ACCIDENTS AND SAFETY

INTRODUCTION

Accidents are miss happenings which result in loss of life and property. In our

day-to-day life accidents are very common. Accidents can be reduced but

cannot be eliminated. Accidents effect the individual and his family life.

INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

Accidents occurring in the industries are called industrial accidents. These are

generally due to faulty equipment and machinery or negligence on the part of the

workers. Proper precautions can reduce the accidents. Accidents also in industries

due to faults of the workers.

CLASSIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS

1) According to length of recovery from injury.

2) According to cause of events.

3) According to nature of events.

4) According to damage caused.

5) According to nature of injury.

CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

Accidents do not just happens but there are always some causes. The various causes are defined:-

1.Physical causes based upon unsafe conditions of work.

2.Physiological causes based upon defects of physical body of the worker.

3.Psychological causes based upon mental disturbances of the worker.

cont…

PHYSICAL CAUSES

These are linked with the machinery and surroundings . These causes are beyond the control of the worker. The conditions are likely to cause accidents.

Physical Causes are:-Unguarded and unfenced moving machine

parts.Unbalanced, noisy and improper adjusted

machine parts.

cont…

Space between the machines is less. old and worn out machines Improper insulation of electric circuits

and machinery. unlubricated moving parts get heated. Improper plant layout Dull or damaged tools Tools without handles Poisonous and toxic materials Breakable materials Bad discipline Defective buildings and projected

objects.

PHYSIOLOGICAL CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

Weak eyesight Poor listening power Weak health Any part of the body may be defective Fatness and high blood pressure Fatigue and exertion of work Older employees

PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

His habit of ignoring the things that is carelessness

Frustration, worry or depression Emotional unequilibrium due to

mental tension Improper coordination between

body and mental faculties Nervousness and impulsiveness.

EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTS

Effect on the victims and their Family members1.Physical suffering of the injured2.Spending the rest of his life with reduced

ability and earnings.3.Accidents produces the psychological effects

upon the injured.4.It reflects upon the future life of the

dependents of the employees.

cont…

Effect on costs and employer1.Medical expenses to be paid to the victim.2.Compensation of injury on the basis of

disablement.3.Fines which may be imposed upon the

industry for neglecting safety measures.4.Loss of damaged materials and machinery

involved in the accidents.

cont…

Effect of colleagues and society1.Sometimes colleagues get demoralised on

seeing the severity of accidents.2.Funds are to be collected for helping the

victim.3.Materials loss of the society and nation.4.Prices are increased due to reduction in

production.5.Family members of the injured may

become socially-boycotted.

ACCIDENT PRONE WORKER

The worker who involves himself in more number of accidents than the average worker is called accident prone worker.

There are two causes of accidents. First cause is the situational factor and the

second cause is personal factors due to which a person is a victim of an accident. Different persons have different accidents

rates under similar working conditions.

SAFETY

Safety is opposite to accidents. If accidents are harmful, safety is beneficial. Man’s greatest desire is security. He wants

longer life. Safety is beneficial in all respects. Safety has become an essential

feature of all walks of life.

SAFETY CONSCIOUSNESS

Display of safety posters and boards to remind the workers about safety.

Workers should be educated to use safety devices.

Organizing safety competition and awarding prizes to the winners.

Give due respect and recognition to safe workers.

Welcome all safety suggestion. Cross mark and identify all accidents

areas.

NECESSITY OF SAFETY

Production is increased It reduces the cost of production Reduces damage to equipment and

machines Prevents premature death of trained

workers Prevent needless sufferings to the

employees

SAFETY PROCEDURE

Designing and formulating of safety devices.

procedure and methods of work on the dangerous machines should be changed.

Safety devices should be reliable. Safety devices should not be easily

detachable. Making the workers safety conscious. To train them to use safety devices. Reducing the fatigue and exertion of the

worker.

SAFETY MEASURES

Machine Guarding Personal protective Equipment Protection Against Radiation Hazards Noise Control Fatigue Elimination Proper Lighting Controlled Atmospheric Contaminants

SAFETY PROGRAMME

These programmer try to discover the causes of accidents and aim at

reducing the accidents. This is a continuous process for enhancing

safety. These try to minimize the bad effect of accidents. Training about the safety devices is given to the

workers.

SAFETY COMMITTEES

The participation of employees in the safety programmes is very important. The formation of safety committees makes the workers to resume responsibility. Workers, supervisors from different sections should

be selected to be members of the committees. Safety programme should be conducted to train the worker in handling and approaching emergency conditions.

SAFETY PUBLICITY

Safety publicity is a general programme to bring to the minds of

the people, the meaning of safety. The people should realise the necessity of safety. Safety publicity is the function

of the state and the particular industry.

cont…

State and Govt. takes the following steps:-

Road sign boards having the safety quotations are installed.

Advertisements regarding safety in the newspaper, magazines and other journals.

Safety programmes or radio and television.

cont…

Steps taken by Industry :-

Safety posters are installed on the walls of the industry.

Even accident prone situation should be well marked as cautions for the safety of the workers.

Safety programme should be conducted to educate the worker and make them safety conscious.

Safety contest may be held occasionally.

SAFETY SLOGANS

Make safety a habit. Drive slowly for your own children. Where cautions ends accidents begin. Better late than never. Accidents do not happen they are caused

to happen. Do not overtake. Beware of electricity. It cannot be seen. Safety first, speed afterwards. Drive carefully, and reach home safely. Safety saves.

THANK YOUTHANK YOU