Adaptations1

AQA Science © Nelson Thornes Ltd 2006 1

B1b Evolution and environment

Adaptations in animals

To describe how animals are adapted to live in their particular

habitat and that there is a relationship between body size and

surface area to volume ratio



Fertilisation

In sexual reproduction, fertilisation happens when a male and a female sex cell join together.



Fertilisation questionsfemale gamete

e….new cell

male gamete

s………..

z………

f……………



female gamete

eggnew cell

male gamete

sperm

zygote

fertilisation

Fertilisation answers



Variations

There are variations between members of the same species. Because of these variations, some individuals are more successful than others. In harsh conditions, the fittest survive.



Variations questionsAll ladybirds taste disgusting because they contain a ……………. chemical.

Because of ………….., some ladybirds contain more poison than ………. .

In areas where there are many birds, the more poisonous ladybirds are more likely to ………… .

poisonous

variationothers

survive

Corel 103(NT)



Sexual reproduction

In sexual reproduction, genetic information from two parents is mixed to make a new

plan for the offspring. This leads to variation between members of a species.



Sexual reproduction questions

• When eggs and sperm (………….) are made• genetic information from two parents is ………• so the new cell (………..) formed contains a new plan for the offspring. • This ………….. means that every offspring is different.

gametes

mixed

zygote

variation



Environmental and inherited variation

Variation between organisms of the same species has environmental as

well as inherited causes.



Environmental and inherited variation

……….. variation acts here

baby

adult

……………….. variation acts here

to make each adult different!

egg sperm

to make each baby different!

genetic

environmental



Selective breeding

You can produce animals and plants with the features you want by a process called selective breeding.



Selective breeding questions

• Parents with the best wool

texture are ………….• They are ……...• …………... with the best

wool texture are selected and bred in turn.

• At each …………….. the

wool texture improves.

selected

bred

Offspring

generationCorel 602(NT)



Sustainable development

Sustainable development (when we replace the plants and animals we use) is becoming

more and more important.

There are ways in which we can protect living organisms and the environment they

live in.



Sustainable development questions

Name some more good ways of protecting the environment with sustainable development.

Create National Parks

Replant trees we cut down

Recycle as much waste as we can

Energy efficiency



Competition

Competition for the resources available is one thing which affects the size of populations of animals and plants.



Toxic build-up

Toxic (poisonous) materials that we produce can build

up in food chains and cause big problems.



Toxic build-up questions

Find out what happened when mercury was concentrated in the food chains in

Minamata Bay

Adaptations1

Technology

Transcript of Adaptations1