Advanced color management Understanding color ... color management – Understanding color...

Advanced color management –Understanding color conversions and settings

Lou PrestiaSr. Product Line Manager

Heather BlakleyProduct Marketing Specialist

Agenda

2

• ICC color management basics

• Profile selection and embedded profiles

• PDF/X output intent

• Rendering intents

• Black point compensation

• Problems printing with black

• Color management failures

• Recommended DFE settings

Be sure to watch our previous webinars on color

3

• 3 Key steps to get the right color the first try

• The ABCs of producing the best match for spot colors

• Best practices for matching industry color standards

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ICC color management basics

4

ICC color processing workflow

5

How to access the expert color settings on your Fiery DFE

6

7

Introducing the new Fiery Color Flow Chart

Profile selection and embedded profiles

8

Embedded ICC profiles

9

• Modern design applications favor the use of a “working space”

– Standard RGB or CMYK defined by ICC profile

– All files created are in a working space

• When saving from these applications, best practice is to embed profiles

Working spaces in Adobe Photoshop

10

• Photoshop requires the definition of a working space for CMYK and one for RGB

• Photoshop does not force all windows to be in one of the working spaces

Photoshop color working space

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Profile mismatch

12

• Photoshop provides warnings when opening and pasting about profile mismatches

Embed profile when saving

13

Show assigned profile in Photoshop

14

Working spaces in Adobe Illustrator

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• Uses working spaces

• Illustrator offers a unique profile mismatch option: “Preserve numbers”

– Causes Illustrator to ignore embedded profiles

Adobe Illustrator “Preserve numbers”

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X

Working spaces in Adobe InDesign

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• Uses working spaces

• InDesign allows the most latitude for mixed color spaces – every object on every page can have it’s own embedded profile

Image color settings in InDesign

18

How to use working spaces on DFE

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• For documents you create, set the DFE color settings to match your working space

How to identify embedded profiles

20

• From Adobe design applications

• Enfocus Pitstop

Checking embedded color space with Enfocus Pitstop

21

Using embedded profiles on DFE

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Default Fiery color settings

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Use embedded profile

24

PDF/X Output intent

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• Defined by the Ghent Working Group (GWG)

• Output Intent is a way to standardize the appearance of a PDF file

• Output Intent tag contains an ICC profile that is used as a simulation profile for both on-screen viewing and printing

ICC color processing workflow

26

Using PDF/X Output Intent on the DFE

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PDF/X Output Intent - CMYK

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PDF/X Output Intent – RGB

29

PDF/X output intent

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• Why not always always enable PDF/X Output intent?

– Over-compression of colors may occur

Rendering Intent

31

What is gamut compression?

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• Loss of color gamut when converting from a broad gamut source space such as RGB to a more narrow output gamut such as CMYK

RGB

CMYK

What happens to colors outside reproducible color gamut of the printer?

RGB

CMYKRGB – Source gamutCMYK – Smaller destination gamut of printer

? ?

?

?

?

?

?

?

??

?

?

?

?

Gamut Compression

33

Rendering Intent

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• Setting that defines the preference for gamut compression

Rendering Intent: Photographic

RGB

Color 1

Color 2

Photographic (aka perceptual) –smooth color transitions; relationship preserved

RGB – Source gamutCMYK – Smaller destination gamut of printer

CMYK

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Color 1

Color 2

Rendering Intent: Relative Colorimetric

RGB

Color 1

Color 2

Relative Colorimetric –color accuracy for logos and graphics


CMYK

36

Color 1

Color 2

Relative colorimetric vs. photographic

37PhotographicRelative Colorimetric

Rendering Intent: Presentation

RGB

Color 1

Color 2

Presentation – aka “saturation” forbusiness graphics


CMYK

38

Color 1

Color 2

Rendering Intent: Absolute Colorimetric

RGB

Color 1

Color 2

Absolute Colorimetric –same as relative colorimetric with white point scaling for paper white


CMYK

39

Color 1

Color 2

Best uses of rendering intents

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• Photographic (aka perceptual) this rendering intent compresses the entries source gamut to fit in the destination gamut relationships between colors are preserved. Theoretically this is best for photographs.

• Relative Colorimetric this rendering intent compresses only the colors in the source gamut that are not also in the destination gamut. Best for logos and graphics.

• Presentation (aka saturation) this is the same as relative colorimetric but the colors in the destination gamut are all pushed toward the gamut corners where colors are pure. Best for business graphics.

• Absolute Colorimetric this is a special case of Relative Colorimetric. The color clipping is the same but the white point of the source is not scaled to the white point of the destination. This means the white of the source will be shown in the output as a tint even in non-image areas. This is mainly useful only for commercial proofing not for production printing.

Choosing rendering intent on the DFE

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RGB rendering intent

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CMYK rendering intent

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Always relative colorimetric!

Processing methods:

• Full (Source GCR)

• Full (Output GCR)

• Pure Primaries

Rendering intent when using embedded profiles

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Black point compensation

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• Maps the black point of the source profile to the black point of the output profile

– Helps to preserve detail in shadow areas

– Always desirable except for special applications such as proofing


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Source = Newsprint ICC

Print


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Source = Newsprint ICC

Print

For Proofing

Problems printing with black

Print Gray Using Black Only

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Color management black failure

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R=128

G=128

B=128

C=0%

M=0%

Y=0%

K =50%

L* = 62

a* = 0

b*= 0

L* = 58

a* = 0

b*= 0

C=40%

M=30%

Y=30%

K =20%

C=38%

M=27%

Y=27%

K =22%

DFE settings to avoid this failure

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• To ensure you don’t get a color click charge for black objects (K only output)

– Set RGB to: Text/Graphics

– Set CMYK to: Text/Graphics/Images

Pure black

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• Pure black is RGB of 0,0,0 or CMYK of 0,0,0,100%

Black overprint

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• Black overprint (for pure black)

– Use to trap text

Color management failures

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Common causes for color management failure

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• Calibration

• Imaging settings

• Color Settings

– Output Profile selection

• Lighting

Calibration: Accuracy vs. Consistency

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Ca

lib

rate

dConsistent, but

not Accurate Color

Consistent, and Accurate

Color

Without ICC Profile

Un

cali

bra

ted

Neither consistent nor Accurate Color

With ICC Profile

Accurate on average,not consistent

Calibration

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• Over 30% of digital press owners never calibrate their DFE or only calibrate when a color failure occurs *

• Failure to calibrate on a consistent basis is the #1 cause of color related rework

* Source: 2015 InfoTrends survey

DFE settings

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1. Imaging settings

2. Source profile settings

3. Output profile selection

– Is it a custom profile?

1. Image settings

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2. Source profile settings

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3. Output profile selection

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• Depending on the configuration of the DFE, output profile may be selected automatically or manually

Start

Job Properties“Use Media

Defined Profile” selected?

Automatic output profile selection

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63

Start



Yes

Is Paper Catalog used in

the job?


64

65


Start



Yes


the job?

Profile assignedin Paper Catalog?

Yes


66

67


Start



Output profile assignedin Paper catalog

Yes


the job?


Yes

Yes


68

Start




Yes


the job?


Is a Profile assigned tothe paper

type?

Yes

No Yes


69

70


71


Start




Output profile assignedto paper type

Yes


the job?



type?

YesYes

No Yes


72

Start





Yes


the job?



type?

YesYes

No

No Yes


73

Start




Color settings default profile


Yes


the job?



type?

No

YesYes

No

No Yes


74

Start



Output profile selected in Job properties


Color settings default profile


No Yes


the job?



type?

No

YesYes

No

No Yes


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Lighting and metamerism

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• Understanding metamerism

• New ISO viewing conditions

– M0, M1 and M2

Metamerism

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• Two colors that look the same under one light source but different under another

Metamerism: Different light source

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R G B

Wavelength (nm)

Viewing color in D50 light booth

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• Color management only works in D50

Lighting best practices

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• Only evaluate prints in D50 light booth

• Use professional grade ISO 3664:2009 compliant lamps

• For best results, profile and verify color using M1

Recommended DFE settings

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What we learned

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• ICC color management basics

• Profile selection and embedded profiles

• PDF/X output intent

• Rendering intents

• Black point compensation

• Problems printing with black

• Color management failures

• Recommended DFE settings

Resources

84

• Fiery Color Flowchart 2016 and video• Fiery Color Profiler Suite webpage

– Learn about features, watch videos, download resourcesand a free demo

– How-to guides– Whitepapers

• Configuring Fiery color settings to optimize print quality• Demystifying color standards

– FAQ: to cut or not to cut UV light in color profiling• Download PANTONE libraries• Ask the experts on our forums:

– Fiery Color and Imaging– Fiery Color Profiler Suite

http://www.efi.com/library/efi/documents/800/fiery_colorflowchart2016_us_en_us.pdf

http://resources.efi.com/FieryColorFlowchartVideo

http://www.efi.com/cps

http://www.efi.com/products/fiery-servers-and-software/fiery-workflow-suite/fiery-color-profiler-suite/overview/

http://www.efi.com/library/efi/documents/336/efi_fiery_configuring_fiery_color_settings_wp_en_us.pdf

http://www.efi.com/library/efi/documents/336/efi_fiery_demystifying_color_standards_hr_en_us.pdf

http://www.efi.com/library/efi/documents/558/fiery_cps4_es2000_faq_us_en_us.pdf

http://www.efi.com/products/fiery-servers-and-software/fiery-workflow-suite/fiery-color-and-imaging/pantone-libraries/

http://fieryforums.efi.com/forumdisplay.php/127-Fiery-Color-amp-Imaging-Topics

http://fieryforums.efi.com/forumdisplay.php/140-Fiery-Color-Profiler-Suite

Q/A

Fiery ForumsFieryForums.efi.com

85

http://fieryforums.efi.com/

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