Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in …Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in...
Transcript of Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in …Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in...
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Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in Biotech
Cotton and Field Corn
Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in Biotech
Cotton and Field Corn
B. R. LeonardB. R. Leonard
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Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
Insecticides: Application Frequency/Total AI
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Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
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Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
Technology Enables IPM and
Delivers on the Promise
Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider
• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum •• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
Effects of Bollgard on Cotton PestsEffects of Bollgard on Cotton PestsEffects of Bollgard on Cotton Pests
TobaccoTobaccoTobaccoBudwormBudwormBudworm
PinkPinkPinkBollwormBollwormBollworm
EuropeanEuropeanEuropeanCorn BorerCorn BorerCorn Borer
CottonCottonCottonBollwormBollwormBollworm
CabbageCabbageCabbageLooperLooperLooper
SaltmarshSaltmarshSaltmarshCaterpillarCaterpillarCaterpillar
CottonCottonCottonLeaf perforatorLeaf perforatorLeaf perforator
BeetBeetBeetArmywormArmywormArmyworm
FallFallFallArmywormArmywormArmyworm
SoybeanSoybeanSoybeanLooperLooperLooper
YellowstripedYellowstripedYellowstripedArmywormArmywormArmyworm
CutwormsCutwormsCutworms
BeneficialBeneficialBeneficialInsectsInsectsInsects
Non-TargetNonNon--TargetTargetPestsPestsPests
Control Suppression 0% ControlControlControl SuppressionSuppression 0% Control0% ControlSatisfactorySatisfactorySatisfactory
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WideStrike PerformanceWideStrike Performance
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Corn Borer Pests in LACorn Borer Pests in LA
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39
17
26
14
23
47
0
10
20
30
40
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
10-Mar 25-Mar 15-Apr
LodgingLodging Yield > DK 697Yield > DK 697
Perc
ent
Perc
ent PercentPercent
Bt Bt vsvs ConventionalConventionalPlanting Dates, 2004Planting Dates, 2004
Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider
• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
• Perception.
•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
•• Perception.Perception.
• Lepidopteran Pressure• Cost of Control• Probability of Failures• Risk Management
• Lepidopteran Pressure• Cost of Control• Probability of Failures• Risk Management
IPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt CropsIPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt CropsIPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt Crops
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4.5
62 22
23
38
8885
85
89
88
89
85
90
Cotton Production Regions% Bt Cotton - 2005
Cotton Production RegionsCotton Production Regions% Bt Cotton % Bt Cotton -- 20052005
73
34
92
Midsouth - 79%Southeast - 88%West - 20%Southwest – 23%
MidsouthMidsouth -- 79%79%Southeast Southeast -- 88%88%West West -- 20%20%Southwest Southwest –– 23%23%Total US Total US -- 52%52%
PinkBollworm T. Budworm
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Bt Corn Planted AcreageBt Corn Planted AcreageBt Corn Planted Acreage
SCB/SWCB/ECB
SCB
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Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider
• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
• Perception.
• IRM.
•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
•• Perception.Perception.
•• IRM.IRM.
Refuge Field
*********************
**********************
One mile or less
One mile or less
One mile or less
80%:20% Sprayed Refuge80%:20% Sprayed Refuge80%:20% Sprayed Refuge
Bt
BtBt
Bt
Bt
Bt
Bt
Bt
Bt
(20%)Sprayed
Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider
• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
• Perception.
• IRM.
• Non-Target Problems.
•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
•• Perception.Perception.
•• IRM.IRM.
•• NonNon--Target Problems.Target Problems.
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Cotton Yield Losses - LA Insect PestsCotton Yield Losses Cotton Yield Losses -- LA Insect PestsLA Insect Pests
Adapted from Williams et al. Insect Losses Reports, BWCC
19951995 20052005
Boll WeevilBoll Weevil HeliothinesHeliothines “Bug” Pests“Bug” Pests Other PestsOther Pests
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Insecticide Application Frequency - LAInsecticide Application Frequency Insecticide Application Frequency -- LALA
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
0
3
6
9
12
15
"Bugs"Total Pests
YearYear
Num
ber o
f App
l. Num
ber of Appl.
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Pest Status of Tarnished Plant Bug Pest Status of Tarnished Plant Bug
• Altern. Hosts as Refuges (C-Till, WRP, CRP)
• Transgenic Bt Cotton
• Boll Weevil Eradication
• Selective Insecticides
• Insecticide Application Efficiency
• Insecticide Resistance
•• Altern. Hosts as Refuges (CAltern. Hosts as Refuges (C--Till, WRP, CRP) Till, WRP, CRP)
•• Transgenic Bt CottonTransgenic Bt Cotton
•• Boll Weevil EradicationBoll Weevil Eradication
•• Selective InsecticidesSelective Insecticides
•• Insecticide Application EfficiencyInsecticide Application Efficiency
•• Insecticide ResistanceInsecticide Resistance
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Moodna bisinuella HampsonA New LA Pest
Moodna bisinuella HampsonA New LA Pest
Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider
• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
• Perception.
• IRM.
• Non-Target Problems.
• Prospects for the Future.
•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum
•• Perception.Perception.
•• IRM.IRM.
•• NonNon--Target Problems.Target Problems.
•• Prospects for the Future.Prospects for the Future.
Future (3-5 Years)Future (3Future (3--5 Years)5 Years)
• Novel Products / DeliveryTarget Specific.IPM Compatible.Accepted by Industry and Public.
• Challenge: Maintain Performance Through the Logical Use of These Products in an IPM System.
•• Novel Products / DeliveryNovel Products / DeliveryTarget Specific.IPM Compatible.Accepted by Industry and Public.
•• ChallengeChallenge: Maintain Performance : Maintain Performance Through the Logical Use of These Through the Logical Use of These Products in an IPM System.Products in an IPM System.