Advances in Camouflage Science and Engineering Santos Textile Finishing... · Advances in...
Transcript of Advances in Camouflage Science and Engineering Santos Textile Finishing... · Advances in...
Advances in Camouflage Scienceand Engineering
“Textile Finishing for Thermal IR Signature
Reduction”
March 15, 2016
IOM3 - London
Gilda Santos
Ana Barros
Augusta Silva
Patrícia Ferreira
CITEVE Group
Textile Technology and Advanced Materials Campus
Testing
ProductCertifications
R&D + Innovation
SustainableProduction
Consulting
New Businesses
Training & Coaching
Fashion & Design
InternationalConsulting
| BRASIL | TUNISIE | ARGENTINA | PAKISTAN | CHILE | INDIA || PORTUGAL
CITEVE - Technological Centre for
the Textile and Clothing Industry of Portugal
CITEVE worldwide
Markets
Anual figures
60.000 laboratory tests +250 standards 500product certification 30 R&D on going projects 100full time staff 50.000 training hours 1.000active clients
Testing Services
• Quality control
• Product Performance Assessment
• Lab management consultancy
Lab facilities• physics and comfort
• chemical & human ecology
• electronic microscopy (SEM)
• metrology
• microbiology/cytotoxicology
• industrial Laundry performance
• product performance evaluation
• fire/heat• rain protection• thermal/confort• static electricty
Brands’ accreditations
National & Intern. Acreditations
Acreditations
Product & Process certification
• recognisingperformance & value
Product & Process Engineering Services
• R&D
• Consulting
• New Product Development
• Prototyping
• Scale up
• Sustainable production
• Process efficiency
Pilot Plants Facilities
• coating
• laminating
• deying & finishing
• digital printing
• 2D e 3D knitting
• clothing manufacturing
Sustainable Production
• Energy Auditing
• Water and Energy footprint
• Material Resource efficiency
• Recycling
• REACH compliance
• STEP Certification
• LCA
• Textiles Biodegradability
Training & coaching Services
• Made to measure training/coaching
• technological up-grade & specialization
• educational & training materials
• “On Job” training
• Theoretical + Practical
• Textiles From A to Z
Innovation Management
• innovation management systems
• IPR management
• project and proposal building
• project management
• benchmarking
• partners search
Design & fashionIntelligence Services
• fashion intelligence
• fashion trends services
• product concept & design
• stand design
• product-consumer-market match
• labelling & packaging
Smart Retail
• RFID solutions
• Virtual product simulation
• Portable Body Scanning
• Smart Fitting Room
• Pilot Shop
New Business, New Markets
• Product communication
• Technology Scouting
• Technology intelligence
• Market intelligence
• Internationalization
• Trade fairs missions(*)
(*) In Partnership with
International Consulting
• Lab plan, Implementation and accreditation
• Technology Roadmap definition and follow up
• Inter-laboratorial trusting
• Training (Lab techniques, nanotech, technical textiles, functional materials, …)
• Networking
EDA PROJECTS
ACCLITEXSYS
ACCLIMATIZATION TEXTILE SYSTEM
ACCLITEXSYSAclimatization Textile System for the Soldier
• Thermoregulatory System for Hot and Cold Environments
ACAMS
ADAPTIVE CAMOUFLAGE
ACAMSAdaptive Camouflage for the Soldier
• Turnable poncho based in Thermochromic pigments
LIVEST
SOFT BODY ARMOUR WITH FABRICS USING RASCHEL TECHNOLOGY
LIVESTUltralight Weight bullet-proof Vests
• Protection Vest Against bullets
PROSAFE
CBRN PROTECTION AND SELF DECONTAMINATION
PROSAFENext Generation of Protection Garments
Against Warfare Agents
• Protection Garments Against Warfare Agents
Filter Sensing and Photo-degradation
Carbon Quantum dots (QD)
Textile Finishing for Thermal IR Signature Reduction
PERMACMILITARY
CAMOUFLAGETHERMAL
SIGNATURERESEARCH
LINESEXPERIMENTAL
WORKCONCLUSIONS FUTURE WORK
PERsonal Microclimate Active Control - Intelligent protection
clothing system for soldiers that enables thermal auto regulation.
Exploitation and Analysis
of the problem
Solutions
Prototypes Development
Tests and Validation
In colaboration with
Portuguese Army
http://pt.scribd.com/doc/20980569/Modern-Camouflage-Techniques
“Concealment of an object or a being to prevent or delay the recognition of their true nature”
[http://www.infopedia.pt/diciope.jsp?dicio=15&Entrada=Camuflagem]
In nature, any added advantage brings greater chances of survival.
Military Camouflage
http://sistemadearmas.sites.uol.com.br/index.html
With the technological progress each day is easier to detect the soldier…
The same happens in war environments
Military Camouflage
ENERGY = RADIATION
Any body emits radiation
Any object is formed by atoms that continuously vibrate, generating a contínouos radiationemission
(%) - emissivity of a body (temperature T)
- emissivity of a black body (temperature T)
Radiation incident on the body
When radiation is incident on a body, it absobs it, transmits it or reflects it
Eincident = Eabsorbed + Etransmitted + Erefleted
Incident
Absorbed
Transmitted
Reflected
Emitted
Military Camouflage
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
VISUAL SIGNATURE THERMAL SIGNATURE
Military Camouflage
Capture reflected radiation
Capture emitted radiation
DETECTION DEVICES
Rogalsky, A., et al, Infrared Devices and Techniques , Institute of Applied Physics, Varsóvia, Polónia (2002)
Military Camouflage
Rogalsky, A., et al, Infrared Devices and Techniques , Institute of Applied Physics, Varsóvia, Polónia (2002)
Em
itância
(W/m2.sr.µm
)
Wave lenght (µm)
Stephan-Boltzmann Law
W = ε α T4
Protection against Thermal signature:
-Reduction of Emissivity
-Decrease of Temperature
THERMAL EMITTANCE
Thermal Signature
To reduce thermal signature:
Metallization
Bioceramics
Cenospheres
Research lines
METAL FILM DEPOSITION
To reduce the emissivity ofthe surface
To provide thermalinsulation(used in sportswear clothing)
Research Lines
BIOCERAMICS
http://www.rgihealthcare.com/cerafit.html
To provide thermalinsulation
Use of bioceramic compounds:-Membranes (with some breathability)-Pigments ( textile finishing process)
Reflection of body heat
Research Lines
Most recently used in sportswear Clothing for regulation of bloodmicrocirculation when in contact with the body
CENOSPHERES
http://www.usnrenergy.com/products.htm
Hollow alumina silicate particles
That can be covered by silver in orderto provide:
Thermal insulation(like ceramic particles)
Radiation reflection(by the silver)
Research Lines
Cheap material (waste from coal burning stations) with potential application in the printing process, after being coated
Metal Film Deposition
Breathability
Emissivity
Tests Performed
Experimental Work
Substrates:
Metal Film Deposition
Fabric raw Camouflage PrintedFabric
BioceramicMembrane
Testing of substrates: Metal film deposition (Aluminium)
Method: PVD – Physical Vapor Deposition
Equipment: MDS – Multifunction Deposition System
Metal Film Deposition
Experiments were conducted varying the number of “coater” turns
Testing of substrates: Breathability
B
Method: ISO 11092
Equipment: Skin Model – Sweating Guarded Hot Plate
Evaporative Resistance
B
Sample Nº Sample
1 Raw Fabric
2 Camouflage printed fabric
3 Metallised Camouflage fabric
(1 coater turn)
4 Metallised Camouflage fabric
(2 coater turns)4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
1 2 3 4
Ret
(m2.P
a/W
)
Evaporative Resistance
Ret (m2.Pa/W)
Sample Nº
Results: Breathability
Evaporative Resistance
Method: ASTM C1371-04a
Emissivity
Equipment: Emissometer
Results: Emissivity
Sample Nº Sample ε
1 Raw fabric 0,79 ± 0,01
2 Camouflage printed fabric 0,80 ± 0,01
3 Fabric with bioceramic membrane 0,80 ± 0,02
4 Metallised camouflage fabric (1 turn) 0,82 ± 0,01
5 Metallised camouflage fabric (2 turns) 0,82 ± 0,01
Emissivity
Conclusions
‒ According to the results, the metal film depositiontechnique is a solution to consider in order to reducethe thermal signature.
‒ The increased evaporative resistance and consequentreduction of breathability are not significant.
Future work
‒ Check effect on thermal insulation with a prototype inthermal manikin and also with infrared camera.
‒ Improve the Physical Vapor Deposition usingMultifunction Deposition System (substrate porosityneeds further analysis).
‒ Test other processes and technologies for obtainingmetal surfaces (use of metallized membranes, metallizedyarns,...)
“TEXTILE FINISHING FOR THERMAL IR SIGNATURE
REDUCTION”
Acknowledgement
This study was made possiblethanks to a PortugueseConsortium (CITEVE, DAMEL andAST) within a QREN / COMPETEProject in cooperation with thePortuguese Army.
“TEXTILE FINISHING FOR THERMAL IR SIGNATURE
REDUCTION”
Thank you for your attention!
Gilda Santos
www.citeve.pt