Acid reactions

Metals and acid reaction

• Example Magnesium Metal (Mg) reacts with Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce Hydrogen Gas and Magnesium Chloride Salt

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen gas + Magnesium Chloride + Heat

General word equation for Metal and Acid reactions

Metal + Acid Salt + Hydrogen Gas

The reaction explained

• HCl is dissolved to make hydrogen ions and chloride ions

• The hydrogen ions take electrons from the magnesium metal

• The hydrogen ions then bond to become hydrogen gas

• The magnesium ions and two chloride ions bond to make magnesium chloride

Acid and Metal carbonate reactions

• We had a flask which contained hydrochloric acid. To this we added calcium carbonate.

Word equation

Calcium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid Calcium chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide

Metal Carbonate + Acid Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

The lime water testLime water is a solution of Calcium hydroxide. When it is mixed with Carbon dioxide it produces water and Calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate is a white solid which does not dissolve in water. As a result the lime water test makes a milky solution when carbon dioxide is present.

Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide Calcium carbonate + Water