The wheat stripe rust pathogen in Iran and achievement of resistant

wheat cultivars over last 10 years

F. Afshari, K. Nazari, M. Aghaei, G. Najafian, M. Esmaeilzadeh, A. Yazdansepas, M. Khodarahmei, A. Amini, R. Roohparvar, M. Hashamei, A. Malihipour and M. Patpour

Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran

2IWSRS, Izmir, Turkey 28Apr-1May. 2014

Important Wheat Diseases

• Stripe rust (North, West, Center)• Leaf rust (North, South)• Stem rust (North)

• Fusarium (HB) (North)• Powdery Mildew (North)• Septoria (North, South west)

Wheat Disease and Breeding for Resistance Project in Iran(SPII)

Pathogen: Tracking, Surveillance, Epidemiology and Pathotyping (using of Geographical Information Service and Greenhouse facilities)

Host:Screening of Resistance source (wild and relatives), Cross and evaluation of F gen., PWSN, PRWYT, ARWYT and Elite germplasm in seedling and AP stages

Contribution:with ICARDA, CIMMYT, FAO and BGRI

1986

1993

1991

1991

1994

1995

Yr9 Virulence

Stem rust race Ug99

Uganda 1998-99

Kenya 2001

Yemen 2006

Iran 2007

Ethiopia 2003

YR2010

YR 2013

Table 1: Locations and yellow rust pathotypes (races) identified in Iran

No. Location Race No. Location Race

1 Gonbad 4E0A+

15 Karaj Ahvza.3 Ahvza.4 Lar.1 Mogan.2 6E142A+

2 Joyem Lar 4E4A+ 16 Bye Kola 6E148A+

3 Maneh.1 4E8A+ 17 Mogan.3 6E150A+ 4 Sari 6E0A+ 18 Mogan.4 Mogan.5 6E158A+ 5 Islam Abad.1 6E2A+ 19 Garakhil.3 6E174A+ 6 Garakhil.1 6E4A+ 20 Bojnord.2 38E66A+

7 Garakhil.2 , Malayer Araghimahaleh Darab.1 6E6A+

21 Bojnord.3 134E4A+

8 Hamadan Zargan 6E22A+ 22 Mashhad 134E6A+

9 Darab.2 6E44A+ 23 Yazd.1 Yazd.2 134E130A+ 10 Gorgan 6E78A+ 24 Yazd.3 Torogh 134E142A+ 11 Islam Abad.2 6E128A+ 25 Maneh.2 134E150A+ 12 Gazvin.1, Gazvin.2 6E130A+ 26 Gachsaran 166E30A+

13

Ahvza.1, Dezful.1, Bojnord.1 Dezful.2 Ahvza.2 6E134A+

27 Lar.2 166E134A+

14 Mogan.1 6E138A+

28 Sari 230E142A+, Yr27+

Race analysis of wheat yellow rust pathogen in 2009-10

Mashhad Gorveh Sanandaj Sararod Sari Moghan Zarghan GorghanKhoram

abad

6E0(8)A+ 66E0A+ 70E14A+

6E8A+, Yr27+

70E10A+,Yr27

82E0A+,Yr27

66E0A+, Yr27

70E0A+, Yr27

70E10A+, Yr27

Old cultivar Reaction

Chamran 70MS

Shirodi 70MS

Shiraz 70MS

Pishtaz 30MR

Tos 100S

Shahriar 100S

Marvdasht 20MR

Dez 70MS

Mahdavi 90S

NickNejad 20MR

Darab2 60MS

Atrak 60MS

Tajan 70MS

Falat 90MS

Gods 100S

Hyrmand 50M

Alemoot 90S

Zarrin 50MS

Alvand 40M

Kavir 70S

Yr Pst. Yr27+

• Base on our national rust surveillance in 2004 (Virulence for Yr27) in South & West of IRAN (Fars and Kermanshah).

• Test of wheat genetic materials in Zarghan was done.

• Over last 10 years 13 resistance wheat Cvs. for different climate of Iran are released.

Gene/s Sr (Ug99)

Lr Yr (Yr27)

Pedigree Cultivar

Unknown R MR R PRL/2*PASTOR

Sirevan

Unknown M MR R ZHONG ZUO/2*GREEN-3

Behrang

Unknown M MR R Atila50Y/Atila/Bacanora Chamran2 Unknown R M M F-gy54/Attila

Ofoug

Sr2,Yr30 Yr9/Lr26/S

r31

MS M R ATRAK/WANG-SHUI-BAI

Gonbad

Unknown MS MR R Kauz"S"/Azd or KAUZ(SIB)/(AZD)AZADI

Sivand

Sr2+, Yr30

R MR R Dove"S"/Buc"S"//2*Darab1 or DOVE(SIB)/(SIB)BUCKBUCK(M-84-17)//2*DARAB

Parsi

Sr2+,Yr30 Yr18/Lr34

R M R Milan/Sha7 or MILAN/SHANGHAI-7

Morvareid

Unknown MS MR R Bkt/90Zhong87 (Sister line)

Pishgam

Yr18/Lr34 MS MR R 130L1.11//F35.70/MO73/4/YMH/TOB//MCD/3/LIRA

Zareh

Unknown MS MR R Alvand//Ns732/Her

Urom

Unknown MS MR R Barkat/90Zhong87 (Sister line)

Maihan

Sr2,Yr30 M MR R HD160/5/Tob/Cno/23854/3/Nai60//Tit/Son64/4/LR/Son64

Aflak

Conclusion remarksRust surveillance, race analysis, molecular genetic diversity at national and regional levels

• Using GIS, preparing crop calendar for targeted regions

•Searching for new sources of resistance genes and building up the genetic basis of resistance

• Timely communication and exchange data among the rust networks

•Regional traveling workshops and special training on rust monitoring

• Breeding for high yielding durable resistant cultivars using APR minor genes/ molecular markers

• Big challenge of replacing susceptible cultivars with resistance

Acknowledgment

• SPII, AREEO-Iran

• ICARDA

• CIMMYT

• FAO

• BGRI

Thank you