★AdvancedModulinos

brian d foyThe Perl ReviewYAPC::NA 2012

Files that work as programs and modules

at the same time

Unit testing

Code reüse

Distribution

# hello.pluse v5.10;

say 'Hello World!';

% perl hello.plHello World!

STDOUT

exit code

STDIN@ARGV

%ENV

$0

Starting

use v5.10;

run();

sub run {say 'Hello World!';}

% perl hello.plHello World!% perl -e 'require q(hello.pl)'Hello World!

# Hello.pmuse v5.10;

run() unless caller;

sub run {say 'Hello World!';}

_ _PACKAGE_ _

% perl Hello.pmHello World!% perl -MHello -e 1%

package Hello;use v5.10;

__PACKAGE__->run unless caller;

sub run {say 'Hello World!';}

_ _PACKAGE_ _

use Test::More;use Test::Output;

use_ok( 'Hello' );

stdout_ok( sub { Hello->run() }, "Hello World!\n", ... );

package Hello;use v5.10;

_ _PACKAGE_ _->run unless caller;

sub run { my( $self ) = @_; say { $self->fh } 'Hello World!';}

package Hello;use v5.10;...;sub fh { *STDOUT }

use Test::More;

use_ok( 'Hello' );

our $string;{open my $fh, '>', \$string;*Hello::fh = sub { $fh };}

Hello->run;is($string, "Hello World!\n");

package Hello;use v5.10;...;BEGIN {my $fh = \*STDOUT;sub fh { $fh }sub set_fh { $fh = ...;}}

use Test::More;

use_ok( 'Hello' );

open my $fh, '>', \my $string;Hello->set_fh( $fh );Hello->run;is($string, "Hello World!\n");

% perl hello.plHello World!% perl hello.pl ChicagoHello World!% perl hello.pl -m RahmHello World!% perl hello.pl < aldermenHello World!

Connect the command line to new()

% hello.pl -s Houston

use Hello;

my $app->new( input => $in_fh, output => $out_fh, message => $message, );

$app->greet;

?new()

sub run { my( $class, @args ) = @_; my %args = $class->process_args(@args); my $self = $class->new(%args); say { $self->fh } $self->message; }

sub process_args { require Getopt::Std; local @ARGV = @_; getopts('oim:', \my %opts);

$opts{'o'} //= \*STDOUT; $opts{'i'} //= \*STDIN; $opts{'m'} //= 'Hello World!'; # left over @_? my %args = map { $opts_map{$_} => $opts{$_} } keys %opts; }

$app->new( input_fh => $in, output_fh => $out, message => 'Hello World!' );

sub new { my( $class, %args ) = @_; my $self = bless {}, $class; foreach ( keys %args ) { # maybe more complicated $self->set( $_, $args{$_} ); }

return $self; }

Stopping

#!perl...;...;...;

exit(0);

sub run { my( $class, @args ) = @_; my $object = eval {

...;Result->new( code => 0 );} or $@;exit( $object->code );}

sub some_sub {...;die Result->new( code => 15 );...;}

sub run { my( $class, @args ) = @_; my $object = eval {

...;Result->new( code => 0 );};exit( $error_object->code );

}

Testing

run() unless caller;

UNITCHECK { if($ENV{TEST_HARNESS}){ __PACKAGE__->run_tests; } elsif( ! caller ) { __PACKAGE__->run; } }

Docs

UNITCHECK { if($ENV{TEST_HARNESS}){ __PACKAGE__->run_tests; } elsif($ENV{PERLDOC}){ __PACKAGE__->show_docs; } elsif( ! caller ) { __PACKAGE__->run; } }