Accelerating the improvement of plantain and matooke
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Transcript of Accelerating the improvement of plantain and matooke
Accelerating the improvement of plantain
and matookeRony Swennen
RTB Annual Review and Planning Meeting
29 September 2014
Objectives of research
1. Breed high yielding plantain/matooke with good consumer acceptability
2. Accelerate the development of improved hybrids
Plantain and Matooke
● Xxxxxxxx● xxxxxxx
Matooke (3x), 660K-1 (4x), Calcutta (2x), TMB2x 8075-7 (2x), 12468.S6 (3x)
3x 4x 2x
4x 2x 3x
Musa breeding scheme
3x landrace X 2x improved/wild
4x hybrids X 2x improved
3x secondary triploids
Diploid breeding
Narita hybrids: bunch variation
NARITA 1
NARITA 5
NARITA 7
NARITA 19
3x 4x 3x
Hybrid distribution and testing
NARITA testing● Rwanda- Burundi : NARS evaluation
● Uganda-Tanzania: G x E, mother and baby trials
PITA testing• Rwanda – Burundi – Comoros – Ghana – DR Congo
– Ivory Coast: NARS evaluation
PITA and NARITA
International Transit Centre, Bioversity International
Yield of the cooking banana hybrids originating from Enzirabahima
Hybrids
use Yield (kg ha-1)
NARITA 22 Cooking 34340.2
NARITA 8 Juice 33506.7
NARITA 14 Cooking 33456.7
NARITA 4 Cooking 32173.1
NARITA 9 Juice 28205.6
NARITA 15 Cooking 23671.4
NARITA 10 Juice 23071.3
NARITA 1 Cooking 22671.2
NARITA 3 Juice 19603.9
NARITA 16 Juice 9735.3
NARITA 5 Cooking 8468.4ENZIRABAHIMA† Cooking 11555.0
Yield of the beer banana hybrids originating from Entukura
Hybrids
use
Yield (kg ha-1)
NARITA 2 Food
15636.5
NARITA 20 Food
13802.8
NARITA 17 Food
12152.4
ENTUKURA†
7498.5
Objectives of research
1. Breed high yielding plantain/matooke with good consumer acceptability
2. Accelerate the development of improved hybrids
Time to deliver
Year activity
0 Installation of a collection
1 selection of parents and multiplication of selected parents
2-3 crosses and seed germination
4-5 F1 selection, cloning and evaluation
6-7 multiplication and crosses
8-9 F2 selection, cloning and evaluation
10-13 multilocational testing
14-16 on farm testing
17 large scale distribution
How to go faster?
1. Embryo rescue
2. Molecular marker development and use
3. Gene discovery (for drought)
4. Genomic selection for east African Highland bananas
5. Triploid production
1. Embryo rescue
2. Molecular markers
Diploid crosses are made for segregation populations for:
Parthenocarpy
Fruit length
Bunch orientation
Plant size
Nematode resistance
Black Sigatoka resistance
……
3. Gene discovery (for drought)
3. Gene discovery (for drought)
Proteomics and transciptomics
sequenced AA and BB genome
3. Gene discovery (for drought)
• 21 genes identified
• 21 gene families
• automatic annotation of the predicted genes of the banana reference genome was often erroneous
• more than 90 genes needed structural revision of the coding sequence
3. Gene discovery (for drought)
Functional genomics
Genetic engineering• Higher expression• Silencing
Phenotypic analysis
Control pIMHKUL3 pIMHKUL4
Functional genomics
4. Genomic selection
● Banana breeding is slow
● Need to develop a prediction tool to select hybrids based
1) on genetic information
2) not on phenotypic information: takes too long, and G x E effect
4. Genomic selection
A training population needs to be analysed, to calibrate markers effects
299 out of 320 plants already genotyped by GBS at Cornell
Two phenotyping fields established under different E
A validation population analysed to estimate the prediction value
Before applying it on a test population
5. Triploid production
3x landrace X 2x improved/wild
4x hybrids X 2x improved/wild
3x secondary triploids
Linkage to outcomes and flagship project
● BA 5: Improved banana varieties
Improved banana hybrids, adapted to
farmers’, consumers’ and market’s needs
Banana plant and fruit
ideotypes defined
Documented genetic resources
for utilization in breeding
Tools for improved selection efficiency
Improved breeding methods
Improved evaluation and
selection methods: high throughput
phenotyping methods improved
for key traits
Guidelines for registration, release and
dissimination of improved hybrids
Contributors organized by topic
Brigitte Uwimana, Delphine Amah Jassmine Zorilla, Sebastien Carpentier, Nicolas Roux, Mathieu Rouard, Alberto Cenci, Ismail RabbiDang Vi Tuong, Windelinckx Saskia, Henry M Isabelle, De Coninck Barbara, Cammue P Bruno, Remy Serge, Jerome Kubiriba, Tendo Ssali, Alex Barekye, Robooni TumuhimbiseMoses Niyne, Jaroslav Dolezel, Eva HribovaMichael Abberton, Badara Gueye, Emmanuel Njukwe Inge Van den Bergh
Contributors organized by topic