Advanced Needs Statements
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Transcript of Advanced Needs Statements
Advanced Needs Statements
How Data and Research Can Strengthen Grant Proposals
4th Annual Funding Resources ConferenceOctober 22, 2008
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Goals for Workshop
Understand the role of data and research in proposals
Learn four strategies to strengthen your needs statement
See some specific examples
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Needs Statements
Invitation to the Funder
Opportunity for the Agency
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Invitation to the Funder to …
Engage with us in caring about our clients
Take action through funding
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Opportunity to the Agency to …
Create solid building blocks for your program
Present a strong, compelling proposal
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Role of Data and Research
Old View – Nice but not necessary
Current View – Foundation for your program, strategies, outcomes, and evaluation
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Four Strategies
Be as specific and local as you can
Present your data so that it is easy to follow
Use research for additional data and to justify your model
Help the reader follow your argument and draw the right conclusions
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Strategy #1: Specific and Local Data
Geographic Area
Target Population to be Served
Extent of Need Among the Target Population
Other Compelling Factors
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Specific/Local Data: Geographic Area
Type of area – urban/rural
Population – size, race/ethnicity, age
Land size (square miles)
Location
# of …. abandoned buildings, parks, liquor stores, grocery stores, farmers’ markets, recreation centers, businesses
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Specific/Local Data: Target Population Size
Race/ethnicity
Age
Location/residence
Core values/beliefs
Behaviors
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Specific/Local Data: Extent of Need
Number of target population who face the problem
Lack of services to address the program
Trends e.g. increasing rates of the problem
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Specific/Local Data: Other Compelling Factors Poverty
Unemployment rates
Literacy rates
Rate of teen pregnancies
Single parent households
School drop-out rates
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Example: Geographic Area
Detroit is the largest city in Michigan and has a predominantly African American population. Many of its residents, particularly its children, are poor.
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Example: Geographic Area
Detroit, a city of approximately 836,000 people, is mostly African American, while the surrounding communities are predominantly White. One-third of its residents and nearly half of its children live at or below the poverty level.
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Example: Geographic Area
Located in Wayne County, Detroit spans 139 square miles, bounded by the Detroit River on the south and east and stretching north to Eight Mile Road and west to Telegraph Road. The city is home to approximately 43% (836,056) of Wayne County’s 1,966,909 residents. Its racial composition and poverty status are drastically different than Wayne County and neighboring Oakland and Macomb Counties, as noted below.
Population African American
White Hispanic Poverty: Individual
Poverty: Family
Detroit 836,056 82% 11% 6% 31% 27%
Wayne County 1,966,909 41% 52% 5% 20% 16%
Macomb County
820,599 6% 89% 2% 9% 7%
Oakland County 1,200,531 12% 80% 3% 7% 5%
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Example: Target Population
The proportion of older persons living with HIV has continued to increase.
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Example: Target Population
In just six years - from 2000 to 2006 - the proportion of older persons living with HIV/AIDS in the region had increased from 14% to 27% of all persons living with HIV/AIDS. The number of HIV+ older adults living with HIV/AIDS had nearly tripled as well, from 857 to 2,205 in that same five-year period (MDCH, 2006).
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Example: Compelling Need
A high number of persons with HIV will experience some type of mental health problem.
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Example: Compelling Need
A 2005 study of adults receiving care for HIV found that nearly half screened positive for a mental health disorder. Over 33% screened positive for major depression and 25% screened positive for a less severe form of depression called dysthymia. The proportion of people in this study who screened positive for mental health disorders was considerably higher than those in the general population (see Figure 3 below).
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Exercise
Children in our community need places to play.
List the kinds of data that could support this statement.
Re-write it using (fictional) data.
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Strategy #2: Easy-to-Follow Data
Tell a story with your data ...
Cluster the data
Set the context by going from “big to small”
Use a variety of charts and tables for data, and narrative for explanation
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Cluster the Data
Put related data together
Create threads that tie each cluster together
Health Data- Overweight- Diabetes- Sexually transmitted diseases
- MEAP tests- Drop out rates- Suspensions
Access to Services Data- Health clinics- Recreational facilities- After-school programs
School Data
Example: Youth Program
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Go From “Big” to “Small”
Example: Mental Health Services for HIV+ Youth
Overall mental illness in the community
Rates of mental illness among youth
Rates of mental illness among youth with HIV
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Use Charts and Tables
XXXXXX Funding By Source: 2002 - 2008
$0
$1,000,000
$2,000,000
$3,000,000
$4,000,000
$5,000,000
$6,000,000
$7,000,000
$8,000,000
$9,000,000
$10,000,000
% Change 8.90% 5.87% -8.15% -16.59% 7.84% 3.41%
Total 1 $676,717 $736,963 $780,212 $716,602 $597,700 $644,567 666,538
% Change 7.78% -7.27% -1.23% -0.16% -38.67% -16.05%
Total 2 $3,429,708 $3,696,369 $3,427,813 $3,385,645 $3,380,311 $2,073,152 1,740,345
% Change 1.78% 1.13% 2.76% -1.18% 26.92% 0.00%
Total 3 $4,257,451 $4,333,198 $4,382,256 $4,503,416 $4,450,466 $5,648,743 5,648,743
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
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Use Charts and Tables
Services Percent Needing but Unable to Access
Food 43%
Dental Care 37%
Emergency Financial Assistance
32%
Legal Services 29%
Support Groups 28%
Mental Health Services 23%
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Use Charts and TablesClinic Location Services
Herman Kiefer Family Health Center
1151 Taylor Street
Detroit, MI 48202
Dental
Adult Medicine
Healthy Kids Medicaid Enrollment
Pregnancy Testing
Family Planning/Birth Control Services
WIC Food Supplement Program
Social Work
MDCH Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program
Grace Ross Family Health Center
14585 Greenfield Road
Detroit, MI 48227
Pediatrics
Healthy Kids Medicaid Enrollment
Immunizations
Pregnancy Testing
Family Planning/Birth Control Services
Prenatal Care
Focus: HOPE Food Supplement Program
WIC Food Supplement Program
Social Work
Northeast Family Health Center
5400 East 7 Mile Road
Detroit, MI 48234
Pediatrics
Healthy Kids Medicaid Enrollment
Immunizations
Pregnancy Testing
Family Planning/Birth Control Services
Prenatal Care
Focus: HOPE Food Supplement Program
WIC Food Supplement Program
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Strategy #3: Use Research
Journal and other articles
Best practice and model programs
Original research
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Journal and Other Articles
Provide additional evidence to support your need.
Example:
Despite the prevalence of mental disorders among older adults, research shows that the stigma of having a mental illness has gotten worse, not better (SAMHSA, 2005).
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Journal and Other Articles
Example:
Several studies have found that many older adults who commit suicide have visited a primary care physician very close to the time of the suicide – 20% on the same day, and 40% within one week of the suicide (American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2004).
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Journal and Other Articles
Useful when local data is not available.
Example: There is a serious national shortage of mental health professionals with adequate training to meet the mental health, substance abuse and psychosocial needs of a growing aging population and their family caregivers (Policy Committee of the White House Conference on Aging, 2005).
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Journal and Other Articles
Example from Business Journal:
Michigan lost 80,000 jobs in 2007, and was the only state in the union to see both a drop in median household income and an increase in its poverty rate during that time.1
iFlesher, John. “Incomes rise in Michigan, but more in poverty.” Crain’s Detroit Business August 26,2008
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Journal and Other Articles
Example from Scientific Journal: The average cost of Interferon for treatment of Hepatitis C is $20,000/year.i i “Benefits, Risks and Cost-effectiveness of Early Hepatitis C Treatment Uncertain.” July 8, 2003. <www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/strocy.php?article_id=673>
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Best Practice
Researched and/or sanctioned by funders (e.g. SAMHSA, CDC)
Tied to specific populations or specific situations (e.g. Hispanic women)
NOTE: Program modification might or might NOT be allowed
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Original Research?
Tied to your program
Linked to your need
Examples: Counting the number of burned out street lights or
abandoned buildings in a specific area Walking tour of neighborhood to assess physical
conditions of sidewalks Surveying older adults who attend the senior center
about their access to physical exercise
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Use of Client Stories?
Make the data come alive
Can be descriptions of typical clients, or comments scattered throughout
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Strategy #4: Help the Reader ….
Follow your argument using the opening sentence of each paragraph
Draw YOUR conclusions by explaining the meaning of the data
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Help the Reader ... Follow Your Argument
Example: The proportion of older persons living with HIV has continued to increase.. The most recent trend data, available for all persons currently living with HIV/AIDS in Michigan, show that in just six years, from 2000 to 2006, the proportion of older persons living with HIV/AIDS had increased from 14% to 27% of all persons living with HIV/AIDS. The number of HIV+ older adultounty has 54% of all cases of older adults being diagnosed, it is safe to assume that this increasing proportion of older adults living with HIV is taking place in Wayne County as well. This increases the likelihood of infection among the older heterosexual population because, despite stereotypes, older adults (including those infected) continue to engage in unprotected sex.
The impact on older Minority women is considerable.. Women comprise approximately 25% of older persons with HIV/AIDS, but African American women carry a disproportionate burden. A total of 1,938 persons age 50 and older were living with HIV/AIDS in Wayne County as of 1/1/2008; 522 (27%) were women. Of these, 89% are African American while only 42% of Wayne County’s population is African American. Combined, African American and Hispanic women comprise 91% of HIV/AIDS cases
.
Minority women are dying of HIV/AIDS at higher rates than any other group. With widespread use of effective antiretroviral therapy since 1995, HIV-related mortality has dropped for all four major race/gender groups. From 1995 to 1998, white men, white women and Black men all saw sharp declines in death rates (72%, 83% and 55% respectively) while Black women experienced only a 35% decline. There have been sizeable declines in deaths over the last several years (2000 – 2004) among white women (50%) and Black men (40%) yet Black women have only seen a slight decrease in HIV death rates (8%) (MDCH, 2006).
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Help the Reader ... Follow Your Argument
Example (continued) There is no research published to date on how older Minority women define HIV risk. As a result, the particular aspects that enter into their risk-related decision making are unknown. Studies have been done regarding perceptions of risk among older adults, showing that despite being sexually active, many older adults do not perceive themselves as at risk for HIV and as a result, do not use condoms or get tested for HIV (MDCH, 2006). In one study, almost 60% of older single women who have been sexually active during the past 10 years had engaged in sex without a condom.
This lack of understanding of how older Minority women make risk decisions is critical for effective prevention programs. Epidemiology data shows that Black and Hispanic women overwhelmingly acquire HIV from heterosexual sex. When taking into account known risk, plus those having heterosexual sex with a partner whose risk is unknown (presumed heterosexual risk), fully 78% of all Black women and 69% of Hispanic women in the Detroit area were infected from heterosexual sex (MDCH, 2006). Contrary to the stereotype that older women do not engage in sexual activity, Figure 4 below shows that 82% of women ages 50-59 and 70% of women age 60 and older are being infected via heterosexual sex, including presumed heterosexual risk Further, 25% of women ages 50-59 and 17% of those age.
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Help the Reader … Draw YOUR Conclusions
Example 1(a):
African-Americans are 14% of the state’s population and 23% of the region’s population yet they account for 68% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases. Their infection rate - 782.4 per 100,000 - far exceeds the rate of any other racial/ethnic group (White, Hispanic, and Other Races).
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Help the Reader … Draw YOUR Conclusions
Example 1(b): HIV/AIDS is devastating the African American community. African-Americans are 14% of the state’s population and 23% of the region’s population yet they account for 68% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases. Their HIV infection rate - 782.4 per 100,000 - far exceeds the rate of any other racial/ethnic group (White, Hispanic, and Other Races). In fact, the infection rate of African-Americans is over seven times higher than the rate for Whites and nearly three times higher than the rate for Hispanics.
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Final Thoughts
Avoid “street-light” research Be accurate Cite sources
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Thank you!