Addressing College Gambling: A Look at Science-Based Policies and Programs for Preventing and...

Addressing College Gambling:A Look at Science-Based Policies and Programs for Preventing and Reducing

Gambling-Related Harms

<NAME OF SCHOOL><DATE>

NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESPONSIBLE GAMING | 2

''Gambling has become the new rite of passage on college campuses, the way binge drinking once was. I'm glad to see colleges are pulling their heads out of the sand on this issue. This is very encouraging.''

- Greg Hogan Sr. of Ohio, in an article by the Allentown Morning Call

Hogan’s son, who had been Lehigh's freshman class president, robbed an Allentown bank in 2005 to fund his online gambling addiction.

Research on College Gambling



75 Percent of College Students Gambled During the Past Year,

Whether Legally or Illegally

Barnes et al., 2010

(83 percent male; 67 percent female)

Estimate of at risk/problem gambling: 6 %

Games College Students Play

Game Percentage

Lottery 41%

Card Games 38%

Office pools, raffles, charitable 38%

Sports betting 23%

Games of skill (bowling, golf, basketball) 20%

Casino gambling 15%

Bingo 13%

Slot machines, poker machines 10%

Dice 8%

Pull tabs 8%

Horses, dogs 7%

Video keno 4%

Trading cards 3 %

Internet gambling 3%

Barnes et al., 2010


Correlates of College Student Gambling

Compared to their non-gambling counterparts, students who had gambled in the past year had higher rates of:

Binge drinking

Marijuana use

Cigarette use

Illicit drug use

Unsafe sex after drinking

LaBrie et al., 2003

Compared to students without gambling problems, students with gambling problems are more likely to:

Use tobacco

Use alcohol, drink heavily or binge drink, and get drunk

Use marijuana or other illegal drugs

Drive under the influence

Have a low GPA

Correlates of College Student Gambling

LaBrie et al., 2003



College Students and Mental Disorders

Increase in psychiatric disorders among college students in recent years

Dramatic advances in antidepressants and other drugs during the past 30 years have enabled more students with depression, anxiety and other psychiatric disorders to attend college

Kadison, & DiGeronimo, 2004; Gallagher, 2004


Gambling Disorders & Co-occurring Psychiatric and Addictive Disorders

Among pathological gamblers: 75% had an alcohol disorder 38% had a non-alcohol, drug-use disorder 60% were nicotine dependent Nearly 50% had experienced a mood disorder 41.3% experienced an anxiety disorder 60.8% experienced a personality disorder

Petry & Grant, 2005


College Policies on Alcohol and Gambling


Prevalence of College Alcohol or Gambling Policies in U.S. Colleges and Universities

Alcohol: 100%Gambling: 22%

Shaffer et al, 2005


Conclusions

Lack of college policies on gambling and recovery signify missed opportunities to:Inform students about the risks of excessive gamblingProvide recovery-oriented measures designed to support student persistence

Shaffer et al, 2005

Task Force on College Gambling Policies

A project of the Division on Addictions at Cambridge Health Alliance, a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School

andThe National Center for Responsible Gaming


National Center for Responsible Gaming

Established as a nonprofit in 1996 to help individuals and families affected by gambling disorders by:

Supporting the finest peer-reviewed, scientific research into pathological and youth gambling

Encouraging practical applications of research findings to improve prevention, diagnostic, intervention and treatment strategies

Advancing public education about gambling disorders and responsible gaming


Schools Represented on Task Force

Bridgewater State College George Fox University Harvard University Lehigh University Mississippi State

University Oregon State University

• University of Alabama• University of Denver• University of Missouri• University of Nevada, Las Vegas• University of Nevada, Reno• Villanova University


Task Force on College Gambling Policies

Report translates what we know about college gambling and related problems into a blueprint for developing college policies designed to: Help reduce gambling problems among studentsEnable students who are struggling with addiction to fully participate in college life


Task Force: Guiding Principles

Health promotion must include attention to both mental and physical health

Policies on gambling and alcohol should support student persistence in schools

Gambling policies should be integrated into policies/programs focused on alcohol and other drugs

continued


Task Force: Guiding Principles

Institutions should be proactive in response to college gambling and drinking

Policies should be grounded in empirical research published in peer-reviewed scientific journals

Policies should be enforceable to prevent students from losing respect for the rule of law


A Call to Action

Addressing College Gambling:

Recommendations for Science-based

Policies and Programs


Task Force Recommendations1. Establish a campus-wide committee to develop and monitor a

comprehensive policy on gambling. Alternative: Add gambling to agenda of existing committees focused on alcohol.

2. Ensure that college policies are consistent with local, state, and federal laws. Examine current policies Disseminate information campus-wide on laws affecting gambling Encourage campus security to collaborate with local law enforcement


Task Force Recommendations

3. Strive for consistency and universal application with prohibitions and restrictions on gambling and alcohol use at special events. Be prepared for conflicts of interest when attempting to restrict or prohibit

gambling and alcohol use at on-campus events. Consider the potential for sending mixed messages about alcohol and gambling. Encourage organizations to use non-gambling themes for special events.



4. Promote campus-community collaborations that focus on reducing problems with student drinking and gambling. Develop relationships with local gambling operators to encourage restrictions on

advertising and ensure that laws on underage gambling are enforced.

5. Encourage adjustments in disciplinary action applied to violators of gambling rules if the student seeks assistance from health or counseling services.



6. Make reasonable accommodations for students focused on recovery from a problem with gambling or alcohol. Allow students who need time off to focus on recovery from a gambling or alcohol

disorder to take a medical leave of absence.

Make reasonable accommodations allowing students involved in off-campus treatment to continue in classes.

Allow students who withdraw and are no longer eligible for a refund to appeal the process citing gambling or alcohol problems as an extenuating circumstance beyond the control of the student involved.


Task Force Recommendations7. Measure student attitudes, behaviors, and problems with gambling

through campus surveys or by incorporating such measures into existing campus health-related surveys.

8. Promote campus-wide awareness of (1) pathological gambling as a mental health disorder that has a high rate of comorbidity with alcohol use and other addictive disorders, and (2) responsible gaming principles.

9. Employ evidence-based strategies to identify and help students with gambling and alcohol problems.



10. Strengthen the capacity of counseling services to identify and treat gambling disorders. Assess the ability of counseling staff to meet the needs of students with gambling

problems and provide additional training if necessary. Encourage referrals to off-campus treatment providers who are certified

specialists in the area of addiction treatment. Specify the availability of services and promote them to students through a wide

variety of media.


A Call to Action

Addressing College Gambling: Recommendations for Science-based Policies and Programs

Available for free download at

www.ncrg.org


<SCHOOL’S> Resources to Address Gambling

<ADD INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR SCHOOL’S EXISTING EFFORTS, PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVES HERE.>


National Center for Responsible Gaming

www.ncrg.org

For More Information

http://www.ncrg.org/

Addressing College Gambling: A Look at Science-Based Policies and Programs for Preventing and...

Documents

Transcript of Addressing College Gambling: A Look at Science-Based Policies and Programs for Preventing and...