Adeyl Khan, Faculty, BBA, NSU Chapter 8 Indra Nooyi- “Performance with Purpose”

Adeyl Khan, Faculty, BBA, NSU

Management within an Organization

Chapter 8

Indra Nooyi- “Performance with Purpose”


What is Management?Management is the process of achieving

organizational objectives through people and other resources.

Managers•GP•BAT•Bata•Proshika


Top ManagementDevelop long-range

strategic plans for the organization.

Inspire executives and employees to achieve their vision for the company’s future.


Focus on specific operations, products, or customer groups within an organization.

Responsible for developing detailed plans and procedures to implement the firm’s strategic plans.

General ManagerBranch Manager

Division ManagerPlant Manager

Middle Management


Implement the plans developed by middle managers.

Responsible for non-manager employees.

Motivate workers to accomplish daily, weekly, and monthly goals.

SupervisorsSection chiefTeam leaders

Supervisory Management


Skills Needed for Management Success→ Technical skills

Manager’s ability to understand and use the techniques, knowledge, and tools and equipment of a specific discipline or department. Acquired/applied in First line management

→ Human skills Interpersonal skills that enable a manager to work

effectively with and through people. Communicate, motivate, lead- at all level!

→ Conceptual skills Ability to see the organization as a unified whole and to

understand how each part of the overall organization interacts with other parts. Acquiring, analyzing, and interpreting information


PlanningProcess of determining

courses of action for achieving organizational objectives.

OrganizingBlending human and

material resources through a formal structure of authority.

DirectingGuiding and motivating

employees to accomplish organizational objectives.

Controlling Evaluating an

organization’s performance to

determine whether it is accomplishing its

objectives.

Managerial Functions

Controlling Steps

•Establish performance standards.•Monitor actual performance.•Compare actual performance with established standards.•Take corrective action if required.

Adeyl Khan, Faculty, BBA, NSU8


Setting A Vision and Ethical Standards for Them• Vision is the perception of marketplace

needs and the methods an organization can use to satisfy them.

– Must be focused yet adaptable to changes in the business environment.

• Long-term success is also tied to the ethical standards that top executives set.

– High ethical standard can also encourage, motivate, and inspire employees to achieve goals.

Mr. Dell


Importance of Planning

There are different types and levels of plans

Organizations should have a comprehensive planning framework.From mission statement to objectives and goals

Narrow functional plans

Plans outline the steps the company will take to meet outlined goals and objectives.


Planning at Different Organizational Levels


The Strategic Planning Determining primary objective of the

organization and allocating resources to achieve those

SWOT Analysis


Managers as Decision Makers• Decision making is the process of

recognizing a problem or opportunity, evaluating alternative solutions, selecting and implementing an alternative, and assessing the results.

• Programmed decision involves simple, common problems with predetermined solutions.

• Nonprogrammed decision involves a complex, unique problem or opportunity with important consequences for the organization.


How Managers Make Decisions


• Leadership is the ability to direct or inspire people to attain organizational goals.

• Involves the use of influence or power.

• Three leadership traits:– Empathy

– Self-awareness

– Objectivity in dealing with others

Sources of powerPosition

Expertise/experience

Personality Humorous Energetic

Fair

Lead by Example!

Managers as Leaders


Autocratic Leadership

• Make decisions on own without consulting employees.

Democratic Leadership

• Involve employees in decisions, delegate assignments and ask employees for suggestions.

Free-Rein Leadership

• Leave most decisions to employees.

Leadership Styles

Empowerment


Corporate CultureOrganizations system of principles, beliefs,

and values.

Influenced by Managerial philosophies, communications

networks, and workplace environments and practices …


Organizational Structures• Organization: Blending human and material resources

through a formal structure of tasks and authority. Structured grouping of people working together to achieve common goals.

• Three key elements:– Human interaction

– Goal-directed activities

– Structure


Organizational ChartHow to organize?

Depends on firm’s goals and competitive strategy, the type of product it offers, the way it uses technology to accomplish work, and its size.

employees understand how their work fits within the overall operationAs a company grows …


Departmentalization• Process of dividing work activities into units

within the organization. • Product departmentalization: organized based on the

goods and services a company offers.

• Geographical departmentalization: organized by geographical regions within a country or, for a multinational firm, by region throughout the world.

• Customer departmentalization: organized by the different types of customers the organization serves.

• Functional departmentalization: organized by business functions such as finance, marketing, human resources, and production.

• Process departmentalization: organized by work processes necessary to complete production of goods or services.


Different Forms of Departmentalization


Delegating Work Assignments• Delegation is the act of assigning work activities to

subordinates.– The responsibility and the necessary authority for

completing tasks.

– Accountability means that employees are responsible for the results of the ways they perform their assignments; they must accept the consequences of their actions (results of the way they performed).

– Authority and responsibility move down; accountability moves up.

• Span of management is the number of subordinates, or direct reports, a supervisor manages. First line managers!

• Centralization: decision making is retained at the top of the management hierarchy.

• Decentralization: decision making is located at the lower levels. Many firms believe it enhances their flexibility and responsiveness to customer needs.


Types of Organization Structures Line Organizations

• Oldest and simplest form; direct flow of authority from CEO to subordinates.

• Chain of command indicates who directs which activities and who reports to whom.

Line-and-Staff Organizations

• Combines line departments and staff departments.

• Line departments participate directly in decisions that affect the core operations of the organization.

• Staff departments lend specialized technical support.


Committee Organizations• Authority and responsibility are in the

hands of a group of individuals.

• Often part of a line-and-staff structure.

• Often develop new products • Different departments work together.

• Tend to act slowly and conservatively.

• Often make decisions by compromising conflicting interests rather than choosing best alternative.


Advantages:

Flexibility in adapting to changes.

Focus on major problems or products.

Outlet for employees’ creativity and initiative.

Challenges:

Integrating skills of many specialists into a

coordinated team.

Employee frustration and confusion over reporting to

two bosses.

Matrix Organizations• Project management structure that links employees from different parts

of the organization to work together on specific projects.

• Employees report to a line manager and a project manager.


Think of a company with which you are familiar— either one you work for or

one with whom you conduct business as a customer. Consider ways in which the

organization can meet the needs of its marketplace. Then write a sentence or

two describing what you think the organization’s vision is—or should be.

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Define management and the skills necessary for managerial success.

Explain the role of vision and ethical standards.

Summarize the benefits of planning and distinguish strategic, tactical, and operational planning.

Describe the strategic planning process.

Contrast the types of business decisions and list the steps in the decision-making process.

Define leadership and compare different styles of leadership.

Discuss the meaning and importance of corporate culture.

Identify forms of departmentalization and types of organization structures.

Learning

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Adeyl Khan, Faculty, BBA, NSU Chapter 8 Indra Nooyi- “Performance with Purpose”

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Transcript of Adeyl Khan, Faculty, BBA, NSU Chapter 8 Indra Nooyi- “Performance with Purpose”