African Dairy Conference

Alain RéocreuxMember of the National Masitis council

Member of the American Dairy Sciences AssociationInternational Development Manager Olmix

• FEED & FOOD SECURITY

• FEED & FOOD SAFETY

• GI - GO

Simples applications of

Nanotechnologyin

dairy production• Alain Réocreux

African International Poultry Summit France

3 Products fromNanotechnology

• Mistral : Management tool « World Award »

• M TX+ : mycotoxines

•M Feed : Alternative aux Antibiotiques

How to increase milk productionat the farm level.

In quantity and in quality

to supply the processing plant with a better raw material

• What farmers can do ?

• What the milk plant can do ?

Milk bacteriologic quality improvment

at the farm level

Good Farm Management Practices

More milk sold

Better milk quality

From CALF to COW

• The calf is the dairy cow of tomorrow

• Cow’s life is very dependant on calf rearing

7

From CALF to COW Calving pen :many problem can start there

- umbilical cord

- metritis

- mastitis

8

Calf rearing Calf diarrhoea

- 10% cases pathogens

- 90% cases management

Calf rearing

FEEDING :

MUST BECOME A RUMINANT

Hay or Straw

Concentrate

To HELP the calf to digest better

From CALF to COW

Feed efficiency better in young age

help calf to digest

in younger age

Calf rearing

FEEDING :

MUST BECOME A RUMINANT

Concentrate

WE MUST HELP CALF TO DIGEST

THIS TOP QUALITY CONCENTRATE

- Fiber : boost rumen development

- help protein , starch ….to break down into Amino

acids, sugar…

Calf rearing

FEEDING :

Rumen development

- rumen FLORA

- Mycotoxins have a very negative effectson protozoa and bacteria flora

Calf rearing

FEEDING :

GUT development

- Mycotoxins such as DON, Aflatoxines , Fumonisins

- damage the gut epithelial

- building and damaging are not good friends

Somatic Cells Count at

the farm level

Mastitis : the most costly disease for a dairy farmer。

Losses due to Mastitis

150 – 300 $／cow／year

Drug traitement

labor costs

Discarded Milk ( not sold)

Reduced milk production

Premature culling

Loss Milk production

1997’trial with 1 200 herds ：

Somatic cell count: between 400 000 and 200 000

somatic cell count.

1 000 kg/cow/year。

3 L/day during lactation。

nearly 1 $ / day/ cow 。

Loss of milk production:

Lactating cows

• Good feeding (balance + hygiene of the feed)

• Good milking practices

• Good bedding management to reduce risk of mastitis and SOMATIC CELLS

– Between milking period 80% of the risk ( environental mastitis )

Sources of infection

• Two types of Mastitis:

Pathogenic mastitis:

Environmental mastitis:

Daily

1 Hour

Daily12 Hours

20%

80%

Good Bedding Management 1/5

Good Bedding Management 2/5

Good Bedding Management 3/5

Reduction of bacteria

on the floor

Faculty of Veterinary Sciences of Bangkok Thaïllande（Chulalongkorn University ）

Dr. Vivat Chavananikul

First step : remove dungs

Drying is better than washing

We can not reduce temperature ( udder)

Farm management : the solution

to limit the organic materials in bedding, and also,

to get rid of the moisture in the bedding。

Organic M

Moisture

Temperature

When one of those three elements is

missing bacterial growth is reduced!

Bacteria to grow require:

Good Bedding Management 4/5

Good Bedding Management

Somatic Cells detected

at the farm

•1 – 2 – 3 TEST

Somatic Cells detected

at the farm

Somatic Cells Count and

Milk Porcessing industry

Effects of Somatic Cells on milk collected and processed

• At the processing plant

• At the store

• For the consummer

Effect of Somatic Cells on yoghurt

• SCC negative effects

– Lower industrial

yield

– Reduced shelf life

Effects of Somatic Cells

• IMPORTANCE OF THE MILK QUALITY RECEIVED AT THE PROCESSING PLANT

Effect of Somatic Cells onmilk processed

• Prevention of mastitis

• Reduction of somatic cells

• are the KEYS for HIGH MILK QUALITY products

• This takes place at the farm level

Effects of Somatic Cells

• Protein breakdown takes place in the udder of the cow beforemilking

• Extensive dammage to milk casein is already done in the udder prior milking if the cow has a somatic cell over 300 000

Effect of Somatic Cells on milk collected

• Pathogens responsible of somatic cells and mastitis enter in the udder via the teat canal

– When the cow lies down ( + 12 hours/day )

– During milkings

Effect of Somatic Cells on milk collected

• Importance of hygiene

– During milking

–Between milkings ( control of the bedding surrounding the udder and bacteria pressure at the teat end)

TAKE HOME

MESSAGES

Milk quality : 1 calving / cow / year • Good feeding ( balance + hygiene of the feed)

• Good milking practices

• Good bedding management to reduce risk of mastitis and SOMATIC CELLS

• Good HEAT DETECTION :

–Silent heat

–False heat

–Short cycle

–Long cycle

–Abortion

Main mycotoxines in US (9 yrs)

Straws : mycotoxin RISK

Why Zearalonone is phyto-oestrogenic

15 months Scientific trials on 7 farms

in France operated by a major AI center

7 farms

596 cows

15 months

Identical groups

« 7 farms without problems of mycotoxins »

Emmanuel Pruvost, Bangkok, 31st October 2009

4: Results

1 cocktail in 100% of the analysis

Individually:contaminations always < to the EU recommendations for ruminants

Coherent values with other studies (Driehuis and Giffei, 2005)

Trial conditions :

Contamination from the ration to the trough (mg/kg of MS)

« a cocktail of mycotoxins in every rations to trough »

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

14,3% 54,8% 57,1% 100,0% 83,3% 100,0% 66,7% 38,1%

HT-2 TOXIN 15 ACETOXYSCIRPENOL NIVALENOL DON 15-O-ACETYL-DEOXYNIVALENOL ZEARALENONE FUMONISINE B1 FUMONISINE B2

Mycotoxin and frequence of detection per analysis

Averag

e c

on

tam

inatio

n o

f t

he r

atio

n

(m

g/k

g D

M)

farm n°1 farm n°2 farm n°3 farm n°4 farm n°5 farm n°6 farm n°7

Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day

Reproduction : significant reduction of silent heat

« + visible heats »0

20

40

60

80

100

120

medium visible

Mmi group

Control group

Seaweeds : a natural & safe ingredient

Amadeite™, the origins to his industrial applicationsAmadeite® , combining Clay + seaweeds extracts

Opening of the interlayer spaces allowing

the entrance of the big size mycotoxins in the structure and

their binding by adsorption..

AMADEITE ACTS IN THE GUT TO AVOID TOXINS TO ENTER IN BlOODSTREAM

NO YES 2005 european research , patented

A wide spectrum of adsorption

Amadeite® works LIKE A FILTER + MAGNET

Yeast cell walls Diatomaceous earthMontmorillonite

+ +

=

Spectrum of Activity

AFLATOXINS

OCHRATOXINS

ZON

DON

FUMONISIN

T-2

CLAYS

YEAST CELL WALL

Cyclicity of cows

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

returns < 19

days

returns > 25

days not

multiple of 2

cycles

returns multiple

of 2 cycles

% o

f ret

orn

s

Mmi group, o of returns:

173

Control group, no of

returns: 183

Reproduction: « - false heats and cycles + regular »

ns: (P= 12%)

ns: (P= 12%)

ns: (P= 35%)

28/09/2015 57

Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day Reproduction:

« For every AI, the success is improved »

% de réussite des IA

34.5%

42.6%

40.5%

38.1%

31.8%

40.0%

31.1%

34.3%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

% réussite 1ère IA % réussite 2ème IA % réussite 3ème IA % réussite toutes IA

% d

e ré

uss

ite

par

lo

t et

par

n°

d'IA

lot testé

lot témoin

596 toutes IA296 IAP 188 IA2 109 IA3

Reproduction:

« Metritis less frequent »

Métrites observed by farmers

12%

19%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

% o

f D

C a

ffe

cte

d b

y t

his

pa

tho

log

y

MMi group

lot témoin

138 VL

en

lactatio

141 VL

en

lactatio

Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day

Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day Milk production:

Standard milk (kg/day for 38 of TB and 32 of TP)

« 1 variable effect depending on ranges »

More Milk , SAFER Milk

M TX+ : MYCOTOXINES

New Generation Nanotechnology

Easy application at the farm or added at the feedmill( (smaller farmers ) ( higher price,limiting access to villages)

Top Dressing at the farm

Somatic Cells in milk andHuman Health

• Possible connections between SCC in bovine milk and human health

IN CONCLUSION

Mycotoxins under control

Economic losses

Also applicable in poultry

Mtx+ Proven efficiency

67

Experimental design 2,400 Red-Tilapia

Allocated in 2 treatments:

1control group: Commercial Feed

1 Mtx+ group: Commercial Feed+ 0,1% Mtx+

3 replicates/ treatment.

During 2 months (18/08/11 to 17/10/11)

Data monitoring Water parameter

Daily mortality

Pathogens are smarter than we think

Antibiotic Year of market introduction Apparition of first resistances

Sulfamids 1936 1940

Penicilline G 1943 1946

Streptomycine 1943 1959

Chloramphenicol 1947 1959

Tetracycline 1948 1953

Erythromycine 1952 1988

Ampicilline 1961 1973

Ciprofloxacine[5] 1987 2006

Failure to tackle drug-resistant infections

• lead to at least 10 million extra deaths / year

• cost the global economy up to $100tn by 2050,

• according the Jim O’neill, chairman of the review into antimicrobial resistance (AMR) appointed by the U.K. government.

Failure to tackle drug-resistant infections

Ladies and Gentlemen

• We have the knowledge ( researches , computers, mobiles= easy access)

• We have the responsabolity to advise farmers whosometimes have not had the chance to get access to education as we did .

• Our RESPONSABILITY IS ENGAGED

Thank you for your attention