Addressing road injuries in Western Asia: A public health perspective
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Addressing road injuries in Western Asia: A public health perspective
Adnan A. Hyder, MD MPH PhD
International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health,
Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
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Road traffic injury improvements in the 20th Century in high income countries:
A Public Health Success Story!
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What accounts such a decline in RTI fatalities?
• Speed control
• Roadway designs
• MV safety standards
• Visibility
• Seat belt use
• Car seat use
• Drinking and driving
• Helmets
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Impact of Seat Belts:
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Traffic injuries – what works?Interventions for RTI: Newly recognized needs…
Visibility Aids Helmets for Kids
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Evidence based interventions for further consideration
• Child safety seat laws with distribution and education programs
• Primary seat belt laws with active enforcement
• Graduated driver’s licensing programs
• Sobriety checkpoints, minimum drinking age laws, .08 BAC legislation
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Cost Effective Interventions Exist
Intervention Cost per Disability Adjusted Life Year
Improved enforcement
(LMIC average)
$5.25
Speed bumps at top 25%ile dangerous junctions (LMIC average)
$8.89
Bicycle helmets
(China)
$107
Motorcycle helmets
(Thailand)
$467
(Bishai and Hyder, 2006)
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For Child Road Traffic Injuries:
Investment of US$ 1 in…
Reaps savings/benefits of
US$
Child restraints 29
Bicycle helmets 29
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How did these changes occur?
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How did these changes occur?
• Comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approaches
• Government leadership
• Sustained commitment to research
• Advocacy and public support
IOM, 1999; MMWR, 1999
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The Focus of Road Safety…
On protecting people
On the pursuit of “efficiency” and “effectiveness”
Such a systems approach will deliver interventions which provide the largest reduction of injuries and deaths
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• Identify a lead agency in government to guide the national road traffic safety effort.
• Assess the problem, policies and institutional settings.• Prepare a national road safety strategy and plan of
action. • Allocate financial and human resources to address the
problem. • Implement specific actions to prevent crashes, minimize
injuries and their consequences and evaluate the impact of these actions.
• Support the development of national capacity and international cooperation.
Recommendations World Report 2004:
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Institutional Base
Interventions
Results
A Systems-Based Public HealthApproachTo Road InjuryPrevention
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Thank you!
Dr. Adnan Hyder
International Injury Research Unit
www.jhsph.edu/IIRU