Adolf Hitler · 2020. 10. 14. · Adolf Hitler Born on April 20, 1889 Braunau am Inn,...
Transcript of Adolf Hitler · 2020. 10. 14. · Adolf Hitler Born on April 20, 1889 Braunau am Inn,...
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Adolf Hitler
Born on April 20, 1889 Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary
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Influences in Vienna
George von Schönerer - German nationalist; Austrian Pan-German movement
Karl Lueger - Mayor of Vienna; Anti-Semitic Christian Social Party
Adolf Lanz - Former monk; Anti-Semitic; Aryan supremacy
Richard Wagner - German composer; Operas; Will to power
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The Road to WWII 1933-1939
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Lebensraum
“Living Space”
Karl Haushofer - Professor of geography
Aryan race would need more living space to support a larger population to become a world power
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Mein Kampf
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlHVin56U2w
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlHVin56U2w
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Lebensraum
“Living Space”
Karl Haushofer - Professor of geography
Aryan race would need more living space to support a larger population to become a world power
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Diplomatic Revolution
Hitler set out to convince other nations of his peaceful intentions
1933 – Hitler withdraws Germany from the League of Nations & the Geneva Disarmament Conference
1935 – Creation of a new air force & military draft
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1935 – Anglo-German Naval Pact - Neville Chamberlain
March 7, 1936 – Occupation of the Rhineland
1936 – Rome-Berlin Axis alliance (w/Mussolini)
1936 – Anti-Comintern Pact (w/Japan)
Policy of Appeasement
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Hitler’s Aggression
March 13, 1938 - Hitler annexed Austria
Sept 15, 1938 – Hitler demands Sudetenland
Sept 29, 1938 – Munich Conference (Height of Appeasement)
Sept 1939 - Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia
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Neville Chamberlainhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQ95ffnU4Sw
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQ95ffnU4Sw
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Hitler’s Aggression
Aug 23, 1939 – Hitler announces pact with Stalin
Sept 1, 1939 – German forces invade Poland
Sept 3, 1939 – Britain and France declare war on Germany
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WWII
Estimated 40-50 million military and civilian deaths
More than 30 countries involved
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Alliances
Axis Powers - Germany, Italy, Japan
Allied Forces - Britain, France, China, Soviet Union, United States
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Military Tactics & Technologies
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After WWI
Allies took their victory as affirmation of their superiority
Little invention
Continued with trenches, bunkers, and complex strategies
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Maginot Line
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After WWI
Germany developed new inventions and strategies
It’s training, discipline, and armaments made it the most efficient and effective fighting force for its size
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Blitzkrieg“Lightning War”
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Panzer
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Panzer divisions moved quickly to penetrate enemy lines
Followed by mechanized infantry and foot soldiers
Mechanization was the key to the German blitzkrieg
Speed & mobility
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Luftwaffe German Air Force
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German Advancements
Dive bomber - accurate low-altitude bombing
Low-wing monoplane
Light & medium bombers
Radar
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Invasion of PolandAugust 31, 1939
September 3, 1939 - Great Britain & France declare war on Germany
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1940
April 9 - Germany invades Norway & Denmark
May 10 - Germany assaults western Europe
June - Germany invades France
June 22 - France signed an armistice with Germany (Vichy France)
Soviet Union annexed the Baltic States
June 10 - Italy joins the war
July - Oct — Battle of Britain
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Battle of Britain
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euRlmTHpSCI 32
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euRlmTHpSCI
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1941
Germany invades Yugoslavia, Greece, and the Soviet Union
Soviets launched a significant counteroffensive against the Germans
Pearl Harbor
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Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941
Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
2,000 Americans killed
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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor
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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor
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The United States immediately declared war on Japan
On December 11, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States
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1942-1943
Beginning in 1942, the Allied air forces systematically bombed industrial plants & cities of the Reich
November 11, 1942 - Germany occupied Vichy France
Allies triumph in North Africa
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Battle of Stalingrad
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49fdHDBJCFI
Deadliest battle of WWII Turning point in Hitler’s war
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49fdHDBJCFI
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Battle of KurskJuly 1943
Largest tank battle in history
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zi7fxqCrIUs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwzN2oXrZb4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbUKVz6A1qA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zi7fxqCrIUshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwzN2oXrZb4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbUKVz6A1qA
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1943
July - Allies land in Sicily and move onto the Italian mainland
German troops stationed in Italy seized control of the northern half of the peninsula and continued to resist.
German troops continued to hold northern Italy until surrendering on May 2, 1945.
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More than 160,000 American, British, and Canadian troops landed along a 50 mile stretch of heavily fortified French coastline under German control
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Codenamed “Operation Overlord”
One of the largest amphibious military assaults in history
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49Omaha beach
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1944
August - Soviets cross the German boarder
September - U.S. troops invade the western German boarder
December - German launch unsuccessful counterattack known as the Battle of the Bulge
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1945
The Soviets began an offensive on January 12, 1945, liberating western Poland and forcing Hungary (an Axis ally) to surrender
February - Allies forces bombed Dresden (firebombing)
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Firebombing of Dresden
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1945
American & Soviet troops pushed into Germany
Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945
On May 7, 1945, Germany surrendered unconditionally to the Western Allies at Reims
On May 9, Germany surrendered unconditionally to the Soviets in Berlin
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In August, the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
Killing around 120,000 civilians
Japan surrenders on September 2nd
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE