Addressing the unemployment challenge through mobile ...Digital microwork is defined as “a form of...
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Addressing the unemployment challenge through mobile digital microwork Informa(on Systems Department University of Cape Town Pitso Tsibolane “Pla:orms, livelihoods, and consumer benefits” Communica@on Policy Research South (CPRSouth) Conference 2018 Sep 03rd – 5th 2018, Maputo, Mozambique ©WikiMedia Informa(on Systems Department University of Cape Town Zaakirah Roomaney Informa(on Systems Department University of Cape Town Prof Jean-Paul van Belle
Transcript of Addressing the unemployment challenge through mobile ...Digital microwork is defined as “a form of...
Addressingtheunemploymentchallengethroughmobiledigitalmicrowork
Informa(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
PitsoTsibolane
“Pla:orms,livelihoods,andconsumerbenefits”Communica@onPolicyResearchSouth(CPRSouth)Conference2018Sep03rd–5th2018,
Maputo,Mozambique
©WikiMedia
Informa(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
ZaakirahRoomaneyInforma(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
ProfJean-PaulvanBelle
Crow
dsou
rcingap
plica@
ons CrowdCrea@on
Collec@veIntelligence
CrowdVo@ng
CrowdFunding
Microwork/Micro-tasking
Crowdsourcingapplica@oncategories(Chiu,Liang,&Turban,2014)
MobileDigitalMicroworkinSouthAfricaDigital microwork is defined as “a form of paid crowdsourcing, that promotes the completion of small, and yet tedious (digital) tasks by workers located across different geographical areas for a reasonable wage” (Mtsweni & Burge III, 2014, p. 3).
Benefits of Microwork
Barriers-Infrastructural
• Internet• Electricity• Technology• Banking/Payments
-Skillsandeduca@on-Lackofawareness
Theproblem
Graham,M.,Lehdonvirta,V.,Wood,A.,Barnard,H.,Hjorth,I.,Simon,D.P.(2017).TheRisksandRewardsofOnlineGigWorkAtTheGlobalMargins.Oxford:OxfordInternetIns(tute.hOps://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/publica(ons/gigwork.pdf
JobInsecurity
Discrimina@on
Isola@on
Exploita@on
OpacityIntermedia@on
• There exists a dearth of knowledge regarding the experiences, attitudes, challenges and barriers faced at an individual level by mobile digital microworkers.
• Need to explore how these
factors influence the potential and actual participation in mobile digital microwork.
ResearchObjec@ves• PrimaryObjec@ve:Inves(gatethea"tudes,experiencesandbarriersthatrelatetomobiledigitalmicrowork.
• ResearchFocus:Perspec(vesofexis(ngandpoten(almobiledigitalmicroworkers
• ResearchMo@va@on:Dearthofempiricaldataregardingmobilemicroworkinpar(cularfromtheperspec(veofSouthAfricanmobiledigitalmicroworkers
Whatarethemo@va@onalfactorsofdigitalmicrowork
inSouthAfrica?
Exploratory,Explanatory&Descrip@ve.
ResearchApproach• DataCollec@on
– AnonlinesurveydevelopedusingQualtrics.– Recruitmentonsocialmedia-Facebook– Currentmicroworkersandthoseintendingtobemicroworkers– Closedandopenendedques(ons
• Instrument– 4parts:a)Demographicfocus,b)Intrinsic,c)ExtrinsicMo(vators&d)Barriers
• Responses– Therewereatotalof148responsesofwhich125werevalidresponses.
• Analysis– Distribu(onanalysis,factoranalysis,Reliabilitytes(ng,mul(pleregression– 5-pointLickertscale
Self-Determina@onTheory(SDT)model
• Self-Determina(onTheory(SDT),atheoryofworkmo(va(on(Gagne&Deci,2005).
• SDTisuniqueinitsfocusonthe“rela(vestrengthofautonomous(intrinsic)versuscontrolled(extrinsic)mo(va(on,ratherthanonthetotalamountofmo(va(on”
AdaptedSDTforMicrowork
Results:Demographics
Seekers
Workers
Results:Micro-taskPreferences
Results:Percep@onsofMicrowork
Results:Mo@vatorsformicrowork
MainResearchFindings• H1:ExtrinsicMo@va@ons:FinancialRewardsleadtoPar<cipa<on
– Financialrewardsareposi(velyassociatedwithaworkermo(va(ontopar(cipateinmobilemicrowork.H1ismostlysupported
• H2:IntrinsicMo@va@ons:EnjoymentneedsleadtoPar<cipa<on– Majorityofitemsindicateaposi(verela(onship.H2ismostlysupported
• H3:Employment:EmploymentStatusleadstoPar<cipa<on– Thereisasta(s(callysignificantcorrela(onbetweenemploymentstatuswithpar(cipa(oninmobilemicrowork.H3issupported
• H4:Awareness:VisibilityleadstoAwarenesswhichleadstoPar<cipa<on– Thereisnosta(s(callysignificantcorrela(onbetweenvisibilityofmicroworkopportuni(esandactualpar(cipa(oninmobilemicroworkinoursample.
– H4isnotsupported
Recommenda@ons• Skillsdevelopmentini(a(vesthataretargetedatthetypeofjobstypically
offeredonmicroworkandotherdigitallaborplaeormsarerequired.• Governmentandprivatesectorinterven(onregarding:
– Thecostofinternetaccess(data),– Thedevelopmentofphysicalandtelecommunica@onsinfrastructureformicroworkandother
digitalpla:ormwork
• Thereisaneedforawarenessini(a(vestopromoteallthevariousdigitallabortypesandmicroworkopportuni(esavailableoutsideofthecurrentonlineportals.
• Thereisaneedformicroworkpoliciesandregula(onstogovernaspectssuchas:– Fairremunera@on– Fairworkprinciplesandinterna@onaltaxa@on
Addressingtheunemploymentchallengethroughmobiledigitalmicrowork
Informa(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
PitsoTsibolane
“Pla:orms,livelihoods,andconsumerbenefits”Communica@onPolicyResearchSouth(CPRSouth)Conference2018Sep03rd–5th2018,
Maputo,Mozambique
©WikiMedia
Informa(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
ZaakirahRoomaneyInforma(onSystemsDepartmentUniversityofCapeTown
ProfJean-PaulvanBelle
Thanksforlistening
