Acceleration and kinematic equations
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Transcript of Acceleration and kinematic equations
![Page 1: Acceleration and kinematic equations](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082309/546ebe7eaf79599a798b6132/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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The rate of change
of velocity
at a given time
interval
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PositivePositive acceleration acceleration
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ConstantConstant acceleration acceleration
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Negative Negative accelerationacceleration
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Problems:1. The velocity of a car increases from 2.0 m/s at 1.0 second to 16 m/s at 4.5 seconds. What is the car’s average acceleration?
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2. Michael is driving his sports car at 30 m/s when he sees a dog on the road ahead. He slams on the brakes and comes to a stop in 3.0 seconds. What was the acceleration of Michael’s car?
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3. A race car’s velocity increases from 4.0 m/s to 36m/s over a 4.0 s period. What is its average acceleration?
4. A bus is moving at 25m/s. The driver steps on the brakes, and the bus stops in 3.0 seconds. What is the average acceleration of the bus?
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The three basic equations in description of motion in one dimension with constant acceleration are
1. v=d/t 3. a = vf – vi
t
2. v = vf+vi
2
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Sample problems:
1. A train accelerates from 30 kph to 45 kph in 15.0 s.
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Find it’s a. acceleration b. distance (m) it traveled during this time.
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2. Albert is riding his scooter at a velocity of 80 kph when he sees an old woman crossing the road 45 m away.
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He immediately steps hard on the brakes to get the maximum deceleration of 7.5 m/s2. How far will he go before stopping. Will he hit the old woman?
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3. A driver traveling at 20 kph tries to stop the car and finds that the brakes have failed.
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The emergency brake is then pulled and the car comes to a stop in 120 m. Find the car’s deceleration in m/s2?
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4. A bicycle accelerates from rest at 0.016 m/s2.
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How long did it take the bicycle to acquire a speed of 36 kph? Express your answer in minutes.
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5. A car has an initial velocity of 40 m/s. It stops over a distance of 120m when the
brakes
are
applied.
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How long does it take for the car to stop? What is the car’s deceleration?
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6. A bus traveling 50 m/s is increasing its speed at the rate of 4m/s2.
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a.Find the distance covered in 6 s.
b. if its speed is decreasing at the rate of 4 m/s2, find the distance covered in 6 s and the time it takes to come to rest.
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7. A car has an acceleration of 1 m/s2 .What is the change in its velocity after every 3 seconds?
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8. A car is running at a speed of 80 m/s.It is the decelerated at the rate of 10m/s.When will it stop?
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9. When a car is running with a velocity of 50 m/s, it is given a constant acceleration of 5m/s2? Find the displacement of the car 2 s later?
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10. A driver decelerates his car from a velocity of 60 kph and brings it to a stop in exactly 5 s.Find the deceleration.
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11. A car running at a speed of 72 kph is to be stopped in exactly 10 s.Find the uniform deceleration needed.