarding suitability of G G2 seedling tubers will P

developed The combination of environmental factors impacting TPS production will be new information for the

African environment

3 Description of Expected Causal Relationships and Hypothesis Statement

Vitality and yield potential of potato seed tubers decreases during successive cropping in hot climates due

to degenerative disease caused by viruses Disease transmission (except potato spindle tuber viroid) by TPS is less

than by seed tubers Use of new adapted germplasm from environments similar to the lowlands in Uganda will

minimize seed tuber degeneration when TPS technology isdeveloped and adopted We hypothesize that the yield

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

9shy

potential of TPS seedling tubers (G and G2) produced under the lowland conditions is similar to that obtainable

from clonally propagated seed tubers imported from cool climates

4 References Supporting the Scientific Feasibility

Potato tuber yields of 100 tha are predicted (16) and are obtainable (17) in temperate climates Production

of potatoes isconstrained by a lack of quality planting material in the LLT but TPS can provide healthy amp low cost

planting material to produce seedling tubers (14242830313940) Potato production from TPS can be done by

1 Direct seed sowing in the field 2 Raising seedlings in nursery beds for transplanting and 3 Production of

seedling tubers (G) from TPS for next planting

Potato Production from Direct TPS Planting

Direct field sowing in temperate climates with long growing seasons ispossible (31) but in hot climates seed

Directgermination is low (2941) Yields from TPS sown directly and from transplant seedlings were similar (39)

seeded TP$ F (hybrids) yielded less than 25 of clonally propagated Russet Burbank at 141 days after planting

(DAP) but at 195 DAP yields were similar and ranged from 54 to 62 tha (42) The optimum density for direct sown

TPS isabout 96 plantsm yielding 651 to 76 Kg tubersm (39) Thus short rainy seasons in Uganda will preclude

the possibility of potato production from direct field planted TPS

Potato Production from Transplanting

The use of TPS for producing transplants for raising disease free tubers is feasible (2931424344) and TPS

transplant production techniques are similar to small seeded vegetable production (2931) and hold great potential

for developing countries (31) The yield from a transplanted crop is 200 to 500 higher than that from direct

climate potato yield from an open pollinated (OP) TPS transplant crop was 146 thaseeded TPS (31) In a warm

about 460 higher than the national average yield (14) Yield from transplants ranged from 360 to 410 tha (45)

Yield for OP-TPS transplants ranged from 110 to 240 tha (27) and 234 to 310 tha (33) in the HLT and temperate

climates respectively The yield from transplants of OP-TPS was lower than that of hybrid-TPS (23273246) Vine

growth was faster for seed tuber propagated crops than for TPS transplants which produced more auxiliary branches

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

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11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

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Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

10

per stem (47) The transplants stored for a week at about 7 C showed better survival than those maintained at 12C

(44) but planting in soil at 30 C caused significant willing (48)

Potato Production from Seedling Tubers

Disease free seedling tubers car jced from TPS for use as regular seed (1423) A similar technique

in China improved potato yields from 60 to 20 tha (26) Hybrid TPS families and seed tuber propagated cultivars

gave higher yield than OP-TPS (3442) but TPS use is recommended since high yielding OP-TPS families can be

identified (35) The highest yields for seedling tubers (G) for selection CFK-691 and for cv Ackersegan were 239

tha and 148 tha respectively (49) Seedling tubers (G) yielded 470 to 550 tha in the HILT and this yield was

significantly higher than that of transplanting (45) The size of the seedling tubers also impacts yield The potato

yields for seedling tuber sizes of 3 to 5 g and 25 to 50 g ranged from 200 to 300 tha and 300 to 490 tha

respectively (50) The yields for seedling tubers (G) ranged from 233 to 316 tha at 1330 m a s I and 71 to 147

tha at 800 m a s 1(27) Yields from TPS seedling tubers were similar to clenal tubers (2739) But Li (51) indicated

that seedling tuber yields were 35 to 55 higher than the control planted with local seed tubers

Flowering Fruiting and Seed Production

True potato seeJ production on a commercial scale depends upon the flowering characteristic of parental

material (52) Environmental factors especially the quality and quantity of light temperature and plant hormones

can modify potato flowering response but generally 15 to 16 hrs exposure to light will induce flowering (13) I

the LLT with short photoperiod only 2 out of 47 potato cultivars studied formed berries and produced seed u~der

the natural conditions (22) Photoperiod longer than 12 hrs and warmer night temperature promoted flower

production and reduced irradiance had the opposite effect (53) Treatment of flower buds at an early stage with

silver thiosulphate increased flower retention of cv Katahdin over that of control plants (54) In general higher

altitude (2521 m a s I) and 14 to 16 hrs photoperiod promote blooming and high berry set A high doze of

supplemental nitrogen also improved seed quality (5255) Berry size and 100-seed weight can be increased by

decreasing number of flowers per inflorescence and by pollination of the stigma (52) Time for berry ripening

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

11

Berries harvested 1I depends upon the environment and the genotype but ripening is delayed in cooler climate

weeks after pollination produce vigorous seed (56)

Seed Dormancy Seed Storage and Seed Quality

Diploids lose dormancy more rapidly than tetraploids (58)Genetic variations exist in TPS dormancy (57)

Under cool and dry conditions TPS can be stored for 10 to 25 years without loss in seed viability (596061) Seed

can be broken by soaking TPS in 2000 ppm gibberellic acid for 24 hrs (62)dormancy

The use of TPS Currently TPS technology research is focused on the production of high quality seed (55)

with optimum vigor is important for seedling performance under sub-optimal farming conditions (3757) and

is generally low during early emergence (63) Seed quality can be improved by properseedling vigor of TPS

at - 10 nutrition during TPS production (525564) The soaking of TPS in a solution consisting of KNO 3 + K3PO

MPa promoted faster emergence and dry matter accumulation (63) A significant positive correlation was reported

- seed weight and harvest index (65) and between seedling vigor and yield (42)between 1000

5 Potential of the Proposed Research

The possibility exists that more separate female fertile genotypes and good male fertile pollinators may be

identified to produce hybrid seed for developing TPS technology Atlantic aknown female fertile cultivar (36) holds

a great potential for the LLT as it had the highest photosynthetic rate leaf area index photosynthate partitioning

help avoid disease related cropand yield in a warm climate (66) The use of hybrid seed and even OP-TPS can

losses or even crop failures The development of the potato in the LLT can be very important in alleviating hunger

and improving nutrition in Uganda and the surrounding six countries

6 Innovative Character of the Research

In the traditional system development of a potato cultivar and maintenance of disease free seed is most

expensive and seed alone accounts 50 to 75 of production costs (2424) The introduction of potato in the lower

This research will attempt to develop the capacity to produce hybrid TPS tropics is an innovation by itself (14)

The in vio approach to identify separate genotypes having completely female using adapted cultivars in the LLT

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

12

fertile and male fertile flowers or partial degrees of male and female fertility and sterility for solving an important

problem in TPS technology development is very unique Another unique feature of this research involves testing

continous potato cropping by having two crops in the two rainy seasons and a third dry season crop with

supplemental irrigation from streams in the valleys

7 Experimental Design Methodologies and Techniques [For objective a-i pages 4-5]

a Potato Germplasm About 50 well adapted potato genotypes with known high productivity from

warm climates and the LLT will be obtained from the US and CIP germplasm resources and

introduced in Uganda following quarantine pr-x)edures The tentative list of the genotypes includes

LT4 DTO-2 (10) Spunta Atica Desiree Clautar (7) DTO-33 DTO-28 Katahdin LT2 (53) LT5

Cosima Sequoia (67) Michinac and selection Wn C316-1 (42) Red Pontiac (67) Cardinal

Patrones Multa Bintje Achat Baraka and Radosa (14) and other important cultivars identified by

(6182267) All the new germplasm will be tested in single-row or three-row plots (depending

upon the quantity of the seed tubers) in the HLT and LLT of Uganda before initiating flowering and

seed production experiments The rows will be 6 m long and 075 m wide with 03 m spacing

between plants The experiment will be randomized complete block with four replications Cultural

practices to be followed were described elsewhere (1822)

b This pot experiment will involve 15 to 20 well adapted and productive genotypes planted at three

altitudes that is Kalengyere (2500 masl) Bunginyana (2000 m) and Kabanyolo (1250 m)

Photoperiods of 12 hrs (natural day light) and 16 hours (obtained with supplemental light) will be

used Seed tubers will be planted in pots five pots per genotype and replicated four times

Fertilizer will be applied pre-and post-planting and irrigation and insecticides will be applied as

needed Vines will be supported on trellises Flower initiation flower buds per inflorescence

number of berries and quantity of seed produced ill be recorded Berries will be harvested about

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

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Lima Peru

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21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

13shy

4-6 weeks after pollination and ripened for 2-4 weeks at room temperature before seed extraction

The berries will be crushed and fermented at room temperature for 48 hrs before seed separation

The seed will be soaked for 10 min in a 05 solution of sodium hypochlorite followed by rinsing

The seed will be dried at 20 Cand stored over silica gel Before use the seed will be soaked for 24

hrs in GA (concentration 1000-2000 PPM) to break the dormancy as described by other researchers

(4355576263)

Germination tests will be performed in Petri dishes on lots of 100 seed for each genotype using four

replications Seeds will be placed on a filter paper and moistened with 5 ml water Seedling

emergence tests will be conducted in a greenhouse in wooden trays containing soil and sand 11

ratio by planting 20 seed per genotype in randomized complete block design replicated four times

The rows will be 30 cm x 6 cm Plant emergence will be evaluated up to 20 days Fresh and dry

matter accumulation of seedlings cut at soil level will be determined about 20 DAP Velocity of

germination will be calculated (57)by the equation

Coefficient of velocity (CGV) - 100 x A + A2 - A

AIT 1 + A2T2 -- Aj

When A - number of seeds germinated and

When T - days from sowing corresponding to A

c Two field experiments will be conducted one each for the lowland and highland tropics by using

two well adapted potato genotypes (Piratini and CIP 3813799) There will be two trellises

ireatments and three nitrogen treatments (0 150 and 300 kg Nha) The experiment will be split-split

plot with four replications Plants will be grown with 16 hrs photoperiod in rows 6 m long with

1 m spacing between rows and plants Insecticides and irrigation will be given as needed Berry

collection seed extraction drying storage and dormancy breaking procedures will be as described

above in item (b) The seed will be tested at one 3 and 6 months after extraction for germination

coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling vigor in a separate experiment with four

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

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13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

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J60245-259

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23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

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46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

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53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

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24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

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63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

14

replications as described in item (b) above

d For this objective OP-TPS duced in items (b) and (c) will be utilized Three seed priming

treatments will be imposed on each type of seed By running preliminary experiments optimum

concentration of priming treatments will be determined for use as part of the experimental

treatments Pre-sowing (priming) treatments will comprise of GA (1500 PPM) soaking for one day

KN03 + K3PO4 at - 10 MPa for five days and just water rinsing of TPS (control) About 100 seeds

per treatment will be placed on Whatman paper in Petri dishes and soaked in the respective

solutions 5 ml per dish The primed seed lots will be again dried separately at about 15 C for two

days Further these dried seeds will be stored five more days over silica gel at room temperature

before initiation of tests Percent germination coefficient of velocity of emergence and seedling

vigor will be determined as described in other reports (555763)

e Potato seed tubers produced in item (a) in the HLT will be planted in the LLT by following practices

as previously described (22) These seed tubers after storing in cold storage and at room

temperature will be used in successive croppings that is two crops a year Dormancy releasing

chemicals such as rendite arid bromoethane will be used before planting if needed

f Seedling tubers will be produced in raised nursery beds by using locally produced TPS romten

genotypes Farm yard manure sand and soil are mixed to construct raised beds which are provided

slight shade during early stages of seed germination About 400 seeds m2 are planted and fter

germination are thinned to 70 plants M2 Details for raising of seedling tubers were previously

described (18) Using these seedling tubers (G) replicated field trials will be conducted in the LLT

in successive cropping without seed renewal

g For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube grovih flowers will be harvested every other day

over three weeks aiound 800 am brought to the laboratory and held for 1 hour at room

temperature before the pollen is removed and tested Pollen viability will be determined on pollen

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

samples taken from single flowers using the in viro germination test described earlier (3638) In

brief 14 ml of freshly prepared germination medium containing 20 cc-lactose (wv) and 50 ppm

boron pH 52 are placed in 35 mm petri plates Pollen from single flowers is spread over the

surface of the medium by touching the anthers of the flower for 2 seconds with a mechanical

vibrator The plates are covered and held in an incubator at 27 C Viability is determined by

scoring percent normal and total (normal plus abnormal) germination at 2 hours from initiation of

germination using aDiaphot-TMD inverted microscope (Nikon Image Systems Columbia MD) and

a light source from a halogen lamp A pollen grain is considered to be germinated when the length

of the pollen tube reached the diameter of the grain or longer Each determination consisted of

counting about 600 pollens by examing 8 to 10 locations in a series of parallel traverses across the

petri plate that contained the sample under test

About forty potato genotypes will be evaluated for female and male fertility in replicated field trials

Pollen fertility will be determined by following the procedure of Abdul-Baki and Haynes (36) as

described under (g) Female fertility will be determined by the presence or absence of fruit 3-4

weeks after flowering Both male and female fertile genotypes with known performance will be

grown in a greenhouse under 16 hrs photoperiod and will be intercrossed using coirirolled

pollination Emasculation will be done prior to pollen dehiscence and pollen from the male parent

will be placed on the stigma and the flower cluster will be tagged with parentage Upon ripenig

berries will be collected for seed extraction and preparation for subsequent planting Seed from such

hybridization will be evaluated in replicated field trials for yield uniformity and tuber conformation

The resulting best female fertile and male fertile combination will be used in TPS production by

natural cross pollination This TPS will form the basis for seedling tuber production IG) and

subsequent evaluation

Experiments will be conducted using potential potato genotypes under irrigated conditons during the

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

16

dry season Replicated trials of potato and maize intercropping will also be conducted The cultural

practices and techniques were described earlier (1822)

8 Time-Phased Plan of Work

Note Three months lead time will be needed Mr Akimanzi will supervise HLT research Dr Adipala will

advise two graduate students involved in this research proposal and conduct research in the LLT assisted

by tvo technicians and hired help

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

Period

Oct 1993 - Dec 1993

Jan 1994 - June 1994 First Rainy Season (Potato Crop I)

July 1994 - Dec 1994 Second Rainy Season (Potato Crop II)

Jan 1995 - June 1995 First Rain Season (Potato Crop Itt)

July 1995 - Dec 1995 (Potato Crop IV)

17-

Activity

Planning and organizing phase securing potato germplasm placing orders for equipment buying chemicals and supplies and obtaining TPS from CIP

HLT - Expts for adapted germplasm evaluation effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production effect of trellises and suppiemental nitrogen on TPS

LLT - Expts to determine effect of photoperiod and altitude on TPS production plant Atlantic and Coastal chip and others in a greenhouse to confirm female fertile and male sterile and female sterile and male fertile characters

HLT - Repeat all above expt from first rainy season produce seedling tubers (G) from TPS LLT - Repeat all expts from first rainy season prouuuce seedling tubers (G) from TPS Initiate tuber degenerative studies and seed priming vigor and quality work continue lab work for identifying genotypes with female and male fertility and sterility Make selective crosses between female fertile amp male fertile genotypes

HLT - Production of TPS seed multiplication for adapted genotypes production of more seedling tubers (G) from TPS testing G seedling tubers Testing of G tubers in 5 on-farm trials LLT - Plant second crop for degenerative studies plant seedling tuber (G) crop carry on seed priming seed quality work testing G tubers in 5 on-farm trials Plant male sterile and female fertile Atlantic and other male fertile and female sterile genotypes in the field to obtain hybrid seed Carry on lab identification studies for female and male fertility sterelity Evaluate hybrid TPS produced in selected crosses

HLT - TPS production from promising germplasm for LLT seedling tuber (G) production testing of G and G2 seedling tubers on the farm and 10 on-farm trials

LILT - Germination and seedling vigor studies field testing hybrid TPS produced from Atlantic as the female parent identification of male sterile and female fertile and female sterile and male sterile genotype through in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth Hybrid TPS production by using Atlantic as femal fertile and male sterile type Data analysis Manuscript preparation and publication

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

18 9 Logistic Feasibility and Requirements for Implementing the Research

This research will be conducted at the Highland Crop Research Center Kalengyere and at the Makerere

University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo Recently both the research centers were renovated and

rehabilitated from the damage suffered during the civil unrest of 1980s through a grant from USAID to Ohio State

University with Fort Valley State College as the sub-contractor The author of this research proposal Dr A S

Bhagsari representing Fort Valley State College was the Technical Advisor to Crop Science Dept at the Makerere

University Highly motivated young scientists recently trained in the US are available to carry out the research

with small incentive pay to augment the low salaries The equipment and supplies needed will be provided through

this grant Main items to be purchased are two refrigerators one microscope one small diesel engine and a water

pump with flexible plastic hoses to set up irrigation for multiple (three crops a year) potato cropping potato

dormancy releasing chemicals (rendite) and hormones (GA3) These items are available in Kenya or may be shipped

from the U STransport will be available from the pool of vehicles donated by USAID when the gra1t terminates

in June 1993 The CIP scientists were very helpful in sharing potato cultivar and TPS germplasm with our team

during my stay in Uganda This project will be self sufficient and no burden to USAID mission in Uganda

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

19

VIII Budget Information

Item Description Host Country US

A Compensation Allowances amp Wages a Professor (Student Advisor) National potato leader two MSc

students and seed production specialist ($20000 per month for each five persons for 24 months)

$24000

b Two technicians at $150month 24 months $7200

c Labor 4 persons per day at $300 each for 100 weeks $6000

d Contract labor (field preparation) $2000

e Personal salaries 10 time (Dr Bhagsari) (24 months) Technician 10 time (Greenhouse potato seed production)

$11000 $4000

B Travel (Host Country Scientist) to the US a One visit each by one student (working on breeding) amp Professor

$6000

b Travel within host country $2000

c (US Personnel) One visit for germplasm arrangments 2 visits for crop planning management amp one visit by Dr Haynes for supervising potato breeding work

$10000

C Fringe benefits 25 $3750

D Overhead 291 $4365

E Equipment

a One microscope Diaphot-TmD Nikon Image System and related items

$3000

b c

2 Refrigerators and 2 freezers

Diesel engine water pump amp flexicable hose for potato plot

irrigation and electrical materials

$3000 $2000

F Expendable supplies

a Potato seed fertilizer insecticide (Chemical GA3 amp Rendite)

$5000 $685

b Glassware bags paper bags $2000

c Computer time and fees $1000

d Publications $1000

Total $66200 $33800

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

20

Literature Cited

1 Ross H 1986 Potato Breeding- Problems and Perspective p 1-132 In W Horn and G Robbelen (Eds) Advances in plant breeding Supplement 13 to Jof Plant Breeding Verlag Paul Parey D-2000 Hamburg 1 Germany

2 Zaag D FVan der and D Horton 1983 Potato utilization in world perspective with special reference to the tropics and sub-tropics p44-58 jn W L Hooker (Ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

3 Mendoza H A 1989 Population breeding as a tool for germplasm enhancement Am Potato J66639-653

4 Swaminathan M S and RL Sawyer 1983 The potential of the potato as a world food p 3-4 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

5 Benoit G R C D Stanley W J Grant and D B Torrey 1983 Potato top growth as influenced by temperature Am Potato J 60 489-501

6 International Potato Center (CIP) 1983 Research for the potato in the year 2000 In W J Hook led) Proc Intl Congress 22-27 February 1982 CIP Lima Peru

7 Fahem M and A J Haverkort 1988 Comparison of the growth of potato crops grown in autumn and spring in North Africa Potato Res 31557-568

8 Manrique L A D P Bartholomew and E EEwing 1989 Growth and yield performance of several potato clones grown at three elevations in Hawaii I Plant Morphology Crop Sci 29363-370

9 Manrique L A G Y Tsuji G Uehara and R L Fox 1984 Winter and summer performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in isohyperthermic regimes Am Potato J 6141shy56

10 Midmore D J 1984 Potato (Solanum spp) in the hot tropics I Soil temperature effects on emergence plant development and yield Field Crops Res 8255-271

11 Horton D and R L Sawyer 1985 The potato as world food crop with special reference to developing areas p 1-34 In H L Paul (Ed) Potato physiology Academic Press Inc London (Ltd)

12 Nganga S 1964 The role of the potato in food production for countries in Africa p 63-68 S Nganga (ed) Potato development and transfer of technology in tropical Africa CIP

Lima Peru

13 Burton W G 1989 Propagation by true seed p 68-83 In W G Burton (Ed) The Potato Longman Scientific and Technical Longman House England

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

21

14 Couto FA A LC Sikka and SP R Weerasinghe 1983 The potato in the lower tropics p 5-10 Ln W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

15 Plaisted R L and R W Hoopes 1989 The past record and future prospects for the use of exotic potato germplasm Am Potato j 66603-627

16 Vos J 1992 A Case History Hundred years of potato production in Europe with special reference to the Netherlands Am Potato ) 69731-751

17 Cho L Jand W M Iritini 1983 Comparison of growth and yield parameters of Russet Burbank for a two-year period Am Potato J 60569-576

18 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato production from true potato seed p 46 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for tropical root crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

19 Acclerated food crop production strategy Uganda 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Manpo er for Agricultural development p 1-82 Kampala Republic of Uganda

20 Annonymous 1985 Traditional Crop development in Sub-Saharan Africa p 1-35

21 Agenceny for Internatonal Development (AID) Washington DC 1988 Uganda Agricultural Non-Traditional Export Promotion Program (ANEPP) p 1-72

22 Bhags3ri A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D R Akimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato germplasm for stress-tolerance at low elevations in Uganda p 33 Proc Ninth Symposium of the Intl Soc for Root Crops 20-26 Oct 1991 Accra Ghana

23 Golmirzaie A Ni and H A Mendoza 1988 Breeding strategies for true potato seed production CIP Circular Vol 161-8

24 Sadik S 1983 Potato production from true seed-present and future p 18-25 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

25 Mendoza H A 1987 Advances in population breeding and its potential impact on the efficiency of breeding potatoes for developing countries p 235-245 In G JJellis and D E Richardson (Eds) The production of new potato varieties technological advances Cambridge University Press Cambridge

26 Song B Q D Yu and P Van der Zaag 1987 True potato seed in China Past present and future Am Potato J64 321-327

27 Zaag Van der P B Susana Z Ganga and S Gayao 1989 Field evaluation of true potato seed progenies in the Philippines Am Potato J66109-117

28 Malagamba P 1988 Potato production from true seed in tropical climates HortScience 23495-500

3S

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

22 29 Jaworski C A S C Phatak S R Ghate and RD Gitaitis 1988 Cultural practices in useof true seeds of potato and screening of tuber-forming Solanum species under hot climatic

condition HortScience 23500-504

30 Weerasinghe S P R 1983 The potato for the hot humid tropics p 183-184 In W LHooker (Ed) Research of the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

31 Martin M W 1988 Cultural practices for using true seed in potato production under temperate climates HortScience 23505-510

32 Kidane-Mariam H M G C Arndt A C Macaso-Khwaja and S J Peloquin 1985Comparisons between 4Xx2X hybrid and open-pollinated true-potato-seed families Potato Res 2835-42

33 Macaso-Khwaja A C and SJPeloquin 1983 Tuber yields of families from open pollinatedand hybrid true potato seed Am PotatoJ 60645-651

34 Veilleux R E and P D Relf 1983 Seed-propagated potatoes Explorer vs 4X-2X AmPotato J60790-792

35 Arndt G Cand SJ Peloquin 1990 The identification and evaluatin of hybrid plants amongopen pollinated true seed familities Am Potato J 67393-404

36 Abdul-Baki A A and K G Haynes 1993 Male fertility of derived tetraploids of Solanumtuberosum from groups tuberosurn X Phureia-Stenotomum Am Potato J (In Press)

37 Pallais N 1987 True potato seed quality Theor Applied Genet 73784-792

38 Abdul-Baki A A 1992 Determination of pollen viability in tomatoes J Amer Soc Hort Sci117473-476

39 Wiersema SG 1986 A method of producing seed tubers from true potato seed Potato Res 29 225-237

40 Wiersema SG and RCabello 1986 Comparative performance of different-sized seed tubers derived from true potato seed Am Potato ) 63241-249

41 Accatino P 1979 Agronomic management in the utiliztion of true potato seed Preliminaryresults p 61-99 Intl Potato Center Report of the planning conference on the production of potatoes from true seed Manila Philippines

42 Martin M W 198 Field production of potatoes from true seed and its use in breedingprogramme Potato Res 26219-227

43 Martin M W 1983 Techniques for successful field seeding of true potato seed Am Potato

J60245-259

44 Risse LA CA Jaworski SC Phatak and SR Ghate 1984 Effect of storage temperature

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

23

and duration on quality and survival of potato transplants Am Potato J 61261-265

45 Berrios D and PMalagamba 1989 A comparison among alternatives for using true potato seed technology Am Potato J66506

46 Kidane-Mariam H M H A Mendoza and R0 Wissar 1985 Performances of true potato seed families derived from inlermating tetraploid parental lines Am Potato J 62643-652

47 Rowell A B EEEwing and RLPlaisted 1986 Comparative field performance of potatoes from seedlings and tubers Am Potato J 63219-227

48 Elango F 1986 The role of high soil tempertures in the damping-off of trie potato seedlings in the lowland tropics Trop Agric 6366-67

49 Hoang V T P X Liem V B Dan N D Dam N X Linh N V Viet P X Tung and P ander Zaag 1988 True potato seed research and development in Vietnam Am Potato J65 295-300

50 Fernandez B B A STumapon LV Duna N M Balanay JP Kloos and PVander Zaag 1988 On-farm evaluation of true potato seed in the Philippines Am Potato J65 457-461

51 Li J H 1983 Prospects for the use of true seed to grow potato p 17-18 In W L Hooker (ed) Research for the potato in the year 2000 Intl Potato Ctr Lima Peru

52 Upadhya M D K C Thakur A juneja and M S Kadian 1985 True potato seed production flowering quality and economics p 117-147 In Report of a planning conference Innovative Methods for Propagating Potatoes held at Lima Peru Dec 10-14 1984

53 Turner A D and E EEving 1988 Effects of Photoperiod night temperature and irradiance on flower production in the potato Potato Res 31257-268

54 Rahimi F R and C D Carter 1989 Prevention of flower abscision after pollinatin in Solanum tuberosum cv Katahdin Am Potato J6647-51

55 Pallais N and N Espinola 1992 Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage Am Potato J6985-93

56 Pallais N H Asmat N Fong and JSantos-Rojas 1989 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes I Stage of seed development Am Potato J66793-801

57 DAntonio V L and N A McHale 1988 Effect of storage temperature and extraction methods on dormancy and germination of true potato seed Am Potato J65573-581

58 Simmonds N W 1968 Prolonged storage of potato seeds Eur Potato J 11150-156

59 Barker W G and G R Johnston 1980 The longevity of seeds of the common potato Solanum tuberosum Am Potato J 57601-607

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

24

60 Howard H W 1969 The stoarge of true seeds of potatoes Eur Potato ) 12278-279

61 Howard H W 1980 Storage of true seeds of potatoes for 25 years Potato Res 23241-242

62 Simmonds N W 1962 Experiments on the germination of potato seeds I Eur Potato J 645shy61

63 Pallais N N Fong R Garcia and J Santos-Rojas 1990 Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes II Genotype dormancy and pre-sowing treatments Am Potato J 67109-119

64 Pallais N S Villagarcia N Fong J Tapia and R Garcia 1987 Effect of Supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight Am Potatoj 64 483-491

65 Dayal T R M D Upadhya and S N Chaturvedi 1984 Correlation studies on 1000-trueshyseed weight tuber yield and other morphological traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Potato Res 27185-188

66 Bhagsari A S R EWebb S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy photosynthesis stomatal conductance and yield of Solanurn tuberosum grown in a warm climate Am Potato J 65393-406

67 Zaag Van der P and A L Demagante 1987 Potato (Salanum spp) in an isohyperthermic environment I Agronomic management Field Crops Res 17 199-217

2f

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

25

Brief Resume of

Ajmer S Bhagsari Professor of Agronomy

School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs

Fort Valley State College

Formal Education

B S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1954

M S in Agriculture The Punjab University Chandigarh India 1957

PhD Agronomy (Crop Physiology) The University of Georgia Athens Georgia 1974

Teaching Experience

Taught undergraduate courses in Soils and Soil Fertility Irrigation and Soil Conservation Crop Production Farm Management Experimental Designs Crop Improvement and Crop Physiology Origin and Classification of Soil 1958-1966

Taught undergraduate courses in Origin and Classification of Soils Crop Improvement Crop Physiology Plant Physiology Principles of Agronomy IPrinciples of Agronomy II1977-1992

Taught Crop Physiology to graduate students and supervised thesis research for three students

Research Experience

Photosynthesis and water stress studies with emphasis on peanut soybean seet potato potato and cassava Multiple cropping and symbiotic nitrogen fixation identification of physiological traits related to yield harvest index of root crops in relation to canop photosynthesis

a Identification of potato germplasm for the lowland tropics in Uganda effect of trellises and

grafted vs nongrafted rootstock on passion fruit production

e Served as principal investigator for the formula funded projects

Completed 1 Development of Antidotes for the Soybean Herbicide metribuzin

2 1890 Regional Project RR-3 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency

7(

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

26

3 Project No GEOX-5309 Improvement of Sweet Potato Yield and Quality through Characterization of Physiological Parameters

4 Physiological Processes for Sweet Potato Improvement

Active 1 1890 Regional Project RR-5 Improvement of Soybean for Stress Tolerance and Biological

Efficiency

Research Grants 1 1985-87 Screening grain legume germplasm for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and efficient

Rhizobuim strains (Funded for $100000) Dominican Republic

2 1988 Irish potato An alternate cash crop for Georgia farmers (Funded for two years for $40000)

3 1989 Black C C R H Brown and A S Bhagsari Characterization of Photosynthetic assimilation process in cassava and other Manihot species (Funded for $100000) CIAT Columbia South America

International Research and Experiment Station Visits

Dominican Republic from August 1983 to May 1987 Visited Dominican Republic in connection with research on nitrogen fixation in grain legumes and introduced germplasm for peanut soybean dry bean and sweet potato

Visited New Zealand Kiwi Research and Experiment Stations in New Zealdnd Nov 27 to Dec 6 1985

India (a)Visited Hort Dept Indian Agric Res Institute New Delhi (2) Banglore Horticultural Research Station Dec 1985 Germany and Holland Attended International Horticulture Congress in Germany and visited vegetable horticulture and Dyke farming in Holland and small vegetable farm in Germany August 1985

Uganda Attended First African Soil Science Society Congress Dec 5-10 1988

Uganda Sept 1989 - April 1992 Technical Advisor to Crop Science Department Makerere University Kampala Uganda Taught undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy and crop science Conducted research on potato and passion fruit in the lowland tropics provided evaluation for the release of two potato varieties

Service

Involved in service activities at the college level School of Agriculture Home Economics and Allied Programs Agricultural Research Station Served on numerous committees presented current research to visitors organized Sweet Potato Harvest Festival for many years Helping some farmers to enhance soybean marketing and export

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

27

0

Awards

Certificate of Excellence in Research and Grantsmanship FVSC May 1989

Research citation from NAFEO and USAID - 1988

R D Morrison and F E Evans Outstanding Scientist Award from the 1890 Assoc of Res Directors 1992

Publications

A REFEREED IOURNAL ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Photosynthesis in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 31-5

2 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Translocation of Photosynthetically Assimilated C in Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 35-9

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Relationship of Photosynthesis to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Leaf Characteristics in Selected Peanut (Arachis) Genotypes Peanut Sci 3 10-14

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1976 Effect of Moisture Stress on Photosynthesis and Some Related Physiological Characteristics in Peanut Crop Sci 16712-715

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley R H Brown and H R Boerma 1977 Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Determinate Soybean Cultivars Crop Sci 17929-932

6 Bhagsari A S 1981 Relation of Photosynthetic Rates to Yield in Sweet Potato Genotypes HortSci 16 779-780

7 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1982 Photosynthesis and Photosynthate Partitioning in Sweet Potato Genotypes J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107 506-510

8 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1983 Effect of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather Leaf Fern HortScience 18189-191

9 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1986 Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlation with Leaf Area Crop Science 26127-132

10 Bhagsari A S 1988 Photosynthesis and Stomatal conductance of Selected Root Crops as Related to Leafage Crop Science 28902-906

11 Bhagsari A S R E Weble S C Phatak and C A Jaworski 1988 Canopy

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

28 Photosynthesis Stomatal Conductance and Yield of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm-Climate Am potato j 65393-406

12 Bhagsari A S and D A Ashley 1990 The Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield J Am Soc Hor Sci 115288-293

13 Bhagsari A S 1990 Photosynthetic evaluation of exotic sweet potato germplasm J Amer Soc Hor Sci 115634-639

14 Bhagsari A S 1993 Growth and Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Cassava in a Short-Season Environment Field Crops Res (under review)

B BOOK CHAPTERS

1 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1978 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Airazine Toxicity to Soybeans p 21-34 In F M Pallos and J E Casida (Ed) Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes Academic Press Inc New York

2 Bhagsari A S 1989 Physiology of Yield In Jones A (Ed) Fifty years of Cooperative Sweet Potato Research 1939-1989 National Sweet Potato Collaborators Group

C PROCEEDINGS

1 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and R Kanzikwera 1991 Potato productionfrom true potato seed Proceedings Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa (In Press)

D BULLETIN ARTICLES

1 Bhagsari A S and B A Phillips 1978 Screening of Herbicidal Antidotes for Soybeans Re Bull Fort Valley State College Fort Valley GA Vol 11 p 15-19

2 Sapra et al 1984 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency Photosynthetic Activity and Translocation of Photosynthetic Soybean Genetics Newsletter IIpp 62-79

3 Sapra et al 1986 Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Stress Tolerance and Biological Efficiency (c) Harvest Index and Seed Yield Efficiency Soybean Genetics Newsletter 13 186-197

4 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Harvest Index Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean as Related to Seed Size Soybean Genetics Newsletter 16133-136

5 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1990 Harvest Index and Related Characteristics of Small and Large Seeded Soybean Genotypes Soybean Genetics Newsletter 17109shy113

(7) y-

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

29

E ABSTRACTS

1 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 1615

2 Bhagsari A S and RH Brown 1973 Photosynthesis in Peanut Genotypes JAmer Peanut Res and Educ Assoc 5 194

3 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Selected Peanut Genotypes Georgia Agron Abstr 173

4 Bhagsari A S and R H Brown 1974 Photosynthesis of Wild and Cultivated Peanuts S E Peanut Farmer 12(2) 14

5 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley H R Boerma and R H Brown 1975 Photosynthesis Photorespiration and Diffusive Resistance in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 68

6 Bhagsari AS D AAshley and H R Boerma 1976 The Effect of Leaf Age and Sink Demand on Certain Physiological Responses in Determinate Soybeans Agron Abstr p 69

7 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1976 Herbicide Protectants for Soybeans 1 A Dexon-Triazine Interaction Bicentennial Meetings of the Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 52

8 Ashley D A A S Bhagsari and H R Boerma 1976 Photosynthesis and C-Photosynthate Translocation in the Field-Grown Soybean Cultivars During Reproductive Development Agron Abstr p 69

9 Phillips BA and A S Bhagsari 1976 Evaluation of Some Sulfonic Acid Derivatives as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity to Soybeans Agron Abstr p 95

10 Bhagsari A S B A Phillips and B P Singh 1977 The Effect of Phenylmercuric Acetate on the Diffusive Resistance of Field Grown Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 9

11 Singh B P B A Phillips and A S Bhagsari 1977 Nitrogenase Activity and Leaf Diffusion Resistance in Soybeans Effect of Soil Moisture Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p1

12 Phillips B A and A S Bhagsari 1977 Diazosulfonates as Protectants Against Atrazine Toxicity on Soybeans Symposium on Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes 1973 Nat Amer Chem Soc Meeting Abstr PEST -066

13 Bhagsari A S 1978 Study Herbicidal Antidotes for Crop Protection Research Symposium (ARD) Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

30

14 Bhagsari A Sand B P Singh 1978 Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenase Activity and Yield of Leaf Hair Isogenic Soybeans under Moisture Stress Agron Abstr p 70

15 Bhagsari A S and BPSingh 1978 Effect of Antitranspirants on Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Soybeans Georgia Agron Abstr No 21 p 6

16 Bhagsari A S and B P Singh 1978 Effect of Moisture Stress on Diffusive Resistance Nitrogenanse Activity and Yield of Soybeans Sou Assoc Agric Sci Abstr p 5

17 Bhagsari A S 1979 Evaluation of Herbicidal Antidotes for Weed Control in Soybeans World Soybean Research Conference-Il p 109-110

18 Bhagsari A S 1980 Weed Control in Soybeans with Metribuzin Antidoted with Activated Charcoal Weed Sci Soc Abstr p 28

19 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Growth Analysis of 20 Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15279

20 Bhagsari A S 1980 Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 15 279

21 Bhagsari A S 1980 Sweet Potato Dry Matter Accumulation Patterns third Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and Universities p 28

22 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1980 Screening Sweet Potato Genotypes for Photosynthesis Agron Abstr p 77-78

23 Bhagsari AS 1981 Study of Photosynthesis of Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 16 98

24 Bhagsari A S and S A Harmon 1981 Study of Morphological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotype -iScience 16288

25 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1981 Single Leaf Photosynthesis and its Correlations with Yield and Leaf Area Agron Abstr p 80

26 Bhagsari A S 1982 Biomass Production Potential and Photosynthetic Rate of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 17 p 156

27 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Effect of Leaf Size on Phutosynthesis and Production of Sweet Potatoes HortScience 17 p 157

28 Bhagsari A S and R K Abe 1982 Photosynthesis 4C-translocation and Photosynthate Partitioning as Related to Sweet Potato Yield XX 1st International Horn Congress Hamburg Germany p 1452

29 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1982 Crop Growth and Storage Root

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

31

Development in Sweet Potato Genotypes 4th Biennial Research Symposium Historically Black Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities p 25

30 Mathur D D and A S Bhagsari 1982 Effect of Light Intensity Temperature and Antitranspirants on Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leather-leaf Fern Hort Sci Vol

17 (section 2) p 371

31 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 18 p 172

32 Bhagsari A S D A Ashley and Arthur C Willis Jr 1983 Relation of Photosynthesis and C-Assimilate Translocation to Yield of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes Agron Abstr p 88

33 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops I Leaf Conductance and Photosynthesis HoriScience Vol 19 p 205

34 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis 1984 Physiology of Root Crops II Canopy Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning HortScience Vol 19 Section 2 p 110

35 Bhagsari A S 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Selected Soybean Genotypes and Their Parents World Soybean Research Conference Ill p 63

36 Bhagsari A S and Arthur C Willis Jr 1984 Photosynthetic Evaluation of Exotic Sweet Potato Germplasm ARD Symposium Dallas Texas p 28

37 Bhagsari A S A Essel J Polanco and J I Kirkwood 1984 Current Cropping Patterns and Future Prospects for Improvement in the Dominican Republic Agronomy Abstr p 53

38 Bhagsari A S 1985 Physiology of Root Crops III Effect of Leaf Age on Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance HortScience 20 p 655

39 Bhagsari A S 1985 Effect of Leaf Shape on Photosynthesis and Phytomass of Sweet Potato HortScience 20 p 581

40 Bhagsari A S 1985 Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning for Selected Cassava Genotypes Agronomy Abstr p 76

41 Bhagsari A S R EWebb C A jaworski and S C Phatak 1986 Photosynthesis and

Pholosynthate Partitioning of Solanum Tuberosum Grown in Warm Climate

HortScience 21 p 697

42 Bhagsari A S 1986 Comparative Photosynthetic Efficiency of Okra-Leaf versus Non-

Okra-Leaf Sweet Potato Genotypes HortScience 21 p 756

43 Yadava U L A S Bhagsari and R R Sharpe 1986 Influence of Phytohormone

Rootstock and Soil on Peach Leaf Gas Exchange Activities HortScience 21 p 895

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

32

44 Shoustari N H A S Bhagsari and M Latimore 1986 Response of Soybean Genotypes and Rhizobium Strains to different Soil PH Agronomy Abstr p 188

45 Bhagsari A S 1987 Effect of Plant Population on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Sweet Potato HortScience 22 p 1113

46 Bhagsari A S and H LBhardwaj 1988 Comparative Growth and Yield of Selected Determinate Soybeans Abstracts of Technical papers SAAS Agronomy Division p 6

47 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1988 Physiological Characteristics of Selected Sweet Potato Genotypes as Affected by Age and Plant Density HortScience 23 p827

48 Bhardvaj H L and A SBhagsari 1988 Evaluation of Irish Potato as a Short-Season Crop HortScience 23 p 829

49 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari and D A Dillard 1988 Evaluation of an Exotic Rapeseed (Brasica compestris var toria) as a Short-Season Crop Agronomy abstr p 122

50 Bhagsari A S and H L Bhardwaj 1989 Relationship of Physiological Traits with Yield in Sweet Potato Cultivars HortScience Abstr p 88

51 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1989 Soybean harvest Index in Relation to Yield ARD-Eight Biennial Research Symposium October 7-1 1 1989

52 Bhagsari A S M Latimore D Rengifro L Tejeda and D A Ashley 1989 Evaluation of Grain Legume Germplasm for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Agronomy Abstr p 50

53 Bhardwai H L and A S Bhagsarl 1990 Soybean harvest Index as Related to Yield Seed Size Plant Architecture and Economic Value Paper presented at Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 21-26 San Antonio Texas

54 Bhardwaj H L A S Bhagsari and K G Hayes 1990 Characters Associated with Yield Stability of Irish Potato Genotypes in Georgia HortScience 251173

55 Bhardwaj H L and A S Bhagsari 1991 Evaluation of Soybeans for Speciality Uses Annual Meeting of American Society of Agronomy Oct 27 - Nov 1 1991 Denver Colorado

56 Ssebuliba J M A S Bhagsari and C Nakawuka 1991 Variations in harvest Index of Cassava Genotypes Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

57 Bhagsari A S L Sikka JM Ssebuliba and D RAkimanzi 1991 Evaluation of Irish Potato Germplasm for Stress-Tolerance at Low Elevations in Uganda Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

33

Africa

58 Sikka L A SBhagsari JM Ssebuliba and RKanzikwera 1991 potato Production From True Potato Seed Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops Oct 20-26 Accra Ghana West Africa

59 Bhardwaj H Land A S Bhagsari 1991 Effect of Seed Tuber (source) on Potato Production in Georgia HoriScience 26775

60 Bhagsari A Sand 0 S Otim 1993 Effect of Trellis Types on Yield and Quality of Passion Fruit To be presented at the 90th meeting of the Amer Soc Hort Sci Nashville July 24-29 1993

61 Bhagsari A S and J M Ssebuliba 1993 Evaluation of Potato Germplasm in the Lowland Tropics To be presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Potato Assoc of Amer Aug 8-12 1993 Madison Wisconsin

q7

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

Kathleen G Haynes Research Plant Geneticist

Vegetable Laboratory

US Departnient of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Rducational Backround

1978 BS in Biology LeMoyne College 1981 MS in Plant Breeding North Carolina State University 1985 Master of Statistics North Carolina State University 1986 PhD in Plant Brooding North Carolina State University

Research M rience

1978shy1980 Research Associate North Carolina State University

1987shy

present USDAARStVegetable Laboratory Beltsville Maryland

Professional Scientific Activities

Member American Genetic Association Member American Society for Horticultural Science

Member BLometrics Society

Member Crop Science Society of America Member Potato Association of America Member Gama Sigma Delta Member Sigma Xi Chair of the Breeding and Genetics Section of the PAA Member of the Finance Comittee of the PAA Secretary of NE 107

P1ubliains

1 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1983 Stability of high specific gravity genotypes of potatris under high temperatures Am Potato J 6017-26

2 Haynes KG FL Haynes and WH Swallow 1987 Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures Am Potato J 6435-40

3 Haynes KG rL Haynes and WH Swallow 1988 Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes HortScience 23562-565

4 Haynes KG and FL Haynes 1988 The effect of day and night temperatures on bud initiation and flowering in diploid potatoes Am

Potato J 65589-596

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

35

1988 5 Owen HR RE Veilloux 7L Haynes and KG Haynes

Variability for critical photoperiod for tuberizatLon and tuber yield

J Amer monoploid anther-derved genotypes

of Solanum iphureia among Soc Hart Sci 113755-7S9

1988 Owen HR RE Veilleux FL Haynes

and RG Haynes6

Photoperiod effects on 2n pollen production response to anther culture

hureja Am and net photosynthesis of a diplandrous

clone of Solanum

Potato J 65131-139

FL Haynes and WR Henderson 1989 Heritability of 7 Haynes KG

specific gravity of diploid potato under high temperature growing

Crop Science 29622-625conditions

RE Webb RW Goth and DR Wilson 1989 The

8 Haynes EG correlation of yield and specific gravity

in the USDA potato breeding

Am Potato J 66587-592program

Goth RW JR Shumaker RE Webb DR Wilson R Moore LL Sanford

9 Nemarus A golden nematode resistant

russet-skin and KG Haynes 1989

Am Potato J 66703-707potato variety

Selection for tuber characters can199010 Haynes KG and FL paynes

maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population

HortScience 25227-228

1990 Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid

11 Haynes KG 3 offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses

of Solanum tuberosum L

Heredity 81208-210

1991 Estimation of 12 Haynes KG WE Potts and MJ

Camp

preferential pairing in tetraploid x diploid hybridizations Theor Appl

Genet 81504-508

1991 Correlation of yield and specific 13 Haynes KG and DR Wilson

gravity in a tetraploid potato tuberling population Am Potato J

68355-362

EG Haynes and TH Barksdale 1991 Improvement of levels 14 Goth RW Plant Disease

of bacterial wilt resistanca in eggplant through breeding

75398-401

15 tialseth DE JB Sieczka DD Moyer RW Goth RE Webb DR

Wilson KG Haynes and WC Mehlenbacher 1991 Castile a multipleshy

purpose high-yieldLng full-season golden nematode resistant potato

Am Potato J 68453-459variety

Some aspects of inbreeding in derived tetraploids of

16 Haynes KG 1992 J Heredity 8367-70potatoes

Covariance between haploid-species hybrid and

17 Haynes XG 1992

Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Lolanum tuberosu

L J Heredity 83119-122

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

36

Adipala Ekwamu Department of Crop Science

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Makerere University

P 0 Box 7062 Kampala UGANDA

Educational Background

1939-1965 Primary education at Kaberemaido and Kakure P7 Schools

1965 Obtained Grad A in Primary Leaving Examination

1966 Soroti College Obtained Junior Leaving Certificate Grade A

1967-1970 Secondary Education at Namilyango College

1970 Obtained East African Certificate of Education 5 Distinotions 3 Credits

1971-1972 Higher School education at Namilyango College

1972 Obtained the East African Advanced Certificate of Education 2 Principals 3 Subsidiaries

1973-1976 Undergraduate studies at Makerere University Kampala Uganda

1978 Awarded BSc (Agriculture) degree Upper Second Divison

1976-1980 Postgraduate studies Makerere University

Academic and Research Awards

1978 IDNO (Ormada) Fellowship for MSc studies at Makerere University

1985 FAO Fellowship to study seed radiation technology at the Atomic Energy Centre Viena Austria

1988 Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation Fellowship to study intercropping at

The International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi

1988-1992 USAIDMFAD Fellowship for PhD study at The Ohio State University

1991 Rockefeller Foundation African Internship Fellowship for research on northern leaf bight

disease of maize in Uganda

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

37

Publications

1 Adipala E 1980 Disease of finger millet in Uganda MSc Thesis Makerere University 189

PP

2 Adipala E 1989 Host range Morphology and Pathogenecity of the genus Pyricularis in

Uganda E Afr Agric For J 54 (3)101-105

3 Adipala E 1990 The optimal spray regime for the control of important diseases of finger

millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J55 (3)87-93

4 Adipala E 1992 Variation in field populations disease development and yield losses

associated with Exeerohilum turcicum in Uganda PhD Thesis The Ohio State University 158 pp

5 Adipala E 1993 Seedborne fungi of finger millet (Elausine coracana L Gartn) E Afr Agric

For J 58 (3) (in press)

6 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1991 Reaction of corn lines from Uganda to

Exeerohilum turcicum (Abstr) Phytopathology 811146

7 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 occurrence of Exeerohilum turcicum on

maize in Uganda Plant Dis 77202-205

8 Adipala E Lipps P E and Madden L V 1993 Reaction of maize lines from Uganda to

Exeerchilum turcicum Phytopathology 83217-223

9 Adipala E Taken J P Mukalere Z and Okoboi A 1993 The effect of intercropping maize

with finger millet on Physoderma maydis and exserohilum turcicum infections E Afr Agric

For J68 (3) (in press)

10 Adipala E and Mugerwa J S 1992 Effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

fertilization on the yield and chemical composition and Amaranthus hybridus subspecies hybridus (Greenhead) E Afr Agric For J (in press)

11 Adipala E and Mukiibi J K 1992 Determination of the optimal time to start and to stop

spraying against important fungal diseases of finger millet in Uganda E Afr Agric For J (in press)

12 Ekwamu A 1991 Influence of head blast infection on seed germination and yield

components of finger millet (Eleusine coracana LGaertn) Tropical Pest Management 37122shy123

13 Ekwamu A Lipps P E and Pratt R V 1991 Reaction of 150 OHS10 S lines to

Exeerohilum turcicum race 1 Agronomy Abstr Annu Meeting 1991 pp 92

14 Elobu P and Adipala E 1993 Prevalence of finger millet diseases in Kaberamaido

subcounty Uganda Uganda J Agric Sciences (in press)

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

38

Clement Rogers Kanzikwera Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station

Educational Background

Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (Honours) - Lower Division-Makerere University 1976

Concurrent diploma in Education-Makerere University 1976

Appointments

Graduate Teacher 1 July 1976

Agricultural Officer 1 July 1979

Scientific OfficerAgronomist 1 July 1990

Positions Held

Head of Agriculture Department-Nyakasura School (1977-1979)

Agricultural OfficerExtension and Deputy District Agricultlural Officer-Rukungiri (1980-1983i

Agriculutral OfficerPotato Extension-Kabale District (1983-1985)

Agricultural Officer in charge of Kisoro sub-District and potato extension (1986-1989)

Scientific OfficerAgronomist Kalengyere Research Station (1990-1993)

Main Duties Executed

1 Extension supervision and training 2 Management of potato variety trial centres 3 Potato germplasm management 4 Potato variety development 5 Agronomic research on potato 6 Deputy Director Kalengyere Research Station 7 Head Potato Programme Kalengyere Research Station 8 Compilation of research reports

Courses and Conferences Attended

1 The 18th International Potato course on potato production and post harvest technology April-July 1989 Wageningen The Netherlands

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993

39

2 Workshop on the production post-harvest technology and utilization of potato in the warm tropics 23-27 July 1990 Redult Mauritius

3 Virology and Tissue Culture Course 6-9 August 1990 Ruhengeri Rwanda

4 1st National Scientific Conference December 1990 Kampale Uganda

5 Seed multiplication course through farmers-International Potato Centre Region III 18-23 June 1990 Kabale Uganda

6 Course on diseases of potato and sweet potato-MOA MFAD USAID CIP-Region III 19-22 November 1990 Kabale Uganda

7 Potato production course (Resource person) 7-11 September 1992 Mityana Uganda

Publication and Papers Presented

1 Kanzikwera R C 1975 Nutrient requirements of Carnations (Dianthus caryophillus)

2 Kanzikwera R C 1989 Potato production in Uganda-Presented at the International Agricultural Centre Wageningen The Netherlands June 1989

3 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Recent developments in potato improvement in Uganda

4 Sikka L C and Kanzikwera R C 1990 Evaluation of solanum potato genotypes for wider adaptability and resistance to late blight inUganda

5 Kanzikwera R C at al 1990 True Potato Seed development in Uganda

Current Status

Member of the African Potato Association Undertaking MSc Programme ending June 1993