ACME December 2015 report on media coverage of 2016 general elections

8/20/2019 ACME December 2015 report on media coverage of 2016 general elections

1/80

Monitoring Media Cover

the 2016 ElectionsFindings, December 2015


2/80

Background

Objective of the project:

To enhance the integrity of the election process by de

and exposing irregularities and fraud.


3/80

Why monitor media coverage of electThe goal of ACME’s project is to contribute to accurate, fair, imand balanced coverage of the 2016 elections. ACME’s specific

objectives are: To monitor, document and share trends in media coverage

2016 general elections.

To monitor media compliance with election reporting guideregulations.

To influence journalists, editors and media owners to providinformation that is more accurate, impartial and fair.

To empower civil society and the public to demand adherenprofessional standards in media coverage of elections.


4/80

MethodologyScope of study:

A purposive sample of print and electronic media.

December 2015 coverage of presidential and parliamentaryby newspaper, TV and radio.

Media content types: news, current affairs, and commentar

Data collection method:

Story/article is the unit of analysis.Content analysis.

Key informant interviews.


5/80

Sampling (1)

9 newspapers5 televisions channels

33 radio stations

Social media

Choice constitutes a purposive sample designed to capture althe election coverage to which the electorate is exposed.


6/80

Sampling (2)

Print (9) Television (5)

•Dailies - New Vision, Daily Monitor,

Red Pepper, Bukedde

•Weeklies - The Independent, Etop,

Rupiny and Orumuri

• Tri-weekly - The Observer

•Public channels – UBC &

•Private channels – NTV,


7/80

Sampling (3)

Radio (33)

Languages: English, Luganda, Ateso, Luo, Lumasaba, Lusoga, Lug

Runyakitara

Stations: UBC, Bukedde, Arua One, Baba FM, Buddu FM, Bushen

Radio, Central Broadcasting Services, Dokolo, Kagadi BroadcastinKasese Guide, KFM, Kioga Veritus FM, Mighty FM, Nenah, Nile, O

FM, Radio Amani, Radio pacis, Radio Rhino, Radio Sapienta, Radi

FM, Rukungiri FM, Signal FM, Simba, Spice FM, Sun, Top Radio, V

FM, Voice of Kigezi, Voice of Life, Voice of Teso, Voice of Toro


8/80

Monitoring/Research Questions Topics

Type of reports

Nature of reporting

Sources (type, number and gender)

Political parties

Presidential candidates

Tone of coverage Frequency of personal attacks

Right of reply

Interrogation of election promises

Background & context


9/80

The findings

The findings offer insights into December findings andin media coverage of the 2016 presidential and parliaelections as tracked and analysed since September fo

newspapers, television and radio.


10/80

Content type by media

89%

11%

Newspaper N=827

News articles Opinions

10%

90%

Television N=557

Talk Shows News articles

4.

95.9

Radio N

Talk shows


11/80

Type of election reporting by media

Radio Television Newspaper

45.365.9

63.6

37.9

22.4 24.4

16.8 11.7 12

(%)

Presidential Parliamentary Both


12/80

Front page coverageYoweri Museveni (NRM) was the most covered presidentialin December. 39.6% front page coverage was dedicated to himfollowed by Amama Mbabazi (Independent) and Kizza Besigye

Since September, these three presidential candidates have biggest share of coverage on front page. In September and Omore front page coverage was given to Mbabazi than Museve


13/80

Front page coverage for December 2

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

20.8

Baryamureeba

Biraro

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

Front page coverage (%) N=827, N1=94, n=144


14/80

Front page coverage by newspape

Bukedde Etop Monitor New Vision Orumuri Red Pepper Rupiny

Ob

50.0

25.6 28.0

47.6 50.02.3 0.0

0.00.0

2.3 0.0

0.00.0

33.3

32.6

20.0

14.3

50.0

2.32.32.3

50.0

66.7

30.2

52.0

100.0

38.1

Front page coverage (%) N=827, N1=94, n=144

Mbabazi Baryamureeba Biraro Besigye Bwanika Mabirizi Kyalya Museveni


15/80

#Trends: Front page coverage of cand

0.70.70.70.70.7

20.836.1

39.6

Baryamure…

Biraro

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

DECEMBER (%)

N=827, N1=94, n=144

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

26.8

32.9

40.2

Baryamure…

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Other

Museveni

Besigye

Mbabazi

OCTOBER (%)

N=493, N1=56, n=82

0.0

0.0

4.5

7.3

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Other

Museveni

Besigye

Mbabazi

SEPTEMBER (%)

N=336, N1=70, n=1

2.73.13.13.7

6.1

Bwanika

Biraro

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

NOVEMBER (%)

N=920, N1=186, n=


16/80

Most covered candidate (space & time

In December, NRM’s Yoweri Museveni was accorded the bigamount of space in newspapers and time on radio and televis

Since September, Museveni, Mbabazi and Besigye have hadbiggest share of media space and time compared to their rivarace. In September and October, for instance, Mbabazi had thshare of newspaper space, a position taken over by MusevenNovember and December.


17/80

Space & time by presidential candid

0.3

1.5

1.6

2.1

2.5

19.8

28.0

44.2

Biraro

Bwanika

Kyalya

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

NEWSPAPER (%) N=827, N1=577,

Area=394,946.00 Cm2

0.4

0.5

1.3

1.8

3.5

18.9

20.2

53.4

Kyalya

Biraro

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Bwanika

Mbabazi

Besigye

Museveni

TELEVISION (%)

N=557, N1=432, Time=1,722.80 Minutes

1.1

1.

1.

1.

2

Biraro

Kyalya

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Bwanika

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

R

N=836, N1=3

m

S did b


18/80

Space to candidates by newspape

Bukedde Etop Monitor New Vision Orumuri Red Pepper Rupiny The

Independent

46.2

67.7

30.8

55.5 59.1 51.1

6.2

52.7

36.74.4

28.6

15.2

33.438.9

47.2

24.2

14.027.9

22.9

23.5

2.6 9.6

46.6

23.1

0.00.0

6.2

1.3 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.01.1

0.0

5.3

0.8 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.00.0

0.0

4.4 0.0 0.0

0.2 0.0 0.02.0 0.0 1.3 3.20.0

0.2 0.0 0.00.0 0.0 0.4 0.64.9

0.0 0.0 0.0

Space to candidates (%) N=827, N1=577, Area=394,946.00 Cm2

Museveni Mbabazi Besigye Baryamureeba Mabirizi Kyalya Bwanika B


19/80

Time to candidates by television sta

Bukedde NBS NTV Uganda UBC WBS

19.1 21.4 21.510.7

23.4

1.01.8 3.6

0.0

0.00.0

0.31.3

0.0

0.0

19.525.2

27.3

6.6

5.4

13.80.6

2.7

3.1

3.7

2.31.5

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.00.3

1.0

0.0

0.0

44.3 48.941.2

78.967.5

Time to candidates by TV

(%) N=557, N1=432, Time=1,722.80 Minutes

Mbabazi Baryamureeba Biraro Besigye Bwanika Mabirizi Kyalya Museveni


20/80

Trends: Most covered candidate (new

0.31.51.62.12.5

19.8

28.044.2

Biraro

Bwanika

Kyalya

Mabirizi

BaryamureebaBesigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

DECEMBER (%)

N=827, N1=577, Area=394,946.00 Cm2

0.2

0.7

0.7

2.0

27.6

29.5

39.4

Other

Mabirizi

Baryamure…

Bwanika

Besigye

Museveni

Mbabazi

OCTOBER (%)

N=493, N1=223, Area=178,318.8 Cm2

0.5

0.5

1.5

16.7

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Other

Yoweri

Besigye

Amama

SEPTEMBER (%)

N=336, N1=216, Area=182

2.32.62.93.03.4

21

Biraro

Bwanika

Kyalya

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

NOVEMBER (%)

N=920, N1=663, Area=481,7


21/80

Trends: Time to candidates - Televi

0.4

0.5

1.3

1.8

3.5

18.9

20.2

Kyalya

Biraro

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Bwanika

Mbabazi

Besigye

Museveni

DECEMBER %

N=557, N1=432, Time=1,722

3.3

3.5

3.7

4.3

9.1

19.1

24.2

32.8

Biraro

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

NOVEMBER

N=488, N1=417, Time=2,679.02 Minutes


22/80

Trends: Time to candidates - Rad

1.1

1.5

1.6

1.7

2.5

Biraro

Kyalya

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Bwanika

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

DECEMBER(%)

N=836, N1=388, Time=1,593

1.7

1.7

3.0

4.6

4.7

17.4

27.5

39.3

Mabirizi

Biraro

Bwanika

Kyalya

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

NOVEMBER (%)

N=1175, N1=794, Time=2,700.67 Minutes


23/80

Space & time to elections by media typ

In December, New Vision, Daily Monitor and Bukedde promore newspaper space to election coverage.

For TV, NBS and NTV Uganda accorded more airtime sthe coverage of elections.


24/80

Space & time to elections by media typ

0.52

0.81

1.12

2.17

8.46

11.11

17.11

22.27

36.42

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00

Orumuri

The Independent

Rupiny

Etop

The Observer

Red Pepper

Bukedde

Monitor

New Vision

Space by newspaper (%) N=827,

Area=685,351.7 Cm2

5.8

10.4

18.1

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 2

WBS

Bukedde

UBC

NTV Uganda

NBS

Time by Television station

Time=2,819.07 Min


25/80

Most covered topic

Politics was the most covered topic over the monitoring pe

Coverage of election-related issues on economy, human rig

security, health and infrastructure is on the rise in all three mtypes.


26/80

Most covered topic by media type

0.4

0.9

2.3

2.3

3.0

4.44.5

7.0

7.4

7.4

8.7

10.0

10.431.5

Foreign policy

other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Infrastructure

Health

Economy

Politics

NEWSPAPER (%)

n=1,720

0.4

2.1

2.1

2.4

2.4

2.44.6

6.5

7.2

8.7

10.2

10.2

11.429.5

Foreign affairs

Land

Other

Corruption

Energy

Natural resources

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Health

Economy

Infrastructure

Politics

TELEVISION (%)

n=1,265

Foreign policy

Other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Agriculture

Human rights

Infrastructure

Health

Education

Security

Economy

Politics

R


27/80

Trends: Most covered topics - Newsp

Foreign policy

other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Infrastructure

Health

Economy

Politics

D

0.7

0.7

0.8

1.5

2.4

2.5

2.9

3.2

3.5

3.6

4.7

7.1

7.3

59.2

Foreign policy

Land

Natural resources

Energy

Agriculture

Health

Education

Infrastructure

Corruption

Other

Economy

Security

Human rights

Politics

OCTOBER (%)

n=723

0.9

1.85

2.25

2.6

3.34.0

5.4

6.7

7.6

8.3

8.4

9.311.4

28.1

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Natural…

Energy

Human rights

Corruption

Agriculture

Health

Security

Infrastructure

Education

Economy

Politics

NOVEMBER (%)

n=2,115


28/80

Trends: Most covered topic -Televis

0.7

1

1.5

1.9

3.7

4.45

6.8

7.3

8.2

8.9

10

10.929.7

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Natural resources

Energy

Human rights

Corruption

Health

Agriculture

Security

Education

Infrastructure

EconomyPolitics

NOVEMBER (%)

n=1,155

0.4

2.1

2.1

2.4

2.4

2.44.6

6.5

7.2

8.7

10.2

10.2

11.4

Foreign affairs

Land

Other

Corruption

Energy

Natural resources

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Health

Economy

Infrastructure

Politics

DECEMBER (%)

n=1,265


29/80

Trends: Most covered topic - Rad

0.5

0.7

1.5

1.7

1.7

2.95.0

5.7

6.1

6.7

7.1

7.8

7.9

Foreign policy

Other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Agriculture

Human rights

Infrastructure

Health

Education

Security

Economy

Politics

DECEMBER (%)

n=1,328

0.90.91.11.71.8

5.05.4

5.55.5

7.27.28.08.1

41.8

Foreign affairs

Land

Natural resources

Other

Energy

Human rightsAgriculture

Health

Corruption

Education

Security

Infrastructure

Economy

Politics

NOVEMBER (%)

n=1,990


30/80

ToneLargely neutral in December across newspaper, TV and radio.

Newspapers: Largely neutral since September. Negative tonbelow 20%. Positive tone: between 13% and 30% since Septe

TV: Largely neutral at 69.9% in December from 62.1% the pmonth. Positive stories declined during the same period.

Radio: Largely neutral. Stories with a positive tone declinedDecember from 32% in November. Negative stories increasedfrom 8%.

Tone of coverage by media type


31/80

Tone of coverage by media type

Newspaper Television Radio

17.7 20.1 24.3

66.7 69.963.5

15.6 10 12.2

Tone of coverage (%)

Positive Neutral Negative


32/80

Tone of coverage by newspaper

19.3 13.3 12.0 14.6

61.7

7.1 10.0

69.373.4 72.3

52.1

25.5

85.790.0

100.0

11.3 13.3 15.733.3

12.8

7.1

Tone of coverage (%) N=827, N1=621


T f i b


33/80

Tone of coverage in newspapers by can

14.4 21.4 12.5 15.725.9

11.1

0.0

59.7

71.4 87.564.9

66.788.9

100.0

25.9

7.1 0.0

19.47.4 0.0 0.0

Tone of coverage (%) N=827, N1=550, n=804


T f b t l i i t t


34/80

Tone of coverage by television stat


7.118.4 19.9

6.2

65.8

78.6

78.764.2 86.2

23.7

14.3

2.9

15.9

7.7 10.5

Tone of coverage (%) N=557, N1=432


T f i t l i i b d


35/80

Tone of coverage in television by cand

13.8 27.8 28.6 21.3 25.0 9.128.6

65.5

72.2 71.4

67.768.8

90.9

71.4

20.7

0.0 0.0

11.0

6.3 0.0 0.0

Tone of coverage (%) N=557, N1=377, n=537



36/80

Trends: Tone of coverage - Newspa

20.5

13.6

30.4

5858.2

56.4

21.4

28.2

13.20

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

September October November De




37/80

Trends: Tone of coverage - Televisi

27.9

20.1

62.169.9

10 100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

November December




38/80

Trends: Tone of coverage - Radio

32

24.3

60 63.5

812.2

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

November December




39/80

Reporting approach

Conventional reporting dominant.

Enterprise reporting increased for print media.

Conventional reporting registered small decline in TV. 76.6%December, 84.9% in November.


40/80

Reporting approach by media type

Newspaper Television Radio

69.876.6

86.8

10.48.0

6.811.3

9.0 4.68.5 6.41.8

Reporting approach (%)

Conventional Enterprise Interpretive Investigative


41/80

Reporting approach by newspaper

81.262.6 61.5

75.586.3

33.3

75.057.1

1.2

13.2 21.57.9

52.8 7.1

11.2 11.1 1.5 7.9 5.58.3

6.3

6.5 13.2 15.4 8.6 8.25.6

18.835.7

Reporting approach (%) N=827, N1=732

Conventional Interpretive Investigative Enterprise


42/80

Reporting approach by television


98.3

73.0 68.178.2

90.0

6.6 12.8

14.14.0

1.7

2.214.4

4.018.2 4.8 7.7 2.0

Reporting approach (%) N=557, N1=512



43/80

Trends: Reporting approach - Newsp

70.2

61.5

75.369.8

11.9 12.39.6 11.3

14.721.4

8.9 8.53.1 4.8 6.1

September October November December




44/80

Trends: Reporting approach - Televi

84.976.6

8.5 9.04.1 6.42.4

November December




45/80

Issues vs. personalities

An increase in issue-based reporting in December across all mtypes.

Newspapers: Coverage of issues on an upward trend sinceSeptember, only slightly dropping in November.

TV: Coverage of issues rose significantly from to 51.7% in Dfrom 39.9% in November.

Radio: Issue-based reporting increased slightly to 46.1% froin November.


46/80

Issues vs. personalities by media typ

Newspaper TV Radio

20.2 2437.8

40.2

5237.8

39.724

46.1

%

Issues vs. personalities by newspap


47/80

11.622.9 21.3

11.8

49.339.5

8.7

43.7

43.635.1

31.6

30.7

31.6

47.8

100.0

44.7 33.5 43.656.6

20.028.9

43.5

Issue Vs Personality (%) N=827, N1=822

Personality Issues Both


48/80

Issues vs. personalities by televisio


3.316.3

33.7

16.7

56.9

9.8

58.4

62.6

59.0

27.5

86.9

25.3

3.7

24.4 15.7

Issue Vs Personality (%) N=557, N1=555


49/80

Trends: Issues vs. personality - News

37.1

26.322.2

24.2

35.133

38.7 38.6

44.8

0

5

1015

20

25

30

35

40

4550

September October November D

Issues vs personalities (%)



50/80

Trends: Issues vs. personalities - T

17.3 24.5

39.9

51.742.8

23.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

November December

Issue Vs Personality (%)



51/80

Trends: Issues vs. personalities - Ra

25.2

16.1

40.546.1

34.337.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

November December

Issue Vs Personality (%)



52/80

Background and context

Most stories on elections in December provided background acontext.

Newspapers: Decline to 62.8% in December from 65.6% in and 70.6% in October.

TV: Decline to 59.8% in December from 67.6% in Novembe

Radio: Slight increase to 56.2% in December from 52.4% inNovember.


53/80

Background & context by media typ

TV Radio Newspaper

40.2 43.8 37

59.8 56.2 63

Background & context (%)


54/80

Trends: Background & context - News

32.3 29.434.4

67.7 70.6

65.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Background & context (%)

No Yes

Trends: Background & context - Telev


55/80

32.4

40.2

67.659.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

November December

Background (%)

No Yes


56/80

Trends: Background & context - Ra

47.643.8

52.456.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

November December

Background & context

No Yes


57/80

Interrogation of claims

In December, the media to a large extent did not interrogate cpromises of presidential candidates.

Newspapers: Increase in number of stories that interrogateand promises of candidates.

TV: Downward trend. 18.5% in December, 29.2% in Novemb

Radio: Most stories did not interrogate claims and promisespresidential candidates. An increase in stories with no interro76.2% in December, 70% in November.


58/80

Interrogation of claims by media typ

Newspaper TV Radio

61.882 76.2

38.218 23.8

(%)

No Yes

Interrogation of claims by newspap


59/80

New Vision Monitor The Observer Red Pepper Bukedde Etop Rupiny O

62.4

48.8

60.0

86.0

43.5

70.6

20.0

37.651.2

40.0

14.0

56.5

29.4

80.0

Interrogation of claims (%) N=827, N1=453

No Yes

Trends: Interrogation of claims - News


60/80

61.9 63.4 62.2

38.1

36.637.8

0.010.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0


Interrogation of claims (%)

No Yes

Trends: Interrogation of claims - Tele


61/80

70.8

81.5

29.2

18.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

November December


No Yes

Trends: Interrogation of claims - Ra


62/80

7076.2

30

23.8

0

1020

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

November December


No Yes


63/80

Sourcing (Number)

The majority of election stories in December had only single s

Newspapers: Use of multiple sources grew minimally. Declisingle sourced stories – 57.4% December, 62.1% in November

TV: Single sourced stories registered an upward trend. Ther

however, also an increase in use of multiple sources.

Radio: Single-sourced stories still dominant, but there was adrop: 77.4% December, 78.1% November.

Number of sources by media type


64/80

9.8

16.4

16.5

57.4

Three sources

Multiple sources

Two sources

Single source

Newspaper (%)

N=827, N1=685

8.0

10.0

23.2

58.8

Multiple sources

Three sources

Two sources

Single source

Television (%)

N=557, N1=522

Multiple sources

Three sources

Two sources

Single source

Rad

N=836,

#Trends: Number of sources - Newsp


65/80

54.759.3

62.1

57.4

22.2

15.618.5

16

7.8

12.3

7.4

15.212.8 12.1


Number of sources (%)

Single source Two sources Three sources Multiple sources

Trends: Number of sources - Televi


66/80

63.358.8

23.6 23.2

7.4 10.05.7

November December



Trends: Number of sources - Rad


67/80

78.1 77.4

14.3 14.84.7 5.42.8

November December




68/80

Sourcing (Gender)

Male sources remained dominant in December across all m

In terms of occupation of sources, presidential candidates, persons, parliamentary candidates, party officials and EC officthe top most quoted in election stories across all media.

Gender of sources by media type


69/80

Newspaper TV Radio

17.4 16 13

82.7 84 87

Sourcing by gender

Female Male

Gender of source by newspaper


70/80

19.2 13.1 18.2 14.821.3

29.2 33.3

80.8 86.9 81.8 85.278.8

70.8 66.7

100.0

Gender of sources (%) n=1,343

Female Male

Gender of sources by TV


71/80


26.512.8 16.5

2.419.0

73.587.2 83.5

97.681.0

Gender of sources (%) n=936

Female Male

Trends: Sourcing by gender - Newsp


72/80

84.3

82.2 84.1 8

15.717.8 15.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

6070

80

90

September October November De

Gender of sources (%)

Male Female

Trends: Sourcing by gender - Televi

d f (%)


73/80

12.6 16.0

87.4 84.0

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

November December


Female Male

Trends: Sourcing by gender - Rad


74/80

11.4 13.3

88.6 86.7

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

8090

100

November December


Female Male

Occupation of source by media typ

Ne spaper (%) Television (%) R


75/80

0.1

0.2

0.5

0.9

1.4

2.12.2

2.6

3.3

3.4

3.6

4.2

4.8

12.814.3

18.7

24.8

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

Donor

Election observer

Army

Business person

Judicial Official

Religious leaderExecutive

NGO/CSO official

Police Representative

Anonymous

Expert

Electoral Commission…

Candidates agent

Party officialParliamentary…

Ordinary person

Presidential candidate

Newspaper (%)

n=1,402

0.1

0.3

0.5

0.6

1.0

1.2

1.6

2.2

2.9

4.3

5.5

6.7

8.010.5

22.4

32.3

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0

Uganda…

Election observer

Army

Anonymous

Judicial Official

Executive

Religious leader

NGO/CSO official

Candidates agent

Police Representative

Expert

Electoral Commission…

Ordinary person

Party official

Parliamentary candidate

Presidential candidate

Television (%)

n=942

Dono

Election observe

Arm

Anonymou

Exper

Judicial Officia

Executiv

NGO/CSO officia

Religious leade

Candidates agen

Police Representativ

Ordinary perso

Party officia

Electoral Commissio

Presidential candidat

Parliamentary candidat

R

n

Observations & conclusions 1F t


76/80

Front page coverage

Continued dominance of three candidates: Yoweri Museveni, AMbabazi and Kizza Besigye.

Space and time allocation

Yoweri Museveni, Amama Mbabazi and Kizza Besigye have rececoverage than the rest of the presidential candidates since Septe

In September and October, Mbabazi had more space allocated newspapers, while in November and December, Museveni had mand time allocated to him in all three media.

Observations & conclusions 2T


77/80

Tone

Consistently neutral across all media types.

TV and radio stories registered an upward trend in neutral storNovember and December.

Reporting approach

Conventional reporting still dominant, but with a slowly declini

percentage, as other story formats like investigative, enterprise ainterpretive reporting increasing in percentage.

Observations & conclusions 3Sourcing


78/80

Sourcing

Single-sourced stories dominant, with a slight decline observed

Male sources remain the majority at more than 80% across all with a negligible increase in the number of female sources.

Background and context

Although the media has been providing background and contex

stories, there is a notable decline for TV and newspapers.

Observations & conclusions 4UBC television


79/80

UBC television

UBC continued to give inequitable time to presidential candidaNovember and December monitoring period.

78.9% of airtime on the public broadcaster in December was giincumbent, Yoweri Museveni. Remarkably, that figure was considin November (43.9%).

In comparison other TV stations monitors spread their airtime

In terms of gender of sources, the public broadcaster had the hpercentage of male sources in December.


80/80

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ACME December 2015 report on media coverage of 2016 general elections

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Transcript of ACME December 2015 report on media coverage of 2016 general elections