Advanced LABVIEW

EE 2303

Overview Of Presentation

Introduction to Probability Keywords in Probability Sample Problems in Probability Overview of Experiment Summary

What is Probability???

Probability is a measure of “how likely an event is to happen”.

Mathematical Expression: Number of Favorable outcomes Total Number of possible outcomes

Example

Tossing a coin:

Probability of getting an HEAD= ½

Probability of getting a TAIL=1/2

KEYWORDS IN PROBABILITY

An experiment is any process that generates well-defined outcomes.

The sample space for an experiment is the set of all experimental outcomes.

An “Event” is an element of the sample space, any one particular outcome.

Tossing a Die

Events: Sample space:

11

22

33

44

55

66

S ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

SS•1

•3•6

•2

•4

•5

Some graphic screen captures from Seeing Statistics ®Some images © 2001-(current year) www.arttoday.com 

FACTS ABOUT PROBABILITY

• Permissible values for Probability: 0- 1

• Probability of an Impossible Event = 0

• Probability of Sure Event = 1

• Probability of Event not happening = 1 – probability (event happening)• Probability (“Event happening at least once) = 1- probability ( event not happening)

Sample Problems

Experiment: Rolling a die

Sample Space: S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

Probabilities: Each Event has a 1/6 chance of occurring.

Example

Toss a fair coin twice. What is the probability of observing at least one head?

HHHH HTHT THTH TTTT

ANSWER : Probability (at least 1 head) = 3/4 ANSWER : Probability (at least 1 head) = 3/4

Some graphic screen captures from Seeing Statistics ®Some images © 2001-(current year) www.arttoday.com 

Hints for Pre lab….

• When experiment is performed “n times”… (Probability of event happening)n..

[note: for event to occur successively]

• Probability of Event not happening = 1 – probability (event happening)

• Probability of Event happening at least once = 1- prob (event not happening)

Working in the Diagram

Draw a For Loop Functions

Structures For Loop

Draw a Case structure Functions

Structures Case

Adding More to Diagram

Add a shift register Operate Value tool

Right Click on edge of For Loop

Select Add Register

Add 2 addition boxes

Add division box

Adding More to Diagram

Add Random Number Functions

Numeric Random (0-1)

Add Round to Nearest Functions

Numeric Round to Nearest

Adding More to Diagram

Add Equal box Functions

Comparison Equal?

Add Wait box Functions Time

& Delay Wait (ms)

Need Some Constants

Add constant of value 100 to Wait (ms)

Add constants of value 1 to Both additions Shift Register

Add constant of value 0 Equal box

Need Some Wire

Wire the circuit up as shown

Change the case to “True”

Wire the tunnels through the Case structure Of “True” case

Run the Simulation

Return to Front Panel Change to Operate Value Tool Choose a number of trials “Run simulation once”

Summary

Probability…Overview of Experiment..Hints to Pre lab…