Adapting Lizards formatted - Museum of Science€¦ · Adapting Lizards In this activity, students...

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Adapting Lizards In this activity, students will get a chance to adapt a species of lizard to its environment. Working in groups, students will take a lizard drawing packet to a different island station, each with its own, unique habitat. At first, all lizards are alike for each island, but as generations go by, each group will adapt their lizard to suit the environment of their island. Eventually, the class will end up with five different species of lizards! Materials Enough “Adapting Lizards!” printouts (pages 9-13 of this document) for each student Coloring materials (markers, colored pencils, crayons, etc…) Stapler Island habitat pages (one of each, pages 3-7 of this document) Laminator (optional) Directions Before beginning with the class, teachers should print out one of each island habitat pages (37 of this document). If they wish to use them again in the future, laminating can be helpful. Teachers should also print out and staple together “Adapting Lizards!” drawing packets, which consist of pages 812 of this document. One packet should be given to each student. Set up five stations around the room, with a different island habitat placed at each. Divide the class up into five groups, and send each group to one of the island habitats.

Transcript of Adapting Lizards formatted - Museum of Science€¦ · Adapting Lizards In this activity, students...

Adapting Lizards In this activity, students will get a chance to adapt a species of lizard to its 

environment. Working in groups, students will take a lizard drawing packet to a 

different island station, each with its own, unique habitat. At first, all lizards are 

alike for each island, but as generations go by, each group will adapt their lizard 

to suit the environment of their island. Eventually, the class will end up with five 

different species of lizards!   Materials

Enough “Adapting Lizards!” printouts (pages 9-13 of this document) for each student

Coloring materials (markers, colored pencils, crayons, etc…) Stapler Island habitat pages (one of each, pages 3-7 of this document) Laminator (optional)

Directions Before beginning with the class, teachers should print out one of each island 

habitat pages (3‐7 of this document). If they wish to use them again in the future, 

laminating can be helpful. Teachers should also print out and staple together 

“Adapting Lizards!” drawing packets, which consist of pages 8‐12 of this 

document. One packet should be given to each student. 

 

Set up five stations around the room, with a different island habitat placed at 

each. Divide the class up into five groups, and send each group to one of the 

island habitats.  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The activity can now begin. As the teacher, you will lead the class through each 

step: 

 

First, explain that everyone begins with the same species of grey lizard.  

These lizards have colonized five very different islands. 

 

They manage to survive on each island. During the first 99 generations, 

changes in the DNA occur and some lizards end up brown, others are 

green, and others are black.  

 

By the 100th generation, only one color type remains on the island. This 

color type was the most successful for the lizards. Discuss with your 

group which of the three color types would be best suited for your island 

habitat. What color will your lizards be by the 100th generation? Color in 

the lizards on your packet with the appropriate color. 

 

Next, the lizards start developing different patterns during generations 

101‐199. Some are striped, some spotted, and others splotchy.  

 

By the 200th generation, only one pattern remains on the island. This 

pattern was the most successful for the lizards. Discuss with your group 

which of the three patterns would be best suited for your island habitat. 

What pattern will your lizards have by the 200th generation? Draw the 

pattern on the lizards in your packet. The patterns may be any color that is 

helpful for living on that particular island. 

 

Next, the lizards start having different tail lengths during generations 201‐

299. Some have short, stumpy tails. Others have regular, medium‐length 

tails. Finally, some have long, winding tails.  

 

By the 300th generation, only one type of tail remains on the island. This 

tail type was the most successful for the lizards. Discuss with your group 

which of the three tail types would be best suited for your island habitat. 

Which tail type should your lizards have by the 300th generation? Add on 

this tail to the lizards in your packet. 

 

 

 

 

Next, the lizards have developed different foot types during generations 

301‐399. Some have toes with small, delicate claws. Others have toes with 

regular, durable medium claws. Finally, some have huge, thick claws.  

 

By the 400th generation, only one type of foot remains on the island. This 

was the foot type most successful for the lizards. Discuss with your group 

which of the three types of clawed foot is best suited for your island 

habitat. Which type of toe and claw will your lizards have by the 400th 

generation? Add on this foot type to the lizards in your packet. 

 

Next, the lizards have developed different diets during generations 401‐

499. Some lizards eat only plants and are herbivores. Some eat only meat 

and are carnivores. Others eat both plants and meat, and are omnivores 

By the 500th generation, only one type of diet remains. This was the diet 

most successful for the lizards. Discuss with your group which of the 

three diet types is best suited for the lizards on your island habitat. Which 

type of diet will your lizards all have by the 500th generation? Draw 

something next to the lizards in your packet that it would like to eat.  

 

Now, 500 generations later, each island has a different looking lizard, and 

they each are their own new species! Decide as a group what the name of 

the species should be, and then go ahead and draw your lizard species 

living on the island habitat. If you would like, your group can think up 

other ideas for adaptations that could be useful to your lizard! 

 

 

After the students have completed their activity, invite them to share their lizard 

species with their classmates by having each group present. Each island will be 

different! Compare and contrast the lizards that evolved on the different islands. 

Why did one adaption work for one location, but not another? Can you think of 

anywhere in the world where this might have happened in real life? (Example: the animals and plants of the Galapagos Islands).

DESERT ISLAND:

Not many plants or animals Very little water Hot days and cold nights Frequent windstorms Ground is mostly sand and rock Large birds of prey may pose a danger

MARINE ISLAND:

Pools of salt water surrounded by rocks Plants tend to be tough Fish and crabs may make their home here Not many trees for shade Ocean predators and birds of prey may pose a danger

TROPICAL RAINFOREST ISLAND:

Many plants and animals live here Water is plentiful, since it rains frequently Many animals mean many predators, so there is a lot of

danger! Can be very hot and humid Trees can grow tall, and different animals can live at each

level of the tree

MEADOW ISLAND:

Many grasses and bushes, but few trees Water can be found in ponds and streams Ground is mostly dirt covered in plants Many animals live here, including several predators Seasons change throughout the year – during certain

seasons, food becomes scarce

VOLCANIC ISLAND:

Dark rocks cover the ground Plants and animals are rare Water may form in small pools Volcanic activity can be ongoing, creating hot springs,

geysers, and sometimes even more lava

ADAPTING LIZARDS! Generation 1: In the first generation, all lizards are identical 

on each of the islands.  Generation 100: Color change! Several lizards on the island 

have been green, brown, or black for 

generations 2‐99. In generation 100, only 

one color remains – the color that has been 

most successful for the lizards! Any lizards 

having the non‐successful colors have died 

out, leaving only the one color. Which color 

is it for your lizard? Color it in! 

Generation 200: Patterns! Several lizards on the island have 

developed stripes, spots, or splotches for 

generations 101‐199. In generation 200, only 

one pattern remains – the pattern that has 

been most successful for the lizards! Any 

lizards having the non‐successful pattern 

have died out, leaving only the one pattern. 

Which pattern is it for your lizard? Color it in 

with the color from Generation 100, and add 

on the pattern!  Generation 300: Tail length! The lizards on the island have 

developed different tail lengths – short, 

medium, or long – for generations 201‐

299. In generation 300, only one type of 

tail length remains – the length that has 

been most successful for the lizards! Any 

lizards having non‐successful tail lengths 

have died out, leaving only the one tail 

length. Which tail length is it for your 

lizard? Color it in with the correct color 

and pattern from previous generations, 

and draw on the tail! 

Generation 400: Claws! The lizards on the island have 

developed different types of claws and toes 

– small, medium, and large – for 

generations 301‐399. In generation 400, only 

one type of clawed toe remains – the size 

that has been most successful for the 

lizards! Any lizards having non‐successful 

claw and toe sizes have died out, leaving 

only the one claw and toe size. What claw 

size is it for your lizard? Draw on the 

claws, and make sure to add in 

everything from the previous 

generations as well!  Generation 500: Food! The lizards on the island have 

developed different diets – carnivorous, 

herbivorous, and omnivorous – for 

generations 401‐199. In generation 500, 

only one type of diet remains – the diet 

that has been most successful for the 

lizards! Any lizards having non‐

successful diets have died out, leaving 

only the one type of diet. What type of  

diet is it for your lizard? On the lizard 

drawing, add on everything that has 

evolved for you lizard in the previous 

generations, plus draw in something it 

would like to eat! 

After 500 generations, your lizard has become a brand new species! Give the species a name, and draw it below in its island habitat! NAME OF SPECIES:

Describe below any other adaptations you think would be useful for your lizard! Go ahead and add them to your illustration!

Finally, as each group presents their lizard to the class, describe in the table below how their species compares to the species your group developed. Why do you think each species is different?

Island and Species

Similarities to your island’s

species

Differences from your island’s species

Why is this species similar to or different from your species?

Desert Island

Species:

Marine Island

Species:

Tropical Rainforest

Island Species:

Meadow Island

Species:

Volcanic Island

Species: