Advanced Internetworking IK2215

Lab 3 – IPv6 routing rev 1.0

Markus Hidell <mahidell@kth.se>

Voravit Tanyingyong <voravit@kth.se>

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Telecommunication Systems Lab (TSlab)

Isafjordsgatan 39 164 40 Kista

Name: _______________________________________________ Date: _______________________________________________ Lab assistant signature: __________________________________

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1. Introduction In this lab, you will get practical experience of IPv6 routing. You will learn how to configure IPv6 on the router as well as how to route it. You will also look at different ways to configure IPv6 tunnel in order to route IPv6 traffic across an IPv4 network.

2. Overview • Preparation • Lab setup • Configuring IPv6 • IPv6 routing over IPv4

3. Preparation

3.1. Reading Material In order to be able to complete the lab on schedule you need to prepare. Below is a list of reading material that you must complete before coming to the lab.

1. Course book: Read chapter 4 (4.4.4) 2. Stril networks router guide: Read the whole document. Make

sure you understand the different between DCE and DTE and know how to configure it.

3. Additional document:

• IPv6 Addressing at a Glance • IPv6 Routing at a Glance • http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/ipng-main.html

4. CISCO configuration guide:

• Cisco IOS IPv6 configuration library, see the following sections:

o Implementing IPv6 Addressing and Basic Connectivity o Implementing OSPF for IPv6

3.2. Preparation Questions Below are a number of preparation questions that you must complete before coming to the lab. The lab assistants will go over your answers before the lab starts and if you have not completed them in a satisfactory way you will be sent home so you can prepare in a proper way. Question 1 Name three key improvements of IPv6 over IPv4? Answer:

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Question 2 What are the two approaches for integrating IPv6 nodes into IPv4 network? Briefly explain the key concept of each approach. Answer:

Figure 1: Preparation question

Question 3 From Figure 1, what are the commands to configure Ethernet0 on RTA? Answer: Question 4 From Figure 1, what are the commands to configure a manual IPv6 tunnel between RTA (3FFE::1:1/112) and RTB (3FFE::1:2/112). Assuming that IPv4 interface address and routing configuration are already in place. Show your configuration for both RTA and RTB. Answer: Question 5 From Figure 1, what are the commands to configure an automatic 6to4 tunnel between RTA and RTB? Assuming that IPv4 interface address and routing configuration are already in place. You must use your first subnet of your calculated address with /64 prefix as your address. Show your configuration for both RTA and RTB. Answer:

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Question 6 From Figure 1, how to configure static IPv6 route so that hosts on 3FFE::11:0/112 and 3FFE::12:0/112 can communicate to each other? Assuming that you are using manual IPv6 tunnel approach. Answer: Question 7 From Figure 1, how to configure OSPFv3 so that hosts on 3FFE::11:0/112 and 3FFE::12:0/112 can communicate to each other? Assuming that you are using manual IPv6 tunnel approach. Answer:

4. Lab setup

Figure 2: Lab setup

There are 4 groups in total, 4-6 persons per group. Each group should have the following equipment:

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• 4 Cisco routers (1 cisco 2800, 1 cisco 2600, 2 cisco 2501) • 1 V35 DTE-DCE cables • 4 console (roll-over) cables • 4 crossed cables • 4 laptops (You are encouraged to use your own laptops!)

For information on how to configure the serial interfaces on the Cisco, see the paper provided by Stril Networks on the course website. Pay special attention on how to configure the synchronous serial ports. The Cisco routers configuration interface is based on a tree-like structure. When you first enter the router you are in a user or EXEC mode where you can look at parameters in the router but no change anything. By issuing the command enable, you enter the privileged exec mode where you can change parameters in the router. To configure the router in the privileged exec mode the command is configure terminal, which brings you into global configuration mode. To exit one can type exit to back up one step into the mode hierarchy or end to exit to the privileged mode directly. This can look like: Router> enable Router# Router# configure terminal Router(config)#exit If you want to configure router A’s interface eth1 this is the procedure: Router> enable Router# Router#configure terminal Router(config)#interface eth1 Router(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#exit Router#copy running-config startup-config (save configuration) IMPORTANT! Before you start configuring the router, do the following:

1. Erase startup configuration using erase startup-config command in EXEC mode

2. Restart the router using reload command (Do not save configuration!)

3. After reboot, do not enter to the initial configuration dialog

5. Configuring IPv6 In this first part of the lab you will be configured physical interfaces with IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses where appropriate. Then, you will be configured IPv6 tunnel to be able to send IPv6 traffic over IPv4 network.

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Each group should use corresponding IP address according to the Figure 2. You will work in a group of 4-6 students.

5.1. Set up In this part of the lab you will be configured physical interfaces with IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses where appropriate. In addition, you will also set up the routing for IPv4 network. Now do the following:

1. Connect all routers and laptops according to Figure 2. You must use Cisco 2800 series router as RTA, Cisco 2600 series router as RTB, and Cisco 2500 series routers as RTC and RTD.

2. On all routers, do the following a. Configure all IPv4 addresses according to Figure 2. Replace x

with your group number. For example, for RTA fastEthernet 0/1, group1 should use IP address 192.168.11.1/24 and group2 should use IP address 192.168.21.1/24.

b. Configure OSPF on all IPv4 interfaces. c. Ping all other IPv4 addresses to make sure that everything is

working properly. 3. On RTA and RTB, configured IPv6 address according to Figure 2.

Also enable IPv6 unicast routing. 4. On the laptops, do the following:

a. Configure IPv6 address by using the command “ifconfig eth0 inet6 add <your-ipv6-address>”

b. Configure your gateway to the directly connected router by using command “route --inet6 add default gateway <your-ipv6-gateway>”

c. From each laptop, try to ping the directly connected router to make sure that IPv6 addresses is working properly.

5. Answer all the question below 6. Call lab assistant to show your setup and result.

Question: Can RTA communicate with RTB? Explain the reason. Answer: Question: Can H1 communicate with H2? Explain the reason. Answer:

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5.2. Configure an IPv6 tunnel There are different ways to configure IPv6 tunnel. In this part of the lab, you will do a Manual IPv6 tunnel and an automatic 6to4 tunnel. Now do the following:

1. Continue from the previous section. 2. Configure a manual IPv6 tunnel between RTA and RTB with the

following requirement: a. Use Tunnel0 interface b. use 3FFE:x::3:0/112 subnet for the tunnel; where x is your

group number. c. Tunnel on RTA has .1 address d. Tunnel on RTB has .2 address

3. Answer the first two questions below 4. Call lab assistant to show your manual IPv6 tunnel configuration 5. Now remove the manual IPv6 tunnel that you create on RTA and

RTB by running “no interface tunnel 0” command at the global configuration mode.

6. Configure an automatic 6to4 tunnel 7. Answer all the question below 8. Call lab assistant to show your setup and result.

Question: After configuring a manual IPv6 tunnel, can you ping between RTA and RTB? Explain why. Answer: Question: After configuring a manual IPv6 tunnel, can you ping between H1 and H2? Explain why. Answer: Question: After configuring a 6to4 tunnel, can you ping between RTA and RTB? Explain why. Answer: Question: After configuring a 6to4 tunnel, can you ping between H1 and H2? Explain why. Answer:

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6. IPv6 routing over IPv4 In this part of the lab, you will be looking at how to route IPv6 traffic over IPv4 network. You will still work in a group of 4-6 students.

6.1. Configure static IPv6 routing Now do the following:

1. Continue from the previous section, on RTA and RTB, do the following

a. Remove tunnel 0 by running “no interface tunnel 0” command at the global configuration mode.

b. Remove the 6to4 static route by running “no ipv6 route 2002::/16 tunnel 0” command at the privileged EXEC mode

c. Configure a manual IPv6 tunnel as you have done in the last section.

2. Now do the following a. On RTA, configure IPv6 static route to H2’s network via RTB b. On RTB, configure IPv6 static route to H1’s network via RTA

3. Verify that you can ping between H1 and H2. 4. Answer all the question below 5. Call lab assistant to show your setup and result.

Question: Explain the process how an IPv6 packet is being delivered from H1 to H2? Answer:

6.2. Configure OSPFv3 over a tunnel Now do the following:

1. Continue from the previous section, do the following a. Remove static route configuration from on RTA and RTB b. Configure OSPFv3 on RTA and RTB

2. Verify that you can ping between H1 and H2 3. Answer all the question below 4. Call lab assistant to show your setup and result.

Question: Can the laptops (H1 and H2) communicate with IPv4 routers (RTC and RTD)? Answer:

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Question: What do you think would happen if you use automatic 6to4 tunnel instead of a manual IPv6 tunnel? Answer: Question: Why do you think that we need to run OSPFv3 instead of OSPFv2 to route IPv6? Answer:

7. Last step Now do the following:

1. On all routers, run “erase startup-config”. Confirm the erase. Once it’s done, turn off the routers.

2. On all laptops, switch user to root and run “sudo shutdown –h now” at the shell terminal. Wait until the machine is completely turned off before closing the lid.

3. Put all equipment back in the right boxes. 4. Thank you!

End of Lab 5

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