ADS-B Update As of 6 April 2015 EAA Chapter 1457.
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Transcript of ADS-B Update As of 6 April 2015 EAA Chapter 1457.
![Page 1: ADS-B Update As of 6 April 2015 EAA Chapter 1457.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56649ddd5503460f94ad4c59/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ADS-B UpdateAs of 6 April 2015
EAA Chapter 1457
![Page 2: ADS-B Update As of 6 April 2015 EAA Chapter 1457.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56649ddd5503460f94ad4c59/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
BACKGROUND
• Primary RADAR– Think WWII technology
• Secondary RADAR (SSR): Interrogation– Mode A (4-digit squawk code)– Mode C (Mode A + encoded altitude)– Mode S (Mode C + aircraft info)– Extended Squitter (Mode S ++)
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CURRENT SSR CHALLENGES
• Clutter, Interference, Noise• Time delay → Uncertainty → Big Separation• Comm congestion/clarity• Ground based → Line of sight only• Costly to improve Secondary RADAR• RNP (Required Nav Performance) wasteful
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FAA NextGen
• ADS-B is only one of several initiatives– Follows standards of ICAO– Satellite based position reporting– Surface movements included– Once per second reports (while moving)
• Every 5 seconds if stationary on ground
• Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast
Not to be confused with ADS-R – Rebroadcast
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EXAMPLE REPORTING
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ADS-B APPLICATIONJan 1, 2020
• ADS-B Out only req’d in select airspace– Classes A, B & C (surface to 10,000 MSL)– Class E above 10,000 MSL except under 2,500 AGL– Mode C veil– Gulf out to 12nm
• Under 10,000’<4.5% of Cont US
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WHERE
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ADS-B OUT EQUIPMENT
• Transceiver– 1090MHz Mode S ES transponder TSO–C166b – 978MHz data link radio (UAT) TSO–C154c
• Altitude encoder or source• Precision GPS (like WAAS)• Air-Ground status source
• ADS-B "In" is a benefit, not a requirement
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ADS-B OUT STANDARDS
• Position Accuracy (NACp) must be < 0.05 nm (300’) • Velocity Accuracy (NACv) must be < 30 fps Horizontal,
< 50 fps Vertical • Integrity Containment Radius (NIC) must be < 0.2 nm • System Integrity Level (SIL) within NIC must be ≤ 1x10-
7
• System Design Assurance (SDA) of must be ≤ 1x10-5
• Changes in NACp, NACv, SDA, and SIL must be broadcast within 10 seconds
• Changes in NIC must be broadcast within 12 seconds
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COMPLIANCE [email protected]
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HOW IT ALL WORKS
• GPS defines position in each aircraft• Aircraft reports to Ground Stations
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HOW WILL ALL WORKS
• Aircraft also report to receiving aircraft (1090)
• Ground RADAR still interrogates others• ATC gets a combined picture from– ADS-B reporting aircraft– Relayed reporting aircraft– RADAR sweeps
• ATC broadcasts info (ADS-R) back to receiving aircraft
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HOW WILL ALL WORKS
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TRAFFIC AIR-TO-AIR
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NO KIDDING TIS-B
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BENEFITS(with ADSB-In equipment)
• Improved situational awareness – Traffic display– NexRad Weather UAT only– METARs UAT only– TFRs: active and pending UAT only– Traffic warnings– Baro sync'g UAT only
• Partial info available with portable units
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MYTHS• Someone has the big picture and all the ADS-B answers– Definitely not
• My plane is grounded after 2020 if I don’t upgrade– You can still fly over 95% of Cont US w/o ADS-B
• ADS-B costs more than my plane is worth– Prices coming down—solutions start under $1,000
• I lose the value of my current equipment– Solutions available to augment current equipment
and meet total requirement
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MYTHS• Big Brother is watching– Yep. Why is that bad? At least one system disables
reporting when 1200 squawked
• My iPad is good enough– Only for ADS-B In
• This doesn't apply to E-AB aircraft– As of today, it does
• With ADS-B In I'll be able to see everyone around me– Don't believe it! VFR still required to see and avoid– Non-transponder aircraft not shown w/o RADAR
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MYTHS• This doesn't apply to aircraft w/o electrical system– …unless you want to fly in Class A, B or C
• I can get a Field Approval for my installation– Don't count on it…no reports of success– Builders unable to prove accuracy/latency of entire system
• FAAs Feb 2015 revision means I don't need to comply– Not quite…clarification eliminated TSO ambiguity
• This is the greatest aviation enhancement ever– You need to get out more!
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Disclaimers / Credits
• All graphics used were selected for being most representative of the discussion point and downloaded from various Internet sources
• http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-05-28/pdf/2010-12645.pdf
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2mioqZwwq-4
• I'm not responsible for any inaccuracies or misunderstandings