Action Research Design- Reading Comprehension
Transcript of Action Research Design- Reading Comprehension
I. SITUATION
Reading is an activity with a purpose. A person may read in order to gain
information or verify existing knowledge, or in order to critique a writer's ideas or
writing style. A person may also read for enjoyment, or to enhance knowledge of
the language being read. The purpose(s) for reading guide the reader's selection of
texts. The purpose for reading also determines the appropriate approach to reading
comprehension. A pupil who needs to know whether she can afford to eat at a
particular restaurant needs to comprehend the pricing information provided on the
menu, but does not need to recognize the name of every appetizer listed. A person
reading poetry for enjoyment needs to recognize the words the poet uses and the
ways they are put together, but does not need to identify main idea and supporting
details. However, a person using a scientific article to support an opinion needs to
know the vocabulary that is used, understand the facts and cause-effect sequences
that are presented, and recognize ideas that are presented as hypotheses and givens.
Reading is an interactive process that goes on between the reader and the
text, resulting in comprehension. The text presents letters, words, sentences, and
paragraphs that encode meaning. The reader uses knowledge, skills, and strategies
to determine what that meaning is.
English has been always noted as one of the most difficult subjects among
the pupils of Urdaneta Central School particularly for Grade II. One of the problems
is the shortage of textbook and workbooks that will develop the pupil’s skills. Poor
attendance of the pupils also affects their learning. Sometimes, calamities affects the
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attendance that may contribute to their learning aspect. Due to these situations, the
researcher prompted to find out the effect of module to enhance reading
comprehension of Grade II Pupils of Urdaneta Central School.
II. PROBLEM:
This action research aims to determine the effectiveness of the module to
enhance reading comprehension of Grade II Pupils of Urdaneta Central School, on
how to improve their reading comprehension in order to achieve 75% of level of
mastery specifically in reading comprehension, improving their proficiency and
vocabulary, their understanding on the reading materials, to improve their ability to
understand what they were reading and able to relate the story they had read.
Problems :
Decoding of polysyllabic words;
Low vocabulary level;
Poor phonological awareness;
Deficiencies in short and long term memory;
Rhyme recognition, awareness of pitch and sense of rhythm.
Language processing difficulties
The pupils can’t understand the text at all.
The pupils misreads the text by totally changing its meaning
The pupils misreads the text by taking words and phrases out of context
("under-reading”).
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III. GENERATION OF ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the module to enhance
reading comprehension of Grade II Pupils of Urdaneta Central School. This module
is one of the innovative means to teach English particularly in enhancing reading
comprehension. The advantage of using module is considered useful and effective.
It is along this premise that the researcher would like to undertake the effectiveness
of the English Module as a means to improve pupils’ understanding on reading, in
which as a result, they will able to enjoy reading in all aspect.
IV. PLAN OF ACTION
This action research was guided by the following objectives and activities to
be done.
A. Objectives
Develop and enhance the reading comprehension of the Grade II
pupils of Urdaneta Central School.
Enhance vocabulary words and develop ability of the pupils to
delivery what they had learned from the story they had read and able
to answer provided questions.
To help in the full implementation teaching guidelines for pupils of
Urdaneta Central School
To motivate the pupils of Grade II- Urdaneta Central School
participate in classroom activities
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To enable them to become a useful pupils and develop their potentials
in order to participate effectively in the school.
To provide opportunities for the pupils express and show their
potentials by motivating them that they were productive pupils despite
their inferiorities.
B. Time Frame
The time frame for this action research will be conducted during the
school year 2010-2011. Including two session of reading activities to rate the
reading comprehension of the students.
C. Target Subjects:
Target pupils for the study are the grade II pupils of Urdaneta Central
School during the A.Y. 2010-2011. There were 23 boys and 17 girls
participated in the activity.
D. Activities to be Undertaken
Target students Teachers
Involved
Activities Expected Results
Grade II pupils Provide a reading
materials intended for
the reading class
instruction
Provide test after
reading intended for
Enhance reading
comprehension of
the Grade II
Ability to reflect
what they had read
as evidence by the
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pre-test and post test result of the pre-test
and post test
Other Expected Results:
Determine the prerequisite skills required on learning English
Development of Exercises to test the comprehension of the pupils.
Evaluate the outcome of the reading class instruction
Understand aspects where the pupils find several difficulties and
aspects they were struggling much
E. Evaluation Criteria
The result of this action reaction shall be reported after 70% of the
pupils o have improved in their reading comprehension and improve in
English in general, the design shall be revised by investigating other
strategies to improve the reading comprehension of the pupils using other
activities and strategies in order to meet the needs and find solutions to the
arising problems among Grade II concerning reading.
F. Research Design
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Activities Data to be collected Statistical Treatment
Use of module intended for
reading in order to test
comprehension among Grade
II pupils
List of pre-requisite
skills focused on
reading
comprehension
Percentage Method
Evaluate the outcome of the
module
Test/result of the
activities
Percentage
(Mean, PLM, T-Test)
Pretest and Post-Test to
determine the effect of
reading class instruction on
the achievement of pupils
Perform pretest and
post-test to
determine the result
Pre-test and Post-Test
mean
Other Activities:
Prepare a letter of request to conduct the action researcher at Urdaneta
Central School duly endorsed by the principal.
Prepare set of questions to be asked after the reading session, this will
be the basis in determining the reading comprehension of the pupils
and determine if the proposed module is effective.
V. PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
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Table 1PRE TEST AND POST TEST RESULTS
(n=40)PRETEST POST TEST
No. Of Pupils who took the test 40 40
No. Of Test Items 10 10
Highest Score Obtained 10 10
Lowest Score Obtained 1 4
No. Of Pupils who achieved 75% level of
mastery
12 34
Class means 6.45 9.03
PLM 25.8% 36.90%
Achievement Rate 30% 85%
Mastery Level of the Pupils by a 75% cut off
Table 1 presents the Mastery Level of the Pupils by a 75% cut off. The
distribution of the pupils based on pretest and post test shown in Table 1 which
shows the detailed and complete frequency distribution of the number of students
fall with the achievement rate. The 75% performance level of mastery of the pretest
was 30% while in post test was 85%. As shown in the table, 34 pupils are
distributed on above 75% performance level of mastery during post test and only 12
pupils on the pretest who got 75% level of mastery. In the Pretest level 12 out of 40
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pupils fall below the 75% level of mastery, and in the post test there were 34 out of
40 pupils fall below 75% level of mastery.
V. CONCLUSION
The detailed and complete frequency distribution of the number of students
fall with the achievement rate shows that the 75% performance level of mastery of
the pretest was 30% while in post test was 85%. This suggests that the proposed
module as the strategy in improving the reading comprehension of the pupils is
effective.
RECOMMENDATION
The researcher therefore recommends the following strategies as to
recruitment and budget.
Introduce motivations and learning modules for pupils in reading
comprehension suited to their needs to be improved.
Additional learning modules for pupils to motivate them more to focus
attention in dealing with reading
Encourage teachers to become more resourceful and aware of several
problems.
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REFLECTION:
Engaging the reader in reading activities is my goal both with pupils in the
classroom in order to deal with the problem. Similarly, the need to demonstrate
academic achievement as a prerequisite for elementary students has given way to the
belief that pupils should not be denied the opportunity that they learn how to
comprehend. These proposal can be of great help in their mastery of the pupils as to
comprehension during reading class or at home under the guidance of their parents. For
the fast learners, the proposed materials can serve to reinforce their comprehension skills
along the objectives which the materials seek to develop.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mill, F. (1997) Fun in English. Cambridge University Press
Johnston, S & Watson, J. (1999) Reading. Literacy & Learning April/May
McGuinness, D. (1998) Why Children Can’t Read. London: Penguin.
McGuinness, D. (1998) Why Children Can’t Read. London: Penguin.
SOEID (1996) Methods of Teaching Reading: key issues in research and implications for practice.
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URDANETA CITY
ACTION RESEARCHAbout
The Effect of Module to Enhance Reading Comprehension of Grade II Pupils of Urdaneta
Central School
Presented to:
Presented by:
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