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Activity: Self-assessment
Use red dots on the tables to indicate your level of proficiency for each objective of this training along the continuum: I’m not sure. I know it. I can teach it!
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Framing the English Language
DevelopmentStandardsELD SCS
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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
I can • describe the organization of the WIDA Standards.
• identify academic language.
• define language control for ELLs.
• explain why vocabulary must be learned “in depth.”
• recognize how Tier 1, 2 & 3 words apply to ELLs.
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NC ELD SCS = NC ES for ELLs =WIDA ELP Standards
• NC joined World-Class Instructional Design and Assessment (WIDA) Consortium 2008
• Adopted WIDA English Language Proficiency Standards 2008-09 SY
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NC ELD SCS (WIDA ELP Standards)
• Social and Instructional Language
• Language of Language Arts
• Language of Mathematics
• Language of Science
• Language of Social Studies
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Grade-Level Clusters
The NC ELD SCS Standards are clustered:
• PreK−K
• Grades 1−2
• Grades 3−5
• Grades 6−8
• Grades 9−12
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WIDA Consortium
The WIDA ELP Scale
6
ENTERING
BEGINNING
DEVELOPING
EXPANDING
1
2
3
4
5
BRIDGING
REACHING
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Continuum of Second Language Acquisition
Entering
• Concrete• Explicit • Familiar• General
Reaching
• Abstract• Implicit• Unfamiliar• Technical
(WIDA Resource Guide p. RG-12)
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The Four Language Domains
Receptive language
Listening
Reading
Productive language
Speaking
Writing
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The English Language Development Standards are the
bridge which enables students to access the content standards.
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Literacy: a part of every teacher’s tool box
words
words
words
text structure
idio
ms
Science
Math
Social Studies
idio
ms
idiomstext structure
text structure
words
idio
ms
?
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What do Standards 2-5 mean …
communicate information, ideas, and
concepts for academic success in the
various content areas?
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Activity: Open Response
What is academic language?
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Activity: Examining Everyday and Academic Language
1. Work in groups to rewrite in everyday language the narrative on your handout.
2. Identify what makes this reading challenging?– vocabulary– phrases– structure– knowledge demand
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What makes this reading challenging?
– vocabulary
– phrases
– structure
– knowledge demand
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Everyday vs. Academic Language
• There are three reasons mustard adds flavor to food.
• The action of mustard as a condiment is due to three qualities. NC EOG Grade 8 Reading released item
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Everyday vs. Academic Language
• We can explore forests and wilderness by hiking and camping.
• Hiking and camping lets us explore vast forests and wilderness areas. EOG Grade 6 Reading released item
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Everyday vs. Academic Language
Everyday
Language
Academic
Language
•Immediate feedback from listener
•Gestures
•Prosody (pitch, stress, phrasing)
•Facial expressions
•Ability to add information in real time
•Anticipation of level of explicitness required of reader
•Precise word choice
•Time to structure text
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Activity: Types of Language
1) Turn to a partner.
2) Decide who will be A and who will be B.
3) A discuss your favorite fruit and why you like it.
4) B write key words used in your discussion.
5) Switch
Standard 1:
Social and Instructional Language
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Activity: The Language of an Apple
Standard 2: The language of Language Arts • A describes the apple from a poet’s perspective. • B writes key words and phrases.
Standards 5 & 3: The language of Social Studies & Mathematics
• B discusses the apple from an economist’s perspective.
• A writes key words and phrases.
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Activity: The Language of an Apple
Standard 4: The language of Science• A describes the apple from a biologist’s
perspective. • B writes key words and phrases.
Standard 5: The language of Social Studies• B discusses the apple from a historian’s
perspective. • A writes key words and phrases.
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Activity: The Language of an Apple
Cultural and Social factors
• A and B write any emotional associations you have with “apple”.
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Activity: The Language of an Apple
• Now, two pairs create a group of four.
• Discuss your observations:
How does the language used to discuss the apple change depending on the focus?
• Share out.
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Academic language varies by…
• Purpose
• Type
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ESL Toolkit
For more on academic language go to the toolkit at:
http://www.ncpublicschools.org/acre/standards/support-tools/
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Criteria for Performance Definitions
• Vocabulary Usage The specificity of words or phrases for a given context
• Linguistic Complexity The amount and quality of speech or writing for a given situation
• Language Control The comprehensibility of the communication based on the amount and type of errors
ENTERING BEGINNING DEVELOPING EXPANDING BRIDGING
54321 6
REACHING
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Language Proficiency Levels “Performance Definitions”
from WIDA/ELP Resource Guide – RG 45
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The Language Strand in CCSS
• CCSS Strands – Reading– Writing– Speaking & Listening– Language
• Conventions• Knowledge• Vocabulary
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Activity:CCSS: Progressive Language Skills
With a partner identify 3 conventions in the Language Progressive Skills Chart.
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Language Control in WIDA
Number and types of errors that affect the meaning or intent of the message– Grammatical usage (syntax)
– Phonology
– Word choice (semantics)
– Mechanics
– Fluency
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Do students…
• Use transitions to connect and organize ideas
• Take risks with language
• Select correct word forms
• Use correct punctuation
Measuring Comprehensibility
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BREAK
10 Minutes
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The Language Strand in CCSS
• CCSS Strands – Reading– Writing– Speaking & Listening– Language
• Conventions• Knowledge• Vocabulary
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Activity: Vocabulary Usage
• The number of words heard in an hour – by children of poverty is about 615; – by middle-class children, about 1,251; and – by children of professionals, about 2,153.
• Student vocabulary in kindergarten and first
grade is a significant predictor of reading comprehension in the middle and secondary grades
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Vocabulary Usage
Word knowledge
helps to free cognitive resources
for comprehension
(National Literacy Panel for Language
Minority Children and Youth, 2006)
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Tiers of WordsCommon Core State Standards
Tier 1 Words Everyday Speech
Tier 2 Words General Academic Words
Tier 3 Words Content-specific Words
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Extend Tiers for ELLs
Tier 3 Words• Content-specific words• Infrequently used academic words
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Tier 3: Content Specific
Square root Photosynthesis Government
Rectangle Germ Bylaws
Radical numbers
Atom Bailout
Circumference Matter Congressional
Pi Osmosis Capital
Power Power Power
MATH SOCIALSTUDIES
SCIENCE
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Extend Tiers for ELLs
Tier 1 Words• Concepts understood in native language• Simple words native English speakers know, but
might create difficulty for ELLS because of– Spelling– Pronunciation– Background knowledge
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Extend Tiers for ELLs
Tier 1
walk
beautiful
knowledge
good
Tier 2
amble
alluring
dogma
amazing
Tier 2 Words: Specificity and Sophistication
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Activity: Tier 2: Polysemous Words
• bank• table• present• prime• round• skate• state
• power• cell• face• radical• leg• left• light
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Tier 2: Idioms and Phrasal Clusters
• Break in
• Break off
• Break a leg
• Once in a while
• Complete sentence
• Raining cats and dogs
• Relatively easier
• Stored energy
• Stimulus package
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absence, accuracy, additive, effect, affect, allow, apparent, approach, arrange, assortment, assumption, basis, bases, behavior, belief, body, boundary, core, criteria, crucial, depict, deplete, device, display, distinct, generate, impact, illustrate…
Tier 2: Common but Neglected
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04/19/23 • page 44
Tier 2: Transition Words and Connectors
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Cognates - Tier 2 and 3
hypothesis hipótesis
observations observaciones
classification clasificación
predictions predicciones
evaluate evaluar
experiment experimento
Almost 40,000 Cognates!
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False Cognates
• Library ≠ librería (bookstore) = (biblioteca)
• Story ≠ historia (history) = (cuento)
• Exit ≠ éxito (success) = (salida)
• Success ≠ suceso (event) = (éxito)
• Character ≠ carácter (personality) = (personaje)
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Activity: Tier 2
• List types of words which make up Tier 2. (Don’t list individual words, only categories.)
• Go to the url and type your list on the wall.
http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/ESLTier2
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Vocabulary Usage in WIDA
• Move from general language to specific language to specialized or technical language.
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Vocabulary Usage
Comprehension depends on knowing upwards of 95%
of the words in a text. (Hu & Nation, 2000)
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Activity: Inside/Outside Circles
• What have you learned about:
– the WIDA standards
– academic language
– language control and vocabulary
– Tiers of words for ELLs
– the relationship between CCSS and WIDA
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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
I can • describe the organization of the WIDA Standards.
• identify academic language.
• define language control for ELLs.
• explain why vocabulary must be learned “in depth.”
• recognize how Tier 1, 2 & 3 words apply to ELLs.
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Jan King
Region 8
Professional Development Lead
NC Department of Public Instruction
Beth Edwards
Region 1
Professional Development Lead
NC Department of Public Instruction
Julian Wilson
Region 4
Instructional Technology Consultant
NC Department of Public Instruction
Joanne Marino
ESL/Title III Consultant
NC Department of Public Instruction
919-807-3861
Glenda Harrell
ESL/Title III Consultant
NC Department of Public Instruction
919-807-3861
Ivanna Mann Thrower
ESL/Title III Consultant
NC Department of Public Instruction
919-807-3860
ESL Websitehttp://esl.ncwiseowl.org/