Activant Prophet 21

SQL Server Management

SQL Server Administration suite Class 3 of 4

This class is designed for…• Beginner SQL/Prophet 21 Users who

are responsible for SQL Administration as it relates to Prophet 21

• Completed the following classes in this suite– “Introduction to SQL Server 2000:

Installation and Implementation”– “SQL Server Data Storage”

Objectives• Perform backups• Perform restores• Maintenance Plans• Create and maintain SQL and

Prophet 21 logins

This course will NOT cover…

• Windows Navigation• Installation of SQL Server• SQL Server Data Storage• Data Manipulation

Implementing an Maintenance Plan

• Benefits– Protection– Data Integrity– Guards against system failures

Implementing an Maintenance Plan

• Typical Tasks– Regular and frequent backups of

database and transaction log– Data Consistency checking– Index Rebuilding

Implementing an Maintenance Plan

• Accomplished through– SQL Enterprise Manager– Transact-SQL statements

Regular and Frequent Backups• Databases are typically large• Backup entire database when all

users are off the system– Time consuming– Maintain data integrity

• Utilize the transaction log– Backup changes since last backup– Saves time

Differential Backups• Database backup• Backs up changes since last full

database backup• Must already have a full database

backup

Backup StrategySun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri SatFull

database

backup

Transaction Log backs up every hour.Transaction Log backs up every hour.

FAILURE - PM

Downtime = 9 hours

FAILURE - PM

Downtime = 9 hours

Production database = 50GB

Max performance 4 AM to 2 AM weekdays

Full database backup takes 5 hours

Backup Strategy with DifferentialSun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri SatFull

database backup

Transaction Log backs up every hour.Transaction Log backs up every hour.

FAILURE - PM

Downtime = 6 ½ hours

FAILURE - PM

Downtime = 6 ½ hours

Differential backups every night.Differential backups every night.

Production database = 50GB

Max performance 4 AM to 2 AM weekdays

Full database backup takes 5 hours

Performing Backups• Expand Database• Right-click• Choose All Tasks• Backup Database

General

Backup Destination

Backup Device

New Device

Performing Backups - General

Performing Backups - Options

Backup Commands• Backing up a Database

– BACKUP DATABASE {database name}TO {backup device name}WITH {(DIFFERENTIAL) | (options)}

• Backing up a Transaction Log– BACKUP LOG {database name}

TO {backup device name}WITH {options}

Restore

Restore

Restore Commands• Restoring a Full or Differential Database

Backup– RESTORE DATABASE {database name}

TO {backup device name}WITH {options}

• Restoring a Transaction Log Backup– RESTORE LOG {database name}

TO {backup device name}WITH {options}

Backup Verification• RESTORE VERIFY ONLY FROM

<backup device>• Verifies that all files in the backup set

are complete and readable– Bad track– Bad tape– Bad sector on a disk

• Does NOT verify the structure of the data

Database Maintenance Wizard

• Setup ALL administrative actions

• Creates scheduled jobs for you

Data Consistency Checking (DBCC)• Corrupt data in database = Corrupt

data in backup• Must be run from Query Analyzer• Off Hours is best to run• 3 Commands

– DBCC CHECKDB– DBCC CHECKALLOC– DBCC CHECKCATALOG

Data Consistency Checking (DBCC)• DBCC CHECKDB

[(database name [,NOINDEX])]• DBCC CHECKALLOC

[(database name [,NOINDEX])]• DBCC CHECKCATALOG

[(database name)]

Index Rebuilding• Index pages fill up to their 8k limit• New extent is allocated to insert a

pointer• Page Splitting can occur

(Index fragment)

Index Rebuilding• DBCC DBREINDEX

(<table_name>, <index_name>,FillFactor)

• Rebuilds indexes one at a time

Index Statistics• Updated every time a query is run• Index fragmentations are recorded in

statistics• Query Optimizer determines the most

efficient way to run a query based upon statistics

• UPDATE STATISTICS <table_name>

Operators• Setup to tell SQL Server who is

taking care of server• How and when to notify them

Operators

Operators

Operators

New Alert – General Tab

New Alert – Response Tab

Scheduled Jobs• Composed of steps• Run in specified order• Break down tasks• Log each separate part

Scheduled Jobs• Send output of any task to a log file

– Simplifies debugging• How to proceed if a task fails

Scheduled Jobs

Scheduled Jobs – General Tab

Scheduled Jobs – Steps Tab

Scheduled JobsNew Step – General Tab

Scheduled JobsNew Step – Advanced Tab

Scheduled Jobs – Schedules Tab

Scheduled Jobs - New Schedule

Scheduled Jobs – Notifications Tab

SQL Agent Mail• SQL Server has access to a MAPI

compliant mail server• SQL Server Agent Service must be

running under a domain user account

• Domain user account must have a mail profile set up on SQL Server

• Mail client must be configured on SQL Server

Managing Database Loginsand Permissions

• User management• Database server logins• Database users• Database permissions• Managing logins for Prophet 21

User Management• Two levels

– Database Server Logins• Allows users to login to the database server• Passwords are kept at server level

– Database Users• Must be user on specified database• No additional passwords are required

User Management• Managed in two ways

– Creates server login for user– Maps this login to a database user

• Permissions are applied at the server level and database level– Statement permissions

• User performs database level operations– Proper permissions

• Access and/or modify tables

Database Server Logins

Add New Login

New Login - General

New Login – Server Roles

New Login – Database Access

Fixed Server RolesRole PermissionSysadmin Perform any activityDbcreator Create and alter databases

Diskadmin Manage Disk Files

Processadmin Manage SQL Server processes

Serveradmin Configure server-wide settings

Setupadmin Install replication

Securityadmin Manage and audit server logins

Fixed Database RolesRole Permission

Public Maintain all default permissionsDb_owner Perform any database role activity Db_accessadmin Add or remove database users,

groups, and roles Db_ddladmin Add, modify, or drop database objects Db_securityadmin Assign statement and object

permissions

Fixed Database Roles (cont’d)Role Permission

Db_backupoperator Backup and restore databases Db_datareader Read data from any table Db_datawriter Add, change, or delete from all tables Db_denydatareader Cannot read data from any table Db_denydatawriter Cannot change data in any table

Database Permissions• Assigned using

– SQL Enterprise Manager– Transact-SQL GRANT statement

Database PermissionsUsing SQL Statement

• Statement Permissions– GRANT {ALL | statement_list} TO

{PUBLIC | name_list}• Object Permissions

– GRANT {ALL | permission_list}ON {table_name [(column_list)] | view_name [(column_list)] |stored_procedure_name | extended_stored_procedure_name}TO {PUBLIC | name_list}

Database PermissionsUsing SQL EnterpriseDatabase PermissionsUsing SQL Enterprise

• In the Server Manager window, right-click the database on which you want to grant permissions

• Select Properties• Click the

Permissions tab• Choose options

Grant Object Level Permissions

• Drill down to the object on which you want to grant permissions

• Right-click the object, point to All Tasks, and then select Manage Permissions

• Grant permissions to the objects or database roles you want

Managing Logins for Prophet 21 (CommerceCenter)

Users are created in System Setup

Additional Administrationand Debugging Tools

SQL Server ProfilerSQL Query Analyzer

Summary• Perform backups and restorations• Create Maintenance Plan• Create and maintain SQL and

Prophet 21 logins

• Visit Activant on the web: distribution.activant.com–View Educational Services Training course offerings

• Microsoft SQL Server – 3 day Classroom training

–Browse Documentation

–Search the Solutions database

–Submit a Support case

• Email Professional Services Sales: pss@p21.com

SQL Administration suite• Basic Data Manipulation

– Running stored procedures– Select statements