AdaptationsAdaptations DefinedDefined: Any trait that : Any trait that

aids the chances of aids the chances of survival and reproductionsurvival and reproduction

Increases an organisms Increases an organisms fitness to the environmentfitness to the environment

Increases the probability Increases the probability of passing genes to the of passing genes to the next generationnext generation

Ex: Broad leaves (forests) Ex: Broad leaves (forests) vs. Pointed needles vs. Pointed needles (deserts)(deserts)

Variation vs. AdaptationVariation vs. AdaptationVariationVariation: differences : differences that occur in a populationthat occur in a populationEx: Cats can have long, Ex: Cats can have long, sharp claws or short, dull sharp claws or short, dull clawsclawsHarmful variationHarmful variation: Short, : Short, dull claws reduce fitnessdull claws reduce fitnessHelpful variationHelpful variation: Long, : Long, sharp claws are more sharp claws are more likely to be passed onlikely to be passed onVariations can lead to Variations can lead to adaptationsadaptations

Complex AdaptationsComplex Adaptations Evolution is a slow processEvolution is a slow process Complex traits all started very Complex traits all started very

simplesimple Random variations continued to Random variations continued to

modify certain traitsmodify certain traits Ex: At first, eyes were a group of Ex: At first, eyes were a group of

light sensitive cellslight sensitive cells Over time, variationsOver time, variations

have lead tohave lead to

adaptationsadaptations

Structural Structural AdaptationsAdaptations

DefinedDefined: : Adaptations Adaptations involving structure or involving structure or anatomyanatomy

Ex: Anteater tongue Ex: Anteater tongue (long & sticky)(long & sticky)

Ex: Angler fish lureEx: Angler fish lure Ex: Bird beaks for Ex: Bird beaks for

different dietsdifferent diets

Physiological AdaptationsPhysiological AdaptationsDefinedDefined: Chemical : Chemical adaptationsadaptations

Ex: Poisonous snake Ex: Poisonous snake venomvenom

Ex: Octopus ink for Ex: Octopus ink for protectionprotection

Ex: FungusEx: Fungus

antibioticsantibiotics

for protectionfor protection

Behavioral AdaptationsBehavioral Adaptations

DefinedDefined: Adaptations that respond to their : Adaptations that respond to their environmentenvironment

Ex: Nocturnal habits (being active at night Ex: Nocturnal habits (being active at night decreases predator risk)decreases predator risk)

Ex: Migration (allows a constant food supply)Ex: Migration (allows a constant food supply)

Interactions of AdaptationsInteractions of Adaptations

Adaptations depend upon other adaptationsAdaptations depend upon other adaptations Ex: Act of MigrationEx: Act of Migration BehavioralBehavioral: instincts of know when to migrate: instincts of know when to migrate StructuralStructural: light, hollow bones and feathers: light, hollow bones and feathers PhysiologicalPhysiological: constant, steady production of : constant, steady production of

ATPATP

Name this Adaptation!

• Wildebeest moving in herds for safety

Name this Adaptation!

• Poison dart frogs secrete toxins to prevent being eaten.

Name this Adaptation!

• Teeth have different shapes for different functions (tearing, grinding)

Quick ReviewQuick ReviewAdaptations are traits that aid Adaptations are traits that aid

survivalsurvivalVariations (differences) lead to Variations (differences) lead to

adaptationsadaptationsAdaptations are passed from Adaptations are passed from

one generation to the nextone generation to the next