ACTIONS FOR A - AfDB
Transcript of ACTIONS FOR A - AfDB
ACTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT IN AFRICA
CISSE YSSOUFOU
SECRETARY GENERAL
UATP
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
The future of earth will be urban…… demand for passengers AND goods mobility expected to triple by 2050
Source: UN Population Division, Schäfer/ Victor 2000, Cosgrove/ Cargett 2007, Arthur D. Little
9.306
CAGR 2010-50-0,2% p.a.
CAGR 2010-50+1,4% p. a.
2050
33%
67%
2030
8.321
40%
60%
2010
6.896
48%
52%
RuralUrban
Urban and rural population, 2010-2050 [m people %]
Urban passenger mobility demand, 2010-2050 [trillions person-km p.a. %]
20502030
43,2
2010
25,8
67,1
2,6x
+55%
+68%
The world is becoming increasingly urban
Urban passenger mobility demand explodes
Urban goods mobilitydemand explodes
Urban goods mobility demand, 2010-2050 [trillions of ton-km p.a. %]
3,0x
+64%
+83%
205020302010
9,5
17,4
28,5
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
Selected cities
Western Africa:
• Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)
• Accra (Ghana)
• Dakar (Senegal)
• Lagos (Nigeria)
Central Africa:
• Douala (Cameroon)
Urbanization data of selected cities (Trans Africa project 2010)
Eastern Africa:
• Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)
• Dar es Salaam (Tanzania)
• Nairobi (Kenya)
Southern Africa:
• Johannesburg (South Africa)
• Windhoek (Namibia)
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
GDP, Population, Area, Car Fleet
ABIDJAN ACCRA ADDIS ABABA DAKAR DAR ES SALAMGDP (Euro) 1.800 1.560 700 1.700 1.100 Population 4.250.000 3.830.000 2.970.000 2.480.000 3.300.000 Area (km2) 1.183 1.994 530 549 1.800 Urbanised area (km2) 120 1.994 530 214 572
Human density (Area) 3.594 2.682 5.608 4.519 1.831
Total car fleet 201.130 270.000 116.300 16.000 240.500 car/1000 habi 47,3 70,5 39,2 6,5 72,9
DOUALA JOHANNESBURG LAGOS NAIROBI WINDHOEKGDP (Euro) 2.300 10.600 2.200 1.600 5.200 Population 2.500.000 3.800.000 17.550.000 4.740.000 230.000 Area (km2) 923 1.645 3.569 4.200 645 Urbanised area (km2) 210 1.645 2.821 3.900 645 Human density (Area) 2.709 1.962 4.919 1.128 357 Total car fleet 151.000 917.000 405.400 519.200 26.200 car/1000 habi 60,4 241,3 23,1 109,5 113,9
Source: Trans Africa 2010
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
CITIES COUNTRIES AUTORITIES 2010AUTHORITIES 2015 (TO BE UPDATED)
Abidjan Côte d'IvoireMinistry of transport, AGETU (no longer exist since 2012)
Accra GhanaMinistry of transport, DVLA, NRSC, MMDAS
Dakar SenegalMinistry of Infrastructures, Land and Air Transports, CETUD
Lagos Nigeria Ministry of transport, LAMATA, FCTA
Addis-Abbaba EthiopiaMinistry of transport and Communications
Dar Es Salam Tanzania
Ministry of Infrastructures Development, Department of Communications and Transport, SUMATRA, DART
Nairobi Kenya
Ministry of transport, Transport Licencing Board (TLB), Nairobi City Council
Douala CameroonMinistry of transport, Ministry of Finance, city of Douala
Johannesburg South AfricaNational Department of Transport, Provincial, Local Departments
Department of Roads and Transport, City Councils, GMA, PRASA
Windhoek NamibiaMinistry of Communications and Transport
Source: Trans Africa 2010
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
Urban mobility systems are confronted with NEW CHALLENGES
Planet People Profit
Air pollutions
CO2 emissions
Noise
Increasing ecological footprint
Traffic chaos & traffic jam
Traffic safety
Decreasing quality of life and convenience
Overloaded infrastructures
Insufficient public transport capacities
Increasing motorization
Limited parking places
… Paradigm shift required to satisfy urban mobility demand!
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
CURRENT SITUATION
The poor – low levels of all types
of access
ACCESS to information
ACCESS to education (and
other primary services)
ACCESS employment
ACCESS to affordable mobility
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
ABIDJAN
ACCRA
ADDIS ABABA
DAKAR
DAR ES SALAM
DOUALA
JOHANNESBURG
LAGOS
NAIROBI
WINDHOEK
TRANSPORT MODAL SHARE IN THE CITIES 2010
Private Car Bus Minibus & Shared taxi Motorcycle taxis Private Taxis Cycling & Walking
Source: Trans Africa 2010
CURRENT SITUATION
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
500 733
3000
0
500
1000
15002000
2500
3000
3500
1983 1989 1999
530
1155
3300
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1993 1994 1999
RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES)
Abidjan : gbakas Harare : commuters buses
375
1500 16002000
5000
6500
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
1972 1977 1979 1982 1997 1999
Nairobi : matatus
CURRENT SITUATION
Source: SITRASS
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
19
77
19
78
19
79
19
80
19
81
19
82
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
Tax is D urun is M in ibus
CURRENT SITUATION
Source: SITRASS
RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES)
BAMAKO
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
“RETHINK THE SYSTEM”Four dimensions to be Considered by cities to shape mobility systems of tomorrow
•Source : Arthur D. Little & UITP FUM 2.0System-level framework for urban mobility policies
Mobility Supply(solutions & lifestyles)
Mobility DemandManagement
Public Transport Financing
Visionary Strategy & Eco-system
System-level approach
Policy imperatives for cities of different maturity stages can be clustered around 4 dimensions
System-level approach required: Sustainable improvement of mobility performance requires simultaneous improvement on each dimension
… the weakest link willinfluence overall
mobilityperformance
1
2 3
4
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan UITP18
To integrate sustainable transport into the
region’s development and planning processes,
and increase the amount of funding
going to sustainable transport programs in
Africa.
Improved access to transport, reduced air
pollution and climate
emissions, and improved road
safety and health.
1- TO HAVE CLEAR VISION
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
Source: WBCSD (Core Publication), “Tomorrow’s Markets: Global Trends & Their Implications for Business”, April 1, 2002.
2- TO ACCEPT THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan UITP
A transport authority must establish and hold power in order to be able to drive the transport agenda and related investment.
The power that successful transport authorities have is made up of three components:
• LEGISLATION• FINANCE• STANDARDS
The scale of the transformation needed is such that the transport authority must have all the necessary delivery tools at its disposal.
3- TO ESTABLISH POWERFUL TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
4- LONG TERM STRATEGY/POLICYWhat is holding back changes?Mobility vision and policies not fulfilling requirements AND lack of system-level collaboration and innovation
A lot of mature cities do not have a clear vision and strategy on how their mobility systems should look like in the future
Lack of integration between different transport modes, across different urban policies (environment, land planning, energy, social policy) and across regions… leading to sub-optimal outcome in terms of performance
Mobility visionsand policies do notcover requirements
Current mobility systems do not sufficiently adapt to changing demands, combining single steps of the mobility value chain into an integrated system
Actors of the mobility ecosystem do not collaborate sufficiently to foster lateral learning and jointly develop innovative mobility solutions
Lack of system-levelcollaboration and innovation
Need for cities to develop a LT political mobility vision and policies AND for system level collaboration to come up with innovative ecosystems and mobility solutions
1
2
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
1. Status and dynamics of urbanization
2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead
3. Challenges and gaps
4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility
5. Urban transport best practices
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
This ….
Or this choice ….
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
(2009) 68 BRT implemented or planned 2 BRT IN AFRICA
11 USA-Canada 15 Latin America20 Europe 16 + Asia 4 Australia-New Zealand 2 Africa
Source: UITP
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
(2015): URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED OR PLANNED IN AFRICAN CITIES
13 BRT 2 Tram 2 Train 2 Cable car
6 South Africa2 Nigeria1 Tanzania1 Kenya1 Senegal1 Ghana1 Ethiopia
Nigeria
Ethiopia
South AfricaNigeria
Côte d’Ivoire
South AfricaNigeria
- TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMAL MINIBUSES - NMT - CLEAN BUS FLEET
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
RESISTENCE TO INOVATIVE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
HOW TO GET THE COMMITMENT OF ALL?? THE KEY TO SUCCESS
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
• www.Africa.uitp.org
18.09.2009
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
3 - OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET
590
107
296
914
19
115
4.940
750
790
59
ABIDJAN
ACCRA
ADDIS ABABA
DAKAR
DAR ES SALAM
DOUALA
JOHANNESBURG
LAGOS
NAIROBI
WINDHOEK
BUS FLEET 2010
5.400
46.000
8.900
2.600
10.000
550
19.600
80.000
23.000
ABIDJAN
ACCRA
ADDIS ABABA
DAKAR
DAR ES SALAM
DOUALA
JOHANNESBURG
LAGOS
NAIROBI
WINDHOEK
Minibus Fleet 2010
11.100
22.100
10.000
3.000
10.000
ABIDJAN
ACCRA
ADDIS ABABA
DAKAR
DAR ES SALAM
DOUALA
JOHANNESBURG
LAGOS
NAIROBI
WINDHOEK
Shared Taxis Fleet 2010
164.800
54.000
94.000
157.000
141.000
33.000
853.000
800.000
491.000
20.000
ABIDJAN
ACCRA
ADDIS ABABA
DAKAR
DAR ES SALAM
DOUALA
JOHANNESBURG
LAGOS
NAIROBI
WINDHOEK
FLEET OF PRIVATE CAR 2010
Source: Trans Africa 2010
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
2003 2013
191713
306740
MAURITUS FLEET INCREASE 60% ON THE PERIOD OF 10 YEARS
-
500.000
1.000.000
1.500.000
2.000.000
2.500.000
3.000.000
3.500.000
4.000.000
4.500.000
5.000.000
PRIVATE CAR BUS M INIBUS SHARED TAXIS
2010 2015 2020
OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET
1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan
OVERVIEW OF BUS FLEET
OWNERSHIP OF MINIBUSES
Source: SITRASS