Administrative law
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ADMINISTRATIVE LAW Aji R Lal
Transcript of Administrative law
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Aji R Lal
Where We’re Going
• Basics of Administrative Law
• Federal Agency Rules
• Federal Agency Decisions
• State Agency Rules and Decisions
• Helpful Hints
• Summary
BASICS OF
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Agencies Defined
• Creations of the legislature
• Authorized to carry out specific duties:
– Issue rules and regulations
– Adjudicate claims and disputes
– Enforce and administer machinery of
government
Two Types of Agencies
• Executive
– May not act independently of executive
– Head serves at pleasure of executive
• Independent
– May act independently
– Head appointed by executive and serves for fixed term
Department of Agriculture
- Agricultural
Research
Service
- Farm Service
Agency
- Forest Service
-Rural
DevelopmentSource: www.gmi.edu/~jhuggins/ pics/farm.gif
Source: www.xcskiracer.com/irs.html
Source: www.xcskiracer.com/irs.html
Department of Interior
- Fish & Wildlife Service
- Geological Survey
- National Park Service
- Bureau of IndianAffairs
- Bureau of Land Management
- Bureau of Reclamation
Multiple Levels
FEDERAL STATE LOCAL
Banking (FDIC) Liquor Control
Board
Division of
Animal Control
Labor (NLRB,
OSHA)
Board of
Governors of
the State Bar
Parks &
Recreation
Department
Tax (IRS) Gambling
Commission
City Planning
Department
Environment
(EPA)
Fish & Wildlife
Commission
Examiner of
Floating Homes
Governing Laws
• Federal Register Act of 1935, 44 U.S.C. §§
1501 et seq. (2000)
• Administrative Procedure Act of 1946
(APA), 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq. (2000)
– § 553 Rulemaking
– § 554 Adjudications
Charles Evans
Hughes
_____________
Chief Justice,
United States
Supreme Court
1930 – 1941
Source: http://www.supremecourthistory.org/02_history/subs_timeline/images_chiefs/011.html
“Whatever the cause of the failure to give
appropriate public notice of the change in
the sections, with the result that the persons
affected, the prosecuting authorities, and the
courts, were alike ignorant of the alteration,
the fact is that the attack in this respect was
upon a provision which did not exist.”
Source: Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan, 293 U.S. 388, 412-13 (1935)
Source: http://www.supremecourthistory.org/02_history/subs_history/02_c11.html
1946
Administrative
Procedure Act
1936
Federal Register
Act
FEDERAL AGENCY RULES
Publication of Agency Rules
• Federal Register
• Code of Federal Regulations
FR: Purpose
• Centralized publication of key agency documents
• Daily newspaper of the executive branch
• Published daily (federal working days) since March
14, 1936
• Purpose---“To eliminate the problem of secret law“
(Cervase v. Office of the Federal Register, 580 F.2d
1166, 1171 (1978))
FR: Organization
• Overall issues---chronological arrangement
– like Statutes at Large
• Individual issues---”section” arrangement
Regulations Presidential Documents
Proposed Rules Corrections
Notices Reader Aids
FR: Indexing
• Cumulates quarterly
• Annual index in December edition
• Indexed by agency and topic
FR: Online Resources
• LexisNexis---FEDREG (1980 - )
• Westlaw---FR (1980 - )
• Internet---GPO Access (1994 - )
http://www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/index.html
• Codification of . . .
• General and
permanent rules
and regulations . . .
• Currently in force.
CFR: Organization
• 50 titles (200+ volumes)
• Re-published annually (quarterly
installments)
• Title 3---Presidential Documents
CFR: Numbering System
21 C.F.R. § 102.41Title 21 Food and Drugs
Chapter 1 Food and Drug Admin.,
Dept. of Human
Services
Subchapter B Food for Human
Consumption
Part 102 Nonstandardized Foods
Section 102.41 Potato Chips Made From
Dried Potatoes
CFR: Indexes
• CFR Index and Finding Aids
• CIS Index to the Code of Federal Regulations
CFR: Online Resources
• LexisNexis & Westlaw (CFR) - Within two weeks of publication
• Internet---GPO Access- http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html
• NARA’s eCFR- http://www.gpo.gov/ecfr
CFR: Updating
• CHECK FOR RULE CHANGES
Check date of CFR
volume you are using
Revised as of April 1,
2002
Date of latest LSA February, 2003
Month-end issues of FR
not covered by the LSA
March 31, 2003
April 30, 2003
May 30, 2003
Most recent issue of FR June 18, 2003
• CHECK FOR JUDICIAL TREATMENT
FEDERAL AGENCY
DECISIONS
Agency Decisions (Print)
• Finding names of official reporters
- Bluebook, pp. 187-188
- Appendix D in Cohen, Berring & Olson’s, How to Find the Law
• Finding bound series of decisions
• Loose-leaf services (BNA, RIA, CCH)
Agency Decisions (Online)
• Westlaw
- FADMIN-ALL
• LexisNexis
- FEDAGN
• GPO Access
- http://www.gpoaccess.gov/executive.html
• University of Virginia
- http://www.law.virginia.edu/admindec
Updating Agency Decisions
• United States Administrative Citations
• Topical Shepard's Citators– Shepard's Labor Law Citations
– Shepard's Federal Tax Citator
– Shepard’s Intellectual Property Law Citations
– Shepard’s Federal Energy Law Citations
• Westlaw (KeyCite) and LexisNexis (Shepard’s)
STATE AGENCY RULES AND
DECISIONS
Washington: Print Resources
• Rules
– Washington State Register
– Washington Administrative Code (WAC)
• Decisions
– Ch. 5 in Washington Legal Researcher’s Deskbook
Washington: Online Resources
• LexisNexis (STREGS)
– WAC and State Register
• Westlaw (WA-ADC)
– WAC
• Municipal Research & Services Center
– http://www.legalwa.org
Other States
• BNA’s Directory of State Administrative Codes and Registers
• Westlaw
– Administrative Codes – Individual States
• LexisNexis
– STREGS
HELPFUL HINTS
Looseleafs
• Provide one or more:
– One-stop shopping
– Full text of relevant statutes and regs
– Commentary
– Helpful references to other relevant sources
• Legal Looseleafs in Print
• Diving in
Parallels
Statutes at
Large
»
Federal
Register
»
Washington
State Register
United States
Code
»
Code of
Federal
Regulations
»
Washington
Administrative
Code
Two Gallagher Shortcuts
• Research Guide on Administrative Law
Research
– http://lib.law.washington.edu/ref/admin.htm
• Washington Legal Researcher’s Deskbook
– Ch. 3: Fundamentals (pp. 64 - 69)
– Ch. 5: Administrative Materials & Decisions)
WHERE WE’VE BEEN
• Overview of Administrative Law & History
• Federal Agency Rules
• Federal Agency Decisions
• State Agency Rules and Decisions
• Helpful Hints
Thank You…….
