Acquisition of Mercury Athletic
Transcript of Acquisition of Mercury Athletic
Acquisition of Mercury AthleticJB Gough
Active Gear, Inc.
Table of Contents
Mercury Background……………………………...............3
Complimentary Business Structures…………………….4
Stalled Growth Potential: Ratios…………………………5
Active Gear and Its Competitors…………………………6
Acquisition Benefits and Concerns………………………7
Mercury Valuation Summary……………………………..8
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis…………………………9
DCF Assumptions: Determining WACC……………….10
What Happens If…?...................................................11-12
Public Companies Analysis…………………….............13
Synergy Analysis………………………………………...14
Value Added Through Synergies………………………15
Acquisition Recommendation…………………………..16
Appendix………………………………………………...17-20
Mercury Background
2003 - acquired by West Coast Fashions (WCF)
Attempted brand extension through apparel line
Business stalled
Mercury CEO eager to return exclusively to footwear
Four footwear product lines
Men’s/Women’s athletic
Men’s/Women’s casual
2006:
Revenue - $431.1 million
EBITDA - $51.8 million
Complimentary Business StructuresCompany Features Active Gear, Inc. Mercury Athletic
Diversified contract manufacturer base (Asia)
Athletic and Casual Footwear Lines
Geographically diversified sale networks
Strong market research experience
Efficient inventory management system
Well-developed product designs
Suburban customer base
Urban customer base
Strong brand recognition
Staff oversight of manufacturing process
Higher athletic line revenue
Higher casual line revenue
Stalled Growth Potential: Ratios
Slightly declined performance for both companies (2004-2006)
Financially stable, but growth potential of combined businesses is high
Acquisition to restore financial growth
Synergies from complementary business structures
Active Gear, Inc. Mercury AthleticIncreasing Inventory
Stalled Margin GrowthYear 2004 2005 2006
EBIT Margin 13.4% 14.2% 12.8%
Net Income Margin 7.7% 8.8% 7.6%
Return on Assets 15.0% 17.4% 14.5%
EBITDA Margin 15.0% 15.7% 14.6%
Year 2004 2005 2006
Current Ratio 3.97 3.96 3.91
Quick Ratio 1.90 2.03 1.87
Inventory Turnover 6.36 5.07 5.89
Days Sales Outstanding 31.20 39.32 38.87
EBIT Margin 9.5% 8.7% 9.8%
Net Income Margin 5.8% 5.3% 6.0%
Return on Assets 13.9% 7.4% 9.6%
EBITDA Margin 11.8% 10.9% 12.0%
Stagnant Overall GrowthYear 2004 2005 2006
Current Ratio 2.87 2.53 2.36
Quick Ratio 2.30 1.84 1.67
Inventory Turnover 11.69 9.37 8.39
Days Sales in Inventory 31.21 38.96 43.49
Active Gear and Its Competitors
Low leverage relative to competition
AGI needs revenue/earnings boost
Stalled revenue growth (2004-2006)
Stronger profitability margins
But stagnant since 2004
*For complete list of comps and reasons for inclusion/exclusion, see Appendix
Revenue
Equity Net LTM LTM CAGR EBIT EBITDA Net Inc.
Company Market Value Debt (1) D/E Revenue Earnings 2000-06 Margin Margin Margin
D&B Shoe Company 420,098 125,442 29.9% 2,545,058 67,679 6.6% 4.4% 6.1% 2.7%
General Shoe Corp. 533,463 171,835 32.2% 1,322,392 64,567 11.2% 8.8% 11.5% 4.9%
Kinsley Coulter Products 165,560 82,236 49.7% 552,594 27,568 4.6% 6.9% 8.9% 5.0%
Surfside Footwear 570,684 195,540 34.3% 1,241,529 73,124 10.1% 9.3% 10.8% 5.9%
Alpine Company 1,056,033 300,550 28.5% 1,614,648 112,015 6.2% 10.4% 12.2% 6.9%
Heartland Outdoor Footware 1,454,875 (97,018) -6.7% 1,176,144 86,156 8.5% 10.8% 12.6% 7.3%
Templeton Athletic 397,709 169,579 42.6% 516,182 79,170 14.4% 19.9% 20.2% 15.3%
Average 656,917 135,452 30.1% 1,281,221 72,897 8.8% 10.1% 11.8% 6.9%
AGI 100,496 25.0% 470,286 35,949 1.5% 12.8% 14.6% 7.6%
Primed for
Acquisition
Opportunity
Acquisition Benefits and Concerns
1) Larger size can better compete with
rival firms
2) Prime position to renegotiate
manufacturing contracts
3) Broaden customer base
4) Expansion of customer demographic
5) Inventory management system easily
integrated with Mercury’s products
6) High operating margins of Men’s
athletic line for Mercury
7) Incorporate Mercury’s advanced
market research
8) Men’s casual/Women’s athletic lines
for Mercury should recover financially
1) Rebranding of Active Gear
Discount retailers
Loss of previous customer
base?
2) Return on Net Assets, and DSI
ratios for Mercury well below
industry average
3) Underperforming Women’s
casual line
*For complete analysis of these pros and cons, see the Appendix
Pros Cons
($ in Millions)
Selected Public Companies Analysis
5.0x - 7.5x 2008P EBITDA ($62.8MM)
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
(3.0% - 4.0% Perpetuity Growth), (9.86% - 11.86% WACC)
5.1x - 7.4x 2008P EBITDA ($62.8MM)
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
(5% - 7% Cost of Debt), (11.67% - 13.67$ Cost of Equity)
5.4x - 6.8x 2008P EBITDA ($62.8MM)
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (10% - 30% Debt in Capital Structure)
5.4x - 6.3x 2008P EBITDA ($62.8MM)
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (10.8% - 14.8% EBITDA Margin)
4.6x - 7.4x 2008P EBITDA ($62.8MM)
6.0xEnterprise Value / 2008P EBITDA 7.0x5.0x 5.5x4.5x 6.5x 7.5x 8.0x
Implied Enterprise Value
Mercury Valuation Summary
$314.1 $471.1
$319.2 $463.3
Averaging the valuation methodologies:
Mercury Athletic Enterprise Value = $381,962,651
$336.7 $428.5
$337.0 $397.4
$289.0 $463.1
$381.9
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Operating Results: 2007E 2008P 2009P 2010P 2011P CAGR
Net Revenue 479,329.1 489,028.1 532,137.0 570,319.2 597,716.8 6.9%
% Growth 11.2% 2.0% 8.8% 7.2% 4.8%
EBITDA 56,592.3 62,816.5 68,247.5 73,092.7 76,565.9 6.8%
% Margin 11.8% 12.8% 12.8% 12.8% 12.8%
EBIT 47,005.7 53,036.0 57,604.8 61,686.3 64,611.6 6.8%
Less: Taxes (40%) 18,802.3 21,214.4 23,041.9 24,674.5 25,844.6
Tax-Adjusted EBIT 28,203.4 31,821.6 34,562.9 37,011.8 38,767.0
Plus: Depreciation & Amortization 9,586.6 9,780.6 10,642.7 11,406.4 11,954.3
Less: CapEx (11,983.2) (12,225.7) (13,303.4) (14,258.0) (14,942.9)
Less: NOWC changes (4,567.0) (2,649.1) (9,804.8) (8,687.4) (6,233.3)
Free Cash Flow $21,239.8 $26,727.3 $22,097.4 $25,472.8 $29,545.0 3.4%
Financial Projections
Accepting all assumptions:
Enterprise Value = $376,659,336
*For complete DCF calculations, see the Appendix
NPV of Free Cash Flows $101,585.85
Terminal Value $415,478.0
PV of Terminal Value $275,073.5
Enterprise Value $376,659.3
Unlevered Beta 1.35 (from Comps list)
Levered Beta 1.55
Market Risk Premium (MRP) 5%
Risk Free Rate 4.93% (20-yr Treasury Rate)
Mercury Capital Structure
Debt 20%
Equity 80%
Cost of Debt 6%
Cost of Equity 12.67%
WACC 10.86%
WACC Assumptions
DCF Assumptions: Determining WACC
Terminal Value growth rate = 3.5%.....Why?
Free Cash Flow compound annual growth rate (CAGR)
(2008-2011)
Women’s line to be discontinued after 2007
More accurate representation of future to use CAGR of free
cash flows after women’s line is discontinued (i.e. 2008-2011)
Calculated from:
𝑟𝑠 = 𝑟𝑓 +𝑀𝑅𝑃 ∗ (𝐿𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝛽)
𝑟𝑓
𝑟𝑠
What Happens If…? Change in Mercury’s Capital Structure
Change in Mercury’s WACC, Growth Rate
Percent Debt 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Percent Equity 90% 85% 80% 75% 70%
Cost of Equity 12.11% 12.38% 12.67% 13.01% 13.40%
WACC 11.77% 11.06% 10.86% 10.66% 10.46%
2011 Free Cash Flows 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0
Terminal Value 369,872.1 404,485.6 415,478.0 427,082.6 439,355.1
PV of Terminal Value 237,022.6 265,871.9 275,073.5 284,806.0 295,117.9
PV of Free Cash Flows 100,020.0 101,236.4 101,585.8 101,937.8 102,292.3
Implied Enterprise Value $337,042.6 $367,108.2 $376,659.3 $386,743.8 $397,410.2
Sensitivity Analysis: Capital Structure
Discount Rate
Perpetuity Growth Rate 3.00% 3.50% 4.00% 3.00% 3.50% 4.00% 3.00% 3.50% 4.00%
2011 Free Cash Flow $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0 $29,545.0
Terminal Value 443,606.2 480,803.7 524,348.8 387,167.8 415,478.0 447,913.1 343,469.4 365,778.9 390,926.7
PV of Terminal Value 304,536.4 330,072.5 359,966.3 256,330.2 275,073.5 296,547.5 219,375.8 233,625.0 249,687.1
PV of Free Cash Flows 103,371.3 103,371.3 103,371.3 101,585.8 101,585.8 101,585.8 99,863.2 99,863.2 99,863.2
Implied Enterprise Value $407,907.7 $433,443.8 $463,337.6 $357,916.0 $376,659.3 $398,133.3 $319,239.0 $333,488.2 $349,550.2
11.86%
Sensitivity Analysis: WACC, Growth Rate
9.86% 10.86%
What Happens If…? Change in Mercury’s EBITDA Margin
Cost of Debt
Cost of Equity 11.67% 12.67% 13.67% 11.67% 12.67% 13.67% 11.67% 12.67% 13.67%
WACC 9.94% 10.74% 11.54% 10.06% 10.86% 11.66% 10.18% 10.98% 11.78%
Free Cash Flow 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0 29,545.0
Terminal Value 475,126.1 422,596.9 380,526.5 466,429.4 415,478.0 374,927.8 458,045.4 409,030.4 369,491.5
PV of Terminal Value $325,273.8 $281,041.9 $245,880.8 $317,929.7 $275,073.5 $241,223.4 $310,856.9 $269,674.2 $236,706.5
PV of Free Cash Flows $103,233.3 $101,803.7 $100,414.6 $103,016.2 $101,585.8 $100,209.6 $102,800.1 $101,382.8 $100,005.5
Implied Enterprise Value $428,507.1 $382,845.6 $346,295.4 $420,945.9 $376,659.3 $341,433.0 $413,657.0 $371,057.0 $336,712.0
Sensitivity Analysis: Cost of Capital
5.00% 6.00% 7.00%
Change in Mercury’s Cost of Capital
EBITDA Margin 10.8% 11.8% 12.8% 13.8% 14.8%
2011 Free Cash Flows 22,337.5 25,923.8 29,545.0 33,096.4 36,682.7
Terminal Value 314,121.8 364,554.7 415,478.0 465,419.6 515,852.1
PV of Terminal Value 207,969.1 241,359.0 275,073.5 308,138.1 341,527.7
PV of Free Cash Flows 81,076.1 91,206.7 101,585.8 111,467.9 121,598.5
Implied Enterprise Value $289,045.2 $332,565.7 $376,659.3 $419,606.0 $463,126.1
Sensitivity Analysis: EBITDA Margin
Public Companies Analysis
Equity LTM LTM EBITDA EV/EBITDA
Company Market Value Revenue Earnings Margin Multiple
D&B Shoe Company 420,098 2,545,058 67,679 6.1% 3.9x
General Shoe Corp. 533,463 1,322,392 64,567 11.5% 5.1x
Kinsley Coulter Products 165,560 552,594 27,568 8.9% 5.5x
Surfside Footwear 570,684 1,241,529 73,124 10.8% 6.3x
Alpine Company 1,056,033 1,614,648 112,015 12.2% 7.6x
Heartland Outdoor Footware 1,454,875 1,176,144 86,156 12.6% 10.1x
Templeton Athletic 397,709 516,182 79,170 20.2% 6.0x
Average 656,917 1,281,221 72,897 11.8% 6.3x
Enterprise value of most comps fall within 5x-8x EBITDA
Predicted 2008 EBITDA used to value Mercury
Women’s casual line discontinued after 2007
Misleading to use 2007 EBITDA with women’s casual
revenue included
EBITDA Industry Average EBITDA
Company 2008* EBITDA Multiple Multiple Range Minimum Maximum
Mercury Athletic Footwear $62,816.5 6.3x 5x - 7.5x $314,082.67 $471,124.01
Implied Valuation Range
Average Enterprise Value = $392,603,342
Synergies Analysis Synergies with AGI improve Mercury’s inventory
Lower inventories lower working capital changes
Higher cash flows, especially year after change (2008)
Higher terminal growth rate
Sensitivity analysis on WACC, Growth rate
New Enterprise Value range
Enterprise Value = $479,688,850
Average from all WACC, Growth Rate outcomes
Discount Rate
Perpetuity Growth Rate 4.00% 4.50% 5.00% 4.00% 4.50% 5.00% 4.00% 4.50% 5.00%
Implied Enterprise Value $513,631.0 $550,764.2 $596,103.4 $444,641.7 $470,660.1 $501,503.1 $393,176.0 $412,278.4 $434,441.8
Sensitivity Analysis: WACC, Growth Rate
9.86% 10.86% 11.86%
Operating Results: 2007E 2008P 2009P 2010P 2011P CAGR
Tax-Effected EBIT 28,203.4 31,821.6 34,562.9 37,011.8 38,767.0 6.8%
Plus: Depreciation & Amortization 9,586.6 9,780.6 10,642.7 11,406.4 11,954.3 6.9%
Less: CapEx (11,983.2) (12,225.7) (13,303.4) (14,258.0) (14,942.9) 6.9%
Less: NOWC changes (4,567.0) 25,874.5 (7,290.4) (6,460.3) (4,635.3) 33.0%
Free Cash Flow $21,239.8 $55,250.9 $24,611.8 $27,699.9 $31,143.1 4.5%
Financial Projections
Value Added Through Synergies
DCF without synergies
Enterprise Value = $381,962,651
DCF with inventory management synergies
Enterprise Value = $479,688,850
Synergy value added = $97,726,199
Significant value added
Profitable
Acquisition
Opportunity
Acquisition Recommendation Active Gear in prime position to acquire Mercury Athletic
AGI margins stagnant, but above industry averages
Acquisition to put AGI’s margins even more ahead of competitors
Easily integrated corporate structures
AGI’s business strengths compliment Mercury’s
Mercury: promising men’s casual, women’s athletic lines
Larger size = Better competition among rival firms
Expansion of customer base and consumer demographic
Mercury’s value/size comparable to rival firms
Synergies add significant value post-acquisition
Rebranding to revitalize AGI’s growth
Final Recommendation: ACQUIRE MERCURY
Appendix
Public Company Analysis
Excluded Marina and Victory
Victory’s firm size simply too large compared to AGI and rest of the comps
LTM Revenue/Earnings puts them well above industry average
Marina’s capital structure significantly different from the others
Marina’s profitability margins well above comp average
EBIT Multiples for Victory and Marina significantly larger than average
Revenue
Equity Net LTM LTM CAGR EBIT EBITDA Net Inc. EBIT
Company Market Value Debt (1) D/E Revenue Earnings 2000-06 Margin Margin Margin Multiple
D&B Shoe Company 420,098 125,442 29.9% 2,545,058 67,679 6.6% 4.4% 6.1% 2.7% 5.5x
Marina Wilderness 1,205,795 (91,559) -7.6% 313,556 41,923 17.8% 22.1% 23.1% 13.4% 18.0x
General Shoe Corp. 533,463 171,835 32.2% 1,322,392 64,567 11.2% 8.8% 11.5% 4.9% 6.8x
Kinsley Coulter Products 165,560 82,236 49.7% 552,594 27,568 4.6% 6.9% 8.9% 5.0% 7.3x
Victory Athletic 35,303,250 7,653,207 21.7% 15,403,547 1,433,760 7.9% 14.1% 16.0% 9.3% 22.1x
Surfside Footwear 570,684 195,540 34.3% 1,241,529 73,124 10.1% 9.3% 10.8% 5.9% 7.4x
Alpine Company 1,056,033 300,550 28.5% 1,614,648 112,015 6.2% 10.4% 12.2% 6.9% 9.0x
Heartland Outdoor Footware 1,454,875 (97,018) -6.7% 1,176,144 86,156 8.5% 10.8% 12.6% 7.3% 12.0x
Templeton Athletic 397,709 169,579 42.6% 516,182 79,170 14.4% 19.9% 20.2% 15.3% 6.2x
Average 4,567,496 945,535 24.9% 2,742,850 220,662 9.7% 11.9% 13.5% 7.9% 10.5x
AGI 100,496.34 25.0% 470,286.0 35,949.00 1.5% 12.8% 14.6% 7.6%
Mercury 10,058.29 25.0% 431,120.55 25,998.36 8.2% 9.8% 12.0% 6.0%
Appendix
Pros
1) Chinese contract manufacturers are
consolidating…benefiting larger firms in industry.
AGI needs to scale up to compete for continued
Chinese manufacturing
2) AGI’s largest contract manufacturer
accounts for no more than 12% of its total
inventory volume
3)-4) AGI sells to suburban 25-45 year olds.
Mercury sells to younger, more “hipster” 15-25
age group. Acquisition to increase
demographic and consumer base.
8) Bad weather and strikes by dockworkers
delayed shipments of Mercury’s highly-
anticipated holiday men’s casual line. Events
like these are rare and should not be expected
to repeat often. Mercury spent capital on
targeted advertising and promotional programs
for Women’s athletic line. Margins should
improve in the immediate future.
Cons
1) AGI does not like selling to discount
retailers. These retailers are a big part of
Mercury’s business/revenue. AGI would need
to accept a rebranding of their products.
Mercury’s revenue actually increased after
selling to discount retailers. Thus, AGI should
not be too worried about the prospect of
rebranding and discounting some of their
products.
Appendix
Discounted Cash Flow Calculations
Operating Results: 2007E 2008P 2009P 2010P 2011P CAGR
Net Revenue 479,329.1 489,028.1 532,137.0 570,319.2 597,716.8 6.9%
Less: Cost of Goods Sold
Gross Profit
Less: Selling, General & Administrative
EBITDA 56,592.3 62,816.5 68,247.5 73,092.7 76,565.9 6.8%
Less: Depreciation & Amortization 9,586.6 9,780.6 10,642.7 11,406.4 11,954.3 6.9%
EBIT 47,005.7 53,036.0 57,604.8 61,686.3 64,611.6 6.8%
Less: Taxes (40%) 18,802.3 21,214.4 23,041.9 24,674.5 25,844.6 6.8%
Tax-Effected EBIT 28,203.4 31,821.6 34,562.9 37,011.8 38,767.0 6.8%
Plus: Depreciation & Amortization 9,586.6 9,780.6 10,642.7 11,406.4 11,954.3 6.9%
Less: CapEx (11,983.2) (12,225.7) (13,303.4) (14,258.0) (14,942.9) 6.9%
Less: NOWC changes (4,567.0) (2,649.1) (9,804.8) (8,687.4) (6,233.3) 33.0%
Free Cash Flow $21,239.8 $26,727.3 $22,097.4 $25,472.8 $29,545.0 3.4%
Financial Projections
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
NOWC 104,117.2 108,684.2 111,333.3 121,138.2 129,825.6 136,058.9
NOWC Changes 4,567.0 2,649.1 9,804.8 8,687.4 6,233.3
Net Operating Working Capital
(Current Assets - Current Liabilities)
Select Balance Sheet Accounts 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Cash Used in Operations 10,676 4,161 4,195 4,566 4,894 5,130
Accounts Receivable 45,910 47,888 48,857 53,164 56,978 59,715
Inventory 73,149 83,770 85,465 92,999 99,672 104,460
Prepaid Expenses 10,172 14,474 14,767 16,069 17,222 18,049
Total Current Assets 139,908 150,293 153,284 166,798 178,766 187,354
Liabilities
Accounts Payable 16,981 18,830 18,985 20,664 22,149 23,214
Accrued Expenses 18,810 22,778 22,966 24,996 26,792 28,081
Total Current Liabilities 35,791 41,609 41,951 45,659 48,941 51,295
Appendix
Synergy Analysis Calculations
Year 2008 2009 2010 2011
Consolidated Revenue 489,028.1 532,137.0 570,319.2 597,716.8
Mercury Inventory (w/ new DSI) 56,941.6 61,961.2 66,407.0 69,597.2
Days Sales In Inventory 42.5 (Inventory/(Revenue * 365))
Mercury Inventory (w/ new DSI)
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
NOWC 104,117.2 108,684.2 82,809.7 90,100.1 96,560.5 101,195.8
NOWC Changes 4,567.0 (25,874.5) 7,290.4 6,460.3 4,635.3
Net Operating Working Capital
(Current Assets - Current Liabilities)
Select Balance Sheet Accounts 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Cash Used in Operations 10,676 4,161 4,195 4,566 4,894 5,130
Accounts Receivable 45,910 47,888 48,857 53,164 56,978 59,715
Inventory 73,149 83,770 56,942 61,961 66,407 69,597
Prepaid Expenses 10,172 14,474 14,767 16,069 17,222 18,049
Total Current Assets 139,908 150,293 124,761 135,760 145,501 152,491
Liabilities
Accounts Payable 16,981 18,830 18,985 20,664 22,149 23,214
Accrued Expenses 18,810 22,778 22,966 24,996 26,792 28,081
Total Current Liabilities 35,791 41,609 41,951 45,659 48,941 51,295