ACCELERATOR R&D ACTIVITIES IN IHEP, CASeval.esss.lu.se/DocDB/0003/000315/001/Accelerator R... ·...
Transcript of ACCELERATOR R&D ACTIVITIES IN IHEP, CASeval.esss.lu.se/DocDB/0003/000315/001/Accelerator R... ·...
ACCELERATOR R&D ACTIVITIES
IN IHEP, CAS
Yunlong Chi
Accelerator Center, IHEP, CAS
NOV.22, 2013
Outline
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IHEP
BEPC (Beijing e- & e+ Collider) & BEPCII
CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source)
ADS (Accelerator Driven Subcritical System)
FUTURE ACCELERATOR
Institute of High Energy Physics
(IHEP) Institute of Modern Physics: established at 1950
Institute of High Energy Physics: independent Institute for Particle
physics at 1973
Comprehensive and largest fundamental research center in China
1250 employees, 2/3 of them are physicists and engineers,
450 PhD Students and post-doctors
Goal of IHEP: multiple discipline research center based on large
scientific facilities.
IHEP Major research fields
Particle physics:
Charm physics @ BEPCII LHC exp. Yangbajing cosmic ray observatory particle astrophysics
n physics: Daya Bay reactor n exp.
Accelerator technology and applications
High Lumi. e+e- collider: BEPCII High power proton accelerator
Radiation technologies
Synchrotron radiation source and applications Spallation neutron source and application
IHEP Large scientific facilities
Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCII / BSRF)
The Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment
Cosmic ray physics and high energy astrophysics lab
China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS)
Accelerator Driven Subcritical system (ADS)
Beijing Advance Light Source (under R&D)
IHEP Organization Chart
Mission of Accelerator Center
One of the key divisions
in IHEP.
Develop accelerator
physics and technology.
Main force on large
scientific facility
construction since
BEPC.
Supporter of the future
projects in IHEP.
Outline
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IHEP
BEPC (Beijing e- & e+ Collider) & BEPCII
CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source)
ADS (Accelerator Driven Subcritical System)
FUTURE ACCELERATOR
BEPC & BEPCII
Beijing Electron Positron Collider :
Constructed: 1984-1988 BESI: run from 1989-1998 BESII: run from 1999-2004
Upgraded (BEPCII ):
2004-2008 BESIII: run from 2008
BEPCII LINAC (e- an e+)
(1984 construct, BEPCII 2004 upgrade) LINAC Design Measured
Energy (e+ / e-) ( GeV ) 1.89 / 2.3 1.89 / 2.5
Current ( e+ ) ( mA ) 37 61
Current ( e- ) ( mA ) 500 > 500
Emittance(e+)( 1 σ, mm-mrad) 0.40 (37 mA) 0.39~0.41 (40~46
mA)
Emittance (e-) ( 1 σ, mm-mrad) 0.10 (500 mA) 0.09~0.11 (600 mA)
Pulse Repe. Rate (Hz) 50 50
Energy Spread ( e- ) (%) ± 0.50 (500
mA) ± 0.44 (600 mA)
Energy Spread ( e+ ) (%) ± 0.50 (37 mA) ± 0.50 (≥37 mA)
Positron Source Design Measured
e- Beam spot radius(mm) 2.5 1.0 – 1.5
e- Beam energy (MeV) 240 210
Flux pulse magnetic field(T)
@ 12 kA pulse current 4.5 – 0.5 5.3 – 0.5
Flux pulse magnetic field(T)
@ operation current 10.2 kA 4.5 – 0.48
Solenoid magnetic field (T)
@ 350 A driving current 0.5 T 7 m 0.5 T 7 m
Solenoid magnetic field (T)
@ operation current 320 A 0.48 T 7 m
e+ current @ solenoid exit (mA) 88 100
e+ energy @ solenoid exit (MeV) 80 - 100 100
e+ yield @ solenoid exit(e- /e+(GeV)) 4.3 7.6
BEPCII: High Luminosity Double Ring e- e+
Collider
Beam energy range 1–2.3 GeV
Optimized beam energy region 1.89GeV
Luminosity @ 1.89 GeV 110 33 cm-2s-1
Injection from linac Full energy injection: Einj=1.55-1.89GeV
Positron injection rate > 50 mA/min
Dedicated SR operation 250 mA @ 2.5 GeV
Design Goals:
charm energy region world best collider
Keep Collider and Light source operation
BEPCII: High Luminosity Double Ring e- e+
Collider
SC RF Cavity
12漫散射
XAFS
衍射
光电子能谱
4B9A
3B1A
3W1A
荧光分析
高压
LIGA
1W1B
生物大分子
生物大分子
1W2
1W1
4w14B9
4W
2
3B
1
4W1B
4W1A
4B9B
X-射线成像
BEPCII
小角散射
光刻
3W1软
X射线
中能束线
4B8
4B7
VUV
1W1A
1W2B
IV
III II
I
BEPCIIBEPCII光束线光束线和实验站和实验站
Double Ring Beam Line
BESIII
Cryogenic System of BEPCII
13 13
BEPCII
Storage Ring
Cryogenic Plant
500MHz SC Cavity
SC Magnet
Commissioning, and operation of BEPCII
0
2
4
6
8
1月
23日
2月
1日
2月
15日
3月
10日
3月
21日
5月
3日
12月
9日
12月
14日
12月
17日
12月
23日
12月
24日
1月
12日
4月
8日
Lu
min
osit
y (
×1
0 3
2c
m-2
s-1)
0
2 0 0
4 0 0
6 0 0
8 0 0
Be
am
cu
rren
t (mA
)
Luminosity e+ beam current
e- beam current
Outline
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IHEP
BEPC (Beijing e- & e+ Collider) & BEPCII
CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source)
ADS (Accelerator Driven Subcritical System)
FUTURE ACCELERATOR
The phase-I CSNS facility consists of an 80-MeV H- linac, a 1.6-GeV RCS,
beam transport lines, a target station, and 3 instruments.
Linac
Project Phase I II
Beam Power on target [kW] 100 500
Proton energy [GeV] 1.6 1.6
Average beam current [μA] 62.5 312.5
Pulse repetition rate [Hz] 25 25
Linac energy [MeV] 80 250
Linac type DTL +Spoke
Linac RF frequency [MHz] 324 324
Macropulse. ave current [mA] 15 40
Macropulse duty factor 1.0 1.7
RCS circumference [m] 228 228
RCS harmonic number 2 2
RCS Acceptance [mm-mrad] 540 540
Target Material Tungsten Tungsten
CSNS Design
LINAC & LRBT
Target RTBT
RCS
Experiment hall
Fast Neutron
Total long-term construction site area is
about 0.67km2.
0.27km2 has been occupied for phase-I
construction.
The remaining land is planned for future
expansion for new project.
Facility buildings, including Linac, RCS,
transport line, target, have a total area of
30,431m2. Auxiliary buildings, including
administration office, test halls, occupy a
total area of 36,258m2.
Civil Design
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.03. C
ivil
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tru
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.09. F
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.07. R
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.01. R
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T i
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tall
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.09. L
ina
c&
LR
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co
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iss
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.05. R
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co
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iss
ion
ing
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.08. B
ea
m o
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arg
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0-order CPM
Groundbreaking on 20 Oct. 2011
20
May 2009
Civil Construction
21
April 2013
Civil Construction
Linac Design
Ion Source RFQ DTL
Input Energy(MeV) 0.05 3.0
Output Energy(MeV) 0.05 3.0 80
Pulse Current (mA) 20/40 20/40 15/30
RF frequency (MHz) 324 324
Chop rate (%) 50 50
Duty factor (%) 1.3 1.05 1.05
Repetition rate (Hz) 25 25 25
2.5 MW
klystron ea.
H — IS RFQ
3 MeV
DTL
80 MeV
LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier Klys.
MEBT
Buncher1
LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier
Buncher2
LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier
Debuncher
LRBT
Klys. Klys. Klys. Klys.
RING
2.5 MW
klystron ea.
H — IS RFQ
3 MeV
DTL
MeV
LEBT
LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier Klys.
MEBT
350kW*2
Tetrode
Buncher1
LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier
Buncher2
LLRF
Solid State
Amplifier
Debuncher
LRBT
Klys. Klys.Klys. Klys.Klys. Klys.Klys.
RING
MOD MOD MOD MOD
LLRFLLRF Klys.Klys. MODLow Level RF Klystron Modulator
4616 4616
4616 4616 Tetrode
RF Amplifier HVPS
High Voltage
Power Supply
HVPS HVPS
EMQ option in FFDD lattice
Electrostatic chopper in LEBT
• H- ion source
A Penning source has been set up. It is
now under beam extraction test. The first
extracted H- beam reached 20 in May.
• LEBT with a chopper
Space charge neutralized LEBT with an
electrostatic deflector as a chopper at
the entrance of the RFQ. A prototype of
the chopper reaches a fast rise time less
than 17ns in a proton beam test.
Front-end
• RFQ
A four-vane type RFQ at 324 MHz
composed of two coupled resonators.
Four modules have been brazed for
assembly and field tuning.
• RF Power
Two sets of Burle 4616 Tetrode feed
530 kW total RF power to the RFQ. In
the power test, the source can reach
400 kW pulse power with pulse length
of 700μs at 25 Hz, better than
specification.
RF power couplers
Vacuum pumps
Front-end
• Tank and drift tube
The DTL linac is composed of 4
tanks with a total length of 35 m.
Each tank is about 9m long and
assembled with 3 technical
modules. EMQs in FFDD lattice
provide focusing in equipartioning
design.
• The first tank is under fabrication.
Tank is made of a carbon steel
tube with copper plated on the
inner surface. A feature of the DTL
is the use of OFC in all parts of
DTs. SAKAE coil is adopted for the
quadrupole.
DTL
• RF Power
RF power source for DTL is 324 MHz
klystron from CPI, with maximum
output power of 3 MW. Two sets of
400 Hz AC series resonance high
voltage power supply is under
manufacture.
• LLRF
A full digitalized LLRF system was
tested with amplitude and phase
variations in the cavity less than
±0.25% and ±0.35° with beam
loading, much better than the
requirements of ±1% in amplitude
and ±1° in phase. ±0.25 ,
<±1.00, required
±0.20%,
<±1.00%, required
DTL
RCS Design
Lattice of 4-fold symmetry, triplet.
227.92m circumference.
Four long straight sections for
injection, acceleration, collimation
and extraction.
24 main dipoles with one power
supply.
48 main quadrupoles with 5 power
supplies.
Ceramic vacuum chambers for the
AC & pulsed magnets.
8 RF ferrite loaded cavities to
provide 165 kV.
• RCS Main Dipole
Two prototypes were fabricated to
address the issue of laminate crack.
Based the successful experience we
started the mass production at IHEP
workshop.
• RCS Main Quadrupole
Overcome crack trouble of the coil
epoxy resin. Contracted with IHEP
workshop and the first one has been
manufactured. 72 hours test run has
been conducted without any crack.
Field measurement show a satisfactory
results.
RCS Hardware prototype
Power supply
White resonant circuit is chosen as the
power supply to provide AC+DC current
to the main magnets.
Power source and choke are now
under mass production.
To compensate for the field deformation
due to the magnet core nonlinearity,
harmonic injection technology is
successfully introduced into the power
supplies in the test of the prototype.
Ring RF
Ferrite loaded cavity’s resonant
frequency shifts from 1.02 MHz to 2.44
MHz in 20 ms by a bias current supply.
Cavity design is improved, under mass
production.
Control and
interlock module Anode DC
power supply
Electricity
switchboard
Heat
exchanger 8 sets of 500 kW transmitter
have been in mass production.
Power
supplies and
drive
amplifier
Tube amplifier
Bias supply
RF
Cavity
Ceramic Chamber
31
Mass production of the
ceramic chambers for RCS
main Q and D magnets has
started.
A curved magnetron
sputtering facility for TiN
coating has be set up at
IHEP and glow discharge
has been got in the first test
for the prototype dipole
ceramic chamber.
N2/Ar inlet
Left cathode(7.5)
Right cathode(7.5)
The stripping foil facility has been
manufactured with 20 carbon foils on a
rotating frame.
One of the two injection pulsed bump power
supplies of 9,000A made in R&D phase can
be directly used.
8 kicker magnets have been put into mass
production and the first one will be accepted
in August. Their power supplies are now
under fabrication and the first one is
scheduled in Sept. 2013.
RCS Injection & Extraction
Outline
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IHEP
BEPC (Beijing e- & e+ Collider) & BEPCII
CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source)
ADS (Accelerator Driven Subcritical System)
FUTURE ACCELERATOR
China ADS Road Map
Phase I:
key tech. R&D
Acc. & target & reactor
prototype
(~10 MWt, ~2023)
Phase II:
Exp. Facility (~100 MWt, ~2030)
Phase III:
Demo Facility
(~1000 MWt, ~2037)
ADS Proton Beam Requirement
Particle Proton
Energy 1.5 GeV
Current 10 mA
Beam power 15 MW
Frequency 162.5/325/650 MHz
Duty factor 100 %
Beam Loss <1 (0.3) W/m
Beam trips/year
<25000
<2500
<25
1s<t<10s
10s<t<5m
t>5m
Layout of the ADS Proton Linac
The proton accelerator is being built by IHEP and IMP together.
This project has begun from early 2011, supported by
“Strategic Priority Research Program” by CAS。
Design of Injector I
Frequency (MHz) 325
ECR Source Voltage (keV) 35
RFQ Energy (MeV) 3.2
Injector I Energy (MeV) 10
Number of Spoke012 Cavity 14
Number of solenoid 14
Number of cold BPM 14
Number of CM 1+1
8%/ 5%/5%
Design of Injector II ECR LEBT RFQ 4-5m MEBT SC-segment HWR C.M.
2*Sole. 4-5parts . FDF-B-FDF-B
35keV 2.1MeV 2.1-10MeV
=0.087 =0.067 g~0.09
Frequency(MHz) 162.5
ECR Voltage(KeV) 35
RFQ Energy(MeV) 2.1
Injector II Energy (MeV) 10
Number of HWR010 Cavity 12
Number of solenoid 12
Number of cold BPM 10
Number of CM 1+1
Design of Main Linac
Cavity type β Frequency Vmax
(MV)
Emax
(MV/m)
Bmax
(mT)
Number of
Cavity
S-spoke 0.21 325 1.64 31.14 65 36
S-spoke 0.40 325 2.86 32.06 65 56
5-cell Ellip. 0.63 650 10.26 37.72 65 36
5-cell Ellip. 0.82 650 15.63 35.80 65 95
Lattice structures for the main linac sections RMS beam envelope along the main linac
IS and LEBT Parameters Required Status
Ion type proton
Energy (KeV) 35 35
Peak Current (mA) 10 (RFQ) ~35
Discharge Power (kW) < 2 < 0.9
Microwave Frequency (GHz) 2.45 2.45
Operated Mode CW CW or Pulsed
α 2.4
β(cm/rad) 7.7
ε (nRMS) (π.mm.mrad) 0.2 ~0.2
CH3为DCCT测试CW引出束流信号
35keV@19mA
CH4 Beamstop测试引出束流信号35keV@15mA
LEBT传输效率约79%
RFQ for injector I and II
Frequency 162.5 325 MHz
Injection energy 35 35 keV
Output energy 2.1 3.2 MeV
Beam current 10 10 mA
Beam duty factor 100 100 %
Beam transmission 99.6 98.7 %
Inter-vane voltage V 65 55 kV Average bore radius r0 5.731 2.775 mm Vane tip curvature 4.298 2.775 mm
Maximum surface field 15.7791 28.88 MV/m
Input norm. rms emittance (x,y,z) 0.3/0.3/0 0.2/0.2/0 πmm.mrad
Output norm. rms emittance (x/y/z) 0.31/0.31/0.92 0.2/0.2/0.50 πmm.mrad/keV-ns Vane length 419.2 467.75 cm Accelerator length 420.8 469.95 cm
Superconducting Cavities
Parameters Cavities Units
HWR010 S012 S021 S040 E063 E082
Frequency 162.5 325 325 325 650 650 MHz
Epeak/Eacc 5.90 4.54 3.88 3.30 2.60 2.12
Bpeak/Eacc 12.1 6.37 8.13 8.34 4.73 4.05 mT/(MV/m)
R/Q 153 142 206 244 304 514 Ω
G 28.4 61.0 87.0 104 193 235 Ω
Q0 4.0 E+08
Vertical test result of Spoke012
Q0=5.8x108@6MV/m, 4K; Q0=3.4x108@7MV/m, 4K.
Vertical test results of HWR010
Cavity type Frequency (MHz) Power (kW) Qext Connecting type
RFQ 162.5
325 80,CW,TW ~5670 WR2300
HWR 162.5 15,CW,TW ~7.0E5 Coaxial waveguide,
YX50-105-1
Spoke 325 10~20, CW,TW ~7.0E5 Coaxial waveguide,
,50
Elliptical 650
High Power Input Coupler
Frequency(MHz) Output Power(kW)
CW Klystron RFQ I 325 600 1 80kV,18A PSM
CW Tetrode RFQ II 162.5 200 4
CW SSA
Spoke 325 10 / 20 / 40
HWR 162.5
Elliptical 650
LLRF Digital LLRF (mTCA)
RF Source
ADS Injector Beam Test Schedule
Injector I Injector II
2013.11 ECR & LEBT Commissioning Cryogenics ready
2014.01 RFQ Conditioning
2014.02 ECR+LEBT+RFQ Conditioning
2014.03 ECR+LEBT+RFQ Beam Commissioning
2014.05 Cryogenics ready 5 MeV Beam Commissioning
2014.10 1st Cryomodule Horizontal Test
2014.12 5 MeV Beam Commissioning
2015.03 2nd Cryomodule Horizontal Test
2015.05 10 MeV Beam Commissioning
Outline
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IHEP
BEPC (Beijing e- & e+ Collider) & BEPCII
CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source)
ADS (Accelerator Driven Subcritical System)
FUTURE ACCELERATOR R&D
BAPS(Beijing Advanced Photon Source)
ILC
CEPC+SppC
MOMENT
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A 5-GeV light source,
with very small
Emittance;
and the possibility to
have ERL and X-FEL
in the future.
Beijing Advanced Photon Source
Parameters Unit Value
Elentron beam energy GeV 5
Circumference m 1296
Current mA 200~300
Horizontal emmittance nm·rad 0.46(0.1/0.01)
Electron beam length ps/mm ~ 8.0/2.4
Photon energy(Ec) keV 10.65(main bend)
83.1(5T SC Wig.)
Peak luminosity Photons/s/mm2
/mrad2/0.1%BW 大于1021
• Some key accelerator technologies and accelerator
physics need R&D, including
Accelerator physics study
High-precision quadrupoles and sextupoles
Pulsed sextupole for injection
SC wiggler and low temperature undulator
Some beam diagnostics components
Mechanics and girder
Stability study including mock-up tunnel
RF power source and 5-cell cavity
Beijing Advanced Photon Source
51
DC- and 5 MeV injector (2 x 2-cell CW SC cavity)
RF Gun and 20 MeV injector for the FEL
ERL ring
L-band CW SC Linac: (2 x 7-cell CW SC cavity) ;
2 TBA arcs , 2 straight sections ;
ERL -THz beam lines (from CSR or Oscillator).
Compact TF-- 35 MeV-10 mA
ERL Test Facility is being proposed
500kV Photocathode DC-Gun development
at IHEP
GaAs photocathode
preparation system
500kV HVPS
Titanium gun body
and ceramic insulator
Drive laser
Beam diagnostics
Beam dump Parameter Value
HV 350 ~ 500 kV
Cathode GaAs:Cs
QE 5-7%(initial),1%
Life Time 20 h
Driven laser 2.3W,530nm
Repetition rate 100MHz, 1.3GHz*
Nor. emittance (1~2)mm.mrad ,(77pC)
(0.1~0.2)mm.mrad,(7.7pC)
Bunch length 20ps
Beam current (5~10) mA
•Two operation modes:
1). 100MHz-7.7mA-77pC,
2)1300MHz-10mA-7.7pC.
The Gun’s preliminary design is ready and its funding is approved by
IHEP, the main purpose:
To develop a prototype of DC-Gun for ERL
To develop a test bench for advanced beam diagnostics
Key SC Accelerator Technologies for ILC
1.3GHz 9-cell cavity (IHEP-01)
IHEP first Large-grain low-loss shape, 20MV/m
Input coupler
12 m Cryomodule for Euro-XFEL PXFEL1 in FLASH; 58 ordered for XFEL
Long-term projects oriented research -
CEPC+SppC
• A circular e+/e- collider as Higgs Factory has been studying at IHEP.
If it can be built in 10 years from now, it will put China as one of the
key players in high-energy physics. The machine can be converted
into a proton-proton collider for tens TeV high-energy frontier.
ee+ Higgs Factory
pp collider
CEPC:240 – 250GeV
SppC:50 – 90 TeV
Long-term projects oriented research -
MOMENT
After neutrino experiments at Daya Bay and JUNO which both
are based on reactor neutrinos, a longer term project based on
accelerator neutrinos is also under study at IHEP.
MOMENT (MuOn-decay Medium baseline NeUTrino beam
facility) is a dedicated machine to measure leptonic CP violation.
Summary
• The Accelerator Center is developed along with the
development of accelerator physics and technology, for
both high energy physics and user application.
• Operation, construction large scientific facilities are the
main tasks of the Accelerator Center.
• There are many common interest in developing high
power accelerator between IHEP and ESS.
• Look forward more fruitful collaboration with ESS.
Thanks for
your attention!
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