ACUTE MEDICxZSdcxSAFcsdgvedaAL & first aid.ppt

8/14/2019 ACUTE MEDICxZSdcxSAFcsdgvedaAL & first aid.ppt

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COMMON MEDICAL

EMERGENCIES


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Topics

Angina & acute MI

Stroke

Seizures

Acute asthma

Diabetic emergencies


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Angina / Acute myocardial infarction =

heart attack


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Symptoms of AMI


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AMI - Symptoms

Sweating

Nausea

Vomiting

Breathlessness,

cyanosis

Cold and clammy

Restless, confused

CHEST

PAIN


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AMI -

diagnosis


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AMI - complications

Death

>50% died in the first 3 hours

Cardiac arrhythmias

Heart failure


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AMI - Complications


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AMIacute management

Airway - oxygen

Breathing

Circulation

Posturesit up

GTN sublingual

Chew aspirin

CPR


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AMI - summary

Symptoms Complications

Management


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Stroke


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Stroke


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Stroke - presentations

Paralysis or weakness on one side

Speechaphasia, dysphasia, dysarthria

Incoordination, drunken gait Confusion

Coma

Fits


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StrokeFirst Aid Management

Limited to supportive care till medical help

arrives.

Care with a calming presence.

Collect important medical data to pass on to

medical personnel.


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Seizures / Fits


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Fits - observe

Duration

Tonic/clinic phase

Urine / Fecal incontinence Medicine / medic alert bracelet


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Airway; vomit

Remove

furniture

Loosen neck

OBSERVE


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SEIZURES

Grand mal

generalized

Focal

Petit mal

Status epilepticus


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Seizure - management

Keep calm.

Protect from further injury - ABC.

Do not restrain patient

Do not insert anything in the mouth. Roll patient on the side after seizure subsides.

Talk gently to patient when conscious.

If seizure lasts >5 mins or repeats without regainingconsciousness CALL FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE

IMMEDIATELY.


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ACUTEASTHMA


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ACUTE ASTHMATIC ATTACK

Sudden onset

breathlessness

Wheezing

Cyanosis

Cold and clammy

Collapse


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Acute asthmatic attack

Airway, airway, airway

Give oxygen

immediately Intubation ASAP for

status asthmaticus

Nebuliser / inhaler


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Diabetic emergencies

What is diabetes?


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G G G

G G G

G G G

G G G


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Gula

Gula

Gula

Gula

Gula

INSULIN


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Gula

Gula

Gula

Gula

Gula

INSULIN


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Diabetic emergenciesHigh

glucose

Normal 5-7 mmol /l

Gradual increase > 30 mmol/l

Gradual dehydration

Hyperosmolar blood

Fat broken down

Acids form in blood


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Diabetic emergencieshigh

glucose, features COMA

Weak, lethargic

Breathless, breathsmells of ketones

Dehydration, insulin

therapy


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Diabetic emergencieslow

glucose, features Cold, clammy, sweaty

Confused

Seizures COMA

Needs SUGAR


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Medical Emergencies

Acute MI

Stroke

Seizures

Asthma

Diabetic

Diabetic + Acute MI +

Stroke + Seizures +

Asthmatic


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Thank you

for yourattention

ACUTE MEDICxZSdcxSAFcsdgvedaAL & first aid.ppt

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