Contagious Equine Metritis: Characterization of Small and ...
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial ... · Swine Actinobacillosis Blackleg...
Transcript of Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial ... · Swine Actinobacillosis Blackleg...
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance (ZOBA) in Switzerland
Gudrun Overesch Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, Bern
6th EURL-AR workshop 2012, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
Overview
Dates and facts of Switzerland Structure and duties of the ZOBA (Centre for Zoonoses, Bacterial Animal
Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance)
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in Diagnostic Submissions Outlook
16/04/2012 2
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Dates and facts of Switzerland
16/04/2012 3
Productive livestock (2010):
5 600 000 broilers (1007 farms)
3 200 000 laying hens (16 500 farms)
1 600 000 pigs (9100 farms)
1 600 000 cattle (42 000 farms)
Human population (2010): 7 870 000 inhabitants
Source: Swiss Zoonoses Report 2010
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Legislation national Bilateral agreements Switzerland - EU
Dates and facts of Switzerland
16/04/2012 4
Livestock production:
www.stockengut.ch
www.agroscope.admin.ch
www.ladisagroblog.files.com
www.ovth.ch
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Structure and duties of the ZOBA
16/04/2012 5
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology
University of Bern
Department of Infectious diseases and Pathobiology
VETSUISSE Faculty
Institute of Veterinary Pathology Institute of Veterinary Virology Institute of Parasitology
Research & Teaching NANT (National Reference
Centre for Anthrax)
Prof. J. Frey
Centre for Zoonoses, Bacterial Animal Diseases
and Antimicrobial Resistance (ZOBA)
Dr. G. Overesch
Molecular Epidemiology and Infectiology
Prof. Dr. V. Perreten
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
financed by: Canton of Bern and the
Federal Veterinary Office
Structure and duties of the ZOBA
16/04/2012 6
Diagnostics
Development Validation Reference
function Bovine Mastitis Serology Surveillance Clinical Material Necropsy Material and Feaces Projects Antibiotic Suseptibility Testing
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Structure and duties of the ZOBA
16/04/2012 7
Confirmation of isolates from others laboratories (i.e. MRSA)
Organization of ring trials for approved laboratories in Switzerland
Testing of new diagnostics for admission at the FVO
Providing scientific and technical assistance for laboratories
Providing scientific assistance to the Federal Veterinary Office (FVO)
Annual monitoring of antimicrobial resistance for Switzerland
Diagnostics
Development Validation Reference
function Brucellosis
Campylobacteriosis
Salmonellosis
Yersiniosis
Listeriosis
Tularaemia
Anthrax
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
Bovine Campylobacteriosis
Enzootic Pneumonia in swine
Swine Actinobacillosis
Blackleg
Contagious Equine Metritis
Infectious Agalactia
Leptospirosis
Antimicrobial Resistance
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 8
Method: Broth microdilution
European standard plates
~ 3700 isolations, ~ 1600 MIC testings
Interpretation according to ECOFFs (EUCAST)
Campylobacter jejuni / coli Escherichia coli Enterococcus faecalis / faecium
Bacteria:
MRSA and ESBL Salmonella spp. (diagnostic isolates)
Animal species: pigs cattle/calves broilers
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 9
Campylobacter jejuni/coli:
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 10
Monitoring on MRSA:
Nasal swabs from slaughter pigs: 2.0% (95%CI 0.9-3.9) in 2009 5.9% (95%CI 3.8-8.7) in 2010 5.6% (95%CI 3.6-8.3) in 2011
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 11
Monitoring on MRSA: Figure 1: Pig density and geographical distribution of the samples and results for MRSA isolated from the nasal cavities of slaughter pigs in 2010
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 12
Activities of the National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Figure 2: Number of MRSA isolates of different genotypes (MLST, spa type) from slaughter pigs in 2009 – 2011
Monitoring on MRSA:
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
ST398-t011 ST398-t034 ST398-t1451 ST49-t208 ST1-t2279
Num
ber o
f iso
late
s
Genotypes
2009
2010
2011
Annual Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance
16/04/2012 13
Activities of the National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
MLST
Number
of
isolates
Antibiotic resistance genes and resistance breakpoints (mg/L)a
FOX PEN TET ERY CLI STR TIA SPC TMP SMX CIP
(>4) (>0.125) (>2) (>2) (>0.5) (>16) (>2) (>128) (>2) (>128) (>1)
ST49 1 mecA mecA tet(M) tet(K)
erm(C) erm(C) vga(A) +
ST49 4 mecA mecA tet(M) tet(K)
vga(A) +
ST49 1 mecA mecA tet(M) tet(K)
erm(A) erm(A) vga(A) +
ST49 1 mecA mecA tet(M) tet(K)
str vga(A) +
ST398 17 mecA mecA blaZ tet(M) tet(K)
erm(A) erm(A) str vga(E) ant(9)-Ia dfr(G)
Table 1: Resistance profile of ST49-t208-V lineage (n=7) and the predominant ST398-t034-V lineage (n=17)
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in diagnostic submissions
16/04/2012 14
Enterococci/Lactococci (i. e. E. faecalis, L. garviae)
Enterobacteriaceae (i. e. Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp.)
Pseudomonas spp. and other Non-Fermenters (i. e. P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii)
Bacteria Staphylococci (i. e. S. pseudintermedius, S. aureus)
Streptococci (i. e. S. canis, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, S. uberis)
dogs/cats
cattle
Animal species
horses
www.biomerieux.com
Method
VITEK 2 Compact (microdilution)
~ 3500 isolations and ~ 500 MIC /year
Interpretation independent from Vitek Software according to clinical breakpoints of EUCAST , whenever possible !!
No results for critically important antibiotics (i. e. Vancomycin, Imipenem, Linezolid, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin)
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in diagnostic submissions
16/04/2012 15
S. uberis:
No clinical breakpoints and ECOFFs according to EUCAST ! Rare clinical breakpoints according to CLSI !
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Outlook
16/04/2012 16
Creating representative MIC data for relevant veterinarian pathogens (i. e. Arcanobacterium pyogenes, L. garviae, B. bronchiseptica)
Consolidation of Resistance data from human and veterinary medicine
Submission of MIC data to EUCAST for relevant veterinarian pathogens (i.e. Streptococcus uberis, S. pseudintermedius)
Improvement of Monitoring (i. e. ESBL, bulk milk)
Cooperation with the EU-RLs
www.anresis.ch
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland
Outlook
16/04/2012 17
Thank you for your attention !
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance in Switzerland