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Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative The Background Richard Jardine Professor of Geomechanics Director of MSc Programme Slide 2 Civil Engineering Counts! Societal challenges Health and quality of life: water supply and treatment, transport, buildings Energy supply and conservation: offshore oil and gas, wind generators, nuclear etc Protecting the public: road safety, earthquakes, floods, landslides.. Slide 3 Aberfan 1966 Slide 4 Civil Engineering Counts! Economic challenges UK Construction: 74.7bn per year! High risk; low profit; low share values; 30% too expensive? Can it be better organised/managed? UK Construction services 7 to 8bn! Much of it in exports. But can these knowledge businesses remain competitive without high level skills? Slide 5 Civil Engineering Counts! Environmental challenges Industrys perceived negative impact At odds with actual role in protecting natural environment and enhancing towns & cities Crucial now to develop rational strategies for sustainable future Slide 6 Sustainable cites.living with difficult neighbours? Slide 7 Civil Engineering teams and skills GPs and specialists Longstanding recognition of need for specialism. Suite of Imperial College MScs set up in 1940s Growing need for specialist education that cannot be provided by BEng, MEng, or CPD PhDs are valuable but rarely required for practice Specialist MSc courses most cost-effective means Example of demand: half UK geotechnical specialists have MScs; 50% from Imperial College Slide 8 Civil Engineering Human Resources crisis Highly skilled professionals needed to meet technical, managerial, environmental challenges Skills shortages cited as major problem in surveys, limiting ability to deliver - from transport to deepwater energy Example of AGS. Among top 4 problems facing industry were: Quality of work Skills shortages Cuts in funding for MSc students Slide 9 Applications to Imperial College Civil MSc courses Enrolment down from maximum of 160 to 125 Now 71% non-UK domiciled entry Slide 10 Trends in A level entries: 1992 = 100 Slide 11 Trends in undergraduate applications for Civil Engineering degrees: 1994 = 100 MSc applications lag several years behind UGs Slide 12 Civil Engineering Human Resources crisis Cultural drift away from physical sciences: `A level and degree choices; fewer graduates UK graduates less inclined to undertake specialist MScs: Four year MEng Student debt EPSRC/NERC funds cut for core topics Low salaries & status issues MSc gives little financial benefit Decades needed to repay personal investment Slide 13 Civil Engineering at Universities Courses are expensive to run; able students and staff are hard to attract; MSc studies have a low priority; economics dont add up General trend is to contract; many courses closing or under threat Strategy at Imperial College: to swim upstream! First step was to survey 300+ MSc and MEng students Slide 14 Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative Reconfiguring Imperial courses to optimise: Appeal to able students Educational topicality, relevance, quality Economics, flexibility of delivery Interact with ICE, ISE, RAEng etc; Research Councils (EPSRC, NERC); Industry; Government seek participation & support Build funding for Imperial College courses and student bursaries; create opportunities Publicise our findings and opportunities on offer Slide 15 Reconfiguring our MSc courses Wise up, dont dumb down! Regrouping of 9 existing courses into 4 clusters: Advanced structures Environment Geotechnics Transport Introduction of two new courses: Integrated structures Earthquake Engineering New options in all four clusters for dual degree titles. 25 MSc titles created by adding 25% of: Business Management or Sustainable Development Slide 16 Advanced Structural Concrete Structures Engineering Cluster Concrete Structures & Business Management Concrete Structures & Sustainable Development Structural Steel Design Structural Steel Design & Business Management Structural Steel Design & Sustainable Development Earthquake Engineering Integrated Structural Engineering Geotechnics ClusterSoil Mechanics Soil Mechanics & Engineering Seismology Soil Mechanics & Environmental Geotechnics Soil Mechanics & Business Management Soil Mechanics & Sustainable Development Engineering Geology Engineering Geology& Business Management Engineering Geology & Sustainable Development Environmental ClusterEnvironmental Engineering Environmental Engineering & Business Management Environmental Engineering & Sustainable Development Hydrology for Environmental Management Hydrology& Business Management Hydrology & Sustainable Development Transport ClusterTransport Transport & Business Management Transport & Sustainable Development Slide 17 Advanced Civil Engineering Initiative: other steps Part time and CPD extension options on all MScs MTP funding from EPSRC for geotechnics & transport, also NERC funding for hydrology Industrial bursary group. 12 geotechnical members; recruitment inside track; liaison groups for other MScs Seeking further funding and liaison with Industry and Research Councils www.cv.imperial.ac.uk/courses/msc/pg_index.asp Slide 18 Finally Skills shortage is impinging on quality of professional work Claims against PI cover are soaring, frequency doubling in last decade in some sectors MSc course recruitment will become more difficult with time: fewer graduates, more debt etc.. Concerted effort needed if courses are not to fold and skills stream dry up altogether Our `call to arms to Institutions, Research Councils, Government and Industry; help us with funding and student recruitment! Slide 19 Slide 20 Civil Engineering Counts Earthquake Engineering An Example of the need for technical specialists Nicholas N. Ambraseys Senior Research Fellow Slide 21 Slide 22 [EARTHQUAKE RISK] = [SEISMIC HAZARD] * [VULNERABILITY] (LOSS) Probability of occurrence of earthquake at a given site & period of time Seismic Hazard Reflects Regional & local seismotectonic activity It is beyond human control, but knowledge of it is possible (long-term seismicity) Physical characteristics of structure Vulnerability It can be assessed, controlled and reduced Cost of restoring structure to its state just before the earthquake Loss Any other form of loss/value Slide 23 Slide 24 Slide 25 Slide 26 Slide 27 Slide 28 MSc in Earthquake Engineering (Structures Cluster) MSc in Soil Mechanics & Engineering Seismology (Geotechnics Cluster) Slide 29 Slide 30 Sustainable Cities The New MSc David Fisk RAEng Prof Engineering for Sustainable Development Slide 31 Cities Where Most of Us Live Slide 32 Cities As They Shouldnt Be Slide 33 Cities As They Mustn't Be! Slide 34 Urbanisation Still Growing GEO 02 Slide 35 Engineering Can Make a Difference Municipal Waste Asia and Pacific 2030 UNEP GEO 3 Scenarios Slide 36 Engineering Can Make A Difference GEO 02 Percent Land Area Impacted By Infrastructure 2030 Slide 37 GEO 02 Percent Land Built Up Area 2030 Engineering Can Make A Difference Slide 38 From Problems to Practical Solutions The Sustainable Development Module Learning to Think in 4 Dimensions Slide 39 Thinking in Three Dimensions Space Tight Tolerances Create Costs Slide 40 Thinking in Four Dimensions Space Time Lifetime consequences of design decisions for Economic Social Environmental Capital Slide 41 Going Further in Four Dimensions Space Time Creating future options Slide 42 Matching the Design Process Space Vision Needs Delivery Slide 43 Matching the Design Process Space Vision Needs Delivery Balanced Scorecard techniques Slide 44 Balanced Scorecard Slide 45 Matching the Design Process Space Vision Needs Delivery Life Cycle Analysis Techniques Slide 46 Key Issue Axes Benchmark Values Life Cycle Analysis Slide 47 Matching the Design Process Space Vision Needs Delivery ValueEngineeringTechniques Slide 48 Detailed Studies Water supply and management Waste management Transport infrastructure Energy Sustainable construction Developing Country Infrastructure Urban Air quality and pollution Sustainable city Slide 49 Page no./ref Slide 50 Slide 51 Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative Business Management Stephen Glaister Professor of Transport and Infrastructure Slide 52 Business and policy skills for practising engineers Human behaviour and response to incentives Fundamentals of funding and financing The public realm Understanding data: facts not prejudice Three case studies from London experience Slide 53 Congestion Charging. A large and highly visible experiment Slide 54 Congestion charging: the skills involved Traffic engineering Systems, IT Will the technology and data bases be adequate? Measuring trip patterns; survey work Modelling behaviour how will individuals respond to changed incentives? Individual choice modelling Criminology rates of detection and penalty levels Slide 55 Congestion charging: the skills involved Appraisal is it good value for money? Economics of consumer behaviour Who gains, who loses and by how much? Public attitudes; surveys Is it good policy? There is grave shortage of transport planners and economists Slide 56 Understanding a business Transport for London budget Slide 57 Understanding the bus business Why does the budgeted deficit increase so much? Is this a good thing? Is this budget likely to be sustainable? Slide 58 Understanding the bus business: what to do? Fares policy Quality and volume of service policy The cost base - Procurement: competition? - Labour market? - Management? Justification for increased subsidy value for public money? Slide 59 Funding and financing: Crossrail Choosing a route whats it for? Congestion relief or regeneration? Civil engineering design Procurement & project management Slide 60 Funding and financing: Crossrail Form of contract with suppliers? - What really went wrong with Jubilee Line Extension? Private Finance Initiative or public sector? - Managing cost risk? Risk and cost of capital - Nb PPP for London Underground! Slide 61 Funding and financing: Crossrail Value for money? Who pays? distinctions between funding and financing Innovative funding mechanisms Taxes, charges, development gains Slide 62 The public realm: Crossrail Planning controls What are they for? Parliamentary process Transport and Works Act; Hybrid bills Policy control and political accountability Devolution: central vs local government Local government finance Slide 63 The public realm: microeconomic policy Competition policy Economic regulation of utilities Consumer welfare Consumer behaviour Industrial structure Industrial behaviour Slide 64 Business and policy skills for practising engineers Human behaviour Fundamentals of funding and financing The public realm Facts These courses will help the student understand what business people, economists, civil servants and politicians are trying to achieve Slide 65 Slide 66 A personal perspective Charles Walker Architect-Engineer MSc DIC Arup Advanced Geometry Unit Slide 67 Slide 68 Slide 69 A View From Industry MARTYN STROUD Principal Director, Arup Slide 70 Slide 71 Slide 72 Slide 73 A View From Industry MARTYN STROUD Principal Director, Arup Slide 74 Chris Dulake Brian Coles Alan Winter Steve Macklin Stephen Wilson Cedric Wong Phil Morley Mark Gaby Louisa Groves Sarah Munks David Beadman Sara Anderson Lohini Ganesharatnam Alan Hon-Lam Cheng Mike Devriendt Mark Rudrum Matt Willis Emma Adams Chris Martin Peter Brice Richard Brantingham Anna Pearson Roger Lee Adrian Shrubsall Hoe Yeow Anton Pillai Mehdi Yazdchi Heleni Pantelidou Vicky Potts Dinesh Patel Sarah Hughes Guy Waddington Catherine Pill Matthew Shinkel David Pascall Cyrus Toms Tim Hocombe Jeffrey Pereira Matthew Gilliver David Clare Zygi Lubkowski Nick Sartain Martin Greenacre Chris Humpheson Navin Peiris Neville Lui Sam Godden Emily So Tim Chapman Dominic Holt Janice Windle Tim Robinson Peter Ingram Vicki Hope Erica Seddon Charlie Strick Beccy Lock Nick Elton James Robinson Asim Gaba Chris Barker Neil Chadwick Adam Pickles Graham Elliott Ivan Lim Geraldine Cheung Zedi Nyirenda Paul Morrison David Gill Karen Fletcher Peter Nono Bwomono Mark Adams Nick ORiordan Andrew Ross Esad Porovic Julian Wallace Andrew Harland Eddie Woods Dominic Woolnough Frank Mimnagh Sam Tan Keith Bowers Paul Watson Adam Chodorowski Hilary Shields Dave Twine Andrew Lord Rod Alwright Stephen von Roon Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff Slide 75 Chris Dulake Brian Coles Alan Winter Steve Macklin Stephen Wilson Cedric Wong Phil Morley Mark Gaby Louisa Groves Sarah Munks David Beadman Sara Anderson Lohini Ganesharatnam Alan Hon-Lam Cheng Mike Devriendt Mark Rudrum Matt Willis Emma Adams Chris Martin Peter Brice Richard Brantingham Anna Pearson Roger Lee Adrian Shrubsall Hoe Yeow Anton Pillai Mehdi Yazdchi Heleni Pantelidou Vicky Potts Dinesh Patel Sarah Hughes Guy Waddington Catherine Pill Matthew Shinkel David Pascall Cyrus Toms Tim Hocombe Jeffrey Pereira Matthew Gilliver David Clare Zygi Lubkowski Nick Sartain Martin Greenacre Chris Humpheson Navin Peiris Neville Lui Sam Godden Emily So Tim Chapman Dominic Holt Janice Windle Tim Robinson Peter Ingram Vicki Hope Erica Seddon Charlie Strick Beccy Lock Nick Elton James Robinson Asim Gaba Chris Barker Neil Chadwick Adam Pickles Graham Elliott Ivan Lim Geraldine Cheung Zedi Nyirenda Paul Morrison David Gill Karen Fletcher Peter Nono Bwomono Mark Adams Nick ORiordan Andrew Ross Esad Porovic Julian Wallace Andrew Harland Eddie Woods Dominic Woolnough Frank Mimnagh Sam Tan Keith Bowers Paul Watson Adam Chodorowski Hilary Shields Dave Twine Andrew Lord Rod Alwright Stephen von Roon Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff with MScs Slide 76 Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff with MScs at Imperial College Chris Dulake Brian Coles Alan Winter Steve Macklin Stephen Wilson Cedric Wong Phil Morley Mark Gaby Louisa Groves Sarah Munks David Beadman Sara Anderson Lohini Ganesharatnam Alan Hon-Lam Cheng Mike Devriendt Mark Rudrum Matt Willis Emma Adams Chris Martin Peter Brice Richard Brantingham Anna Pearson Roger Lee Adrian Shrubsall Hoe Yeow Anton Pillai Mehdi Yazdchi Heleni Pantelidou Vicky Potts Dinesh Patel Sarah Hughes Guy Waddington Catherine Pill Matthew Shinkel David Pascall Cyrus Toms Tim Hocombe Jeffrey Pereira Matthew Gilliver David Clare Zygi Lubkowski Nick Sartain Martin Greenacre Chris Humpheson Navin Peiris Neville Lui Sam Godden Emily So Tim Chapman Dominic Holt Janice Windle Tim Robinson Peter Ingram Vicki Hope Erica Seddon Charlie Strick Beccy Lock Nick Elton James Robinson Asim Gaba Chris Barker Neil Chadwick Adam Pickles Graham Elliott Ivan Lim Geraldine Cheung Zedi Nyirenda Paul Morrison David Gill Karen Fletcher Peter Nono Bwomono Mark Adams Nick ORiordan Andrew Ross Esad Porovic Julian Wallace Andrew Harland Eddie Woods Dominic Woolnough Frank Mimnagh Sam Tan Keith Bowers Paul Watson Adam Chodorowski Hilary Shields Dave Twine Andrew Lord Rod Alwright Stephen von Roon Slide 77 Slide 78 Slide 79 Slide 80 Slide 81 Slide 82 Slide 83 Slide 84 Slide 85 Slide 86 Slide 87 Slide 88 Imperial College: Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative Slide 89 A View From Industry MARTYN STROUD Principal Director, Arup