ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME.

DEFINITIONS OF ARDS.

• ARDS IS A FORM OF RESPIRATORY FAILURE CHARACTERIZED BY ACUTE HYPOXEMIA AND INCREASED ALVEOLAR– CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY RESULTING FROM DIFFUSE AND ONGOING PULMONARY INFLAMMATION.

• ACUTE HYPOXEMIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE WITH REFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA DUE TO DIFFUSE NON-CARDIAC PULMONARY EDEMA RESULTING FROM ACUTE DAMAGE TO THE ALVEOLI CAUSED BY DIVERSE ETIOLOGIES.

INCIDENCE.

• 1,50,000 PEOPLE ARE SUFFERING WITH ARDS PER YEAR IN US.50 % OF THEM DIE DUE TO THIS CONDITION.

• 70-90% OF DEATH IS DUE TO GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIAL INFECTION.

CAUSES OF ARDS:

• DIRECT LUNG INJURY.

• INDIRECT LUNG INJURY

DIRECT LUNG INJURY.

INDIRECT LUNG INJURY.

PHASES OF ARDS:

THREE PHASES OF ARDS.• EXUDATIVE/INJURY PHASE• PROLIFERATE PHASE• FIBROTIC PHASE.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ARDS.

EXUDATIVE/INJURY PHASE

PROLIFERATE PHASE

FIBROTIC PHASE

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:

DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES:

FOUR MAIN CRITERIA FOR ARDS:

MANAGEMENT

COMPLICATIONS

TREATMENT

TREATMENT.

Collaborative care.

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

SUMMARY.

CONCLUSION.

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