ADD-COAT-7954 Eastman cellulose esters in automotive ... · We officially have 13 grades of CAB but...
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Automotive coatings Improving efficiency, enhancing aesthetics Eastman cellulose esters ADD-COAT-7954
Transcript of ADD-COAT-7954 Eastman cellulose esters in automotive ... · We officially have 13 grades of CAB but...
Automotive coatingsImproving efficiency, enhancing aesthetics
Eastman cellulose estersADD-COAT-7954
Agenda
Cellulose esters overview
Desired attributes for automotive coatings
Improving application and appearance• Cellulose esters in basecoats
Conventional low/medium solids solventborne basecoats Higher solids solventborne basecoats
• Cellulose esters in clear and top coats High solids clear coats
Introduction to cellulose esters
Produced from renewable sustainable raw materials
Eastman supplies free flowing powders
CAB/CAP solution
Eastman cellulose esters come from renewable sources and have unique properties that enhance the application and aesthetics of automotive coatings
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Eastman cellulose ester polymers are produced from one of nature’s most abundant and sustainable natural polymers cellulose. Depending on the grade of polymer used, up to 60% of the resin can be renewable bio polymer
Cellulose esters
A product of the reaction between organic acids and anhydrides with cellulose:
• Acetic acid/anhydride• Butyric acid/anhydride• Propionic acid/anhydride
Cellulose acetate (CA)
Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)
Cellulose acetate propionate (CAP)
Eastman cellulose esters are available in a wide variety of formats and dispersions for versatility in use to achieve desired formulation and coatings attributes.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Cellulose esters have been used in printing ink and coatings systems for many years. They are the reaction products of natural cellulose with acetic (CA) and either butyric or propionic anhydride (CAB or CAP).
Code designationExample Eastman cellulose acetate butyrate
CAB 38 1 0.1- -Cellulose
acetate butyrateApproximate butyrl
content at trimester stage (wt%)
Number ofOH-groups per fouranhydroglucose units
Falling-ball viscosity (s)
Use solubility and molecular weight details for effective formulation and solvent choices
Chain packing CA vs. CAB
Acetate molecule Butyrate molecule
Understanding chain packing impacts solubility parameters and solvent choice
Presenter
Presentation Notes
If we consider the case of the simplest cellulose ester – cellulose acetate. The acetate chemical group is a relatively small molecule and hence the polymer chains in CA are relatively closely packed together. This has the effect of limiting solubility (and compatibility) since only relatively small solvent molecules such as short chain ketones can penetrate between the chains to solubilize the polymer. For most typical coating and ink applications such solvents are of limited use as they are typically too fast evaporating. However this property of cellulose acetate polymers explains why they have such high chemical and solvent resistance.
R1,R2,R3 – Acetyl, butyryl/propyl or H
Eastman cellulose esters for coatings application
Celluloseacetate
Cellulose acetate propionate
Cellulose acetate butyrate
Pharmaceutical and other products
Automotive coatings:Cellulose esters enable high quality, compliant
systems with higher solids
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This is our standard range of cellulose ester materials. The most commonly used range of products for automotive applications is the CAB products. We officially have 13 grades of CAB but due to the precise nature of the automotive industry, typically paint producers will want to closely control parameters such as viscosity and as a result it is common for an automotive paint producer to select materials with closer specification tolerances than the general purpose standard products. The Solus™ range of products are cellulose esters which have been developed for more compliant paint systems such as high(er) solids systems of waterborne products.
Segment Overview
Needs in automotive applicationsImproving application and aesthetics
Automotive OEM needs Flow and leveling (gloss/smoothness) Metallic flake alignment (brightness) Reduced drying time (throughput)
Automotive refinish needs Improved atomization (uniformity) Reduced surface defects (1st pass yield) Rheology (application and appearance)
Metallic basecoatsDetails and desired attributes
Designers use metallic paint and special effect pigments to enhance flow lines in body panels and other components.
Metallic basecoats allow the use of a mixture of materials on a vehicle which all have the same appearance.
• Body coloured plastic components – bumpers, wing mirrors, and more.• Coated alloy wheels or plastic wheel trims
Coated plastic components are generally cheaper, lighter, and more versatile than using actual metal components.
Coatings can be given different tactile qualities such as soft feel and visual effects such as matt/glossy appearance.
Consistent appearance across all vehicle components is crucial and can be impacted by ingredient and formulation choices
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Metallic basecoats are applied to a dry film thickness of around 15 microns, allowed to touch dry (the CAB’s hardness allows the basecoat to become touch dry), and then the solvent based clear coat is applied on top to a dry film thickness of around 45 microns. Even though the basecoat contains around 10% residual solvent, the CAB’s high molecular weight prevents redissolving of the basecoat by the clear coat solvents.
Segment Challenges Addressed by CAB and CAP
Viscosity of CAB permits application of heavy basecoat
As solvent evaporates, film shrinks, flake orientation begins
Aluminum pigment (flakes)
Clear coat
CAB prevents solvents in clear topcoat from redissolving basecoat
How CAB functions in metallic basecoats
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This diagram illustrates the previous CAB containing slide explanations. The use of CAB allows the application of low/medium solids basecoats at the correct application viscosity at a relatively high film thickness. As the solvent evaporates from the coating film the flakes become orientated in a parallel direction to the substrate. Finally a solvent borne top coat can be applied wet on wet above the CAB containing basecoat. The high Tg and Mw of the CAB in the basecoat resists re-dissolving by the solvents in the top coat.
T1
With CAB
Time
Solution viscosity
T2
V
No CAB
Solution viscosity
With CAB, solution viscosity increases more rapidly
Presenter
Presentation Notes
If the solvent from a resin solution is allowed to evaporate, the solution viscosity increases with time as depicted here. The rate of viscosity increase depends on the resin molecular weight but it tends to be a fairly slow increase as shown here when no CAB is added. When CAB is added, the viscosity increases much more rapidly such that a viscosity “V” is attained in a shorter time T1 compared to T2.
Comparing metallic flake orientationCoatings with and without CAB
With Eastman CAB viscosity changes more quickly, allowing for better metallic flake
orientation at the right time of the drying process
Without Eastman CAB metallic flake orientation is
hindered based on less desirable viscosity during drying
Presenter
Presentation Notes
WITH CAB: In the case of the metallic basecoat containing CAB, at time T1 i.e. a specific viscosity where the metallic flakes are not free to rotate in a low viscous environment, this occurs when the coating still contains a significant amount of solvent. The evaporation of this solvent must still occur and this results in higher film shrinkage which pulls the metallic flakes parallel to the substrate. WITHOUT CAB, the specific viscosity where the flakes are free to move happens at a much longer point in time where much more of the original solvent has evaporated. The amount of film shrinkage is therefore reduced and as such there is limited orientation of the flakes
Improved flake orientationIndications of ideal flip flop
90°
45°
Highest coating brightness at direct view
With CAB Without CAB
Coating appears progressively darker at angle view
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Metallic flake orientation can be assessed visually and described as ‘flip flop’ or metallic travel. Good flake orientation describes the situation where the face brightness is high i.e. when viewed directly face on the panel has its highest brightness. As the panel is tilted the metallic coating appears progressively darker. There are instruments which can be used to measure this and by applying calculations at multiple viewing angles they produce a numerical value described as a flop index value. The higher the number the higher the metallic travel.
Tuning the properties of coatings
What if… Attributes increase Attributes decrease
Butyryl content of cellulose esters increases?
Flexibility Chemical resistance
Solubility Grease resistance
Hydrocarbon tolerance Hardness
Compatibility ―
Hydroxyl content of cellulose esters increases?
Water tolerance Moisture resistance
Alcohol tolerance Alcohol resistance
Hardness ―
Reactivity ―
Cellulose ester viscosityincreases?
Melting point Compatibility (very slightly)
Toughness Solubility (slightly)
― Solution nonvolatile at fixed viscosity
Cellulose esters are versatile problem solvers that offer formulators many options to achieve desired application and coating attributes
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The effect of increased butyral content of a cellulose ester polymer can be seen here. For most coatings applications the grade of CE used represents a compromise between solubility/compatibility and resistance characteristics. The most common grade of CAB used for 2K industrial wood coatings for furniture is CAB 381 0.5. This product provides an excellent balance of physical drying and hardness development together with good compatibility and chemical resistance. Most often different grades of CAB from the 381 series will be combined by customers to give the required application viscosity The hydroxyl content of the CE polymer also has an influence on the solubility of the polymer since the more OH the higher the solubility in more polar solvents such as alcohols. Higher OH content can also increase hydrogen bonding effects and therefore hardness can be higher. Since Eastman’s CE polymers are produced with a range of solution viscosities, this allows the possibility to blend different products from the range to achieve a specific target viscosity for example open pore wood effects which requires the correct application viscosity and solids content to be effective. The higher Mw cellulose ester polymers are often used to control and regulate the overall viscosity of a formulation and are thus used more like problem-solving additives.
Results for cellulose esters in metallic base coats
Conventional solventborne basecoatsSolus 2300 in higher solids solventborne basecoatsCellulose esters in clear coat and topcoat systems
Eastman cellulose acetate butyrate for conventional solventborne basecoats
Component Weight Description Supplier
Alpate 7106 NS 61.0 Metallic pigment Toyal Europe
Butyl acetate 61.0
Xylene 35.5
Cerafak 106 120.0 Wax Byk Chemie
Setal 90173 SS-50 320.0 Polyester resin Nuplex Resins
Dow Corning 56 (10% in butyl acetate) 7.0 Flow aid Dow Corning
Byk P104 S 0.5 Wetting aid Byk Chemie
Eastman CAB 381-0.5 (20% in butyl acetate) 360.0 Eastman
Butyl acetate 35.0
Total 1000.0
Property Value Test method
Application viscosity at 23°C 16–18 sec DIN cup 4
Solids content 20%
Technical data
Typical refinish metallic basecoat formulation
Butyl acetate till application viscosity
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This slide shows a typical CAB containing metallic basecoat formulation. The main binder used in this formulation is a polyester
Ingredient Typical amount Function
Binder (polyester or acrylic) 40–60% of total solids Appearance, depth of image (DOI), physical properties
Cellulose ester 15–35% of total solids Flake orientation, fast drying, prevents re-dissolve by top coat
Melamine resin 15–30% of total solids Inter-coat adhesion
Polyethylene wax dispersion 5–10% of total solids Helps appearance, reduces mottling
Metallic flake (aluminium) 10–15% of total solids Metallic effect, substrate hiding
Solvent To application viscosity (20 Sec. DIN 4 flow cup)
Fluidity, regulates drying time; solids at application viscosity typically > 20%
Additives As needed Flow, levelling
Typical components of a basecoat explained
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The main components and function of the ingredients of a basecoat are described here.
Flake orientationConfocal microscopy
Without CAB
With CAB
With CAB, metallic flakes align flat and reflect more light, enhancing appearance
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This image was captured using a confocal microscope which scans the basecoat at different depth levels and provides a topographic view of the surface. The smoother the surface (the system with CAB), the more the orientation.
Visual affect of metallic flake orientation
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Metallic flakes can be thought of as being relatively flat in profile. A typical automotive grade Al is described as silver dollar types since the flakes resemble flat silver coins or discs. Any pigment (or additive) which has a flat profile will be brought into a parallel orientation due to the film shrinkage brought about by having CAB in the basecoat. I the illustration here coated mica pigments are orientated to produce a colour shift effect where the light is reflected at different angles to give different reflected colours.
Resistance to redissolve by clear coat
CAB in the basecoat allows wet on wet application of clear coat without redissolve, which can alter appearance
With CABNo color change
Without CABVisual color change
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This slide illustrates the re-dissolve resistance of a green metallic basecoat with and without CAB. The shade of the green basecoat was identical before the top coat was applied which re-dissolved the non-CAB system altering the appearance.
Reducing redissolveSEM images of basecoat/clearcoat interphase
Clean interphase indicating lower redissolve of the basecoat layer
Redissolve can negatively impact appearance
Diffuse interphase due to solvent migration into the basecoat layer
Poorer alignment of Al flakes
Without CAB With CAB
Presenter
Presentation Notes
A microscopic image of a cross section of a basecoat clearcoat system shows 1. without CAB metallic flakes are not aligned in a parallel direction and 2. the boundary between the basecoat and clearcoat is not clearly defined showing that the top coat has re-dissolved the basecoat
Effect of increasing the level of CABDelivers enhanced aesthetic properties
Improves appearance
Smoother, more uniform paint film
More consistent metallic flake orientation
Improved color consistency
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The type and amount of CAB resin in a basecoat can have a big influence on the basecoat/clearcoat system. Whilst adding more CAB will generally increase the drying speed and typically brightness (to a point), it also will increase the resistance to re-dissolve by the clearcoat. If taken to excess, this resistance to re-dissolve can actually lead to low adhesion between the basecoat and clearcoat resulting in adhesion failure. The normal course of action to resolve this effect is to reduce the amount of CAB or use a lower Mw or even a different grade of CAB which gives a controlled amount of re-dissolve which maintains appearance but allows enough controlled redissolve to allow the top coat to ‘bite’ into the basecoat to give adhesion.
Solus 2300 for higher solid automotive solventborne basecoats
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Traditional cellulose esters achieve flake orientation by generally reducing the coating solids at application viscosity thus maximizing film shrinkage. One consequence of this however is that the solids content is typically low/medium solids and the corresponding VOC content can be relatively high. In some applications and markets waterborne basecoat technology has replaced solventborne products. However there are locations in the world where water is in short supply and there is a conflict between using water for industrial use or for agriculture etc. Solus 2300 is a product which has been developed to provide flake orientation in solventborne basecoats having almost double the coating solids of traditional basecoats thus reducing the amount of solvent use significantly.
Eastman Solus™ 2300 performance additiveAutomotive OEM basecoat performance
Generic OEM basecoat formulationFormulation Wt % Formulation/application data
Polyester polyol (60% NVa) 44.0 Solids as prepared (%) prior to reducing to spray viscosity 46.9
Melamine resin (70% NVa) 18.5 Application viscosity (#4 Ford cup), seconds 20.06
Solus™ 2300 (40% in n-butyl acetate) 9.4 Theoretical solids (%) 39.6
Wax dispersion (5% NVa) 19.8 Measured solids (%) at application 39.40
Flow additive 0.7 Density (lb/gal) 8.25
Aluminum flake (70% NVa) 6.6 Density (g/l) 989
Solvent blendb 1.0
Total: 100.0
Butyl acetate till application viscositya NV = Non-volatileb Solvent blend = xylene/aromatic (50/50)
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The attached formulation illustrates a metallic basecoat having a solids content at application viscosity of almost 40%. This is significantly higher (double) the traditional low/medium solids products. Note this can not be described as true high solids which typically relates to ready to use coatings with solids above 65% or in regions such as Europe where VOC categories are used <420g/litre VOC
Automotive OEM basecoat With Solus 2300
Control
Avg RMS : 4.69 um FI : 7.1
Avg RMS = 2.36 umFI : 10.1
Avg RMS = 2.08 umFI : 13.4
Top view
Side view
Solus 2300 Solus 2300 / microgel
With Solus, metallic flakes align flat and reflect more light, enhancing appearance
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This coating with Solus 2300 has excellent metallic flake orientation properties compared to a control formulation. Our study also showed a positive effect when Solus 2300 is used in basecoats in combination with microgels which are additives sometimes seen in metallic basecoats to alter rheology/flake orientation
Eastman Solus 2300Additional benefits to basecoats
Helps in lowering volatile organic compounds (VOC)
Superior performance• Optimized flake control/face brightness• Enhanced distinctness of image (DOI)• Reduced dry-to-touch times• Improved re-dissolve/strike-in resistance• Smoother films
Greater productivity by enabling higher solids
Reduced defects during and after coatings application
Cellulose esters in clear and top coat systems
Presenter
Presentation Notes
As well as using cellulose esters in metallic basecoat systems, CEs find widespread use in clearcoat applications.
Automotive clear coat Desired application and appearance attributes
Application
Faster dry to touch Improved flow and leveling and sag resistance
Improved hardness development
Appearance
Improved distinctness of image (DOI) Reduced defects
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Metallic basecoats are applied to a dry film thickness of around 15 microns, allowed to touch dry (the CAB’s hardness allows the basecoat to become touch dry), and then the solvent based clear coat is applied on top to a dry film thickness of around 45 microns. Even though the basecoat contains around 10% residual solvent, the CAB’s high molecular weight prevents re-dissolving of the basecoat by the clear coat solvents.
Refinish clear coat formulation
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%Ac
rylic
+10%
Cel
lulo
se e
ster
Solvent
Additives
Curing agent
Cellulose ester
Polyol
Control Novel approach
Acrylic resin (75% n-BA) 58.12 52.30
Solus 2100 (55% MIAK) - 7.92
n-Butyl acetate 6.44 7.90
MIAK 5.58 2.02
Catalyst (1% in n-BA) 2.18 2.18
Part A subtotal 72.32 72.32
HDI trimer (90% n-BA) 20.76 19.67
n-Butyl acetate 5.67 5.37
PM Acetate 3.72 3.53
Part B subtotal 30.15 28.57Thinner
(n-Butyl acetate/1-ethoxy-2-propanol acetate 60/40)
4.0 6.0
Total 106.47 106.89
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The formulation illustrated shows a high solids isocyanate cure (2K) top coat system based on an acrylic polymer with and without Solus 2100
Enhanced drying performanceWith Solus 2100
010203040506070
Control Fast Drying Acrylic Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
Sand
free
dry
tim
e (m
ins)
Fast drying acrylicControl Fast drying acrylic+10% cellulose ester
Sand
free
dry
tim
e (m
in)
15 minute drying time reduction
Reducing trying time is significant and decreases the chance of airborne contaminants to settle on wet paint and negatively impact appearance
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The addition of 10% Solus 2100 gives significant improvements in the dry to touch time. For a refinish paint shop, this level of improvement is significant since if any airborne contaminant such as dust/insects etc. landed on the control top coat whilst wet/tacky, this could result in expensive re-work
Enhanced sagging performance With Solus 2100
40
45
50
55
60
65
Fast Drying Acrylic Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
Dry
film
thic
knes
s @
sag
poi
nt (µ
m)
Fast drying acrylic Fast drying acrylic+10% cellulose ester
With Solus, higher Tg and faster solvent release mean top coats can be applied in thicker films, improving appearance and productivity
Spray application
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The relatively high Tg, and rapid solvent release of Solus 2100 also mean that the top coat system will have improved sag resistance on vertical surfaces compared to the control. Thus top coats can be applied in thicker films helping appearance and productivity.
Enhanced König hardness developmentWith Solus 2100
0
50
100
150
200
250
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Kon
ig s
econ
ds
Hardness of 2K clearcoat based after baking (60°C/30min)
Fast Drying Acrylic
Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
Time (hr)
Fast drying acrylic
Fast drying acrylic +10% cellulose ester
Solus can decrease drying time while achieving desired hardness, improving productivity
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Solus 2100 gave a significant improvement in the pendulum hardness of the formulation compared to the control. Many applicatorys complain that the newer high solids coating resins dry significantly slower then the older lower solids top coats, thus Solus 2100 can decrease drying time thus increasing productivity.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Fast Drying Acrylic Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
Visc
osity
dou
ble
time
(min
s)
Fast drying acrylic Fast drying acrylic+10% cellulose ester
Increased pot life improves productivity and eliminates unnecessary waste of materials
Enhanced pot life With Solus 2100
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The normal approach to using Solus 2100 is to replace part of the acrylic polyol (part A) of the formulation. Typically the hydroxyl content of the polyols are significantly higher than the cellulose ester (Solus 2100 in this case). Thus the reactivity of the system is reduced and the pot life (time to double in viscosity) is increased. This can increase the productivity of the paint shop as coatings which have exceeded their pot life would need to be thrown away.
Minimal VOC impactWith Solus 2100
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
Fast Drying Acrylic Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
VOC
(g/l)
Fast drying acrylic Fast drying acrylic+10% cellulose ester
With Solus, productivity and appearance can be improved while also meeting stringent VOC limits
Presenter
Presentation Notes
It is possible to achieve both improved drying, pot life and sag resistance (appearance) using Solus 2100 whilst also meeting the most stringent VOC limits.
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Fast Drying Acrylic Fast Drying Acrylic+10% Cellulose Ester
Glo
ss20
°(%
)
Gloss
Fast drying acrylic Fast drying acrylic+10% cellulose ester
8988.6
With Solus, there is insignificant impact to gloss compared to control
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The gloss of the Solus 2100 containing formulation also closely matches the control
Appearance measured by Wavescan
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
du Wa Wb Wc Wd We
Horizontal (Wavescan profile)
Fast Drying Acrylic
Fast Drying Acrylic + 10%Cellulose Ester
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SW LW
Horizontal(Short and long wave)
Fast drying acrylic
Fast drying acrylic +10% cellulose ester
With Solus, there is measurable appearance improvement
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The relatively fast solvent release, high film shrinkage and near Newtonian flow behaviour of cellulose esters mean that even at additive levels cellulose esters can reduce or eliminate coating defects such as craters, fish eyes or even picture framing (thick boundary around the edges of the coating)
Appearance
Acrylic
+10% cellulose ester
Cellulose esters reduce coating defects
Substrate
Coating
Picture framing
Pin holeCrater
Improved flow and leveling with CAB
With Eastman CAB-551-0.01Good flow / leveling
High reflection
Without CABPoor flow / leveling
Poor reflection
Pencil reflection in a coating
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The panel without CAB has a large number of craters and included a high level of “orange peel”. “Orange peel” besides being unsightly reduces the gloss and smoothness of the surface. The reduction in gloss is highlighted in the photograph which shows a reduction in the reflection of a pencil held above the surface. The panel containing CAB has eliminated the orange peel and the gloss has increased such that the reflection of the pencil is more pronounced.
CAB reduces flooding and floating in paint
Solvent evaporation leads to localized surface cooling
With CAB, rapid viscosity rise after application effectively locks pigments in position, delivering more even color and appearance
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In coating systems which are based on multiple pigment types, it is often the case that on drying the top surface of the paint cools relative to the bulk of the paint layer. This sets up thermal circulation in the paint (Eddy currents) which can result in separation of pigments with different densities, CAB eliminates this problem as the rapid viscosity rise after application effectively locks the pigments in position.
Similar mechanism for silica matting aids
Silica particle
Light LightReflected Scattered
Silica particle
Without CAB Higher solids Lower film shrinkage Higher gloss
With CAB Lower solids Higher film shrinkage Lower gloss
With CAB, the performance of matting aids such as silica is increased due to higher film shrinkage
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The film shrinkage seen in our metallic pigment orientation model can also be used to explain why cellulose esters also work synergistically with matting aids such as silica. The more of the surface of the individual silica matting aid exposed above the paint the more the scattering of light and therefore lower the gloss.
60° Gloss 2K acrylic urethane coating With silica matting aid at different film thicknesses
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Thickness(Microns)
Glo
ss
Acrylic control
1: 0.3 Acrylic: CAB
1: 0.8 Acrylic: CAB
With CAB, constant gloss levels are exhibited as dry film thickness increases.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Matting agents are added to a wide variety of coatings ranging from metal to plastic to wood coatings. As seen here in the coating without any CAB, the gloss level increases with dry film thickness increase. As the level of CAB is increased this variation in gloss diminishes. Since it is very difficult to achieve a constant dry film thickness over all of the surface of a three dimensional object, the use of CAB in the formulation facilitates a constant gloss level. One of the reasons for this effect may be the viscosity and drying characteristics of CAB as shown in the next slides. In addition, the matting efficiency with increasing levels of CAB increases, resulting in less matting agent being required to achieve any specific gloss level.
Conclusion
Cellulose esters for automotive coatingsEnhancing application and appearance
Improves application
Faster drying time Increases solution viscosity faster
Improved hardness development
Improves appearance
Smoother, more uniform paint film
More consistent metallic flake orientation
Improved color consistency
Improved flow and leveling
Delivers compliance
No negative impact to VOC Derived from renewable sources
As the world’s leading supplier of specialty cellulose esters for more than 85 years, Eastman has a long history of reliably supplying customers with consistently high-quality products manufactured using advanced processes and controls. Leveraging years of formulating experience and a diverse portfolio of more than 50 cellulose esters (CA, CAB, CAP, and C-A-P) for a variety of applications, our technical experts can provide guidance to help customers select the best cellulose ester or blend to achieve the specific performance desired for their unique application. Over the years, we’ve introduced innovative products that help meet customer needs and market demands, most recently Eastman Solus™ performance additive for high-solids coatings and Eastman membrane material products for membrane filtration. Eastman works with regulatory agencies and industry associations on behalf of our customers to advocate for policies that allow industries to thrive, enabling sustainable innovation. At Eastman, our goal is to enhance the quality of life in a material way.
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