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Transcript of Active shooter updated
A look at the characteristics of and response to potential active shooters and scenarios
Active Shooter
By: SSgt James Bane
Outline Define Active Shooter
Historic Shooters
Characteristics of Active Shooters
Phases of Active Shooters
Potential Responses to Shooter situations
When individuals come to the point of being an active shooter,
in most cases they are not afraid of death and may have no feelings for the people they may be shooting….
What is an Active Shooter?
…an individual actively engaged in killing people in a confined and populated area with no typical pattern or method to their selection of victims.
Historic Active Shooters
Hasan Akbar, SGT, U.S. Army
Camp Pennsylvania Shooter
Nidal Hasan, MAJ, U.S. Army
Ft. Hood Shooter
Seung-hui Cho, VA Tech. Student
Virginia Tech Shooter
James E. Holmes, U. of Co. Student
CO. Movie Theater Shooter
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079) and WTPV.com (2010).
“Typical” Active Shooter Primary Purpose: Mass Homicide
Victims are “dehumanized” in the shooter’s mind
Often acts of vengeance for a perceived injustice
Many active shooter’s commit suicide
Fanatics may fight to the death
Often times are Males
Profiling Active Shooters Difficult to pinpoint Common characteristics among non-shooters Different personalities and motivations
Relationship problems & history of rejection "They have no social outlets…" Being viewed as a "real man" is important to young men
Information retrieved from Psychology 101: The mind of a shooter, 2007, by Amanda Phillips with Joseph Gasper, Sociologist with Johns Hopkins University
"His classmates reported that he was bullied and made fun of him for his shyness and how he walked,” said Gasper in reference to Cho, the Virginia Tech shooter.
Characteristics of Active Shooters
An otherwise normal person, no matter how stressed, doesn’t just suddenly “snap” and go on a killing spree. In virtually all of the cases that have been studied by behavioral scientists, there has emerged a predictable pattern in the evolution of most mass violence incidents.
--Dr. Laurence Miller, clinical and forensic psychologist and law enforcement educator
Information retrieved from Mass violence: Why do they do it? What can we do about it?, 2007, By Laurence Miller, Ph.D.
Characteristics of Active Shooters Anti-American statements asserting that U.S. policy and authority is illegitimate Aggression or threats toward coworkers Presence of unauthorized weapons Attempts to communicate with U.S. enemies Unfounded allegations of U.S. persecution or prejudice against a minority
group or religion Abnormal mood swings or depression, withdrawn behavior, decrease in
hygiene, suicidal remarks, paranoia Flashbacks to prior traumatic events Abuse of alcohol or drugs Repeated violation of policies Talk of domestic/financial problems.
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079)
If you notice questionable behavior, tell your supervisor.
If you perceive an immediate threat, alert unit security.
Similarities Among Historic ShootersExaggerated need for attention and respect Rejection and isolation by peers Feelings of alienation, bullying and persecutionAntisocial tendencies Poor coping skills Anger management issues Relationship and discipline issues History of making violent threats Depression Attempted suicide Access to parents' weapons
Information retrieved from Psychology 101: The mind of a shooter, 2007, by Amanda Phillips
Five Phases of Active Shooters1. Fantasy
2. Planning
3. Preparation
4. Approach
5. Implementation
The most importance phases for Prevention!
If anyone observes behaviors, notify security personnel or other
authority figures for action.
-Immediate supervisor-Unit/Area Security Officer-First Sergeant-CC or DO-Security Forces
Potential Responses
Evacuation
Lockdown
Taking action against shooter (Recommended Last Resort)
Cooperating with first responders
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079); Auburn University, 2007
An active shooter situation may be over within 15 minutes. In the meantime…
Evacuate
Be sure to: Have an escape route and plan in mind
Evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow you
Leave your belongings behind
Help others to escape, if possible
Prevent others from entering an area where the active shooter may be located
Do not attempt to move wounded people
Call 911 when you are safe
Force Protection (ZZ133079)—Force protection slides were retrieved from ADLS.
…Get Out!
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079)
LockdownIf evacuation is not possible, you should consider the following… Find a place where the active shooter is less likely to find you.
…Hide and Barricade!
Places you choose should: Be out of the shooter’s view Provide protection if shots are fired. Not trap you. Have locks on the door. Have furniture to blockade the door.
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079)
Take Action (Last Resort/Imminent Threat)
Acting aggressively against him or her
Throwing items and improvising weapons
Yelling
Committing to your actions
YouTube Training Session
…Take Action!
Information retrieved from YouTube video Last Resort Active Shooter Survival Measures, 2010, by Alon Stivi
Cooperate w/ 1st Responders When first responders arrive:
Remain calm and follow instructions
Put down any items in your hands
Raise your hands and spread your fingers
Keep your hands visible
Avoid quick movements
Do not cling to emergency personnel
Avoid pointing or screaming
Avoid asking first responders for help when evacuating
Evacuate in the direction first responders are entering
Provide the following information: Location of the active shooter
Number of shooters
Physical description of the shooter
Number and type of weapons held by the shooter
Number of potential victims
…Cooperate!
Retrieved from ADLS Force Protection (ZZ133079)
Questions If anyone has questions regarding the material in this briefing, feel free to contact:
SSgt James Bane, [email protected]
If you would like to discuss anything further regarding active shooter or concerns regarding personnel safety, please contact:
Your supervisor
The First Sergeant
Your unit safety representatives
Security forces
References ADLS. n.d. Force Protection (CBT). Retrieved from https://golearn.csd.disa.mil/kc/main/kc_frame.asp
Marcou, D. n.d. 5 Phases of the "Active Shooter“. Retrieved from http://www.school-
training.com/newsletter/articles/submitted/active-shooter.shtml.
Miller, L. December 10, 2007. Mass violence: Why do they do it? What can we do about it?. Retrieved from
http://www.policeone.com/active-shooter/articles/1637969-Mass-violence-Why-do-they-do-it-What-can-we-do-about-it/.
Phillips, A. June 15, 2007. Psychology 101: The mind of a shooter. Retrieved from
http://www.officer.com/article/10249728/psychology-101-the-mind-of-a-shooter
Stivi, A. June 18, 2010. Last Resort Active Shooter Survival Measures. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2tIeRUbRHw
Texas School Safety Center, Texas State University-San Marcos. May 31, 2012. Prevention and Response to Active Shooter/Killer: ICJS SBLE
Instructor. Retrieved from http://txsbleconference.com/downloads/resources/Ramirez-Prevention-Mitigation-Response-to-an-
Active-Shooter.pdf.
University of California Police Department. May 24, 2007. Safety Tips & Guidelines regarding potential “Active Shooter” incidents occurring
on Campus. Retrieved from http://ucpd.ucla.edu/070402CP.pdf
WTPV.com. 20 July 2012. Aurora, Colorado, Century Movie Theater 'Dark Knight Rises' shooting: 14 confirmed dead. Retrieved
from http://www.wptv.com/dpp/news/national/aurora-colorado-century-movie-theater-dark-knight-rises-shooting-at-least-39-
people-shot