Acids and

Bases – Exam

Questions

2012 - Higher Select a substance from the list with a pH

less than 7 and one with a pH greater

than 7:

orange juice, rain water, toothpaste,

bread soda, vinegar, sour milk, milk of

magnesia, cola, washing soda.

2012 Ordinary When hydrochloric acid

(HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) react in a neutralisation reaction, a salt and one other substance are formed.

Name the salt formed.

Name the other substance formed.

Zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid,

HCl.

Bubbles of gas are given off.

Name the gas given off.

Give the test for this gas.

2011 - Higher

Describe how to measure the ph of lemon

juice

2011 - Ordinary Acids and bases are important in

everyday life.

A student used an acid-base indicator

(e.g. litmus) to investigate a number of

everyday substances to see if they were

acids or bases

If you used an indicator other than litmus give its name.

What is the colour of litmus (or your named indicator) in an acid?

What is the colour of litmus (or your named indicator) in a base?

Describe how you would test a sample of vinegar to show that it is an acid.

What word describes a substance that is neither an acid nor a base?

A student carried out a titration using

hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.

The hydrochloric acid reacted with the

sodium hydroxide to form salt and water.

Name the pieces of equipment A, B and C

shown in the diagram.

B C

A

Which piece of equipment A, B or C is

usually used to measure out the

hydrochloric acid during the titration?

How does the use of an indicator tell you

that enough hydrochloric acid has been

added to react with all the sodium

hydroxide?

Name the salt formed when the sodium

hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid.

2010 - Higher What is the pH scale?

How can pH be measured?

Look at the table and name a strong acid

and a weak alkali from it.

Substance Pure

water

Household

ammonia

Urine Gastric

juice

(stomach)

Blood

Ph 7 12 6 1.4 7.4

2010 - Ordinary Choose an example of a household acid

and a household base from the list on the

right.

Water

Vinegar

Baking Soda

When hydrochloric acid and

sodium hydroxide are mixed

they react to neutralise each

other. A salt and water are

formed in the reaction.

Name the salt formed in this

reaction.

Name the piece of equipment

drawn on the right that is used

in the experiment to make this

salt.

Zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid,

HCl. Bubbles of gas are given off.

Name the gas given off.

Give the test for this gas.

You are given a bottle of vinegar as

shown in the diagram.

Describe, with the aid of a labelled

diagram, how you would measure the pH

of the vinegar.

2009 - Higher

What is item A used for in the

titration of an acid with a

base?

What happens when an acid

reacts with a base?

2009 - Ordinary The diagram shows the apparatus set up

by a student to investigate the pH of three

different liquids A, B and C.

A few drops of universal indicator were

added to each liquid in a test tube.

Yellow ⇒ pH = 4

• Which test tube, A, B or C, contained distilled

water?

• Which test tube, A, B or C, contained an acid?

A B C

Green ⇒ pH = 7

Blue ⇒ pH = 13

2008 - Higher Classify the substances shown as acidic,

basic or neutral.

7 pure water

2 lemon juice

4 soda water

10 toothpaste

12 lime water

2008 - Ordinary Choose an example of a household acid

and a household base from the list on the

right.

Water

Vinegar

Oven Cleaner

The diagram shows a piece of

magnesium being burned in air.

Magnesium oxide is formed.

When magnesium oxide is tested with

moist red litmus indicator it changes

colour to blue.

What does this tell us about magnesium

oxide?

When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to neutralise each other, a salt and water are formed. Some of the pieces of equipment used in this experiment are shown in the diagram.

Name the piece of equipment labelled A.

Name the salt formed when sodium hydroxide is neutralised by hydrochloric acid.

Which piece of equipment A or B is usually used to measure the hydrochloric acid during this experiment?

How can you tell by using an indicator that enough hydrochloric acid has been added to neutralise the sodium hydroxide?

B A C

2007 - Higher Give the formula of a common base.

Alkalis are water-soluble bases. Name a

substance, which is alkaline.

Describe how to investigate the pH of

everyday substances e.g. antacid

(indigestion powder), lemon juice, oven

cleaner, vinegar etc.

Name an everyday substance with a pH

of less than 7.

2007 - Ordinary Describe, with the help of a labelled

diagram, how you could investigate

simple household substances to see if they

were acidic, basic or neutral.

2006 - Higher The pieces of laboratory equipment shown, together

with some other items, were used to prepare a sample of sodium chloride.

Name item A or item B

There were 25 cm3 volume of base used in this experiment. Describe how the piece of equipment A was used to measure the volume of acid required to neutralise this amount of base.

Name a suitable acid and name a suitable base for the preparation of sodium chloride by this method.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction between the acid and the base that you have named.

A

B

Acid

Base

2006 - Ordinary When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to

neutralise each other, a salt and water are formed. Some of

the pieces of equipment used in this experiment are shown in

the diagram.

Name the piece of equipment labelled A.

Name the salt formed when sodium hydroxide is neutralised by hydrochloric acid?

Which piece of equipment A or B is usually used to measure the hydrochloric acid during this experiment?

How can you tell by using an indicator that enough

hydrochloric acid has been added to neutralise the sodium

hydroxide?

A B