Sanjiv Aggarwal,Chief Engineer, CWC

10-04-13

WUE-Definition WUE-Definition

• Ratio of water required for beneficial use to the water supplied from source.• All the water released can not be put to

beneficial use.• In irrigation schemes some evaporation,

seepage and infiltration losses in conveyance & in field unavoidable. • Distribution loss, evaporation loss unavoidable

in water supply schemes and industries also.

Indicative Present Level of Efficiencies

Water uses Quantity* Present Level of efficiency (%)^

Full achievable efficiency (%)@

Irrigation

Surface water 339 30 60

Ground water 218 55 75

Drinking water

Urban water 33 60 90

Rural water 10 70 90

Industries (including for Power)

56 80 95

Others (environment, evaporation etc.)

54 - -

Total 710

Main reasons for low WUE

CWC completed 35 WUE studies – their outcome: Delay in project completion Lack of funds for Operations and Maintenance (O&M)• Dilapidated condition of canal• Breakage of gate seals etc• Lack of measuring devices Inefficient water management• High seepage / leakage loss• Inequitable and untimely delivery of water to fields

Main reasons for low WUE (Contd.)

Gap in Irrigation Potential Created (IPC) & Utilised (IPU)• Lack of On Farm Development (OFD) works

Process of involving stakeholders in water management slow• Wasteful use of water by head reach farmers

Inefficient water application methods Lack of provision of lining in Field Channels & Water

Courses

Scope for improvement Water uses Quantity

*Scope for

increase in efficiency

(%)

Quantum of water likely to be saved for full efficiency

Quantum of water likely to be saved by 20% increase or full

efficiencyIrrigationSurface water 339 30 102 68Ground water 218 20 44 44Drinking waterUrban water 33 30 10 7Rural water 10 20 2 2Industries 56 15 8 8Others 54 - - -Total 710 176 129

Timeline2008, June National Action Plan for

Climate Change2009, March Formulation & Submission of

National Water Mission2010, August Approval by Hon’ble PM’s

Council2010, December

An Outline of the Action PlanFor Achieving the Goal of "Increasing Water Use Efficiency by 20%"

2011, April Approval by the Cabinet2011, July Mission Secretariat created

8

NWM (APPROVED by GOI in April 2011) – NWM (APPROVED by GOI in April 2011) – GoalsGoals

• Goal-1: Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resources;

• Goal-2: Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation and preservation;

• Goal-3: Focused attention to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas;

• Goal-4: Increasing water use efficiency by 20%; and

• Goal-5: Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management

Strategies under Goal-4 of NWM1. Research in area of increasing water use efficiency

and maintaining its quality in agriculture, industry and domestic sector;

2. Incentivize recycling of water including wastewater;

3. Development of Eco-friendly sanitation system;4. Improve efficiency of urban water supply system;5. Efficiency labeling of water appliances and fixtures;6. Promotion of water efficient techniques and

technologies;7. Undertake Pilot projects for improvement in water

use efficiency in collaboration with States;

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Strategies under Goal-4 of NWM (contd.)

8. Promote Water Regulatory Authorities for ensuring equitable water distribution and rational charges for water facilities;

9. Promote mandatory water audit including those for drinking water purposes;

10.Adequate provision for operation & maintenance of water resources projects;

11.Incentive through award for water conservation & efficient use of water; and

12.Incentivize use of efficient irrigation practices and fully utilize the created facilities

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InitiativesCWC prepared “Handbook for computing the Water

Use Efficiency for Irrigation Projects – 2010” for guidance to the States

MoWR/CWC requested States for proposals for:Undertaking WUE studies of Irrigation projects (211 no.);Preparing DPRs for benchmarking/demonstrative

projects;One proposal @ State would be considered;Four proposals from four States have been accepted;Proposals of few States rejected being routine;ToR for preparation of DPR under finalisation

Interventions requiredImproved agriculture practices

Land levelling and shaping;Enforcement of warabandi for equitable distribution

of water;Lining of field channels & water courses;Use of modern tools like aqua-seed-ferti drill;Raised bed planting;

Reclamation of water logged areasUse of biogas slurry and other local innovative

practicesConstruction of drains

Interventions required (contd.)

Volumetric supply of irrigation waterUse of GIS and real-time communication

system,Installation of Supervisory Control & Data

Acquisition (SCADA) system, Instrumentation for measurement of field

Soil moisture,System of Rice Intensification

Interventions required (contd.)

Adequate provision for O&M of irrigation projects which is seriously lacking

Constitution of water regulatory authorities at State level for ensuring equitable water distribution and rational water charges

Incentives through awards for water conservation efficient use of water

Thanks