INFLAMMATIONInflammation is a protective response

involving host cells, blood vessels, and proteins and other mediators

that is intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, as well as the necrotic cells and tissues resulting from the original insult, and

to initiate the process of repair

CLASSIFICATION According to

Duration : acute or chronicNature of exudate : fibrinous ,serofibrinous and

purulentEtiology : bacterial, fungal, viral.

The vascular and cellular responses of both acute and chronic inflammation Mediated by chemical factors derived from

plasma and cells.

SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION Four cardinal signs of Inflammation

(described by Celsus) Rubor- redness Dolor- pain Tumour- swelling Calor- heat

Fifth sign added by Virchow Functio leasa- loss of function

ACUTE APPENDICITIS

Grossly organ is swollen, serosa becomes dull, granular and reddish signifying early acute appendicitis.

MICROSCOPY

ACUTE MENINGITIS: GROSSLoss of normal lustre

and translucency of meninges.

Grayish white exudate over the surface of brain.

Prominent engorged meningeal vessels.

ACUTE MENINGITIS: MICROSCOPY

PYEMIC ABSCESS OF LUNG

Abscess is a pus filled cavity

Commonly a complication of pneumonia caused by Staph. aureus

More common on the right side (more vertical airways) and usually single.

PYEMIC ABSCESS- KIDNEY

PYEMIC ABSCESS MICROSCOPY

Foci of extensive necrosis surrounded by neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate

PERICARDITIS- GROSSFibrinous exudate

which gives IrregularShaggy appearance

to the pericardial surface.

Also called “bread and butter” pericarditis.