Age of ExplorationAge of ExplorationGreat Muslim Empires & Great Muslim Empires &

Europeans Take to the SeasEuropeans Take to the Seas

Ottoman Empire (Location) – Ottoman Empire (Location) –

Original – Original – AsiaAsia MinorMinor

Expanded to Expanded to Southwest Asia, Southwest Asia, Southeastern Southeastern Europe (Balkan Europe (Balkan Peninsula), and Peninsula), and North AfricaNorth Africa

Ottoman Empire (Characteristics)Ottoman Empire (Characteristics)

Capital at Capital at IstanbulIstanbul Used Islam as a unifying forceUsed Islam as a unifying force Traded in coffee and ceramicsTraded in coffee and ceramics

Mughal EmpireMughal Empire

North North IndiaIndia

Mughal Empire (Characteristics)Mughal Empire (Characteristics)

Spread Islam into IndiaSpread Islam into India Taj MahalTaj Mahal Europeans set up trading outposts in Europeans set up trading outposts in

India (British East India Company)India (British East India Company) Influence of Indian Influence of Indian TextilesTextiles on the on the

BritishBritish

European Trade with AsiaEuropean Trade with Asia

Crusades introduced Europeans to Crusades introduced Europeans to luxuryluxury goods from Asiagoods from Asia

Silk Road Silk Road and other trade routes and other trade routes enabled goods from Asia to reach Europeenabled goods from Asia to reach Europe

Mongol Mongol Empire provided the Empire provided the organization and structure necessary organization and structure necessary to maintain the trade routes between to maintain the trade routes between Europe and AsiaEurope and Asia

In addition, goods were sent to In addition, goods were sent to Western Europe from merchants in Western Europe from merchants in ConstantinopleConstantinople (major trading (major trading center in the Byzantine Empire) center in the Byzantine Empire)

Problems/MotivesProblems/Motives

European trade with Asia was European trade with Asia was disrupted by the Black Death and the disrupted by the Black Death and the decline of the Mongol Empiredecline of the Mongol Empire

Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks (Istanbul)Turks (Istanbul)

Muslim and Italian merchants Muslim and Italian merchants controlled the majority of the trade controlled the majority of the trade between Europe and Asia (middle between Europe and Asia (middle men)men)

Direct AccessDirect Access

Europeans wanted Europeans wanted direct access direct access to to Asian products/markets Asian products/markets European European powers searched for a new route to powers searched for a new route to Asia that did not include Asia that did not include Mediterranean region Mediterranean region

Gold, Glory, and God (Google Gold, Glory, and God (Google Images)Images)

Gold – richesGold – riches Glory – landGlory – land God – spread religionGod – spread religion

Improved TechnologyImproved Technology

Cartography – created more accurate Cartography – created more accurate mapsmaps and sea charts and sea charts

AstrolabeAstrolabe – used by sailors to – used by sailors to determine their latitude at seadetermine their latitude at sea

Compass – a device for determining Compass – a device for determining directiondirection

Cortez Cortez

SpainSpain Conquered the Conquered the

AztecsAztecs in Mexico in Mexico

PizarroPizarro

SpainSpain Conquered the Conquered the

IncasIncas in Peru in Peru

ColumbusColumbus

SpainSpain Discovered Discovered

AmericaAmerica

Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama

PortugalPortugal First to sail around First to sail around

Cape of Cape of Good Good HopeHope

MagellanMagellan

SpainSpain First to First to

circumnavigate the circumnavigate the globeglobe

DrakeDrake

EnglandEngland RaidedRaided Spanish Spanish

treasure shipstreasure ships

CartierCartier

FranceFrance Explored the St. Explored the St.

Lawrence RiverLawrence River

Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the Navigator

PortugalPortugal Encouraged and Encouraged and

supported supported exploration exploration ((schoolschool for for explorers)explorers)