Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)
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Adulthood Segment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)
Transcript of Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)
Adulthood
Segment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Approximateage Stage Description of Task
Adolescence Identity vs. role Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by(teens into confusion testing roles and then integrating them to 20s) form a single identity, or they become
confused about who they are.
Young Adult Intimacy vs. Young adults struggle to form close relation- (20’s to early isolation ships and to gain the capacity for intimate 40s) love, or they feel socially isolated.
Middle Adult Generativity vs. The middle-aged discover a sense of contri-(40s to 60s) stagnation buting to the world, usually through family
and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose.
Late Adult Integrity vs. When reflecting on his or her life, the older(late 60s and despair adult may feel a sense of satisfaction orup) failure.
Adulthood -- satisfaction
Multinational surveys show that age differences in life satisfaction are trivial (Inglehart, 1990).
Adults mostly feel
“generativity” and “integrity”
0
20
40
60
80
15 25 35 45 55 65+
Percentage “satisfied”with lifeas a whole
Age group
AdulthoodFreud and Erikson focus on two main areas
for adults: Love and Work. What’s missing? Parenting Play Self-improvement etc…
Adulthood--Physical ChangesThe Aging Senses
10 30 50 70 900
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Proportion of normal (20/20) vision when identifying letters on an eye chart
Age in years
Adulthood--Physical ChangesThe Aging Senses
10 30 50 70 9050
70
90
Percent correct whenIdentifying smells
Age in years
Adulthood--Physical Changes
12
10
8
6
4
2
016 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 and
over
Fatal accident rate
Age
Fatal accidentsper 10,000 drivers
Fatal accidentsper 100 million miles
Adulthood--Cognitive Changes
(Crook & West, 1990)
18 40 50 60 70
Age group
Percentof namesrecalled
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
After oneintroductions
After twointroductions
Older age groups have poorer performance
After three introductions
Adulthood--Cognitive Changes
Cross-Sectional method suggests decline
Longitudinal method suggests more stability
25 32 39 46 53 60 7467 8135
40
45
50
55
60
Age in years
Reasoningabilityscore
Cross-sectional method
Longitudinal method
Cross-sectional methodsuggests decline
Longitudinal methodsuggests more stability
Adulthood -- IQ
20 35 55 7025 45 6575
80
85
90
95
100
105
Intelligence(IQ) score
Age group
Nonverbal scoresdecline with age
Verbal scores arestable with age
Verbal scoresNonverbal scores
Adulthood—Cognitive changesIncidence of dementia by age
Risk of dementiaincreases in lateryears
60-64 70-74 80-84 90-95 65-69 75-79 85-89
Age Group
40%
30
20
10
0
Percentagewith dementia
Adulthood—Cognitive changes
Alzheimer’s Disease a progressive and irreversible brain
disorder – most common form or dementia
characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, social abilities, and finally, physical functioning Video (Larry Gorrell – Ab Psy tape #10)
Alzheimer’s cortex
Alzheimer’s
Beta-amyloid Protein collects in clumps or
plaques in the cortex in between neurons – damages or kills the neurons
Neurofibrillary tangles Protein filaments IN the neurons
get twisted; interferes with neural communication and eventually kills the neurons
