Acids and Bases Equations

The Arrhenius theory explains why adding base to an acid makes the acid less acidic and vice versa.

H+(produced from acid) + OH-(produced from base) H2O

This is called neutralization.

Arrhenius Theory

The neutralization of an acid with a base will always produce water and a salt.

Examples Acid Base Water Salt

HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl

HBr + KOH H2O + KBr

Salts

What exactly is a salt? Any ionic compound! Formed during acids and bases reactions

Not all salts taste salty NaCl is table salt and tastes salty Pb(C2H3O2)2 tastes sweet and will give you lead

poisoning

Using the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, we can see how a salt is formed even when OH- ions are not present.

Acid Base Salt

HCl + NaHCO3 H2CO3 + NaCl

Bronsted-Lowry Theory

Key Points

You can recognize an acid base reaction by: Recognizing H+ and OH- ions in the reactants Recognizing an H+ ion act as a proton donor A salt (ionic compound) will always form

Neutralization: When a base is added to an acid and vice versa The pH will move closer to neutral (pH of 7) Water is always formed A salt is always formed