Advanced Lighting Controls Winners and Losers

Dave Bisbee, CEM

April 9, 2014

Benefits

• Help customers sort fact from fiction

• Identify most promising technologies through direct, first-hand experience

• Avoid making major investments in technologies that don’t work.

Mission

“Work with researchers, customers, and others to develop, test, evaluate and promote new and underutilized energy efficiency technologies.”

Customer Advanced Technologies Program

Topics for Today

• Advanced Lighting Controls Program Overview

• What Are Advanced Lighting Controls?

• Winners and Losers

• Some Painful Lessons

• Final Thoughts

A Word from Our Attorneys…

The information, statements, representations, graphs and data included in this presentation are provided by SMUD as a service to our customers. SMUD does not endorse products or manufacturers. Mention of any particular product or manufacturer in this presentation should not be construed as an implied endorsement

US Department of Energy

Acknowledgement: “This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number OE0000214.”

Disclaimer: “This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect

those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.”

2010 - 2011: Three CAT program demonstration projects

• Wireless controls

• LED lighting fixtures

• Energy savings: 53 - 90%

• Demand savings: 50 - 60%

• Positive feedback from participants

• Simple payback: 10 to 15 years (OUCH)

Asked to assist Smart Grid Team in August 2011

ALC Program Overview Background Information

Advanced Lighting Controls Program (2012–2013)

• Customer incentives: $0.25 to 0.30 per kWh saved (calculated first year savings) up to a maximum of $300,000 per project, not to exceed 80% of the total cost of the project

• Savings and incentives calculated using SMUD’s Savings Calculation Spreadsheet

• SMUD Qualified Products List

• Results

19 projects completed (total cost: $2,606,751)

Total incentives: $1,560,569 (60% project cost)

Energy savings: 58 to 93%

Simple paybacks: 0.6 to 10 years (electric bill savings only)

ALC Program Overview Features/Results

ALC Program Overview Features/Results

Adura Technologies

Autani Corporation

Automated Logic

CAN2GO

Cloudbeam

Cooper Controls

Convia

Crestron

Daintree

Digital Lumens

Direct Digital Controls

Delmatic

Lighting Control and Design

Lumenergi

Lutron Electronics Co, Inc.

McWong Inc.

nLight (SensorSwitch, Acuity)

Philips Controls

Redwood Systems

Siemens

Synergy Lighting Controls (Acuity)

Trane

Universal Lighting Technologies

Wattstopper

Delta Controls

Encelium Technologies

Enlighted Inc.

EnOcean

Exergy

FMB

Greenworx

Honeywell

Ilumra

Johnson Controls

Kanepi

Leviton Manufacturing

The information, statements, representations, graphs and data included in this presentation are provided by SMUD as a service to our customers. SMUD does not endorse products or manufacturers. Mention of any particular product or

manufacturer in this presentation should not be construed as an implied endorsement

ALC Program Overview Companies Contacted (as of April 4, 2014)

Daintree Networks

Delta Controls

Digital Lumens

Encelium

enlighted

Lutron Electronics Co, Inc.

nLight (SensorSwitch, Acuity)

Synergy Lighting Controls (Acuity)

ALC Program Overview Qualified Products (as of April 4, 2014)

The information, statements, representations, graphs and data included in this presentation are provided by SMUD as a service to our customers. SMUD does not endorse products or manufacturers. Mention of any particular product or

manufacturer in this presentation should not be construed as an implied endorsement

1. Control Capabilities

2. Energy Tracking

3. Demand Response

1. Dimmable Lights (LED, Fluorescent, Metal Halide)

2. Motion / Daylight Sensors

What Are Advanced Lighting Controls? Basic Definition

Graphical User Interface (GUI) and control system with the following features:

1. Display the “real time” status of the lighting fixtures (i.e. on, off, dimmed mode, etc) overlaid onto a floor plan of the controlled space.

2. Modify operating schedules for the lighting fixtures within each lighting control zone via internal as well as external means (software interface, Internet, Smartphone, etc.).

What Are Advanced Lighting Controls? ALC Program System Requirements

Advanced Lighting Controls Program

This motion sensor is detecting people in this office

This fixture has been dimmed by the person working in this room.

These fixtures have been turned off

This motion sensor is not detecting people in this room. The sensor will turn off the lights once the time delay has been reached

Lunera 2’ x 2’ LED fixture (55 Watts max)

Graphical User Interface (GUI) features (continued):

3. Ability to measure, track and generate reports for the following parameters in each lighting control zone:

• Energy consumption (kWh)

• Electrical demand (kW)

• Estimated energy savings (compared to original lighting system)

• Estimated utility bill cost savings (compared to original lighting system)

What Are Advanced Lighting Controls? ALC Program System Requirements (cont.)

Advanced Lighting Controls Program

Graphical User Interface (GUI) features (continued):

4. Task Tuning: (limit fixtures to 80% of maximum output) for each lighting control zone via the software interface.

5. Adjust sensor setpoints within each lighting control zone via the software interface.

6. Automatic Demand Response “capable”

What Are Advanced Lighting Controls? ALC Program System Requirements (cont.)

• Winning applications:

save BIG energy, BIG dollars

and improve lighting quality

• Losing applications: save little energy and have very long paybacks

Winners and Losers It’s All About the “Apps”

What’s NOT ready now?

• Classrooms (i.e. elementary)

• Small projects (< 5,000 square feet)

• Office retrofits

Winners and Losers It’s All About the “Apps” (cont).

• Why?

– #1 reason: already relatively energy efficient

– Lighting fixture density is high (one fixture per 80 ft2)

– Labor and material costs are high to control relatively low wattage fixtures

– Fixture compatibility issues

– People factor: commissioning can be very tricky in occupied spaces

– Ceiling tiles often have to be removed…

Winners and Losers Losers: Office Retrofits

• Original Lighting System – Three-lamp fluorescent troffers (T8 / T12) – Manual wall switches (in board /outboard)

• New Lighting System – Redesign – 2 x 4 LED luminaires – 2 x 2 LED luminaires – LED downlights – Wireless controls – Sophisticated control strategies

• Results – 91% energy reduction – 73% demand reduction – Simple payback 9.9 years*

* Simple payback with research grant was 3.1 years

Winners and Losers Office Retrofit Case Study

• What is ready NOW?

– Parking garages

– Big box retail

– Industrial / Warehouses

Winners and Losers Winning Applications

• Why?

– Less luminaires per square foot (typically one fixture per 800 ft2)

– Lighting is designed prior to occupancy/product aisles

– No T-bar ceilings

– Scotopic/photopic

– Many areas with intermittent occupancy

Winners and Losers Winning Applications: Industrial & Warehouse

Blue Diamond Growers Distribution Center Case Study Results

Existing Lighting System

• 250 Watt MH fixtures

• 8,664 hours per year

• Controls: breaker panel

New Lighting System

• 160 Watt Dimmable LED

• Controls: Task Tuning + Motion Sensors

Lighting load profiles for pre-retrofit baseline, LED baseline, LED with task tuning and LED with task tuning and motion sensors.

Winners and Losers Blue Diamond DC Case Study Results

Winners and Losers Blue Diamond DC Case Study Results (cont.)

Project Cost: $257,000 Simple payback = 5.1 years* ($0.11 kWh) Simple payback with utility incentives = 1.8 years* *Very conservative – does not include refrigeration system savings

Winners and Losers Blue Diamond DC Case Study Results (cont.)

• Working with the Department of NO!

• Few control systems play nice together

• Adding controls to LED fixtures

• Cloud based servers & Silicon Valley start-ups

• It takes $$ to save $

• “Plug and Play”

• Pay attention to ballast curves

Winners and Losers Some Painfuls Lessons

Problem: the closed-loop daylighting sensors could not detect the floor

Winners and Losers Some Painfuls Lessons (cont.)

Contractor’s “solution”: added plates to mimic the ground!

Pay attention to fluorescent ballast curves!

70% 76%

Dimming ballast report: https://www.smud.org/en/business/save-energy/rebates-incentives-financing/customer-advanced-technologies.htm)

Winners and Losers Some Painfuls Lessons (cont.)

Some 0-10V ballasts have significant dead bands!

SMUD Dimming ballast report: https://www.smud.org/en/business/save-energy/rebates-incentives-financing/customer-advanced-technologies.htm

Winners and Losers Some Painfuls Lessons (cont.)

Think “systems” rather than “widgets” – Comprehensive analysis of the space

– Focus on applications with high energy use, high electric rates and maintenance challenges

– Leverage synergy between LEDs and lighting controls

– People factor

– Redesign along with lighting controls

Winners and Losers Final Thoughts

Some helpful hints for offices

– Consider using LED luminaires during major remodels or new construction projects

– Control ready luminaires (ZigBee®, WiFi or plug and play) should help reduce installation costs

– 2013 California Title 24 Energy Standards will require all most interior commercial lighting to be dimmable

Winners and Losers Final Thoughts (cont.)

Industrial / warehouse applications – Occupancy based controls with dimmable

LED drivers or fluorescent ballasts offer a lot of exciting control options

– Look for fixtures with integrated controls

– Try to bundle adjacent office spaces (or other spaces) as part of the overall project

– Redesign produces deep energy savings and lowers the cost of the new lighting system

Winners and Losers Final Thoughts (cont.)

ALC Program has been transferred to SMUD’s Custom Incentive Program

• Program will be operated by Commercial Products & Services Staff

– Custom incentives: $0.25 per kWh saved (calculated first year savings) up to a maximum of $100,000 per project (not to exceed 70% of the total project cost)

– Projects will follow the traditional custom incentive program application process and procedures

– Staff will use an updated version of the ALC Savings Calculation Spreadsheet to calculate incentives and savings

– Technical and project requirements will remain the same as the 2013 program.

• Energy Research & Development and Energy & Technology Center Staff will maintain the list of qualified products

Winners and Losers Final Thoughts (cont.)

Thank You!

Dave Bisbee

Dave.Bisbee@smud.org