Academic Policies Updated December 2011

8/4/2019 Academic Policies Updated December 2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-policies-updated-december-2011 1/75

Uodnknl{ fmc Uwoklc|wl{

Afmcgoob

Uodnk~ [sfslilms

Sal Uodnknl{ fmc Uwoklc|wl{ Afmcgoob komsfnm{ uodnknl{ fmc uwoklc|wl{ panka afxl gllm fcouslc g~ salhfk|ds~ fmc fcinmn{swfsnom oh [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml how sal lhhlksnxl fcinmn{swfsnom oh sal[kaood oh Ilcnknml- Fdd {s|clms{ fmc hfk|ds~ fwl wlv|nwlc so gl hfindnfw pnsa fmc `oxlwm salnw komc|ks g~ sal{luodnknl{ fmc wl`|dfsnom{- Sal hfk|ds~ fmc fcinmn{swfsnom wl{lwxl{ sal wn`as so filmc sal uodnknl{ fmc wl`|dfsnom{komsfnmlc nm sal Uodnknl{ fmc Uwoklc|wl{ Afmcgoob-

Wlxn{lc J|ml 7566

[fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~[kaood oh Ilcnknml6357 [o|sa @wfmc Gdxc-[s- Do|n{$ IO 8;653



Komslms{

Fkfclink fmc Uwohl{{nomfd [sfmcfwc{ [sfslilms < Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks 8

Fssfkailms F: Lqfiudl{ oh \mfkklusfgdl Glafxnow{ 65 [sfmcfwc{ oh Komc|ks nm sal Slfkalw)Dlfwmlw Wldfsnom{anu 6; Slkamnkfd [sfmcfwc{ 6< [s|clms{ pnsa Cn{fgndnsnl{ Wlv|l{snm` [ulknfd Fkkoiiocfsnom{ 68

Fssfkailms G: Fkklusfgdl cok|ilmsfsnom 61 Fkfclink Wlv|nwlilms{ fmc Wl`|dfsnom{ 75

[s|clms Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{ Wlxnlp Uwokl{{ 75 Nmkdlilms Plfsalw 76 ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 Wlv|nwlilms{ 77 Nclmsnhnkfsnom 77 Ldlksnxl Wlv|nwlilms{ !lhhlksnxl fkfclink ~lfw 7565)7566. 77 Dlsslw{ oh Nmclimns~ how ^lfw 6 fmc 7 [s|clms{ 77 ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 Fsslmcfmkl 77 Uwo`wfi Lxfd|fsnom 7; Iocnhnkfsnom oh Wlv|nwlilms{ 7;

^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Wlv|nwlilms{ 7; Nclmsnhnkfsnom 7; Lqswfi|wfd Ko|w{l Powb 73 ^lfw ; [kalc|dl Kafm`l{ 73 ^lfw 3 [kalc|dl Kafm`l{ 73 Fhhndnfsnom F`wllilms{ how Lqslwm{anu{ 73 [s|clms Fg{lmkl{ hwoi ̂ lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Fksnxnsnl{ 7<

^lfw 3 Ko|w{l Wlv|nwlilms{ 78 Xn{nsnm` Ilcnkfd [s|clms{ 70 Uwo`wfi Lxfd|fsnom 7> [s|clms C|s~ Ao|w{ 7> Iocnhnkfsnom oh Wlv|nwlilms{ ;5

Lqfinmfsnom{ ;6 [kalc|dnm` ;6

Lqfi [kalc|dl ;6 In{{nm` f [kalc|dlc Lqfi ;6 In{{nm` f ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 MGIL [|gjlks Lqfi{ ;6 Wl)lqfinmfsnom{ ;6

\mnslc [sfsl{ Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom{ !\[IDL. ;7 @wfcl [~{sli ;<

@wfcl{ ;<



Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc Nmkoiudlsl Ulwhowifmkl Dlxld{ nm sal Kowl Kdlwb{anu{ ;1 @wfcl Fuulfd{ ;1 @|ncldnml{ how Hfk|ds~ Wl`fwcnm` sal @wfcnm` [~{sli ;1 @wfcl Wluows{ ;>

Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ 35 Oxlwxnlp 35 [s|clms{ pnsa Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ 35

[s|clms Cn{in{{fd 35 [s|clms Fuulfd 35

Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ nm Uaf{l{ 6 fmc 7 36 Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i Ousnom 36 Wlilcnfsnom how ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 37

Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 3; I|dsnudl Hfnd|wl{ om MGIL [|gjlks Lqfi{ C|wnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 3; Wlilcnfsnom how ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 3; Iocnhnkfsnom oh ^lfw 3 Wlv|nwlilms{ C|l so [slu 6 Hfnd|wl 33 Wl{swnksnom oh Lqswfi|wfd Ldlksnxl{ C|l so Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ 33 Wl{swnksnom oh Nmslwmfsnomfd Ldlksnxl{ 33 Uwoklc|wl{ Wl`fwcnm` Hfnd|wl fmc Wlsfbl oh \[IDL [slu 6 ow [slu 7 3<

[s|clms [lwxnkl{ 38 Fkfclink Fcxn{lilms [~{sli !FF[. 38 Fkfclink Uwogdli{ 31 Mom)Fkfclink Uwogdli{ 3>

[s|clms Wlkowc{ <5 Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{ <5 Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` <5 Fcin{{nom{ Ohhnkl <5

[s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` <7 [LKSNOM N: Uodnknl{$ Uwnmknudl{$ fmc Uwoklc|wl{ <7

F- Uodnknl{/Uwnmknudl{: <7 Hnmfmknfd Fnc Uwoklc|wl{ Komklwmnm`… <8

Pnsacwfpfd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml <8 Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl <8 Lqslmclc Uwo`wfi{ <0 Wlulfs Ko|w{lpowb <1 @lmlwfd <1 IC/UaC Uwo`wfi <> IC/IGF Uwo`wfi 85 Uodnk~ [sfslilms Wl`fwcnm` Hnmfmknfd Wl{o|wkl{ how Nmslwmfsnomfd [s|clms{ 86 G- Uwoklc|wl{ how Clslwinmnm` Mllc 87



K- Fuudnkfsnom how Fnc 8; C- Fuulfd{: 8;

[LKSNOM NN: Aop Hnmfmknfd Fnc H|mcnm` Clkn{nom{ fwl ifcl fs o|w [kaood 83 [LKSNOM NNN: F [|iifw~ oh —Pafs ^o| Co–Pafs Pl Co’ 8<

Osalw Niuowsfms [s|clms Nmhowifsnom 80 [s|clms Komsfks Nmhowifsnom 80 Fcxfmklc [sfmcnm` 80 Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl 80

[D\[OI Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl !DOF.: Nm{sw|ksnom{ how [s|clms{ 81 S~ul{ oh DOF 81 Uwoklc|wl{ how Wlv|l{snm` f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl 8>

Ulw{omfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms.: 8> Ilcnkfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms$ sal {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm$ sal K[UUU$ ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: 8> Fcinmn{swfsnxl !nmnsnfslc g~ sal K[UUU ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: 05 [s|clms{)) Glhowl gl`nmmnm` f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl 06

Uwoklc|wl{ how Wls|wmnm` hwoi f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl 06 Fkfclink !{s|clms nmnsnfslc.: 06 Ulw{omfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms.: 07 Ilcnkfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms$ sal {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm$ sal K[UUU$ ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: 07 Fcinmn{swfsnxl !nmnsnfslc g~ sal K[UUU ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: 0; [s|clms{))Glhowl wls|wmnm` hwoi ~o|w Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl 03

Swfm{hlw{ hwoi [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ 0< Aodncf~{



Fkfclink fmc Uwohl{{nomfd [sfmcfwc{ [sfslilms

G~ xnws|l oh fkklusfmkl how fcin{{nom so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml$ lxlw~ {s|clms n{ cllilc so gl h|dd~ kfufgdl oh

illsnm` sal fkfclink wlv|nwlilms{ dlfcnm` so komhlwwfd oh sal I-C- cl`wll fmc so afxl sal v|fdnhnkfsnom{ ohkafwfkslw fmc nmsl`wns~ lqulkslc oh f ua~{nknfm- Ns n{ |mclw{sooc$ aoplxlw$ safs {s|clms{ fwl {|gjlks so sal[kaood{ cn{knudnmfw~ f|saowns~- F {s|clms if~ gl {|{ulmclc ow cn{in{{lc fs fm~ snil om `wo|mc{$ palsalwfkfclink ow momfkfclink$ panka sal fcinmn{swfsnom fmc hfk|ds~ oh sal [kaood kom{nclw {|hhnknlmsd~ `wfxl- Howlqfiudl$ ml`dn`lmkl nm illsnm` kdnmnkfd wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ ow `wo{{ nwwl`|dfwns~ oh komc|ks if~ gl `wo|mc{ how f{s|clms{ {|{ulm{nom ow wlv|nwlc pnsacwfpfd hwoi sal [kaood- Komc|ks o|s{ncl sal niilcnfsl fkfclinklmxnwomilms if~ gl {|gjlks so cn{knudnmfw~ fksnom$ l{ulknfdd~ nh {|ka komc|ks nmcnkfsl{ ulw{omfd swfns{ ow afgns{|mpowsa~ oh f ua~{nknfm$ n{ j|c`lc so gl f cfm`lw so sal u|gdnk$ ow ko|dc wlhdlks fcxlw{ld~ om sal \mnxlw{ns~-Pandl lmwoddlc fs sal [kaood$ ns n{ lqulkslc safs {s|clms{ pndd ifbl {fsn{hfksow~ uwo`wl{{ sopfwc koiudlsnom ohsal I-C- cl`wll fmc komc|ks sali{ldxl{ nm f ifmmlw panka cliom{swfsl{ sal fgndns~ so ills sal Slkamnkfd fmcUwohl{{nomfd [sfmcfwc{ oh sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi-

Nm owclw how f {s|clms so gl uwoioslc ow `wfc|fslc$ sal hfk|ds~ oh sal {kaood i|{s gl {fsn{hnlc safs sal hoddopnm`

wlv|nwlilms{ afxl gllm ils: {fsn{hfksow~ koiudlsnom oh sal uwl{kwnglc k|wwnk|d|i$ kdlfwfmkl oh fddnmclgslcml{{ so sal \mnxlw{ns~$ fmc ogsfnmnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl om [slu 6 fmc [slu 7 oh sal \mnslc [sfsl{Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom !\[IDL.- Palm sal hfk|ds~ fmc Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml howifdd~ fhhnwisal {s|clms{ {fsn{hfksow~ koiudlsnom oh fdd `wfc|fsnom wlv|nwlilms{$ sal \mnxlw{ns~ pndd komhlw sal cl`wll ohCoksow oh Ilcnknml-



Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks

N - Uwlfigdl

[fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml$ f{ ufws oh ns{ in{{nom oh lc|kfsnom$ pndd f{{n{s {s|clms{ so glkoil

koiulslms ua~{nknfm{ pao ifmnhl{s nm salnw dnxl{ lqliudfw~ lsankfd fmc uwohl{{nomfd fssns|cl{- Fiom` sal{lfssns|cl{ fwl:

wl{ulks how sal {fmksns~ oh a|ifm dnhl koiinsilms so koiulslmkl wl{ulks how sal cn`mns~ oh ufsnlms{ nm sal uwoxn{nom oh ilcnkfd kfwl clxosnom so {oknfd j|{snkl$ fmc so fccwl{{nm` nmlv|fdnsnl{ nm sal fxfndfgndns~ oh alfdsa kfwl ulw{omfd a|indns~ fmc fm fpfwlml{{ oh ilcnknml{ nmalwlms dninsfsnom{ fuuwlknfsnom oh sal wodl oh mom)ilcnkfd hfksow{ nm f ufsnlms{ {sfsl oh pldd)glnm` ow nddml{{ ifs|wns~ fmc gfdfmklc ulw{omfd fmc uwohl{{nomfd glafxnow-

[s|clms{ lmslwnm` sal IC uwo`wfi {ao|dc wlfdnzl sal niuowsfmkl oh san{ uwohl{{nomfd lsank fmc sal mlkl{{ns~ oh

f{{|inm` wl{uom{ngndns~ so clxldou$ wlxnlp$ fmc ifnmsfnm sal{l nclfd{ how sali{ldxl{$ salnw koddlf`|l{$ fmc howsal ilcnkfd uwohl{{nom- Sal h|mcfilmsfd uwnmknudl nmxodxlc n{ ulw{omfd wl{uom{ngndns~ how sal clxldouilms fmcifnmslmfmkl oh uwohl{{nomfd komc|ks gf{lc om sal lsank l{uo|{lc g~ sal ilcnkfd uwohl{{nom oh {ldh)lhhfknm`{lwxnkl so {oknls~- Clxldouilms oh f uwohl{{nomfd lsank i|{s gl`nm pnsa fcin{{nom so sal IC uwo`wfi$ fmc i|{skomsnm|l how f{ dom` f{ {s|clms{ oh ilcnknml dnxl fmc wluwl{lms sal ilcnkfd uwohl{{nom-

Sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks n{ ho|mclc om f dom` swfcnsnom lqslmcnm` fs dlf{s hwoi sal Anuuokwfsnk [kaood-San{ swfcnsnom fkbmopdlc`l{ sal |mnv|l uwnxndl`l{ fmc wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ oh sal ilcnkfd uwohl{{nom- Sal nmcnxnc|fdcluwnxlc oh ulwhlks alfdsa glkoil{ x|dmlwfgdl fmc clulmclms om sal bmopdlc`l lmsw|{slc so sal alfdnmùwohl{{nom{ pao afxl udlc`lc safs sal pldhfwl fmc f|somoi~ oh sal ufsnlms sfbl{ uwlklclmkl oxlw sal {ldh)nmslwl{s oh sal alfdlw- Sal Kocl {ulfb{ so sal wldfsnom{anu oh sal ua~{nknfm fmc ufsnlms$ f{ pldd f{ so salwldfsnom{anu oh sw|{s fmc wl{ulks fiom` {s|clms{$ hfk|ds~$ {sfhh$ fmc {oknls~ nm `lmlwfd-

Sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks lqslmc{ wlko`mnsnom oh sal {uom{ownm` nmhd|lmkl oh sal Kfsaodnk hfnsa fmc sal[oknls~ oh Jl{|{$ panka komklnxl{ oh sal ulw{om f{ f hwll fmc wl{uom{ngdl f`lms kfufgdl oh ifbnm` f cnhhlwlmklhow òoc ow ndd nm sal powdc- [s|clms{ oh ilcnknml i|{s clxldou f{ kwnsnkfdd~ wlhdlksnxl fmc {oknfdd~ wl{uom{ngdlulw{om{ kfufgdl oh lqlwkn{nm` dlfclw{anu nm fcxfmknm` sal kf|{l oh a|ifm òoc-

Sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks how {s|clms{ n{ mos nmslmclc so cnksfsl glafxnow- Ns col{$ aoplxlw$ l{sfgdn{ainmni|i lqulksfsnom{$ panka uwoxncl f cn{knudnmfw~ hwfilpowb how sao{l pao kaoo{l mos so fgncl g~ sal{luwohl{{nomfd {sfmcfwc{$ fmc ns {lwxl{ so wlinmc lxlw~oml safs f uwoklc|wfd hwfilpowb how lmhowknm` sal kocl n{nm udfkl-



N N - Sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks h ow [s|clms{

N pndd komc|ks i~{ldh {o safs f{ f {s|clms oh ilcnknml fmc iliglw oh sal uwohl{{nom oh ilcnknml$ N pndd gl fgdl souwoin{l sao{l how pao{l kfwl N fi lmsw|{slc$ koiulslmkl$ nmsl`wns~$ kfmcow$ ulw{omfd koiinsilms so salnw gl{snmslwl{s{$ koiuf{{nom$ fmc fg{od|sl cn{kwlsnom fmc komhnclmsnfdns~-

N {afdd co g~ i~ ufsnlms{ f{ N po|dc gl coml g~$ {afdd ogsfnm kom{|dsfsnom palm sal~ cl{nwl ow N gldnlxl salwl n{ fmllc$ {afdd nmkd|cl sali so sal lqslms uo{{ngdl nm fdd niuowsfms clkn{nom{$ fmc {afdd inmninzl {|hhlwnm` palm fk|wl n{ mos fssfnmfgdl$ wlko`mnznm` safs f cn`mnhnlc clfsa n{ fm niuowsfms òfd nm lxlw~oml{ dnhl-

N {afdd fkklus fdd ufsnlms{ nm f mom)j|cìlmsfd ifmmlw$ wl{ulksnm` sal h|dd a|ifm cn`mns~ oh lfka nmcnxnc|fdwl`fwcdl{{ oh salnw xfd|l {~{sli- N {afdd fs fdd snil{ fmc nm fdd udfkl{ komc|ks i~{ldh pnsa aomow fmc nmsl`wns~$ fmcN {afdd wl{ulks sal wnàs{ fmc cn`mns~ oh fdd nmcnxnc|fd{- N uwoin{l so fsslmc so i~ opm ua~{nkfd$ nmslddlks|fd$ ilmsfd$fmc {unwns|fd clxldouilms nm sal nmslwl{s oh gl{s {lwxnm` osalw{-

N N N - Lqulksfsnom{

Sal hoddopnm` {sfslilms{ fwl lqfiudl{ oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml{ inmni|i lqulksfsnom{ how {s|clms{-

F- Wl{ulks how fd d nmcnx nc|fd{ nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml'{ koi i|mns ~-

[s|clms{$ hfk|ds~$ fmc {sfhh wlko`mnzl sal wnàs oh fdd nmcnxnc|fd{ so gl swlfslc pnsa wl{ulks pnsao|s wl`fwc souo{nsnom$ wfkl$ f`l$ `lmclw$ afmcnkfu$ mfsnomfd own`nm$ wldn`nom$ ow {lq|fd ownlmsfsnom-

[lq|fd afwf{{ilms n{ uwoangnslc g~ Snsdl NX oh sal Knxnd Wnàs{ Fks oh 6>83 fmc g~ Snsdl NQ oh sal Lc|kfsnomFilmcilms{ oh 6>07- Sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml {afdd sfbl {slu{ wlf{omfgd~ mlkl{{fw~ so uwlxlms {lq|fdafwf{{ilms hwoi okk|wwnm`$ panka pndd nmkd|cl$ g|s n{ mos dninslc so: uwoxncnm` f uwokl{{ how hndnm` fmc afmcdnm`koiudfnms{2 lc|kfsnm` sal ilcnkfd {kaood koii|mns~2 fhhnwifsnxld~ wfn{nm` sal {|gjlks fmc lquwl{{nm` {swom`cn{fuuwoxfd salwloh2 clxldounm` fuuwouwnfsl {fmksnom{2 nmhowinm` hfk|ds~$ {sfhh$ fmc {s|clms{ oh salnw wnàs{ fmcclxldounm` ilsaoc{ so {lm{nsnzl fdd komklwmlc- !How koiudlsl uodnk~ fmc uwoklc|wl$ {ll [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~{`lmlwfd {s|clms w|dl{ fmc wl`|dfsnom{ u|gdn{alc nm sal [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [s|clms Afmcgoob-.

G- Fuuwouwnfsl afmcd nm` oh nmhowifs nom$ wlkowc{$ ow lqfinmfs nom ifs lwnfd{-

Fm~ howi oh kalfsnm` ow uwoxncnm` hfd{l nmhowifsnom n{ f xnodfsnom oh sal sw|{s udfklc nm ua~{nknfm{ fmc n{ f {lwno|{nmhwfksnom oh sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks-

K- Wl{ulks how ufsnlms { ' komhnclmsnfd n s ~ fmc {fhls~-

Ufsnlms{ uwnxfk~$ iocl{s~$ fmc komhnclmsnfdns~ i|{s fdpf~{ gl aomowlc- Ufsnlms{ i|{s gl swlfslc pnsa bnmcml{{$`lmsdlml{{$ cn`mns~$ liufsa~$ fmc koiuf{{nom- Ufsnlms{ {ao|dc mos gl u|gdnkd~ nclmsnhnlc pnsao|s fclv|fsl

j|{snhnkfsnom ow ulwin{{nom- Ufsnlms{ wlkowc{ i|{s gl fkk|wfsl fmc dl`ngdl-



C- Uwoulw cluowsi lms f{ f i lcnkfd uwohl{{nomfd-

Fuulfwfmkl$ {ullka$ fmc glafxnow {ao|dc gl fgoxl wluwofka c|wnm` ufsnlms kfwl fksnxnsnl{- Nclmsnhnkfsnomgfc`l{ n{{|lc g~ sal [kaood fmc g~ fhhndnfsl ao{unsfd{ {ao|dc gl kdlfwd~ cn{udf~lc- Cwl{{ {ao|dc gl fuuwouwnfslhow uwohl{{nomfd fksnxnsnl{$ fmc ulw{omfd a~`nlml {ao|dc gl lqliudfw~-

Uo{{l{{nom ow |{l oh {sni|dfms{$ cluwl{{fms{$ mfwkosnk{$ ow afdd|knmo`lmnk cw|`{ fmc osalw f`lms{ afxnmùoslmsnfd how fg|{l$ lqklus om f ua~{nknfm{ ow clmsn{s{ uwl{kwnusnom$ fwl howgncclm g~ ilcnkfd {kaood uodnk~ fmcdokfd$ {sfsl$ fmc hlclwfd dfp- [|ka komc|ks n{ uwoangnslc om [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~{ uwlin{l{ ow f{ ufws oh fm~|mnxlw{ns~ fksnxnsnl{- Sal {lddnm`$ gfwslwnm`$ lqkafm`nm`$ ow `nxnm` fpf~ oh {|ka cw|`{ so fm~ ulw{om n{ nddl`fd fmcuwoangnslc- [s|clms{ lm`f`lc nm sal |{l oh nddl`fd {|g{sfmkl{ pndd gl {|gjlks so fwwl{s g~ dfp lmhowklilmsf`lms{ fmc pndd {lwno|{d~ jloufwcnzl salnw {sfs|{ f{ {s|clms{ fs san{ {kaood- !How koiudlsl uodnk~ fmc uwoklc|wl${ll [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~{ `lmlwfd {s|clms w|dl{ fmc wl`|dfsnom{ u|gdn{alc nm sal [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~[s|clms Afmcgoob-.

L- Wl{ulks how dfp {$ uod nk nl{$ fmc wl`|dfs nom{-

[s|clms{ fwl lqulkslc so wlko`mnzl safs dfp{ fwl l{sfgdn{alc how sal glmlhns oh {oknls~ f{ f paodl- [ulknhnk

w|dl{$ uodnknl{$ fmc wl`|dfsnom{ afxl gllm l{sfgdn{alc how sal glmlhns oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml{ koii|mns~-Dfp{$ uodnknl{$ fmc wl`|dfsnom{ fwl mos so gl cn{wl`fwclc ow xnodfslc- [s|clms{ pao hlld safs sal uodnknl{$uwoklc|wl{$ ow wl`|dfsnom{ oh sal [kaood wlv|nwl iocnhnkfsnom fwl lmko|wf`lc so {|``l{s niuwoxlilms{ sofuuwouwnfsl fcinmn{swfsnxl$ hfk|ds~$ ow {s|clms ohhnkl{-

H- Wl{ulks how uwoulws~ fmc nm{sw|ks nomfd ifs lwnfd -

Fdd uwoulws~ fmc nm{sw|ksnomfd ifslwnfd i|{s gl wl{ulkslc-

NX- Kocl Xnodfs nom{

F xnodfsnom oh sal Kocl oh Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks okk|w{ palm fm~ {s|clms fks{ komswfw~ so sal xfd|l{ fmc

wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ lqulkslc oh sao{l lm`f`lc nm sal uwohl{{nom oh ilcnknml- Xnodfsnom{ fd{o okk|w palm fm~{s|clms jloufwcnzl{ sal pldhfwl oh f ufsnlms$ ow cn{wl`fwc{ sal wnàs{ ow cn`mns~ oh fmosalw nmcnxnc|fd$ ow fddop{ owf{{n{s{ fmosalw nm conm` {o- How lqfiudl$ {s|clms{ fwl {|gjlks so cn{knudnml |mclw sal Kocl nh sal~ afxlbmopdlc`l oh fm nmhwfksnom oh sal Kocl$ g|s hfnd so wluows ns so sal fuuwouwnfsl f|saowns~-

Fssfkailms F dn{s{ lqfiudl{ oh |mfkklusfgdl glafxnow |mclw lfka kfslòw~ oh lqulksfsnom{- Sal [kaood ohIlcnknml wl{lwxl{ sal wnàs so nmnsnfsl fksnom fmc niuo{l {fmksnom{ how fm~ komc|ks safs n{ mos {ulknhnkfdd~ dn{slc nmFssfkailms F$ g|s n{ clslwinmlc so gl f xnodfsnom oh sal Kocl$ wl`fwcdl{{ oh palsalw sal xnodfsnom okk|w{ om owohh sal uwlin{l{ oh sal [kaood-



X- Uwoklc|wl{ how Nmxl{s n`fsnm` Kocl Xnodfs nom{

Sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml af{ f wl{uom{ngndns~ so lm{|wl f uwohl{{nomfd kdnifsl fmc so uwoxncl lv|ns~ how fdd ufwsnl{nmxodxlc nm f gwlfka oh uwohl{{nomfd komc|ks- Salwlhowl$ sal [kaood af{ fcouslc uwoklc|wl{ so wl{uomc sonmhwfksnom{ oh sal Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Kocl- Nmcnxnc|fd{ wluowsnm` fm nmhwfksnom oh sal Kocl kfm hnw{s {ulfb pnsaohhlmclw{ fgo|s sal nmhwfksnom fmc wlinmc sali oh salnw uwohl{{nomfd komc|ks- Aoplxlw$ nh sal knwk|i{sfmkl{ co

mos fddop sal kdfnifms so fuuwofka sal ohhlmclw$ fmc sal kdfnifms gldnlxl{ sal fddl`lc nmhwfksnom wlv|nwl{ h|wsalwfksnom$ sal fddl`fsnom if~ gl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clms Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Ko|mknd$ fhslw kom{|dsfsnom pnsa omloh sal F{{oknfsl Clfm{ how [s|clms{-

F- [s|clms Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Ko|mkn d

Sal [s|clms Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Ko|mknd ![UKK. n{ liuoplwlc so nmxl{sn`fsl xnodfsnom{ oh sal Kocl ohUwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks fmc so niuo{l {fmksnom{ ow wlilcnfsnom-

Sal [UKK pndd kom{n{s oh f kafnwulw{om !mom {s|clms iliglw.$ spo {s|clms{ {ldlkslc g~ sal Clfm hwoi sal{lkomc fmc sanwc ~lfw kdf{{l{$ spo hfk|ds~ iliglw{$ fmc oml iliglw hwoi sal Clfm{ {sfhh- Fdd iliglw{ fwlfuuonmslc g~ sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml nmkd|cnm` wlfuuonmsilms{- [s|clms slwi{ gl`nm nm ^lfw 7 fmc

slwinmfsl fs sal lmc oh salnw sanwc fkfclink ~lfw- Hfk|ds~$ fcinmn{swfsnxl {sfhh$ fmc sal kafnwulw{om pndd {lwxl howho|w ~lfw{- Nm sal lxlms safs f {s|clms dlfxl{ sal Ko|mknd$ f sliuowfw~ xfkfmk~ {ao|dc gl hnddlc g~ sal Clfm- Nmfm lilw`lmk~ lxlms palwl sal cl{n`mfslc {s|clms iliglw{ kfmmos gl `fsalwlc fs f {ulknhnk snil$ saluo{nsnom!{. if~ gl hnddlc g~ sal fdslwmfsl{ mfilc g~ sal Clfm- Nm sal fg{lmkl oh sal kafnwulw{om$ illsnm`{ {afddgl kafnwlc g~ f xnkl kafnwulw{om fuuonmslc g~ sal Clfm fiom` mom {s|clms iliglw{- F xfkfms hfk|ds~ owfcinmn{swfsnxl uo{nsnom if~ gl hnddlc fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Nm sal lxlms fxfkfmk~ n{ omd~ sliuowfw~$ ns n{ |mclw{sooc safs sal iliglw fuuonmslc so sal [UKK {afdd gl go|mc g~ sal {filkafw`l{ oh komhnclmsnfdns~ f{ sal osalw iliglw{ oh [UKK- Nh f sliuowfw~ iliglw af{ gllm fuuonmslc$ san{iliglw pndd wlifnm om sal [UKK |msnd sal wlxnlp af{ gllm koiudlslc- Inm|sl{ pndd gl blus oh fdd cldnglwfsnom{$fmc fwl sal wl{uom{ngndns~ oh sal kafnwulw{om ow f iliglw cl{n`mfslc g~ sal kafnwulw{om-

G- Uwoklc|wl s o Nmxl{sn`fsl fm Nmhwfk snom g~ s al [s|clms Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Ko|mkn d

[s|clms{$ hfk|ds~$ ow {sfhh ifbnm` fm fddl`fsnom {ao|dc co {o so oml oh sal F{{oknfsl Clfm{ how [s|clms{$ paopndd ifbl lxlw~ lhhows so wl{odxl sal n{{|l!{. fs fm nmhowifd dlxld pnsanm slm powbnm` cf~{- Nh ns n{ clslwinmlc safssal n{{|l kfmmos gl wl{odxlc fs fm nmhowifd dlxld$ sal F{{oknfsl Clfm pndd komsfks sal kafnwulw{om oh sal Ko|mknd-

[ao|dc f koiudfnms {|``l{s f sawlfs so sal {fhls~ fmc pldhfwl oh ufsnlms{ ow osalw iliglw{ oh sal [kaood ohIlcnknml{ koii|mns~$ fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how [s|clms{$ sal fkk|{lc {s|clms if~ gl udfklcom fm nmslwni {|{ulm{nom hwoi fkfclink fksnxnsnl{ |msnd f h|dd nmxl{sn`fsnom n{ koiudlsl- [s|clms{ fkk|{lc ohxnodfsnm` dokfd$ {sfsl$ ow hlclwfd dfp{ if~ gl fwwl{slc fmc wlhlwwlc so dfp lmhowklilms f|saownsnl{ how fuuwouwnfslfksnom- Sal [kaood wl{lwxl{ sal wn`as so u|w{|l cn{knudnmfw~ fksnom u|w{|fms so sal Kocl$ wl`fwcdl{{ oh palwl salkomc|ks okk|wwlc$ fmc nmclulmclms oh fm~ knxnd ow kwninmfd uwokllcnm`{-



Nh f i|s|fdd~ f`wllfgdl {od|snom n{ mos wlfkalc glspllm sal koiudfnmfms fmc sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clmsFhhfnw{$ sal F{{oknfsl Clfm pndd f{b sal kafnwulw{om oh sal [UKK so uwokllc pnsa komxlmnm` f illsnm` pnsanmslm powbnm` cf~{-

Sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how [s|clms Fhhfnw{ pndd uwl{lms f pwnsslm wluows so sal [UKK nmkd|cnm` sal hoddopnm`:

f cl{kwnusnom oh sal koiudfnms pnsa ulwsnmlms cok|ilmsfsnom$ nh fm~2 kafmmld{ fdwlfc~ u|w{|lc so wl{odxl sal n{{|l!{.2 wl{|ds{ oh uwlxno|{ cn{k|{{nom/fksnom-

Sal [UKK pndd wlxnlp sal nmhowifsnom wlklnxlc fmc nmslwxnlp ulwsnmlms nmcnxnc|fd{$ nmkd|cnm` sal fkk|{lc{s|clms- [ao|dc sal {s|clms fkk|{lc oh f xnodfsnom hfnd so fuulfw$ sal [UKK pndd ifbl ns{ clkn{nom gf{lc om salnmhowifsnom uwl{lmslc-

[s|clms{ if~ afxl fm fcxn{ow uwl{lms so f{{n{s sali nm uwokllcnm`{ glhowl sal [UKK- Sal fcxn{ow{ufwsnknufsnom n{ dninslc so kom{|dsnm` pnsa sal {s|clms- [nmkl sal uwokllcnm`{ glhowl sal [UKK fwl mos dl`fduwokllcnm`{$ f {s|clms pndd mos gl fddoplc so afxl dl`fd ko|m{ld {lwxl f{ fm fcxn{ow |mdl{{ kwninmfd kafw`l{fwn{nm` o|s oh sal {fil komc|ks fwl k|wwlmsd~ ulmcnm`-

Fhslw fdd sl{sniom~ af{ gllm wlklnxlc$ sal [UKK pndd uwokllc nm uwnxfsl how sal u|wuo{l oh cldnglwfsnom-

Sal [UKK pndd komkd|cl safs f xnodfsnom oh sal Kocl af{ sfblm udfkl g~ f ifjowns~ xosl oh sal iliglw{ uwl{lms-Sal [UKK pndd kom{nclw fs dlf{s sal hoddopnm` ousnom{:

pwnsslm klm{|wl g~ sal [UKK ifnmsfnmlc nm f komhnclmsnfd hndl nm sal ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{{lufwfsl hwoi sal {s|clms{ ulwifmlms hndl2

wlkoiilmcfsnom oh wlv|nwlc wl{sns|snom fksnom2 udfklilms oh f dlsslw komklwmnm` sal nmknclms nm sal {s|clms{ ulwifmlms hndl2 {|{ulm{nom ow cn{in{{fd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Nh sal wlkoiilmcfsnom how cn{in{{fd n{ mos |mfmnio|{$ f inmowns~ wluows pndd fd{o gl {|ginsslc-

Sal wlkoiilmclc ko|w{l oh fksnom pndd gl koii|mnkfslc nm pwnsnm` so sal Clfm- Nh cn{in{{fd n{ wlkoiilmclchow sal {s|clms$ sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml Uodnk~ fmc Uwoklc|wl how {s|clms cn{in{{fd pndd fuud~- F {s|clms pao n{cn{in{{lc hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml if~ fuulfd safs clkn{nom so sal {kaood{ Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd- Fm~ osalwfuulfd pndd gl afmcdlc sawo|`a lqn{snm` uodnknl{-

F {s|clms{ hfnd|wl so koiud~ pnsa sal {fmksnom{ niuo{lc |mclw sal Kocl if~ wl{|ds nm h|wsalw cn{knudnmfw~ fksnomnmkd|cnm` cn{in{{fd-

Fssfkailms F: Lqfiudl{ oh \mfkklusfgdl Glafxnow{



F- Wl{ulks how fd d nmcnx nc|fd{ nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml„{ koii |mns~-

\mfkklusfgdl glafxnow nmkd|cl{ !g|s n{ mos dninslc so.:

lquwl{{nm` wfknfd$ {lq|fd$ {lqn{s$ ow wldn`no|{ {d|w{ koiinssnm` wfknfd ow {lq|fd afwf{{ilms |{nm` nmfuuwouwnfsl$ ohhlm{nxl ow sawlfslmnm` dfm`|f`l koiinssnm` ua~{nkfd fks{ oh xnodlmkl ow sawlfs{ oh xnodlmkl mos {ao|dclwnm` f hfnw {afwl oh sal lc|kfsnomfd slfi wl{uom{ngndns~ ifmnu|dfsnm` kdnmnkfd {kalc|dl{ how oml{ opm glmlhns kf|{nm` ow lmko|wf`nm` cn{w|usnom{ c|wnm` lc|kfsnomfd {l{{nom{ {aopnm` dfkb oh wl{ulks so slkamnknfm{$ osalw uwohl{{nomfd{$ fmc {|uuows {sfhh hfndnm` so koiud~ pnsa f wlf{omfgdl wlv|l{s ow nm{sw|ksnom hwoi hfk|ds~$ {sfhh$ ow fcinmn{swfsow{ |{nm` koiu|slw l)ifnd ow Nmslwmls nm f afwf{{nm` ow dngldo|{ ifmmlw

G- Fuuwouwnfsl afmcd nm` oh nmhowifs nom$ wlkowc{$ ow lqfinmfs nom ifs lwnfd{-


`nxnm` ow wlklnxnm` fm~ nmhowifsnom lqklus f{ fddoplc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow ow slfkanm` hfk|ds~c|wnm` sal ko|w{l oh fm lqfi

udf`nfwnznm`$ how`nm`$ ow hfd{nh~nm` fkfclink wlkowc{$ hnmfmknfd fnc nmhowifsnom$ ufsnlms wlkowc{$wl{lfwka$ ow {knlmsnhnk cfsf

sfiulwnm` pnsa lqfinmfsnom ifslwnfd$ ow cn{aoml{s~ nm kommlksnom pnsa fm lqfinmfsnom fg|{nm` koiu|slwnzlc nmhowifsnom ow slkamodo`~

K- Wl{ulks how ufsnlms { ' komhnclmsnfd n s ~ fmc {fhls~-


hfndnm` so f{b how f{{n{sfmkl hwoi fuuwouwnfsl hfk|ds~ ow {sfhh palm mllclc pwnsnm` ohhlm{nxl ow j|c`ilmsfd koiilms{ nm sal ufsnlms{ kafws {afwnm` ilcnkfd ow ulw{omfd clsfnd{ oh f ufsnlms pnsa fm~oml osalw safm alfdsa uwohl{{nomfd{

pao mllc so bmop how sal ufsnlms{ kfwl lm`f`nm` nm cn{k|{{nom fgo|s f ufsnlms nm u|gdnk fwlf{

C- Uwoulw cluowsi lms f{ f i lcnkfd uwohl{{nomfd-


nmc|knm` ow fddopnm` sal ufsnlms ow osalw{ so gldnlxl oml{ {sfs|{ f{ f {s|clms n{ osalw safm ns n{



lqangnsnm` ulw{omfd fuulfwfmkl safs `nxl{ sal niuwl{{nom oh |mkdlfmml{{ ow kfwldl{{ml{{ hfndnm` so ifnmsfnm uwohl{{nomfd koiuo{|wl c|wnm` {swl{{h|d knwk|i{sfmkl{ lm`f`nm` nm fm nmfuuwouwnfsl wldfsnom{anu pnsa ufsnlms{ ow salnw hfind~ iliglw{ |{nm` fdkoaod$ cw|`{$ ow osalw {|g{sfmkl{ nmfuuwouwnfsld~ ow lqkl{{nxld~$ ow nm f pf~ safs ko|dc

fhhlks sal v|fdns~ oh ufsnlms kfwl ow fkfclink ulwhowifmkl

L- Wl{ulks how dfp {$ uod nk nl{$ fmc wl`|dfs nom{-


cn{ogl~nm` hlclwfd$ {sfsl$ ow dokfd dfp{ fmc owcnmfmkl{ cn{wl`fwcnm` ow fksnm` komswfw~ so nm{sns|snomfd wl`|dfsnom{ fmc uodnknl{ wlh|{nm` so uwoxncl nmhowifsnom ow sl{snh~ nm Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Ko|mknd uwokllcnm`{ !{ll

[lksnom X-F-.

H- Wl{ulks how uwoulws~ fmc nm{sw|ks nomfd ifs lwnfd -


swlfsnm` kfcfxlw{ fmc goc~ ufws{ nm f cn{wl{ulksh|d ifmmlw swlfsnm` fmnifd{ |{lc how nm{sw|ksnom nm fm nm{lm{nsnxl ow cn{wl{ulksh|d ifmmlw clhfknm` ow cl{swo~nm` osalw nm{sw|ksnomfd ifslwnfd{$ nmkd|cnm` {ohspfwl clhfknm` ow cl{swo~nm` \mnxlw{ns~ ow ulw{omfd uwoulws~$ ow fm~ pwnsslm ifslwnfd osalw safm oml{

opm wlioxnm` nmhowifsnom$ ifnd$ ow uwoulws~ hwoi ifndgoql{ ow dokblw{ mos oml{ opm hfd{nh~nm` ow clhfknm` swfm{kwnus{$ lxfd|fsnom howi{$ ow osalw ohhnknfd cok|ilms{



[sfmcfwc{ oh Komc|ks nm sal Slfkalw)Dlfwmlw Wldfsnom{anu

F- Uwlfigdl

Sal IC Uwo`wfi n{ koiinsslc so sal an`al{s {sfmcfwc{ oh glafxnow komklwmnm` sal slfkalw) {s|clms

wldfsnom{anu- Oml niuowsfms ogjlksnxl n{ so uwoxncl iliglw{ oh sal \mnxlw{ns~ koii|mns~ fm lmxnwomilms palwlslfkanm` fmc dlfwmnm` sfbl{ udfkl nm f kdnifsl oh i|s|fd wl{ulks- San{ uodnk~ fccwl{{l{ sal glafxnow wlv|nwlchwoi fdd slfkalw{$ panka nmkd|cl{ hfk|ds~ iliglw{$ wl{nclms{$ {sfhh$ ow {s|clms{ nm f slfkanm` wodl-

G- [sfmcfwc{

Ilcnkfd {s|clms in{swlfsilms nm sal ko|w{l oh sal slfkalw)dlfwmlw wldfsnom{anu pndd mos gl sodlwfslc- Lqfiudl{ ohglafxnow{ ow {ns|fsnom{ safs po|dc gl |mfkklusfgdl nmkd|cl:

[lq|fd afwf{{ilms !{ll uodnk~ om {lq|fd afwf{{ilms how clsfnd{.- \mpldkoil ua~{nkfd komsfks$ nmkd|cnm` fm~ ua~{nkfd in{swlfsilms {|ka f{ anssnm`$ {dfuunm`$ ow

bnkbnm`$ ow sawlfs{ oh sal {fil mfs|wl-

Xlwgfd fg|{l- Nmfuuwouwnfsl ow |muwohl{{nomfd kwnsnkn{i nmslmclc so gldnssdl$ ligfwwf{{$ ow a|indnfsl f {s|clms- Wlv|nwnm` f {s|clms so ulwhowi ilmnfd sf{b{ pnsa sal nmslms so a|indnfsl sal {s|clms- \mwlf{omfgdl wlv|l{s{ how f {s|clms so ulwhowi ulw{omfd {lwxnkl{-

Pandl kwnsnkn{i if~ gl fuuwouwnfsl nm klwsfnm knwk|i{sfmkl{ pnsanm sal slfkanm`)dlfwmnm` uwokl{{$ ns {ao|dc glafmcdlc nm {|ka f pf~ f{ so uwoiosl dlfwmnm`$ fxoncnm` u|wuo{lh|d {s|clms a|indnfsnom-

K- Uwoklc|wl so fccwl{{ fm nmhwfks nom oh sal [sfmcfwc{-

[s|clms{ pao gldnlxl safs f xnodfsnom oh san{ uodnk~ af{ sfblm udfkl i|{s wluows sal nmknclms so fm Oig|c{ifm-Sal Oig|c{ifm n{ fm nmcnxnc|fd fuuonmslc g~ sal Clfm so fks niufwsnfdd~ palmlxlw f koiudfnms n{ gwo|`as g~ f

{s|clms- Mowifdd~$ san{ po|dc gl oml oh sal Clfm{ how [s|clms{-

Sal Oig|c{ifm pndd gl wl{uom{ngdl how f wlxnlp oh sal kafw`l fmc how ogsfnmnm` fdd {|uuowsnm` hfks{$ nmkd|cnm`nmslwxnlpnm` sal fkk|{lc- Nh sal wlxnlp kdlfwd~ nmcnkfsl{ safs sal koiudfnms dfkb{ ilwns$ sal kafw`l pndd glcn{in{{lc-

6- Nh sal hfks{ nmcnkfsl safs f uo{{ngdl nmhwfksnom so sal [sfmcfwc{ af{ sfblm udfkl$ sal Oig|c{ifm pndd uwokllcf{ hoddop{:

nh sal fkk|{lc n{ f hfk|ds~ iliglw$ sal Oig|c{ifm pndd wluows sal ifsslw so sal Clfm fmc sosal kafnwulw{om oh sal Clufwsilms$



nh sal fkk|{lc n{ f wl{nclms ow hlddop$ sal ifsslw pndd gl wluowslc so sal Clfm$ so sal fuuwouwnfslF{{oknfsl Clfm$ fmc so sal kafnwulw{om oh sal clufwsilms$

nh sal fkk|{lc n{ f {s|clms nm f slfkanm` wodl$ sal ifsslw pndd gl wluowslc so sal fuuwouwnfslF{{oknfsl Clfm$

nm fdd osalw nm{sfmkl{$ sal Oig|c{ifm pndd wluows sal ifsslw so sal F{{oknfsl Clfm howK|wwnk|d|i$ pao pndd komsfks ulwsnmlms nmcnxnc|fd{ so kom{nclw h|wsalw fksnom$ fmc

nm fdd nm{sfmkl{ sal Oig|c{ifm pndd {lmc f kou~ oh sal wluows so sal fkk|{lc-

7- Sal wluows hwoi sal Oig|c{ifm pndd nmkd|cl fs dlf{s sal hoddopnm`:

f cl{kwnusnom oh sal koiudfnms$ pnsa ulwsnmlms cok|ilmsfsnom kafmmld{ fdwlfc~ u|w{|lc sowl{odxl sal n{{|l!{. wl{|ds{ oh sal nmxl{sn`fsnom-

Sal Clfm pndd lqfinml sal hfks{ oh sal kf{l fmc n{{|l f clkn{nom nm f snild~ ifmmlw- Fdslwmfsnxld~$ glhowln{{|nm` f clkn{nom$ sal Clfm if~ kaoo{l so kwlfsl fm fc aok fcxn{ow~ koiinssll kom{n{snm` oh iliglw{{ldlkslc hwoi hfk|ds~ fmc {s|clms{ mos nmxodxlc nm sal kf{l |mclw cn{k|{{nom so wlxnlp sal {ns|fsnom- Salclkn{nom pndd gl koii|mnkfslc nm pwnsnm` so sal slfkalw$ so sal Oig|c{ifm$ fmc so sal kafnwulw{om oh salClufwsilms$ nh sal slfkalw n{ f ilcnkfd {kaood liudo~ll$ wl{nclms$ ow hlddop- Nm sal kf{l oh f hfk|ds~ iliglw$wl{nclms$ ow hlddop$ nh sal Clfm hlld{ kowwlksnxl ko|m{ldnm` n{ fuuwouwnfsl sal Clfm pndd cnwlks sal fuuwouwnfsl

kafnwulw{om so uwoxncl ns fmc so cok|ilms aop san{ pf{ uwoxnclc- How hfk|ds~ iliglw{$ nh sal Clfm hlld{cn{knudnmfw~ fksnom n{ pfwwfmslc$ sal Clfm pndd uwokllc fkkowcnm` so sal uwoxn{nom{ oh sal \mnxlw{ns~ Hfk|ds~Ifm|fd fmc sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml Hfk|ds~ G~) dfp{- How {s|clms{$ sal ifsslw pndd gl clfds fkkowcnm` so saluwoxn{nom{ oh sal [s|clms Uwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks Kocl-

Nm owclw so uwoi|d`fsl sal{l {sfmcfwc{ oh komc|ks nm sal Slfkalw)Dlfwmlw wldfsnom{anu san{ cok|ilms pndd gluo{slc om sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml„{ plg {nsl-

Lqkd|{nom{: Sal{l uwoklc|wl{ co mos fuud~ so fm~ ifsslw{ how panka salwl n{ fm l{sfgdn{alc \mnxlw{ns~ ow [kaooduodnk~ ow uwoklc|wl safs fuudnl{ {|ka f{ `wfcl fuulfd{$ fkfclink cn{in{{fd fuulfd{$ ow fddl`fsnom{ ohcn{kwninmfsnom nmkd|cnm` {lq|fd f{{f|ds fmc {lq|fd afwf{{ilms- [s|clms{ {ao|dc kom{|ds sal fuuwouwnfsl{lksnom{ oh sal uwl{lms cok|ilms how {ulknhnk uodnknl{ safs clfd pnsa `wfcl fmc cn{in{{fd fuulfd{- F koiudfnms ow`wnlxfmkl komklwmnm` cn{kwninmfsnom$ {lq|fd f{{f|ds ow {lq|fd afwf{{ilms {ao|dc gl gwo|`as so sal fsslmsnom ohsal \mnxlw{ns~{ Cnwlksow oh Cnxlw{ns~ fmc Fhhnwifsnxl Fksnom pao pndd hoddop l{sfgdn{alc \mnxlw{ns~ uodnknl{ fmcuwoklc|wl{ clfdnm` pnsa {|ka fddl`fsnom{-



Slkamnkfd [sfmcfwc{

[fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml n{ koiinsslc so h|dd koiudnfmkl pnsa sal Wlafgndnsfsnom Fks oh 6>0;![lksnom <53. fmc sal Filwnkfm{ pnsa Cn{fgndnsnl{ Fks oh 6>>5- V|fdnhnlc fuudnkfms{ so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknmli|{s gl fgdl so koiudlsl fdd wlv|nwlilms{ dlfcnm` so sal I-C- cl`wll- Glkf|{l sal I-C- cl`wll {n`mnhnl{ safs

sal aodclw n{ f ua~{nknfm uwlufwlc how lmsw~ nmso sal uwfksnkl oh ilcnknml pnsanm f `wfc|fsl swfnmnm` uwo`wfi$ salwlknunlms i|{s afxl sal bmopdlc`l fmc {bndd{ so h|mksnom nm f gwofc xfwnls~ oh kdnmnkfd {ns|fsnom{ fmc so wlmclw fpncl {ulksw|i oh ufsnlms kfwl f{ wlv|nwlc g~ sal k|wwnk|d|i- O|w in{{nom {sfslilms$ òfd{$ fmc ogjlksnxl{ fwl{|uuowslc g~ sal 6>0> wlkoiilmcfsnom{ oh sal F{{oknfsnom oh Filwnkfm Ilcnkfd Koddl`l{ [ulknfd Fcxn{ow~Ufmld om Slkamnkfd [sfmcfwc{ how Ilcnkfd [kaood Fcin{{nom safs {sfsl$ nm ufws$ safs 'Sal I-C- cl`wll n{$ fmci|{s wlifnm$ f gwofc$ |mcnhhlwlmsnfslc cl`wll fssl{snm` so sal fkv|n{nsnom oh `lmlwfd bmopdlc`l nm fdd hnldc{ ohilcnknml fmc sal gf{nk {bndd{ wlv|n{nsl how sal uwfksnkl oh ilcnknml-'

Sal hoddopnm` slkamnkfd {sfmcfwc{ if~ gl fuudnlc so sal {ldlksnom oh ilcnkfd {s|clms{$ so fkkluslc {s|clms{$fmc so ilcnkfd {s|clms{ lmwoddlc nm sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi- Nm fccnsnom so uwoxlm fkfclink fgndns~ fmc osalwwldlxfms ulw{omfd kafwfkslwn{snk{$ [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml lqulks{ ns{ {s|clms{ so uo{{l{{ fmcgl fgdl so cliom{swfsl sal {bndd{$ fsswng|sl{$ fmc v|fdnsnl{ dn{slc gldop$ pnsao|s |mc|l clulmclmkl omslkamodo`~ ow nmslwilcnfwnl{ so f cl`wll safs koiuwoin{l{ nmclulmclms j|cìlms- Sal |{l oh f swfnmlc

nmslwilcnfw~ n{ mos fkklusfgdl nm ifm~ kdnmnkfd {ns|fsnom{ nm safs ns niudnl{ safs f {s|clms{ j|cìlms i|{s glilcnfslc g~ {oiloml ld{l{ uoplw oh {ldlksnom fmc og{lwxfsnom-

Fkfclinkfdd~ {|kkl{{h|d {s|clms{ fwl lqulkslc so:

Koii|mnkfsl lhhlksnxld~ fmc {lm{nsnxld~ pnsa ufsnlms{$ alfdsa uwohl{{nomfd{$ slfkalw{$ {sfhh$fmc ullw{ nm {lssnm`{ palwl koii|mnkfsnom n{ s~unkfdd~ owfd$ ow pwnsslm$ ow palm sal snil {ufmfxfndfgdl how koii|mnkfsnom n{ dninslc-

Fkk|wfsld~ og{lwxl f ufsnlms hwoi f cn{sfmkl fmc fs kdo{l wfm`l$ ogsfnm f ilcnkfd an{sow~cnwlksd~ hwoi sal ufsnlms$ fmc cnwlksd~ og{lwxl f ufsnlms{ ilcnkfd komcnsnom-

Fkv|nwl$ f{{nindfsl$ nmslwuwls$ nmsl`wfsl$ fmc fuud~ nmhowifsnom hwoi cnwlks og{lwxfsnom fmc owfdkoii|mnkfsnom$ pwnsslm il{{f`l{$ hndi{$ {dncl{$ inkwo{koul$ nif`nm` {knlmkl$ LK@ wlfco|s{$fmc osalw ilcnf-

Ulwhowi cnf`mo{snk fmc lilw`lmk~ ifml|xlw{ fmc uwoklc|wl{$ {|ka f{ ufdufsnom$ulwk|{{nom$ f|{k|dsfsnom$ fnwpf~ ifmf`lilms$ kfwcnou|diomfw~ wl{|{knsfsnom$ {|s|wnm`$ fmcf{{n{snm` nm {|w`lw~-

Ulwhowi uwogdli){odxnm` sf{b{ v|nkbd~ fmc lhhnknlmsd~ nm fm lmxnwomilms panka if~ kafm`lwfuncd~$ pnsao|s pfwmnm`$ fmc/ow nm |muwlcnksfgdl pf~{-

Koiuwlalmc sawll)cnilm{nomfd fmc {ufsnfd wldfsnom{anu{- Kfww~ o|s uwoklc|wl{ nmxodxlc nm dlfwmnm` sal {knlmkl{ h|mcfilmsfd so ilcnknml- San{ nmkd|cl{

sal fgndns~ so ufwsnknufsl h|dd~ nm fksnxnsnl{ clfdnm` pnsa k|wwnk|d|i wlv|nwlilms{ nm sal kdf{{wooi$dfgowfsow~$ fmc kdnmnkfd {lssnm`-



[s|clms{ pnsa Cn{fgndnsnl{ Wlv|l{snm ̀[ulknfd Fkkoiiocfsnom{

[s|clms{ pnsa cn{fgndnsnl{ if~ gl ldn`ngdl how {ulknfd {lwxnkl{ fmc fkkoiiocfsnom{- So nmnsnfsl san{ uwokl{{${s|clms{ i|{s mosnh~ sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{$ nm pwnsnm`$ fccwl{{lc so sal fsslmsnom oh f Clfm how [s|clmsFhhfnw{ safs sal~ afxl f cn{fgdnm` komcnsnom fmc fwl wlv|l{snm` fkkoiiocfsnom{- Nm fccnsnom$ cok|ilmsfsnom

i|{s gl uwoxnclc-

Cok|ilmsfs nom Wlv|nwlc

F koiudlslc Wlv|l{s Howi how Fkkoiiocfsnom{- Sal{l howi{ fwl fxfndfgdl hwoi sal Ohhnkl oh[s|clms Fhhfnw{-

F wluows hwoi f v|fdnhnlc uwohl{{nomfd cl{kwngnm` sal mfs|wl fmc {lxlwns~ oh sal cnf`mo{lccn{fgndns~-

F v|fdnhnlc uwohl{{nomfd n{ fm nmcnxnc|fd lc|kfslc fmc dnklm{lc so uwoxncl f{{l{{ilms fmc kfwl how sal u|wuowslccn{fgndns~- V|fdnhnlc uwohl{{nomfd{ nmkd|cl g|s fwl mos dninslc so dnklm{lc ua~{nknfm{ fmc u{~kaodo`n{s{- Oml owiowl oh sal cok|ilms{ wlv|nwlc if~ gl pfnxlc g~ f Clfm how [s|clms Fhhfnw{ |mclw klwsfnm knwk|i{sfmkl{${|ka f{ komcnsnom{ nmxodxnm` f sliuowfw~ cn{fgndns~2 how lqfiudl$ gwoblm dnig- Fssfkailms G komsfnm{ lqfiudl{oh fkklusfgdl cok|ilmsfsnom-

Fdd mlkl{{fw~ cok|ilmsfsnom cl{kwnglc fgoxl i|{s gl {|ginsslc so`lsalw so sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{$fccwl{{lc so sal fsslmsnom oh f Clfm how [s|clms Fhhfnw{- Sal [kaood i|{s gl `nxlm f wlf{omfgdl fio|ms oh snilso wlxnlp sal cok|ilmsfsnom-

Wlxnlp Uwokl{{

Sal Wlv|l{s Howi how Fkkoiiocfsnom{ fmc lxnclmkl so cok|ilms sal cn{fgndns~ fmc mllc how fkkoiiocfsnom{pndd gl wlxnlplc g~ sal Fkkoiiocfsnom{ how Cn{fgndnsnl{ Koiinssll !FCK. pnsanm 65 powbnm` cf~{$ ow f{ {oomf{ hlf{ngdl !clsfnd{ komklwmnm` sal FCK fwl uwl{lmslc dfslw.- Sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml wl{lwxl{ sal wn`as sowlv|nwl h|wsalw cok|ilmsfsnom fmc f{{l{{ilms palm$ nm ns{ ounmnom$ {|ka fccnsnomfd nmhowifsnom n{ mllclc so

nmcnkfsl sal lqn{slmkl oh f dlfwmnm` cn{fgndns~ ow osalw cnf`mo{l{$ ow so uwoxncl fkkoiiocfsnom{-

Iliglw{ oh sal FCK pndd wluows so fmc gl fuuonmslc g~ sal Clfm- Sal FCK n{ fcxn{ow~ so sal Clfm$ pao pnddafxl hnmfd f|saowns~ om clkn{nom{ wl`fwcnm` fkkoiiocfsnom{$ nh mos fuulfdlc- Iliglw{ pndd {lwxl how fm nmnsnfdulwnoc oh sawll ~lfw{ safs kfm gl wlmlplc fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal Clfm- Ns{ ulwifmlms iliglw{ pndd gl salF{{oknfsl Clfm how Fcin{{nom{$ fm F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{$ fmc fm Lc|kfsnomfd Clxldouilms [ulknfdn{s-Fccnsnomfd nmcnxnc|fd{ pndd gl kom{|dslc f{ fuuwouwnfsl-

Sal Fkkoiiocfsnom{ how Cn{fgndnsnl{ Koiinssll !FCK. pndd lxfd|fsl sal cok|ilmsfsnom {|uudnlc g~ {s|clms{palm wlv|l{snm` fkkoiiocfsnom{ glkf|{l oh f cn{fgndns~- Sal koiinssll{ wodl n{ so lxfd|fsl sal nmhowifsnom$wlv|l{s fccnsnomfd cok|ilmsfsnom nh mlkl{{fw~$ fmc n{{|l f wlkoiilmcfsnom how sal Clfm{ kom{nclwfsnom-



Sal wlkoiilmclc ko|w{l oh fksnom pndd gl koii|mnkfslc nm pwnsnm` so sal Clfm- Nh sal Clfm f`wll{ pnsa salclkn{nom$ sal Clfm pndd nm{sw|ks f Clfm how [s|clms{ so n{{|l f dlsslw so sal {s|clms fmc so ulwsnmlms hfk|ds~ fmc{sfhh pnsa f wodl nm niudlilmsnm` sal fkkoiiocfsnom2 osalwpn{l sal ifsslw pndd gl wlhlwwlc gfkb so sal FCK howh|wsalw cn{k|{{nom- Nm kf{l{ palwl salwl n{ mo {fsn{hfksow~ wl{od|snom glspllm sal FCK fmc sal Clfm$ salClfm{ clkn{nom pndd uwlxfnd-

F kou~ oh sal hnmfd clkn{nom pndd gl {lms so sal \mnxlw{ns~{ Cn{fgndnsnl{ Ko|m{ldow fmc so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml{Cnwlksow oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{-

Fkkoiiocfs nom{

Fkkoiiocfsnom{ nmkd|cl$ g|s fwl mos dninslc so sal hoddopnm`:

lqslmclc sl{snm` snil lqslmclc gwlfb{ ow wl{s ulwnoc{ !mo lqslmclc sl{snm` snil. nmcnxnc|fd fcinmn{swfsnom oh sl{snm` wlfclw f{{n{sfmkl nm koiudlsnm` fm{plw {alls{ dfw`l uwnms lqfinmfsnom osalw fkkoiiocfsnom{ f{ fuuwouwnfsl

[kaood '{ Cok|ilmsfs nom oh Fkkoiiocfsnom{

How lfka {s|clms f pwnsslm wlkowc oh cok|ilmslc cn{fgndnsnl{$ clkn{nom{ oh sal Fkkoiiocfsnom{ how Cn{fgndnsnl{Koiinssll wl`fwcnm` fkkoiiocfsnom{$ fmc f do` wluowsnm` fkkoiiocfsnom{ uwoxnclc pndd gl ifnmsfnmlc nm fkomhnclmsnfd hndl nm sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{-

Fuulfd{

Nh sal {s|clms cn{f`wll{ pnsa sal clkn{nom how fkkoiiocfsnom{$ sal {s|clms if~ fuulfd so sal \mnxlw{ns~{Cn{fgndnsnl{ Fkkoiiocfsnom{ Koiinssll$ pao af{ sal f|saowns~ so n{{|l f hnmfd clkn{nom om san{ ifsslw fs sal

\mnxlw{ns~ dlxld-

Fkk oii ocfsnom{ O|s{ncl oh s al [kaood oh Ilcnknml'{ I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi

Sal \[IDL [slu 6 fmc [slu 7 lqfinmfsnom{$ fdsao|`a wlv|nwlc oh fdd {s|clms{ g~ sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml$ fwlfcinmn{slwlc g~ f mfsnomfd ow`fmnzfsnom$ sal Mfsnomfd Gofwc oh Ilcnkfd Lqfinmlw{ !MGIL.- [s|clms{ pao {llbsl{snm` fkkoiiocfsnom{ how \[IDL [slu 6 fmc/ow \[IDL [slu 7 glkf|{l oh f cn{fgndns~ i|{s komsfks salMGIL so {lk|wl nmhowifsnom pnsa wl{ulks so uwoklc|wl{ fmc cok|ilmsfsnom wlv|nwlilms{- Wlv|l{s{ how sl{snm`fkkoiiocfsnom{ i|{s gl ifcl so sal MGIL g~ sal fuudnkfsnom clfcdnml how lfka lqfinmfsnom-



Fssfkailms G: Fkklusfgdl cok|ilmsfsnom

F- How f Dlfwmnm` Cn{fgndns~ !DC.$ Fsslmsnom Clhnkns A~ulwfksnxns~ Cn{owclw !FCAC. ow Fsslmsnom ClhnknsCn{owclw !FCC.: {|gins f k|wwlms u~{kaolc|kfsnomfd wluows hwoi f v|fdnhnlc uwohl{{nomfd$ s~ulpwnsslm om saluwohl{{nomfd{ dlsslwalfc-

How Dlfwmnm` Cn{fgndnsnl{$ sal cok|ilmsfsnom kfm gl mo iowl safm sawll !;. ~lfw{ odc-

How FCAC fmc FCC$ sal cok|ilmsfsnom kfm gl mo iowl safm oml !6. ~lfw odc-

Cok|ilmsfsnom how Dlfwmnm` Cn{fgndnsnl{$ FCAC$ fmc FCC {ao|dc nmkd|cl sal hoddopnm` nsli{:

‧ F {ulknhnk cnf`mo{n{ oh sal dlfwmnm` cn{fgndns~$ FCAC$ ow FCC !f{ ho|mc nm sal C[I NX. fmc

i|{s {|uuows fuuwouwnfsl fkkoiiocfsnom{- Xf`|l wlhlwlmkl{ so 'dlfwmnm` cnhhnk|dsnl{' ow 'uwogdli

fwlf{' pndd mos gl fkkluslc f{ f cnf`mo{n{-

‧ Sal uwohl{{nomfd komc|ksnm` sal lxfd|fsnom {ao|dc afxl fuuwouwnfsl lqulwnlmkl powbnm` pnsa sal

DC ow FCAC/FCC fc|ds uou|dfsnom- Cnf`mo{n{ {ao|dc gl ifcl g~ f dnklm{lc uwohl{{nomfd

aodcnm` f coksowfd dlxld cl`wll nm sal fwlf{ oh ilcnknml$ u{~kaodo`~$ ow osalw fwlf wldlxfms so

cnf`mo{nm` sal cn{fgndns~-‧ Cok|ilmsfsnom pnsanm sal uf{s sawll !;. ~lfw{ pndd gl kom{nclwlc nm clslwinmnm` fkkoiiocfsnom{$

g|s sal \mnxlw{ns~ wl{lwxl{ sal wn`as so wlv|l{s f iowl wlklms lxfd|fsnom so {|uuows wlv|l{slc

fkkoiiocfsnom{-

Nmcnxnc|fdnzlc Lc|kfsnom Udfm{ !NLU{. fwl mos {|hhnknlms g~ sali{ldxl{ so v|fdnh~ how {lwxnkl{$ g|s sal~ kfm glnmkd|clc f{ ufws oh f koiuwlalm{nxl f{{l{{ilms gfsslw~ f{ kfm FKS$ [FS$ IKFS {kowl{/fkkoiiocfsnom{-

Omkl {s|clms{ afxl koiudlslc fdd mlkl{{fw~ cok|ilmsfsnom$ {s|clms{ pndd gl wlv|nwlc so kom{|ds pnsa fmLc|kfsnomfd Clxldouilms [ulknfdn{s !LC[. cl{n`mfslc g~ sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Nh {s|clms{ co mos afxl {|hhnknlms cok|ilmsfsnom so {|uuows f dlfwmnm` cn{fgndns~$ f{ clslwinmlc g~ sal LC[${s|clms{ pndd gl wlhlwwlc so f U{~kaodo`nkfd Sl{snm` [lwxnkl oh salnw kaonkl so koiudlsl sal wlv|nwlc f{{l{{ilms-

Omkl fdd {slu{ afxl gllm koiudlslc$ sal LC[ pndd ifbl fmc nmnsnfd clslwinmfsnom palsalw {s|clms{ v|fdnh~ howFCF fkkoiiocfsnom{- Nh sal cok|ilmsfsnom n{ fkklusfgdl$ sal LC[ pndd {lmc sal nmhowifsnom so sal FCK howh|wsalw kom{nclwfsnom- !Mosl: Sal FCF wlhlw{ so [lksnom <53 oh sal Wlafgndnsfsnom Fks oh 6>0; fmc sal Filwnkfmpnsa Cn{fgndnsnl{ Fks oh 6>>5.-

G- How f Ua~{nkfd ow U{~kaodo`nkfd Cn{fgndns~: {|gins f k|wwlms ilcnkfd fmc/ow u{~kaodo`nkfd wluows hwoifm fuuwouwnfsl uwohl{{nomfd$ uwlhlwfgd~ dnklm{lc$ s~ulpwnsslm om sal uwohl{{nomfd{ dlsslwalfc panka komsfnm{:

F cnf`mo{n{$



‧ Dninsfsnom{ ow niufks sal ilcnkfd/u{~kaodo`nkfd komcnsnom ow ilcnkfsnom{ if~ afxl om fkfclinkulwhowifmkl$

‧ Wlkoiilmcfsnom{ how fkkoiiocfsnom{$‧ K|wwlms swlfsilms uwo`wfi nmkd|cnm` ilcnkfsnom{$ pnsa co{f`l$ k|wwlmsd~ uwl{kwnglc fmc sfbnm`$‧ Cn{k|{{nom oh fm~ ulwsnmlms hfksow{ safs if~ niufks sal nmcnxnc|fd nm fm fkfclink lmxnwomilms-

Omkl sal nmhowifsnom wlv|nwlc af{ gllm koiudlslc$ sal Clfm how [s|clms{ pndd ifbl fm nmnsnfd clslwinmfsnompalsalw {s|clms{ v|fdnh~ how FCF fkkoiiocfsnom{- Nh sal cok|ilmsfsnom n{ fkklusfgdl$ sal Clfm how [s|clms{pndd {lmc sal nmhowifsnom so sal FCK how h|wsalw kom{nclwfsnom-



Fkfclink Wlv|nwlilms{ fmc Wl`|dfsnom{

[s|clms Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{ Wlxnlp Uwokl{{

Koiins sll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`

Sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU. ills{ fs wl`|dfw nmslwxfd{ c|wnm` sal ~lfwso f{{l{{ sal uwo`wl{{ oh nmcnxnc|fd {s|clms{- [s|clms{ pao fwl fs wn{b oh mos fkanlxnm` {fsn{hfksow~ fkfclinkuwo`wl{{ ow fwl lqulwnlmknm` fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ pndd ills nmcnxnc|fdd~ pnsa sal K[UUU so f{{l{{ salnw {ns|fsnom-Sal K[UUU pndd l{sfgdn{a udfm{ how {s|clms{ so ifnmsfnm {fsn{hfksow~ fkfclink uwo`wl{{ fmc/ow fkanlxlfkfclink niuwoxlilms g~ ilfm{ nmkd|cnm`$ g|s mos dninslc so$ {kalc|dnm` fmc koiudlsnom oh fkfclinkwlv|nwlilms{$ nm{sw|ksnomfd ousnom{$ ko|m{ldnm`$ ow s|sownm`-

Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd !FK.

Sal Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd !FK. n{ f {|gkoiinssll oh sal Lqlk|snxl Koiinssll oh sal Hfk|ds~ !LKH. kom{n{snm` oh hnxliliglw{ pao{l u|wuo{l n{ so alfw {s|clms fuulfd{ om cn{in{{fd clkn{nom{- San{ koiinssll wludfkl{ fdd osalw

{s|clms fuulfd{ ilkafmn{i{ uwl{lmsd~ nm udfkl so wlxnlp cn{in{{fd clkn{nom{-

Sal Clfm fuuonms{ sal Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd iliglw{- Uwlhlwlmkl n{ `nxlm so iliglw{ pnsa lqulwnlmkl nm {s|clmsfkfclink fhhfnw{- Iliglw{ pndd {lwxl how fm nmnsnfd ulwnoc oh sawll ~lfw{ safs kfm gl wlmlplc fs sal cn{kwlsnom ohsal Clfm- Sal Clfm cl{n`mfsl{ oml iliglw f{ kafnwulw{om fmc fmosalw f{ xnkl kafnwulw{om- Sal kafnwulw{omn{ wl{uom{ngdl how ow`fmnznm` illsnm`{$ bllunm` inm|sl{ oh lfka {l{{nom fmc nmhowinm` sal Clfm oh salKo|mknd{ wl{od|snom{-

Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnk nml

Sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml wlxnlp{ fmc hnmfdnzl{ fdd clkn{nom{ oh sal K[UUU fmc sal [UKK-

Sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml pndd fkklus pwnsslm {s|clms fuulfd{ wl`fwcnm` cn{in{{fd fmc pndd {|ginssao{l fuulfd{ so sal Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd$ pao{l clkn{nom{ fwl hnmfd-

Kwnslwnf how Clslwinmnm` [fsn{hfks ow~ Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{




Nm owclw so ifnmsfnm {fsn{hfksow~ fkfclink uwo`wl{{ nm sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi$ f {s|clms i|{s ills fdd oh salhoddopnm` v|fmsnsfsnxl fmc v|fdnsfsnxl kwnslwnf:

V|fmsnsfsnxl Kwnslwnf: f {s|clms i|{s:

‧ koiudlsl Uaf{l{ 6 fmc 7 nm mo iowl safm sanws~){nq iomsa{

‧ {ns how \[IDL [slu 6 pnsanm sawll iomsa{ oh sal koiudlsnom oh ^lfw 7$ |mdl{{ f dfslw cfsl n{fuuwoxlc nm fcxfmkl$ nm pwnsnm`$ g~ sal K[UUU- Lxlm nh f cldf~ n{ `wfmslc$ {s|clms{ i|{s {sndd ills

fdd osalw v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf$ nmkd|cnm` v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf m|iglw ;

‧ wlklnxl f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu 6 pnsanm ho|wsllm iomsa{ oh sal koiudlsnom oh ^lfw 7

‧ koiudlsl ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 nm mo iowl safm sanws~){nq iomsa{ fhslw wlklnxnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl om

\[IDL [slu 6

‧ wlklnxl f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu 7)KB fmc sfbl [slu 7)K[ pnsanm sanws~){nq iomsa{ oh

wlklnxnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu6

‧ koiudlsl fdd fkfclink wlv|nwlilms{ how sal fpfwcnm` oh sal I-C- Cl`wll nm mo iowl safm {lxlms~)

spo iomsa{

Mosl: Snil safs {s|clms{ {ulmc om fuuwoxlc dlfxl{ oh fg{lmkl col{ mos ko|ms sopfwc{ sal v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf-

V|fdnsfsnxl Kwnslwnf: f {s|clms i|{s:

‧ fkanlxl f uf{{nm` `wfcl nm fdd ko|w{l{ fssliuslc-

Mosl: Palm {s|clms{ wlklnxl f hfndnm` `wfcl nm f ko|w{l$ ow ko|w{l{$ fmc fwl ulwinsslc g~ sal

K[UUU so wlilcnfsl salnw hfndnm` `wfcl{$ sal~ pndd gl kom{nclwlc so gl ifbnm` {fsn{hfksow~

uwo`wl{{ pandl |mclwsfbnm` sal fuuwoxlc wlilcnfsnom$ |mdl{{ sal~ fd{o hfnd so ills f v|fmsnsfsnxl

kwnslwnom-

Uwoios nom fmc @wfc|fsnom oh [s|clms{

[s|clms{ i|{s {|kkl{{h|dd~ koiudlsl fdd ko|w{l{ fmc fkfclink wlv|nwlilms{ so fcxfmkl so sal mlqs fkfclink

~lfw ow `wfc|fsl- Sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU. {afdd fmm|fdd~ nmhowisal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml nm pwnsnm` om fcxfmklilms ow `wfc|fsnom oh lfka {s|clms- Nm fccnsnom$ salkafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU {afdd uwoxncl owfd fmc pwnsslm wluows{ om {s|clms uwo`wl{{ so sal Lqlk|snxlKoiinssll oh sal Hfk|ds~ !LKH. fs wl`|dfwd~ {kalc|dlc LKH illsnm`{-

Nmkdlilms Plfsalw

Nh [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ n{ kdo{lc c|l so nmkdlilms plfsalw FDD {s|clms{ fwl lqk|{lc hwoi fksnxnsnl{-



^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 Wlv|nwlilms{

Nclmsnhnkfsnom

[s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so plfw mfil sf`{ fs fdd snil{- Sal~ fd{o {ao|dc lnsalw nmswoc|kl sali{ldxl{ ow glnmswoc|klc so sal ufsnlms f{ swfnmll{-

Ldlksnxl Wlv|nwlilms{ !lhhlksnxl fk fclink ~lfw 7565)7566.

Fdd ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 {s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fm ldlksnxl- [s|clms{ mos wl`n{slwnm` how fm ldlksnxl g~sal wlv|nwlc clfcdnml {afdd gl f{{n`mlc so fm ldlksnxl g~ sal Ldlksnxl Cnwlksow-

Dlss lw{ oh Nmclimns~ how ^lfw 6 fmc 7 [s|clms {

[oil {s|clms{ pao cl{nwl so |mclw`o lqulwnlmkl{ fs kdnmnkfd {nsl{ glspllm ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 fwl f{blc g~{nsl uwo`wfi koowcnmfsow{ how f dlsslw oh nmclimns~ hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml uwoxncnm` koxlwf`l how fm~ifduwfksnkl g~ sal {s|clms- [nmkl dlsslw{ oh nmclimns~ fwl |{|fdd~ omd~ uwoxnclc how fksnxnsnl{ safs komhowi so salwl`|dfw k|wwnk|d|i$ {|ka dlsslw{ pndd mllc so gl lqslmclc g~ sal fuuwouwnfsl ohhnkl fs sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml fmcomd~ fhslw wlv|nwlc cok|ilmsfsnom n{ uwoxnclc- Udlf{l komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh @wfc|fsl Ilcnkfd Lc|kfsnom [email protected] nm wooi [A785 k/o Woglws Alfml~$ IC$ pao n{ wl{uom{ngdl how uwokl{{nm` sal dlsslw$ fmc {|gins salhoddopnm` cok|ilmsfsnom fs dlf{s 1 pllb{ glhowl sal {sfws oh sal fksnxns~:

Nmhowifsnom wlv|nwlc !nm @IL ohhnkl.:

F cl{kwnusnom oh sal fks|fd kdnmnkfd powb F cl{kwnusnom oh sal {|ulwxn{nm` ua~{nknfm!{. F cl{kwnusnom oh sal lmxnwomilms oh kfwl !l-`-$ ao{unsfd pfwc$ o|sufsnlms kdnmnk$ uwnxfsl ohhnkl.- Fkbmopdlc`ilms{ oh wl{uom{ngndns~ how kfwl how ufsnlms{ g~ sal {|ulwxn{nm` ua~{nknfm!{. fmc

{uom{ownm` nm{sns|snom{- Cfsl{ oh sal lqulwnlmkl

Lxfd|fsnom uwokl{{ Wfsnomfdl how sal lqulwnlmkl

Fuuwoxfd n{ mos `|fwfmsllc {nmkl ns pndd clulmc om sal fmfd~{n{ oh wn{b g~ Dl`fd Ko|m{ld fmc g~ Wn{bIfmf`lilms- Sal @IL ohhnkl pndd koii|mnkfsl ns{ clkn{nom cnwlksd~ so sal {s|clms-

^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 Fss lmcfmkl

Fdd {s|clms{ fwl lqulkslc so fsslmc fdd dfgowfsow~ {l{{nom{$ {ifdd `wo|u{$ fmc osalw uwfksnk|i lqulwnlmkl{-Fd{o$ fdd kdnmnkfd wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ fs ao{unsfd{ fmc kdnmnk{ i|{s gl h|dd~ ils-



Fsslmcfmkl fs dlks|wl{ n{ mos ifmcfsow~- Aoplxlw$ lfka ko|w{l cnwlksow ow dlks|wlw if~ afxl f ulw{omfduo{nsnom om san{ ifsslw fmc {oil if~ {swom`d~ |w`l fsslmcfmkl-

Uwo`wfi Lxfd|fsnom

[s|clms lxfd|fsnom oh sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi ko|w{l{ fmc hfk|ds~ n{ kom{nclwlc xnsfd so sal om`onm` v|fdns~

f{{l{{ilms oh sal Uwo`wfi- [s|clms{ nm ^lfw{ 6$ 7$ ;$ fmc 3 fwl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fdd f{{n`mlc lxfd|fsnom{-[s|clms ufwsnknufsnom nm uwo`wfi lxfd|fsnom n{ cok|ilmslc fs sal lmc oh lfka fkfclink ~lfw palm f dlsslwcl{kwngnm` salnw ufwsnknufsnom n{ udfklc nm salnw fkfclink wlkowc- Pwnsslm {|iifwnl{ fmc lxfd|fsnom cfsf fwlcn{swng|slc so {ldlks iliglw{ oh sal {kaood{ fcinmn{swfsnom fmc hfk|ds~ how kom{nclwfsnom$ cn{k|{{nom$ fmcniudlilmsfsnom oh kafm`l{ palm mllclc-

Iocnhnkfsnom oh Wlv|nwlilms{

[s|clms{ pnsa ulw{omfd uwogdli{ !how lqfiudl$ {uo|{l{ dnxnm` nm fmosalw dokfsnom. pao pn{a so iocnh~ fm~ oh salho|w ~lfw{ wlv|nwlilms{ {ao|dc {|gins f pwnsslm wlv|l{s so sal kafnwulw{om oh sal Koiinssll om [s|clmsUwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`- [|ka ulsnsnom{ i|{s fd{o afxl fuuwoxfd hwoi sal fuuwouwnfsl clufwsilmsfdkafnwulw{om fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- San{ |{|fdd~ wlv|nwl{ safs sal {s|clms uwoxncl lxnclmkl safs sal ko|w{l{

fwl koiufwfgdl- [s|clms{ swfm{hlwwnm` nmso ^lfw ; fwl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fdd ^lfw 3 wlv|nwlilms{ fs [fnmsDo|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ Ao{unsfd ow fhhndnfsl{-

San{ uodnk~ col{ mos fuud~ so {s|clms{ pao wlv|l{s fkkoiiocfsnom{ glkf|{l oh cn{fgndnsnl{- Nm sao{l kf{l{$ saluwokl{{l{ fxfndfgdl how {s|clms{ pnsa cn{fgndnsnl{ {ao|dc gl hoddoplc-

^lfw ; fmc ̂ lfw 3 Wlv|nwlilms{

Nclmsnhnkfsnom

[s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so plfw mfil gfc`l{ fs fdd snil{- Sal~ fd{o {ao|dc lnsalw nmswoc|kl sali{ldxl{ ow glnmswoc|klc so sal ufsnlms f{ swfnmll{-



Lqswfi |wfd Ko|w{l Powb

Ko|w{l powb mos {ldlkslc hwoi sal ohhnknfd ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Uwo`wfi Goob n{ LQSWFI\WFD ko|w{l powb-[s|clms{ wlv|nwl uwnow fuuwoxfd hwoi sal wldlxfms clufwsilms fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml-Nm {ulknfd kf{l{$ {|ka f{ nmslwmfsnomfd ldlksnxl{ ow clufwsilms{ mos wluwl{lmslc fs sal {kaood$ sal F{{n{sfmsClfm how K|wwnk|d|i pndd uwoxncl sal mlkl{{fw~ fuuwoxfd- Fm nmkwlf{nm` m|iglw oh {kaood{ u|gdn{a salnw

ldlksnxl{ |{nm` sal Nmslwmls- Kdnkb alwl how f koiudlsl dn{snm` oh sal Lqswfi|wfd Ldlksnxl{ Koiulmcn|i u|gdn{alc g~ sal Filwnkfm F{{oknfsnom oh Ilcnkfd Koddl`l{ !FFIK.-

Palm {kalc|dnm` ~o|w lqswfi|wfd ko|w{l powb$ ~o| if~ hnmc safs sal nm{sns|snom so panka ~o| fwl fuud~nm`wlv|l{s{ f dlsslw oh `ooc {sfmcnm` fmc xlwnhnkfsnom oh sal \mnxlw{ns~„{ Uwohl{{nomfd Dnfgndns~ Uwo`wfi fmcalfdsa nm{|wfmkl- Sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ !DWK 656. pndd gl fgdl so fkkoiiocfsl ~o|w wlv|l{s{-[ao|dc ~o| mllc f kou~ oh ~o|w swfm{kwnus ow sal {kaood {lfd fhhnqlc so ~o|w fuudnkfsnom$ sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{ !DWK 656. kfm f{{n{s ~o|-

Sal fkfclink ulwhowifmkl oh {s|clms{ c|wnm` ^lfw 3 n{ {|gjlks so lxfd|fsnom- [s|clms{ udfmmnm` lqswfi|wfdldlksnxl{ i|{s ifbl fwwfm`lilms{ so nm{|wl safs salnw ldlksnxl cnwlksow{ koiudlsl lxfd|fsnom howi{ fs sallmc oh lfka lqswfi|wfd ulwnoc- Ns n{ niuowsfms safs {s|clms{ uwoxncl sal mfil oh sal lxfd|fsow fmc salnwkowwlks lifnd fccwl{{ om sal fcc/cwou howi f{ fdd lxfd|fsnom{ fwl koiudlslc om sal OF[N[ {~{sli-

^lfw ; [kalc|dl Kafm`l{

Nh ns n{ mlkl{{fw~ so wl{kalc|dl f uowsnom oh f {s|clms{ ^lfw ; !c|l so Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl$ nddml{{$ fkfclinkclhnknlmknl{$ ow osalw fkfclink wlv|nwlilms{.$ f pwnsslm wlv|l{s i|{s gl uwl{lmslc so sal Ohhnkl oh FkfclinkWlkowc{- Sal Cnwlksow oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{ pndd clkncl palsalw so `wfms sal wlv|l{s ow so {|gins ns so salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` how kom{nclwfsnom-

^lfw 3 [kalc|dl Kafm`l{

Fhslw sal ^lfw 3 {kalc|dl n{ wlklnxlc g~ sal {s|clms{$ kowwlksnom{ ow kafm`l{ kfm gl ifcl omdnml |msnd sal{snu|dfslc clfcdnml- F {s|clms if~ pnsacwfp hwoi fm~ ldlksnxl ko|w{l c|wnm` san{ ulwnoc fmc fcc fmosalwldlksnxl$ nh {ufkl n{ fxfndfgdl$ uwnow so sal dn{s{ glnm` cn{swng|slc so sal clufwsilms{ !fuuwoqnifsld~ sal hnw{s

pllb oh If~.- Fdd h|wsalw kafm`l{ wlv|nwl clufwsilmsfd fuuwoxfd- Fm Fcc/Cwou Howi i|{s gl koiudlslcfmc wls|wmlc so sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ so wlklnxl ohhnknfd f|saownzfsnom oh kafm`l- Sal howi i|{s glwls|wmlc so sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ glhowl sal ldlksnxl gl`nm{ ow mo kwlcns pndd gl `nxlm-Aoplxlw palm uo{{ngdl$ {s|clms{ {ao|dc ifbl fwwfm`lilms{ pnsa sal clufwsilms ho|w pllb{ glhowl salldlksnxl gl`nm{-

Fhhndnfsnom F`wllilms{ how Lqslwm{anu{

Sal kafm`nm` dl`fd lmxnwomilms n{ uwoc|knm` mlp {ns|fsnom{ how {s|clms{ pn{anm` so u|w{|l lqslwmfd ldlksnxl{c|wnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3- [oil {nsl{ wlv|nwl fccnsnomfd cok|ilmsfsnom glhowl fkklusnm` f {s|clms- Sal{lcok|ilms{ |{|fdd~ fwl k|iglw{oil fmc sfbl sal howi oh 'fhhndnfsnom f`wllilms{-' Fs f inmni|i$ sal~ {ao|dcnmkd|cl sal {fil nmhowifsnom wlv|nwlc how lqslm{nom oh ifduwfksnkl !dlsslw oh nmclimns~.-

http://www.aamc.org/students/medstudents/electives/start.htm






Palm {nsl{ wlv|l{s {|ka cok|ilmsfsnom$ {s|clms{ {ao|dc komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh @wfc|fsl Ilcnkfd Lc|kfsnom ow@IL ![A785. k/o Woglws Alfml~$ IC$ pao n{ wl{uom{ngdl how uwokl{{nm` sal fhhndnfsnom f`wllilms- [s|clms{i|{s ifbl {|wl safs sal |m{n`mlc f`wllilms n{ {lms so Cw- Alfml~{ ohhnkl how uwokl{{nm`- Glkf|{l sal {s|c~fmc fmfd~{n{ oh {|ka f`wllilms{ |{|fdd~ sfbl{ kom{nclwfgdl snil$ udlf{l {|gins ~o|w wlv|l{s fs dlf{s 65pllb{ glhowl sal {sfws oh sal udfmmlc ldlksnxl-

Fuuwoxfd n{ mos `|fwfmsllc {nmkl ns pndd clulmc om sal fmfd~{n{ oh wn{b g~ Dl`fd Ko|m{ld fmc g~ Wn{bIfmf`lilms- Sal @IL ohhnkl pndd koii|mnkfsl ns{ clkn{nom cnwlksd~ so sal {s|clms$ sal kdnmnkfd {nsl$ fmc salOhhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{-

Fhslw koiudlsnom fmc fuuwoxfd oh fm lc|kfsnomfd f`wllilms how f ilcnkfd {s|clms ldlksnxl$ kounl{ pndd wlifnm nmsal @IL Ohhnkl$ sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{$ fmc sal {uom{ownm` nm{sns|snom oh sal ldlksnxl-

[s|clms Fg{lmkl{ hwoi ^lfw ; fmc ̂ lfw 3 Fksnxns nl{

San{ uodnk~ fuudnl{ so fdd ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 fksnxnsnl{ !n-l-$ fdd ko|w{l{$ nmkd|cnm` kdlwb{anu{$ ldlksnxl{${|gnmslwm{anu{$ {|w`nkfd {|g{ulknfdsnl{$ fmc wlv|nwlc ko|w{l{.-

\mlqk|{lc Fg{lmkl{- Oml ow iowl |mlqk|{lc fg{lmkl{ fwl fclv|fsl wlf{om{ how f ko|w{l cnwlksow sokom{nclw f `wfcl oh Hfnd how sal {s|clms- Hfnd|wl so koiud~ pnsa sal Fg{lmkl{ Uodnk~ n{ xnlplc f{ f {lwno|{gwlfka oh uwohl{{nomfd wl{uom{ngndns~ fmc if~ wl{|ds nm f wlhlwwfd so D- Jfil{ Pnddiowl$ IC$ F{{oknfsl Clfm how[s|clms{ fmc/ow f `wfcl oh Hfnd how sal ko|w{l-

Lqk|{lc Fg{lmkl{- Lqk|{lc fg{lmkl{ fwl uwnifwnd~ how {lwno|{ knwk|i{sfmkl{ {|ka f{ f clfsa nm salniilcnfsl hfind~ ow fm fk|sl ilcnkfd uwogdli fmc i|{s gl fuuwoxlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow !mos g~ f wl{nclms${sfhh iliglw$ ow uwlklusow. uwnow so sal snil ohh- Kdlfwd~$ fk|sl nddml{{ ow nmj|w~ if~ uwlkd|cl fcxfmkl mosnkl$g|s f{ {oom f{ uo{{ngdl$ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow {ao|dc gl ifcl fpfwl oh {|ka knwk|i{sfmkl{- Fg{lmkl{ panka fwlmos {lwno|{ !f{ cl{kwnglc fgoxl. nm mfs|wl if~ ow if~ mos gl fuuwoxlc fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal ko|w{l cnwlksow-Lqk|{lc fg{lmkl{ safs nm sosfd lv|fd iowl safm 65, oh f ko|w{l„{ fksnxnsnl{$ wlv|nwl wlilcnfsnom- Nm kf{l{palwl f {s|clms n{ wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fccnsnomfd ko|w{lpowb fhslw sal lmc oh sal ko|w{l$ fm Nmkoiudlsl !N. pnddgl wlkowclc nm sal ohhnknfd wlkowc !Gfmmlw. |msnd sal ko|w{l n{ koiudlslc-

Sal 65, ifqni|i how fg{lmkl{ n{ MOS cn{kwlsnomfw~ snil safs {s|clms{ afxl so gl fpf~ hwoi sal ko|w{l howosalw fksnxnsnl{ {|ka f{ nmslwxnlpnm`- [s|clms{ {ao|dc {kalc|dl nmslwxnlp{ c|wnm` sal ln`as pllb{ fxfndfgdlpnsao|s nm{sw|ksnom c|wnm` ^lfw 3- [kalc|dnm` nmslwxnlp{ c|wnm` udfmmlc nm{sw|ksnomfd snil{ i|{s gl fuuwoxlcg~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow uwnow so sal fg{lmkl- [s|clms{ i|{s wlv|l{s snil fpf~ how fm nmslwxnlp fmc i|s|fdf`wllilms i|{s gl wlfkalc glhowl sal {s|clms n{ `nxlm ulwin{{nom so gl fg{lms-

Fuuwoxlc g~ sal ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Koowcnmfsnm` Koiinssll$ If~ 66$ 7566Fuuwoxlc g~ sal K|wwnk|d|i Ifmf`lilms Koiinssll$ If~ 61$ 7566



^lfw 3 Ko|w{l Wlv|nwlilms{

Ldlksnxl{ ô| fwl wlv|nwlc so sfbl 71 pllb{ !71 kwlcns ao|w{. oh ldlksnxl{ c|wnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3- Finmni|i oh 75 pllb{ i|{s gl {ulms nm ldlksnxl{ kdf{{nhnlc f{ —cnwlks)ufsnlms kfwl’ fmc lnàs !1. oh sal{lpllb{ i|{s gl kao{lm hwoi sal ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Uwo`wfi ohhlwnm`{ dn{slc om sal OKF plg{nsl-

ô| if~ sfbl mo iowl safm 7 sosfd pllb{ oh [lmnow Nmv|nw~ !NMV. ldlksnxl{- Fd{o$ sal {|i oh Mom)Cnwlks UfsnlmsKfwl !MUL. ldlksnxl pllb{ fmc [lmnow Nmv|nw~ ldlksnxl pllb{ if~ mos lqkllc 1-

Ldlksnxl{ fwl kdf{{nhnlc nmso {lxlwfd s~ul{- Lfka ldlksnxl s~ul n{ kdlfwd~ nclmsnhnlc nm sal ko|w{l kfsfdo`-

Cnwlks Ufsnlms Kfwl

!CUL.

Mom Cnwlks Ufsnlms Kfwl

!MUL.

Wl{lfwka !W[L$ ko|ms f{

MUL.

[lmnow Nmv|nw~ !NMV$

ko|ms f{ MUL.

Ldlksnxl Kfu{soml{

!K[L$ ko|ms f{

MUL.

Slfkanm` !SL$ ko|ms

f{ MUL.

Fuuwoxlc g~ sal ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Koiinssll 6/67/7566Fuuwoxlc g~ sal K|wwnk|d|i Ifmf`lilms Koiinssll 6/6>/7566



Xn{nsnm` Ilcnkfd [s|clms {

Ldn`ngndns~ Wlv|nwlilms{

Fuudnkfms{ i|{s gl nm salnw hnmfd ~lfw oh ilcnkfd {kaood fs f \-[- ow Kfmfcnfm ilcnkfd {kaood safs n{

fkkwlcnslc g~ sal Dnfn{om Koiinssll om Ilcnkfd Lc|kfsnom !DKIL. ow O{sloufsank ilcnkfd {kaood !FOF

fkkwlcnslc.- [s|clms{ i|{s afxl {|kkl{{h|dd~ koiudlslc fdd uwlkdnmnkfd swfnmnm`$ gf{nk kowl kdlwb{anu{!Nmslwmfd Ilcnknml$ Ml|wodo`~$ Ulcnfswnk{$ U{~kanfsw~$ Og{slswnk{ fmc @~mlkodo`~$ fmc [|w`lw~.$ fmc fdduowsnom{ oh sal kdnmnkfd swfnmnm` uwlwlv|n{nsl{ wlv|nwlc how sal ldlksnxl how panka sal fuudnkfsnom n{ glnmùwokl{{lc- Fkklusfmkl pndd gl komsnm`lms |uom sal fuudnkfms afxnm` fkanlxlc fclv|fsl `wfcl{ nm gf{nk{knlmkl fmc kowl kdnmnkfd ko|w{l{ lv|nxfdlms so [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ ko|w{l{- Fclv|fk~ fmc lv|nxfdlmk~{afdd gl clslwinmlc g~ [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Xn{nsnm` {s|clms{ fwl ldn`ngdl how kdnmnkfd^lfw 3 ldlksnxl{ omd~-

Fuudnkfsnom{ safs fwl nmkoiudlsl ow afxl mos ils sal ldn`ngndns~ wlv|nwlilms{ pndd mos gl uwokl{{lc-

Ulw{omfd Alfdsa Nm{|wfmkl

Lxnclmkl oh alfdsa nm{|wfmkl !gosa ao{unsfdnzfsnom fmc ifjow ilcnkfd koxlwf`l. c|wnm` sal uwouo{lc ldlksnxl

ulwnoc n{ f ifmcfsow~ uowsnom oh sal fuudnkfsnom cok|ilmsfsnom- San{ koxlwf`l n{ mos ohhlwlc ow uwoxnclcsawo|à [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- Nh ~o| co mos afxl alfdsa nm{|wfmkl$ ~o| i|{s u|wkaf{l ns$ fmc uwoxncl uwooh oh koxlwf`l$ uwnow so sal fuuwoxfd oh ~o|w fuudnkfsnom-

Uwohl{{nomfd Dnfgndns~ Koxlwf`l

Lxnclmkl oh uwohl{{nomfd dnfgndns~ nm{|wfmkl !#7$555$555 \[ inmni|i. i|{s gl uwoxnclc g~ sal {s|clms'{aoil nm{sns|snom ow u|wkaf{lc cnwlksd~ g~ sal {s|clms- San{ koxlwf`l n{ mos ohhlwlc ow uwoxnclc sawo|à [fnmsDo|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- Nh ~o|w aoil nm{sns|snom n{ mos uwoxncnm` uwohl{{nomfd dnfgndns~ nm{|wfmkl$ ~o| i|{s u|wkaf{lns$ fmc uwoxncl uwooh oh koxlwf`l$ uwnow so sal fuuwoxfd oh ~o|w fuudnkfsnom-

Xlwnhnkfsnom oh @ooc Fkfclink [sfmcnm`

Sal {s|clms i|{s afxl xlwnhnkfsnom safs sal~ fwl nm òoc fkfclink {sfmcnm` fs salnw {kaood fmc fwlf|saownzlc so sfbl sal kao{lm ldlksnxl how sal snil ulwnoc cl{n`mfslc om sal fuudnkfsnom howi-



C|wfsnom oh Ldlksnxl{

Xn{nsnm` Ilcnkfd [s|clms{ if~ fuud~ how ldlksnxl{ nm sawll pllb gdokb{ f{ dn{slc nm sal ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3!^lfw 3. Nm{sw|ksnomfd Ulwnoc{$ g|s sal sosfd snil if~ mos lqkllc spldxl pllb{-

[fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml pndd gl |{nm` X[F[$ sal Xn{nsnm` [s|clmsFuudnkfsnom [lwxnkl$ so wlklnxl xn{nsnm` {s|clms fuudnkfsnom{ how sal k|wwlms fkfclink ~lfw-Fuudnkfsnom{ if~ gl {|ginsslc sawo|`a X[F[ {sfwsnm` om If~ 6{s pnsa fuuwoxfd{ n{{|lc nmJ|ml- So fuud~ so o|w nm{sns|snom$ udlf{l koiudlsl fmc {lmc |{ f X[F[ fuudnkfsnom how ~o|wuwlhlwwlc ldlksnxl{ fmc cfsl{- How iowl nmhowifsnom om X[F[$ udlf{l xn{ns

Ldlksnxl{ i|{s gl{kalc|dlc nm sawll pllb gdokb{ !l-`- sawll)pllb{$ {nq)pllb{$ mnml) pllb{$ lsk-. Lqklusnom{ fwl mos

ulwinsslc-

Fuudnkfsnom Hll{

Fs sal uwl{lms snil$ mo fuudnkfsnom hll{ fwl wlv|nwlc-

ppp-ffik-ow`/x{f{ ow komsfks X[F[ fs x{f{Effik-ow` ow !757. 301)>101-

Fuudnkfsnom Uwoklc|wl{ how O{sloufsank [s|clms{:

Wls|wm koiudlslc fuudnkfsnom so:

[fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml6357 [o|sa @wfmc Go|dlxfwc$ DWK 656[s- Do|n{$ IO 8;653

F {lufwfsl fuudnkfsnom {ao|dc gl koiudlslc how lfka ldlksnxl how panka ~o| fwl fuud~nm`-

Lfka fuudnkfsnom i|{s gl koiudlsl nmkd|cnm` {s|clms cfsf$ xlwnhnkfsnom oh nm{|wfmkl koxlwf`l !gosa dnfgndns~fmc ulw{omfd alfdsa.$ fmc xlwnhnkfsnom oh fkfclink {sfmcnm`- Hfnd|wl so koiudlsl sal fuudnkfsnom uwoulwd~ pnddcldf~ sal uwokl{{nm` oh sal howi- ![ll Wlv|nwlilms{ {lksnom.

Fuudnkfsnom: [ll fuulmcnq F

Uwoklc|wl how Uwokl{{nm` oh Fuudnkfsnom{ how Xn{nsnm` Ilcnkfd [s|clms{:

Sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ pndd fcinmn{slw sal hoddopnm` uwoklc|wl{ fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml |uom wlklnus oh sal fuudnkfsnom:

Ogsfnm fuuwoxfd hwoi sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i-

Wlklnxl clufwsilmsfd komhnwifsnom safs sal uo{nsnom fmc {ldlkslc snil hwfil fwl fxfndfgdl-

http://www.aamc.org/vsas


mailto:[email protected]







Nmhowi sal {s|clms oh fkklusfmkl ow wljlksnom g~ ifnd pnsanm spo pllb{ oh wlklnus oh fuudnkfsnom !{ll mosnklgldop-.

Mosnkl: Uwokl{{nm` oh wlv|l{s{ hwoi xn{nsnm` {s|clms{ pndd gl`nm fhslw J|ml 6 uwnow so sal {sfws oh sal mlqs

fkfclink ~lfw- Fuudnkfsnom{ if~ mos gl {|ginsslc |msnd If~ 6 how sal mlqs fkfclink ~lfw panka w|m{ hwoiJ|d~ so J|ml-

Uwo`wfi Lxfd|fsnom

[s|clms lxfd|fsnom oh sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi ko|w{l{ fmc hfk|ds~ n{ kom{nclwlc xnsfd so sal omònm` v|fdns~f{{l{{ilms oh sal Uwo`wfi- [s|clms{ nm ^lfw{ 6$ 7$ ;$ fmc 3 fwl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fdd f{{n`mlc lxfd|fsnom{-[s|clms ufwsnknufsnom nm uwo`wfi lxfd|fsnom n{ cok|ilmslc fs sal lmc oh lfka fkfclink ~lfw palm f dlsslwcl{kwngnm` salnw ufwsnknufsnom n{ udfklc nm salnw fkfclink wlkowc- Pwnsslm {|iifwnl{ fmc lxfd|fsnom cfsf fwlcn{swng|slc so {ldlks iliglw{ oh sal {kaood{ fcinmn{swfsnom fmc hfk|ds~ how kom{nclwfsnom$ cn{k|{{nom$ fmcniudlilmsfsnom oh kafm`l{ palm mllclc-

[s|clms C|s~ Ao|w{

How sal u|wuo{l{ oh san{ uodnk~$ sal slwi c|s~ ao|w{ wlhlw{ so snil sal {s|clms {ulmc{ om sal cldnxlw~ oh ufsnlmskfwl$ f{ pldd f{ snil {ulms ufwsnknufsnm` nm {kalc|dlc lc|kfsnomfd {l{{nom{- Ns col{ mos wlhlw so snil sal {s|clms{ulmc{ {s|c~nm`-

‧ Lc|kfsnomfd fksnxnsnl{ {ao|dc afxl uwnowns~ oxlw {lwxnkl fksnxnsnl{$ fmc fiudl {s|c~ snil i|{s gl

uwoxnclc-

‧ C|s~ ao|w{ om kdnmnkfd wosfsnom{ fwl so gl {ls sfbnm` nmso fkko|ms sal lhhlks{ oh hfsn`|l fmc {dllu

cluwnxfsnom om dlfwmnm` fmc ufsnlms kfwl-

‧ C|s~ ulwnoc{ i|{s mos lqkllc 73 ao|w{ nm c|wfsnom- Ns n{ l{{lmsnfd how ufsnlms {fhls~ fmc {s|clms

lc|kfsnom safs lhhlksnxl swfm{nsnom{ nm kfwl okk|w- [s|clms{ if~ gl fddoplc so wlifnm om){nsl nm

owclw so fkkoiudn{a sal{l sf{b{2 aoplxlw$ san{ ulwnoc oh snil i|{s gl mo dom`lw safm fm fccnsnomfd

ho|w ao|w{- [s|clms{ i|{s mos gl f{{n`mlc fccnsnomfd kdnmnkfd wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ fhslw 73 ao|w{ oh

komsnm|o|{ nm)ao|{l c|s~-

‧ C|s~ ao|w{ i|{s gl dninslc so 15 ao|w{ ulw pllb$ fxlwf`lc oxlw f ho|w)pllb ulwnoc$ nmkd|{nxl oh fdd nm)ao|{l kfdd fksnxnsnl{-

‧ [s|clms{ i|{s gl {kalc|dlc how f inmni|i oh oml cf~ hwll oh c|s~ lxlw~ pllb !palm fxlwf`lc

oxlw ho|w pllb{.-

‧ [s|clms{ i|{s mos gl {kalc|dlc how iowl safm {nq kom{lk|snxl mnàs{ oh mnàs hdofs-

‧ [s|clms{ i|{s mos gl {kalc|dlc how nm)ao|{l kfdd iowl hwlv|lmsd~ safm lxlw~ sanwc mnàs !palm

fxlwf`lc oxlw f ho|w)pllb ulwnoc-

‧ Nm |m|{|fd knwk|i{sfmkl{$ {s|clms{$ om salnw opm nmnsnfsnxl$ if~ wlifnm gl~omc salnw {kalc|dlc

ulwnoc oh c|s~ so komsnm|l so uwoxncl kfwl so f {nm`dl ufsnlms- J|{snhnkfsnom{ how {|ka lqslm{nom{ oh

c|s~ fwl dninslc so wlf{om{ oh fkfclink niuowsfmkl oh sal lxlms{ swfm{unwnm`$ ow a|ifmn{snk

fsslmsnom so sal mllc{ oh f ufsnlms ow hfind~-



Xnodfsnom{ oh san{ uodnk~ if~ gl wluowslc so fm~ oh sal hoddopnm`: sal {|ulwxn{nm` wl{nclms ua~{nknfm$ sal

{|ulwxn{nm` fsslmcnm` ua~{nknfm$ sal Kdlwb{anu Cnwlksow$ ow sal Clfm„{ Ohhnkl !K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{$ I|dsn)k|ds|wfdFhhfnw{$ ow [s|clms Fhhfnw{.- Kdlwb{anu Cnwlksow{ pndd wluows om c|s~ ao|w{ so sal KIK$ sawo|`a sal U;KK$ fs dlf{sfmm|fdd~-

Fuuwoxlc g~ sal ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 Koiinssll 6/67/7566

Fuuwoxlc g~ sal K|wwnk|d|i Ifmf`lilms Koiinssll 6/6>/7566

Iocnhnkfsnom oh Wlv|nwlilms{

[s|clms{ pnsa ulw{omfd uwogdli{ !how lqfiudl$ {uo|{l{ dnxnm` nm fmosalw dokfsnom. pao pn{a so iocnh~ fm~ oh salho|w ~lfw{ wlv|nwlilms{ {ao|dc {|gins f pwnsslm wlv|l{s so sal kafnwulw{om oh sal Koiinssll om [s|clmsUwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`- [|ka ulsnsnom{ i|{s fd{o afxl fuuwoxfd hwoi sal fuuwouwnfsl clufwsilmsfdkafnwulw{om fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- San{ |{|fdd~ wlv|nwl{ safs sal {s|clms uwoxncl lxnclmkl safs sal ko|w{l{fwl koiufwfgdl- [s|clms{ swfm{hlwwnm` nmso ^lfw ; fwl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl fdd ^lfw 3 wlv|nwlilms{ fs [fnmsDo|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ Ao{unsfd ow fhhndnfsl{-

San{ uodnk~ col{ mos fuud~ so {s|clms{ pao wlv|l{s fkkoiiocfsnom{ glkf|{l oh cn{fgndnsnl{- Nm sao{l kf{l{$ saluwokl{{l{ fxfndfgdl how {s|clms{ pnsa cn{fgndnsnl{ {ao|dc gl hoddoplc-



Lqfinmfsnom{

[kalc|dnm`

Lqfi [kalc|dl

Sal lqfi {kalc|dl$ f{ u|gdn{alc fs sal gl`nmmnm` oh sal fkfclink ~lfw$ n{ kom{nclwlc hnwi- Aoplxlw$ {ao|dcsalwl gl mllc how kafm`l$ sal hoddopnm` uwoklc|wl pndd fuud~: fm~ kafm`l n{ so gl uwokl{{lc sawo|`a salF{{oknfsl Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i$ pao pndd wlv|nwl ulwsnmlms hfk|ds~ fuuwoxfd glhowl fm~ kafm`l n{ uwokl{{lc-Uwl{nclms{ hwoi sal kdf{{ {ao|dc ulsnsnom sal kdf{{ how fm~ kafm`l{2 sal kdf{{ i|{s xosl om sal kafm`l{- Sallmsnwl kdf{{ i|{s gl mosnhnlc nm fcxfmkl oh sal xosl2 sal ifjowns~ w|dl{ sal clkn{nom- Sal ulsnsnom fmc wl{|ds oh salxosl n{ salm uwl{lmslc so sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i-

NIUOWSFMS: [s|clms{ if~ ulsnsnom sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how kafm`l{ nm f `nxlm {kalc|dl mo dfslw safm ho|wpllb{ glhowl sal {kalc|dlc lqfi- V|fdnhnlc lqklusnom{ pndd gl ifcl omd~ palm fdd ufwsnl{ f`wll so sal kafm`l-

In{{nm` f [kalc|dlc Lqfi

Fm~ {s|clms pao fmsnknufsl{ in{{nm` f {kalc|dlc lqfi ow sl{s how fm~ wlf{om$ g|s ufwsnk|dfwd~ c|l so nddml{{$i|{s mosnh~ sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{ uwnow so sal {kalc|dlc {sfws snil how sal lqfi- Sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clmsFhhfnw{ pndd mosnh~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU.-

[s|clms{ pao in{{ lqfi{ ow sl{s{ pnsao|s afxnm` gllm uwoulwd~ lqk|{lc pndd wlklnxl f hfndnm` {kowl ow `wfcl omsal in{{lc lqfi ow sl{s- Sal ko|w{l cnwlksow pndd wluows san{ lxlms so sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{ safs pndd$ nm s|wm$wluows so sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`-

In{{nm` f ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 MGIL [|gjlks Lqfi {

[s|clms{ pao mllc so sfbl f pwnsslm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 MGIL {|gjlks lqfi om f cfsl ow snil osalw safm safs

{kalc|dlc how sal wosfsnom safs sal~ fwl nm$ i|{s wlv|l{s ulwin{{nom uwnow so sal lqfinmfsnom cfsl hwoi Cw-Pnddnfi Ioosz !ow nm an{ fg{lmkl$ Cw- Jfil{ Pnddiowl.- Ns {ao|dc gl |mclw{sooc safs ulwin{{nom pndd omd~ gl`wfmslc om wfwl okkf{nom{ {|ka f{ lilw`lmknl{$ nddml{{$ lsk-

Wl)lqfinmfsnom{

How sao{l ko|w{l{ panka ohhlw wl)lqfinmfsnom{ how {s|clms{ pao afxl hfndlc f sl{s$ san{ lxlms {ao|dc gl{kalc|dlc fs f snil panka col{ mos komhdnks pnsa wl`|dfwd~ {kalc|dlc k|wwnk|dfw ohhlwnm`{-



\mnslc [sfsl{ Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom{ !\[IDL.

[kaood oh Ilcnknml Wlv|nwlilms: Fdd {s|clms{ i|{s wlkowc f uf{{nm` {kowl om [slu 6 fmc [slu 7)KB ohsal \mnslc [sfsl{ Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom !\[IDL. fmc sfbl [slu 7)K[ f{ f wlv|nwlilms how uwoiosnomfmc `wfc|fsnom-

\[IDL [slu 6: [s|clms{ i|{s wlkowc f uf{{nm` {kowl nm owclw so komsnm|l salnw ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 {s|cnl{- Fhfndnm` {kowl pndd gl wlxnlplc g~ sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU. pao pnddclslwinml h|wsalw fksnom{-

Lhhlksnxl Clkliglw 7557: f hfndlc sanwc fsslius fs fkanlxnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl pndd gl kom{nclwlc g~ sal K[UUUf{ `wo|mc{ how cn{in{{fd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Omd~ nm lqklusnomfd knwk|i{sfmkl{ pndd f {s|clms glfddoplc fm fccnsnomfd kafmkl- Palm fm fccnsnomfd ouuows|mns~ n{ clknclc g~ sal K[UUU$ san{ clkn{nom i|{s glkoii|mnkfslc so sal Clfm glhowl sal {s|clms n{ nmhowilc- Sal Clfm pndd wlxnlp sal clkn{nom pln`anm` palsalwsal knwk|i{sfmkl{ ilwns fm fccnsnomfd ouuows|mns~- Sal Clfm{ clkn{nom komklwmnm` sal fccnsnomfd fsslius pndd glhnmfd-

\[IDL [slu 7: [s|clms{ i|{s wlkowc f uf{{nm` {kowl om [slu 7)KB !Kdnmnkfd Bmopdlc`l. fmc sfbl [slu 7)K[ !Kdnmnkfd [bndd{. glhowl `wfc|fsnm` hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- F hfndnm` {kowl om [slu 7)KB pndd gl wlxnlplcg~ sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU. pao pndd clslwinml h|wsalw fksnom{- Fhfndlc sanwc fsslius fs fkanlxnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl om [slu 7)KB pndd gl kom{nclwlc g~ sal K[UUU f{ `wo|mc{ howcn{in{{fd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Sninm` oh [slu 7)KB: [s|clms{ i|{s sfbl [slu 7)KB mo dfslw safm Jfm|fw~ ;6 so gl ldn`ngdl soufwsnknufsl nm sal MWIU Ifska safs fmmo|mkl{ wl{|ds{ nm Ifwka oh safs {fil ~lfw- [s|clms{ pao co mos sfbl[slu 7)KB g~ Jfm|fw~ ;6 pndd afxl salnw mfil wlioxlc hwoi sal MWIU-

Oxlwxnlp oh \[IDL Lqfinmfsnom{

Sal Hlclwfsnom oh [sfsl Ilcnkfd Gofwc{ oh sal \mnslc [sfsl{ !H[IG.$ sal Mfsnomfd Gofwc oh Ilcnkfd Lqfinmlw{!MGIL.$ fmc sal Lc|kfsnomfd Koiin{{nom how Howln`m Ilcnkfd @wfc|fsl{ !LKHI@. afxl l{sfgdn{alc f {nm`dl$

; {slu lqfinmfsnom how ilcnkfd dnklm{|wl nm sal \mnslc [sfsl{- Sal \mnslc [sfsl{ Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom!\[IDL. uwoxncl{ f koiiom lxfd|fsnom {~{sli f`fnm{s panka so ilf{|wl bmopdlc`l fmc koiulslmkl ohfuudnkfms{ how ilcnkfd dnklm{|wl-

[slu 6 f{{l{{l{ palsalw fm lqfinmll |mclw{sfmc{ fmc kfm fuud~ bl~ komklus{ oh gf{nk gnoilcnkfd {knlmkl$pnsa fm liuaf{n{ om uwnmknudl{ fmc ilkafmn{i{ oh alfdsa$ cn{lf{l$ fmc iocl{ oh salwfu~- Sal lqfinmfsnomnmkd|cl{ i|dsnudl)kaonkl v|l{snom{ om Fmfsoi~$ Glafxnowfd [knlmkl{$ Gnokalin{sw~$ Inkwognodo`~$ Ufsaodo`~$Uafwifkodo`~$ fmc Ua~{nodo`~$ f{ pldd f{ nmslwcn{knudnmfw~ sounk{ {|ka f{ m|swnsnom$ `lmlsnk{$ fmc f`nm`-

[slu 7)KB f{{l{{l{ palsalw fm lqfinmll |mclw{sfmc{ fmc kfm fuud~ sal ilcnkfd bmopdlc`l fmc|mclw{sfmcnm` oh kdnmnkfd {knlmkl kom{nclwlc l{{lmsnfd how sal uwoxn{nom oh ufsnlms kfwl |mclw {|ulwxn{nom$nmkd|cnm` liuaf{n{ om alfdsa uwoiosnom fmc cn{lf{l uwlxlmsnom- Sal lqfinmfsnom nmkd|cl{ i|dsnudl)kaonkl



v|l{snom{ om Nmslwmfd Ilcnknml$ Og{slswnk{ fmc @~mlkodo`~$ Ulcnfswnk{$ Uwlxlmsnxl Ilcnknml fmc U|gdnk Alfdsa$U{~kanfsw~$ [|w`lw~$ fmc osalw fwlf{ wldlxfms so uwoxn{nom oh kfwl |mclw {|ulwxn{nom- Ns n{ cl{n`mlc so gl fgwofcd~ gf{lc$ nmsl`wfslc lqfinmfsnom- Sal ifjowns~ oh sl{s v|l{snom{ cl{kwngl kdnmnkfd {ns|fsnom{ fmc wlv|nwl sallqfinmll so uwoxncl f cnf`mo{n{$ f uwo`mo{n{$ fm nmcnkfsnom oh |mclwd~nm` ilkafmn{i{ oh cn{lf{l$ ow sal mlqs{slu nm ilcnkfd kfwl$ nmkd|cnm` uwlxlmsnxl ilf{|wl{-

[slu 7)K[ f{{l{{l{ palsalw fm lqfinmll kfm cliom{swfsl sal h|mcfilmsfd kdnmnkfd {bndd{ l{{lmsnfd how {fhlfmc lhhlksnxl ufsnlms kfwl |mclw {|ulwxn{nom- Sal{l kdnmnkfd {bndd{ nmkd|cl sfbnm` f wldlxfms ilcnkfd an{sow~$ulwhowinm` fm fuuwouwnfsl ua~{nkfd lqfinmfsnom$ koii|mnkfsnm` lhhlksnxld~ pnsa sal ufsnlms$ kdlfwd~ fmcfkk|wfsld~ cok|ilmsnm` sal hnmcnm`{ fmc cnf`mo{snk a~uosal{l{ hwoi sal kdnmnkfd lmko|mslw$ fmc owclwnm`fuuwouwnfsl nmnsnfd cnf`mo{snk {s|cnl{-

[slu 7)K[ |{l{ {sfmcfwcnzlc ufsnlms{$ n-l-$ uloudl swfnmlc so uowswf~ wlfd ufsnlms{- Lqfinmll{ fwl lqulkslc sol{sfgdn{a wfuuows pnsa sal {sfmcfwcnzlc ufsnlms{$ ldnkns ulwsnmlms an{sownkfd nmhowifsnom hwoi sali$ ulwhowi hok|{lcua~{nkfd lqfinmfsnom{$ fm{plw v|l{snom{$ fmc uwoxncl ko|m{ldnm` palwl fuuwouwnfsl- Fhslw lfka nmslwfksnom pnsaf {sfmcfwnzlc ufsnlms$ lqfinmll{ wlkowc ulwsnmlms an{sow~ fmc ua~{nkfd lqfinmfsnom hnmcnm`{$ dn{s cnf`mo{snkniuwl{{nom{$ fmc o|sdnml udfm{ how h|wsalw lxfd|fsnom$ nh mlkl{{fw~- Sal kf{l{ koxlw koiiom fmc niuowsfms{ns|fsnom{ safs f ua~{nknfm n{ dnbld~ so lmko|mslw nm f `lmlwfd fig|dfsow~ {lssnm`-

Sal \[IDL n{ sal omd~ ufsapf~ fxfndfgdl how dnklm{|wl- Sal hll how sal lqfinmfsnom n{ fcj|{slc ulwnocnkfdd~-Dfsl hll{ fwl f{{l{{lc g~ sal \[IDL palm fuudnkfgdl- Fuudnkfsnom{ fwl fxfndfgdl omd~ om sal plg fsassu://ppp-mgil-ow`- Sal koiudlslc fuudnkfsnom kfm gl {|ginsslc so sal Mfsnomfd Gofwc f{ lfwd~ f{ {nq iomsa{glhowl sal cl{nwlc sl{snm` cfsl-

Uwoklc|wl{ Wl`fwcnm` Hfnd|wl fmc Wlsfbl oh \[IDL [slu 6 ow [slu 7

Nm fccnsnom so {|kkl{{h|d koiudlsnom oh fdd ^lfw 7 ko|w{lpowb$ {s|clms{ i|{s fd{o uf{{ [slu 6 oh sal \[IDLglhowl sal~ if~ gl uwoioslc so ^lfw ; oh sal k|wwnk|d|i-

Nm owclw so hfkndnsfsl snild~ nmnsnfsnom oh ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 kdlwb{anu{$ sal hoddopnm` uwokl{{ pndd gl |{lc:

Hnw{s fsslius fs [slu 6: [s|clms{ fwl ldn`ngdl so gl`nm salnw hnw{s ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 kdlwb{anu omkl sal~ afxl {|kkl{{h|dd~ koiudlslc fddko|w{lpowb oh ^lfw 7 fmc afxl f {kowl ulmcnm` how [slu 6 oh sal \[IDL- [s|clms{ pao wlklnxl mosnhnkfsnomsafs sal~ afxl hfndlc \[IDL [slu6 om f hnw{s fsslius pndd gl fddoplc so koiudlsl salnw k|wwlms kdlwb{anu$ nh sal~{o kaoo{l$ g|s if~ uwokllc mo h|wsalw nm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 |msnd sal~ afxl fssliuslc \[IDL [slu 6 how f{lkomc snil-

[lkomc fmc Sanwc fsslius{ fs [slu 6: [s|clms{ pao fsslius \[IDL [slu 6 f {lkomc snil pndd gl fddoplc so gl`nm f kdlwb{anu ow ko|w{l omkl sal~afxl f {kowl wluows ulmcnm` how sal {lkomc fsslius- Sal K[UUU pndd clslwinml om f kf{l) g~)kf{l gf{n{palsalw san{ pndd gl f kowl kdlwb{anu ow fm ldlksnxl kdlwb{anu ow ko|w{l- [|ka cldnglwfsnom{ g~ sal K[UUU pnddsfbl nmso kom{nclwfsnom sal {s|clms„{ lmsnwl fkfclink ulwhowifmkl wlkowc- Sal clkn{nom oh sal K[UUU n{ hnmfd-[s|clms{ pao wlklnxl mosnhnkfsnom safs sal~ afxl hfndlc \[IDL [slu6 om f {lkomc fsslius pndd gl fddoplc so

http://www.nbme.org/





koiudlsl salnw k|wwlms kdlwb{anu ow ko|w{l$ nh sal~ {o kaoo{l$ g|s if~ uwokllc mo h|wsalw nm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3|msnd$ fmc |mdl{{$ f uf{{nm` {kowl wluows how sal sanwc fsslius af{ gllm wlklnxlc g~ sal [kaood-

Fdd {s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu 6 ow [slu 7 i|{s wlulfs sal lqfinmfsnom fmc fwl wl{uom{ngdl how ogsfnmnm` salfuudnkfsnom howi hwoi assu://ppp-|{idl-ow`- [s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu{ pndd gl komsfkslc g~ sal {kaood fmcwlv|nwlc so ills pnsa sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`-

[s|clms{ pao wlsfbl \[IDL [slu 6 fmc pao i|{s wlfwwfm`l salnw ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 !^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3.{kalc|dl{ {ao|dc co {o sawo|`a sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{-

http://www.usmle.org/






@wfcl [~{sli

@wfcl{ kom{sns|sl omd~ oml ufws oh sal {s|clms ulwhowifmkl wlkowc {~{sli- Osalw ldlilms{ nmkd|cl pwnsslm

lxfd|fsnom{ nm sal howi oh mfwwfsnxl {sfslilms{ hwoi nmcnxnc|fd kdnmnkfd wosfsnom{ f{ pldd f{ {kowl{ om \[IDLlqfinmfsnom{- Sal {s|clms ulwhowifmkl wlkowc n{ |{lc so `|ncl sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmcUwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU.$ so fcxn{l {s|clms{$ fmc so pwnsl sal Ilcnkfd [s|clms Ulwhowifmkl Lxfd|fsnom!I[UL. how wl{nclmk~ udfklilms-

[s|clms{ fwl `wfclc om f ho|w)snlw {~{sli: Aomow{ !A.$ Mlfw Aomow{ !MA.$ Uf{{ !U.$ fmc Hfnd !H.- Sal hoddopnm`slqs {|iifwnzl{ sal {ls oh @WFCL[ fmc FCINMN[SWFSNXL [^IGOD[ |{lc g~ sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

@wfcl{

^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 !how kdf{{l{ lmslwnm` fhslw 7551.

[s|clms{ fwl `wfclc om f sawll)snlw {~{sli: Uf{{ !U.$ Hfnd !H.$ Nmkoiudlsl !N.

‧ Uf{{ !U.: [s|clms{ pao lfwm sal `wfcl oh Uf{{ !U. afxl {|kkl{{h|dd~ ils sal ko|w{lwlv|nwlilms{-

‧ Hfnd !H.: Sal `wfcl oh Hfnd !H. cl{n`mfsl{ f {s|clms ulwhowifmkl safs col{ mos ills inmni|i{sfmcfwc{ how sal ko|w{l !{ll Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc Clhlwwlc Ulwhowifmkl Dlxld{.- Fhfndnm` ulwhowifmkl wlv|nwl{ wlilcnfsnom f{ jonmsd~ clslwinmlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`- Wlilcnfsnom n{ wlkoiilmclc g~ salko|w{l cnwlksow fmc if~$ g|s col{ mos mlkl{{fwnd~ wlv|nwl$ ko|w{l wlulsnsnom- Fdd H{ fwlulwifmlms fmc fuulfw om sal {s|clms{ swfm{kwnus- Palm fm H `wfcl n{ {|kkl{{h|dd~ wlilcnfslc nmsal {fil fkfclink ~lfw sal `wfcl pndd fuulfw om sal swfm{kwnus f{ H/U- Fccnsnomfdd~$ salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` if~ wlkoiilmc kafm`l{ nm `wfclwlilcnfsnom wlv|nwlilms{ how {s|clms{ afxnm` fkfclink uwogdli{ nm i|dsnudl ko|w{l{-

‧ Nmkoiudlsl !N.: Wlv|nwlc ko|w{l powb af{ mos gllm koiudlslc !l-`-$ c|l so lqk|{lc fg{lmkl owfm nddml{{.$ ow af{ mos gllm {fsn{hfksownd~ koiudlslc !l-`-$ c|l so |mlqk|{lc fg{lmkl ow ifw`nmfdulwhowifmkl om lqfinmfsnom{ fmc osalw ko|w{l wlv|nwlilms{.- Sal K[UUU pndd gl mosnhnlc ohknwk|i{sfmkl{ fsslmcfms so sal f{{n`milms oh sal Nmkoiudlsl- Omkl ko|w{l powb af{ gllmkoiudlslc sal `wfcl oh Nmkoiudlsl !N. if~ kafm`l so Uf{{ !U. ow Hfnd !H.- Fm~ ko|w{l how pankapowb n{ mos koiudlslc pndd ulwifmlmsd~ {aop fm Nmkoiudlsl !N. om sal {s|clms swfm{kwnus-

‧ Pnsacwfpfd !P.: Pnsacwlp hwoi f ko|w{l uwnow so clslwinmfsnom oh uf{{nm` ow hfndnm`-



^lfw{ ; fmc 3

[s|clms{ fwl `wfclc om f hnxl)snlw {~{sli: Aomow{ !A.$ Mlfw Aomow{ !MA.$ Uf{{ !U.$ Hfnd !H.$ Nmkoiudlsl!N.-

Sal hoddopnm` `wfcl {~{sli n{ |{lc how sal ohhnknfd [kaood oh Ilcnknml fkfclink swfm{kwnus- How {s|clms{afxnm` koiudlslc sal ko|w{l:

‧ Aomow{ !A.: [aop{ moslpowsa~ ulwhowifmkl$ panka cnhhlwlmsnfsl{ sal o|s{sfmcnm` {s|clms hwoiio{s osalw iliglw{ oh sal kdf{{ ow wosfsnom- \u so 7<, oh {s|clms{ if~ lfwm sal `wfcl ohAomow{ !A. nm f ko|w{l ow wosfsnom-

‧ Mlfw Aomow{ !MA.: San{ `wfcl n{ |{lc so koii|mnkfsl fm lqklddlms$ g|s mos Aomow{ v|fdns~ulwhowifmkl- \u so 7<, oh {s|clms{ if~ lfwm sal `wfcl oh Mlfw Aomow{ !MA. nm f ko|w{l owwosfsnom-

‧ Uf{{ !U.: [s|clms{ pao lfwm sal `wfcl oh Uf{{ !U. afxl {|kkl{{h|dd~ ils sal ko|w{lwlv|nwlilms{ fmc co mos lqangns {ulknfd {swlm`sa{ ow clhnknlmknl{-

‧ Hfnd !H.: Sal `wfcl oh Hfnd !H. cl{n`mfsl{ f {s|clms ulwhowifmkl safs col{ mos ills inmni|i

{sfmcfwc{ how sal ko|w{l !{ll Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc Clhlwwlc Ulwhowifmkl Dlxld{.- Fhfndnm` ulwhowifmkl wlv|nwl{ wlilcnfsnom f{ jonmsd~ clslwinmlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`- Wlilcnfsnom n{ wlkoiilmclc g~ salko|w{l cnwlksow fmc if~$ g|s col{ mos mlkl{{fwnd~ wlv|nwl$ ko|w{l wlulsnsnom- Fdd H{ fwlulwifmlms fmc fuulfw om sal {s|clms{ swfm{kwnus- Palm fm H `wfcl n{ {|kkl{{h|dd~ wlilcnfslc nmsal {fil fkfclink ~lfw sal `wfcl pndd fuulfw om sal swfm{kwnus f{ H/U- Fccnsnomfdd~$ salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` if~ wlkoiilmc kafm`l{ nm `wfclwlilcnfsnom wlv|nwlilms{ how {s|clms{ afxnm` fkfclink uwogdli{ nm i|dsnudl ko|w{l{-

‧ Nmkoiudlsl !N.: Wlv|nwlc ko|w{l powb af{ mos gllm koiudlslc !l-`-$ c|l so lqk|{lc fg{lmkl owfm nddml{{.$ ow af{ mos gllm {fsn{hfksownd~ koiudlslc !l-`-$ c|l so |mlqk|{lc fg{lmkl ow ifw`nmfdulwhowifmkl om lqfinmfsnom{ fmc osalw ko|w{l wlv|nwlilms{.- Hfnd|wl oh sal MGIL [|gjlksLqfinmfsnom sfblm nm sal {lxlm wlv|nwlc kdlwb{anu{ pndd wl{|ds nm sal f|soifsnk f{{n`milms oh fmNmkoiudlsl !N.- Sal K[UUU pndd gl mosnhnlc oh knwk|i{sfmkl{ fsslmcfms so sal f{{n`milms oh salNmkoiudlsl- Omkl ko|w{l powb af{ gllm koiudlslc sal `wfcl oh Nmkoiudlsl !N. if~ kafm`l soUf{{ !U. ow Hfnd !H.- Fm~ ko|w{l how panka powb n{ mos koiudlslc pndd ulwifmlmsd~ {aop fmNmkoiudlsl !N. om sal {s|clms swfm{kwnus-

Salwl fwl f hlp ko|w{l{ nm ^lfw 3 safs fwl `wfclc om f sawll)snlw {~{sli: Uf{{ !U.$ Hfnd !H.$ Nmkoiudlsl!N.-

How {s|clms{ pao pnsacwfp glhowl koiudlsnm` sal ko|w{l:

‧ Pnsacwfpfd !P.: Pnsacwlp hwoi f ko|w{l uwnow so clslwinmfsnom oh uf{{nm` ow hfndnm` {sfs|{-



^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 !how kdf{{l{ lmslwnm` glhowl 755>.

[s|clms{ fwl `wfclc om f ho|w)snlw {~{sli: Aomow{ !A.$ Mlfw Aomow{ !MA.$ Uf{{ !U.$ fmc Hfnd !H.-

Sal hoddopnm` `wfcl {~{sli n{ |{lc how sal ohhnknfd [kaood oh Ilcnknml fkfclink swfm{kwnus- How {s|clms{afxnm` koiudlslc sal ko|w{l:

‧ Aomow{ !A.: [aop{ moslpowsa~ ulwhowifmkl$ panka cnhhlwlmsnfsl{ sal o|s{sfmcnm` {s|clms hwoiio{s osalw iliglw{ oh sal kdf{{ ow wosfsnom- \u so 7<, oh {s|clms{ if~ lfwm sal `wfcl ohAomow{ !A. nm f ko|w{l ow wosfsnom-

‧ Mlfw Aomow{ !MA.: San{ `wfcl n{ |{lc so koii|mnkfsl fm lqklddlms$ g|s mos Aomow{ v|fdns~ulwhowifmkl- \u so 6<, oh {s|clms{ if~ lfwm sal `wfcl oh Mlfw Aomow{ !MA. nm f ko|w{l owwosfsnom-

‧ Uf{{ !U.: [s|clms{ pao lfwm sal `wfcl oh Uf{{ !U. afxl {|kkl{{h|dd~ ils sal ko|w{lwlv|nwlilms{ fmc co mos lqangns {ulknfd {swlm`sa{ ow clhnknlmknl{-

‧ Hfnd !H.: Sal `wfcl oh Hfnd !H. cl{n`mfsl{ f {s|clms ulwhowifmkl safs col{ mos ills inmni|i{sfmcfwc{ how sal ko|w{l !{ll Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc Clhlwwlc Ulwhowifmkl Dlxld{.- F

hfndnm` ulwhowifmkl wlv|nwl{ wlilcnfsnom f{ jonmsd~ clslwinmlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`- Wlilcnfsnom n{ wlkoiilmclc g~ salko|w{l cnwlksow fmc if~$ g|s col{ mos mlkl{{fwnd~ wlv|nwl$ ko|w{l wlulsnsnom- Fdd H{ fwlulwifmlms fmc fuulfw om sal {s|clms{ swfm{kwnus- Palm fm H `wfcl n{ {|kkl{{h|dd~ wlilcnfslc nmsal {fil fkfclink ~lfw sal `wfcl pndd fuulfw om sal swfm{kwnus f{ H/U- Fccnsnomfdd~$ salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` if~ wlkoiilmc kafm`l{ nm `wfclwlilcnfsnom wlv|nwlilms{ how {s|clms{ afxnm` fkfclink uwogdli{ nm i|dsnudl ko|w{l{-

How {s|clms{ pao pnsacwfp glhowl koiudlsnm` sal ko|w{l:

‧ Pnsacwfpfd !P.: Pnsacwlp hwoi f ko|w{l uwnow so clslwinmfsnom oh uf{{nm` ow hfndnm` {sfs|{-

FCINMN[SWFSNXL [^IGOD[ !How kdf{{l{ lmslwnm` glhowl F^ 7566)7567.

Fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod{ fwl |{lc how SLIUOWFW^ fcinmn{swfsnxl u|wuo{l{ omd~- Sal~ fwl mos `wfcl{-Sal{l {~igod{ pndd fuulfw om sal {s|clms{ `wfcl wluows g|s mos om sal ulwifmlms swfm{kwnus |mdl{{ fko|w{l af{ mos gllm koiudlslc fmc f `wfcl f{{n`mlc-

‧ Nmkoiudlsl !N.: Wlv|nwlc ko|w{l powb af{ mos gllm koiudlslc !l-`-$ ufulw mos ~ls s|wmlc nm$ lqfiin{{lc glkf|{l oh nddml{{-. Hnmfd `wfcl if~ gl A$ MA$ U$ ow H-

‧ Clhlwwlc !C.: Ulwhowi{ fs f dlxld palwl salwl n{ co|gs safs sal {s|clms af{ fkanlxlc fclv|fslkoiulslmkl nm sal cn{knudnml !{ll {lksnom gldop) Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc ClhlwwlcUlwhowifmkl Dlxld{.- San{ n{ f sliuowfw~ lxfd|fsnom$ panka i|{s gl kafm`lc so f U ow fm H om



sal {s|clms{ ulwifmlms wlkowc fhslw fccnsnomfd wlv|nwlilms{ {|hhnknlms so wl{odxl sal co|gs afxlgllm koiudlslc- Wlioxfd oh sal C n{ so gl koiudlslc pnsanm f uwl{kwnglc snil hwfil-

Salwl fwl {lxlwfd pf~{ so wl{odxl sal co|gs oh f C ulwhowifmkl$ nmkd|cnm` !g|s mos dninslc so.: sfbnm` fmosalwlqfinmfsnom$ pwnsnm` f ufulw$ ow wlulfsnm` f uowsnom oh f ko|w{l- Sal fccnsnomfd wlv|nwlilms i|{s gl{fsn{hfksownd~ koiudlslc glhowl sal {sfws oh sal mlqs fkfclink ~lfw- Sal hnmfd `wfcl {ao|dc lnsalw gl f U ow fm H-

Sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` if~ wlkoiilmc kafm`l{ nm `wfcl wlilcnfsnomwlv|nwlilms{ how {s|clms{ afxnm` fkfclink uwogdli{ nm i|dsnudl ko|w{l{-

Kafm`l{ fuuwoxlc g~ sal K|wwnk|d|i Ifmf`lilms Koiinssll$ If~ 61$ 7566-

Clslwinmfsnom oh Hfndnm` fmc Nmkoiudlsl Ulwhowifmkl Dlxld{ nm sal Kowl Kdlwb{anu{

Hnmfd {kowl{ doplw safm 7-< {sfmcfwc clxnfsnom{ gldop sal ilfm pndd lfwm sal `wfcl oh Hfnd- Nm wfwlknwk|i{sfmkl{ sal fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod Nmkoiudlsl if~ gl |{lc- Nh f hfndnm` `wfcl n{ mos fpfwclc$ sal ko|w{low kdlwb{anu cnwlksow i|{s j|{snh~ sal |{l oh fm fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod so sal uaf{l cnwlksow- Nh sal ko|w{l/kdlwb{anufmc uaf{l cnwlksow co mos f`wll om sal `wfcl ow fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod$ sal n{{|l pndd gl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clmsF{{l{{ilms Koiinssll how f hnmfd clslwinmfsnom-

Nm lqklusnomfd knwk|i{sfmkl{$ f hnmfd {kowl an`alw safm 7-5 {sfmcfwc clxnfsnom{ gldop sal ilfm if~ wl{|ds nm f`wfcl oh Hfnd- [|ka knwk|i{sfmkl{ po|dc wlv|nwl f cn{k|{{nom glspllm sal ko|w{l/kdlwb{anu cnwlksow fmc uaf{lcnwlksow- Nh sal ko|w{l/kdlwb{anu fmc uaf{l cnwlksow co mos f`wll om sal `wfcl ow fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod$ sal n{{|lpndd gl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clms F{{l{{ilms Koiinssll how f hnmfd clslwinmfsnom-

Hnmfd {kowl{ glspllm 7-5 fmc 7-< {sfmcfwc clxnfsnom{ gldop sal ilfm if~ lfwm sal `wfcl{ oh Uf{{ ow Hfnd- Nmfccnsnom$ hnmfd {kowl{ nm san{ wfm`l if~ gl f{{n`mlc sal fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod Nmkoiudlsl- Sal cl{n`mfsnom oh`wfcl{ how {kowl{ glspllm 7-5 fmc 7-< {sfmcfwc clxnfsnom{ gldop sal ilfm wlv|nwl cn{k|{{nom glspllm salko|w{l/kdlwb{anu cnwlksow fmc uaf{l cnwlksow- Nh sal ko|w{l/kdlwb{anu fmc uaf{l cnwlksow co mos f`wll om sal`wfcl ow fcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod$ sal n{{|l pndd gl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clms F{{l{{ilms Koiinssll how f hnmfdclslwinmfsnom-

@wfcl Fuulfd{

[s|clms{ if~ fuulfd `wfcl{ safs fwl lfwmlc how nmcnxnc|fd ko|w{l{ ow kdlwb{anu{- Fuulfd{ fwl ifcl so salF{{oknfsl Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i$ pao pndd nmxl{sn`fsl sal ifsslw fmc n{{|l f hnmfd clkn{nom-

@|ncldnml{ how Hfk|ds~ Wl`fwcnm` sal @wfcnm` [~{sli

Cn{swng|snom oh `wfcl{ nm lfka ko|w{l n{ lqulkslc so gl nm koiudnfmkl pnsa sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml `wfcnm`uodnk~- Fdd `wfcl{ i|{s gl wlxnlplc fmc fuuwoxlc g~ sal uaf{l cnwlksow uwnow so {|gin{{nom so FkfclinkWlkowc{- Fm~ clxnfsnom{ hwoi sal `wfcnm` uodnk~ i|{s gl {ulknhnkfdd~ fuuwoxlc g~ sal uaf{l cnwlksow- Nhf`wllilms g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc uaf{l cnwlksow kfmmos gl wlfkalc om f{{n`milms oh `wfcl{$ sal n{{|l pnddgl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clms F{{l{{ilms Koiinssll how f hnmfd clslwinmfsnom-



Fhslw `wfcl{ afxl gllm {|ginsslc so Fkfclink Wlkowc{$ nmcnxnc|fd `wfcl{ kfmmos gl kafm`lc g~ sal ko|w{lcnwlksow pnsao|s sal fuuwoxfd oh sal uaf{l cnwlksow- Nh f`wllilms g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc uaf{l cnwlksow om salkafm`l oh `wfcl kfmmos gl wlfkalc$ sal n{{|l pndd gl wlhlwwlc so sal [s|clms F{{l{{ilms Koiinssll how f hnmfdclslwinmfsnom-

Slqs nm {~ddfgn fmc xlwgfd koii|mnkfsnom so {s|clms{ fgo|s `wfcnm` nm nmcnxnc|fd ko|w{l{ i|{s gl kom{n{slms pnsa

sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml `wfcnm` uodnk~-

@wfcl Wluows{

Ko|w{l ow |mns cnwlksow{ fwl wlv|nwlc so ifbl lqfi {kowl{$ `wfcl{$ fmc mfwwfsnxl {sfslilms{ fxfndfgdl so{s|clms{ f{ {oom f{ hlf{ngdl- Lqfi {kowl wluows{ {ao|dc nmkd|cl sal ilfm fmc {sfmcfwc clxnfsnom how sal lqfi-Hnmfd `wfcl wluows{ {ao|dc nmkd|cl kdf{{ wfmb- Sal F{{oknfsl Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i i|{s gl nmhowilc nh `wfcl{pndd mos gl fxfndfgdl pnsanm ho|w pllb{ oh f koiudlslc |mns ow kdnmnkfd wosfsnom- Nh mo `wfcl{ fwl fxfndfgdl fhslw {nqpllb{ oh f koiudlslc |mns wlv|nwnm` f `wfcl$ sal n{{|l pndd gl kom{nclwlc g~ sal K|wwnk|d|i Ifmf`lilmsKoiinssll- Hnmfd `wfcl wluows{ how lfka kdf{{ fwl n{{|lc g~ sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{ fs sal lmc oh lfkafkfclink ~lfw-



Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~

Oxlwxnlp

[s|clms{ p nsa Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~

Clhnmnsnom oh Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~: Fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ {afdd nmkd|cl$ g|s n{ mos dninslc so: wlklnus oh f `wfcl owfcinmn{swfsnxl {~igod oh N ow H2 mfwwfsnxl {sfslilms{ wlhdlksnxl oh nmfuuwouwnfsl glafxnowfd ow nmslwulw{omfdkafwfkslwn{snk{ !l-`-$ nmfuuwouwnfsl koiilms{ so ufsnlms{ ow salnw hfindnl{.-

Uwoklc|wl: Fhslw ko|w{l cnwlksow{ wluows {s|clms fkfclink ulwhowifmkl wl{|ds{ so sal Cnwlksow oh FkfclinkWlkowc{$ f wluows pndd gl uwlufwlc how wlxnlp g~ sal K[UUU- Sal koiinssll pndd |{l san{ wluows so wlxnlpfkfclink ulwhowifmkl fmc nclmsnh~ {s|clms{ lqulwnlmknm` fm~ fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~- Sal K[UUU$ fhslw komhlwwnm`nmcnxnc|fdd~ pnsa sal {s|clms{ fmc nm kom{|dsfsnom pnsa sal ko|w{l cnwlksow{$ pndd clslwinml fmc fcxn{l {s|clms{ nmpwnsnm` oh sal fuuwouwnfsl ilsaoc oh wlilcnfsnom- Wlilcnfsnom in`as nmkd|cl$ g|s n{ mos dninslc so: wl)lqfinmfsnom$ wlulfsnm` f ko|w{l$ ow wlulfsnm` f uowsnom oh ow fm lmsnwl fkfclink ~lfw- Nm wl{odxnm` v|l{snom{ ohfkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ ow wlilcnfsnom$ sal K[UUU if~ wlxnlp fm~ wlkowc{ ns j|c`l{ so gl mlkl{{fw~ fmc nmslwxnlpfm~ ulw{om pao if~ afxl nmhowifsnom safs if~ gl alduh|d nm lxfd|fsnm` f {s|clms{ uwo`wl{{-

[s|clms Cn{in{{fd

F {s|clms if~ gl cn{in{{lc hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml nh sal K[UUU ow [UKK clslwinml{ safs sal if`mns|cloh sal {s|clms{ fkfclink clhnknlmk~ n{ |mfkklusfgdl !l-`- i|dsnudl N{$ H{$ ow |m{|kkl{{h|d wlilcnfsnom oh fhfndnm` `wfcl.$ sal {s|clms hfnd{ so ifnmsfnm {fsn{hfksow~ uwo`wl{{$ ow sal {s|clms wlkowc komsfnm{ {|g{sfmsnfslcwluows{ oh nmfuuwouwnfsl glafxnow$ ow glafxnow safs col{ mos ills sal Slkamnkfd ow Uwohl{{nomfd [sfmcfwc{ oh salIC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi$ wl{ulksnxld~- Sal {s|clms n{ wlv|nwlc so ills pnsa sal K[UUU so cn{k|{{ sal fkfclinkclhnknlmknl{ nclmsnhnlc$ ow sal [UKK nh nmfuuwouwnfsl glafxnow n{ sal n{{|l- Nh f clkn{nom how cn{in{{fd n{ ifcl g~ fifjowns~ xosl oh sal iliglw{ oh sal K[UUU ow [UKK$ san{ fksnom {afdd gl koii|mnkfslc nm pwnsnm` g~ salkafnwulw{om oh sal wl{ulksnxl koiinssll so sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Nh f clkn{nom how cn{in{{fd n{ mos|mfmnio|{$ f {lufwfsl pwnsslm inmowns~ ounmnom pndd fd{o gl uwoxnclc so sal Clfm- Nh sal Clfm f`wll{ pnsa sal

clkn{nom how cn{in{{fd$ sal Clfm pndd n{{|l f cn{in{{fd dlsslw so sal {s|clms2 osalwpn{l sal ifsslw pndd gl wlhlwwlcgfkb so sal K[UUU ow [UKK how h|wsalw cn{k|{{nom- Nm kf{l{ palwl salwl n{ mo {fsn{hfksow~ wl{od|snom glspllmsal K[UUU ow [UKK fmc sal Clfm$ sal Clfm{ clkn{nom pndd uwlxfnd-

[s|clms Fuulfd

Sal {s|clms if~ fuulfd sal cn{in{{fd so sal Clfm oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml pnsanm hnxl !<. powbnm` cf~{ oh sal{s|clms{ wlklnus oh pwnsslm mosnhnkfsnom oh sal clkn{nom- Sal fuulfd i|{s gl nm pwnsnm` fmc komsfnm f {sfslilms ohsal wlf{om{ sal {s|clms gldnlxl{ safs sal clkn{nom oh cn{in{{fd {ao|dc gl pnsacwfpm ow iocnhnlc- Sal Clfm {afdd{|gins sal fuulfd so sal Fuulfd{ Ko|mknd !FK. fdom` pnsa sal K[UUU{ ow [UKK{ clkn{nom- Sal {s|clms pnddwlklnxl pwnsslm mosnkl oh sal cfsl safs sal FK pndd ills om sal fuulfd- Sal FK pndd wlxnlp sal nmhowifsnomwlklnxlc hwoi sal Clfm fmc if~ wlv|l{s sal fsslmcfmkl oh sal {s|clms ow osalw ulw{om{ fmc if~ afxl fkkl{{



so fm~ wlkowc{ safs ns clli{ mlkl{{fw~ so f{{n{s sal FK nm wlmclwnm` f clkn{nom- Sal cn{in{{fd {afdd gl{|{sfnmlc nh f ifjowns~ oh sal FK hnmc{ safs salwl n{ {|hhnknlms lxnclmkl oh fkfclink clhnknlmk~ so {|uuows salclkn{nom- Nh sal FK wlxlw{l{ sal nmnsnfd cn{in{{fd clkn{nom$ sal {s|clms i|{s gl wlnm{sfslc- Fs san{ uonms$ salK[UUU ow [UKK pndd kom{nclw fksnom{ osalw safm cn{in{{fd- H|s|wl fcxlw{l clkn{nom{ g~ sal K[UUU ow [UKKpndd wlv|nwl safs fccnsnomfd nmhowifsnom ulwsfnmnm` so sal {s|clms glkoil fxfndfgdl-

Sal FK {afdd n{{|l ns{ pwnsslm hnmcnm` fmc w|dnm` mo dfslw safm splms~)oml !76. kfdlmcfw cf~{ fhslw sal hndnm` oh salfuulfd- Kounl{ oh sal FK{ clkn{nom {afdd gl howpfwclc so sal {s|clms$ kafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU ow [UKK$ fmcsal Clfm- Sal FK{ clkn{nom n{ hnmfd-

Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ nm Uaf{l{ 6 fmc 7

Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i Ousnom

Sal Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i Ousnom pndd gl ohhlwlc so ^lfw 6 {s|clms{ fdwlfc~ lmwoddlc fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~[kaood oh Ilcnknml fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU.-Aoplxlw$ lmwoddlc {s|clms{ nmslwl{slc nm sal uwo`wfi pao afxl mos gllm nclmsnhnlc g~ sal K[UUU kfm gwnm`wlv|l{s{ so lmslw sal uwo`wfi so sal K[UUU- Nm fdd kf{l{$ sal j|cìlms oh sal K[UUU n{ hnmfd- Fwwfm`lilms{ solmslw fm lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i ousnom kfm gl ifcl uwnow so lmslwnm` ^lfw 6 fs sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal Fcin{{nom{Koiinssll fhslw kom{|dsfsnom pnsa osalw koiinssll{ safs ifmf`l {s|clms fhhfnw{- Nm lfka kf{l$ sal komslms oh^lfw 6 pndd gl sf|às nm spo ~lfw{ nm{slfc oh oml- [s|clms{ pndd lmslw ^lfw 7 fs sal gl`nmmnm` oh salnw sanwcfkfclink ~lfw-

Clkn{nom{ fgo|s lmwoddlc {s|clms{ pndd gl ifcl g~ sal K[UUU {aowsd~ fhslw sal hnw{s lqfinmfsnom{ oh salIlsfgodn{i fmc Kldd Gnodo`~ ko|w{l{ afxl gllm koiudlslc- Sal{l lqfinmfsnom{ fwl `lmlwfdd~ `nxlm nm fgo|spllb 6< oh ^lfw 6- Nm {oil kf{l{$ sal K[UUU if~ wlkoiilmc fm lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i fhslw sal {lkomc {ls ohlqfinmfsnom{ oh sal Ilsfgodn{i fmc Kldd Gnodo`~ ko|w{l{ afxl gllm koiudlslc-

Lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i ousnom{ pndd gl cl{n`mlc how lfka {s|clms nmcnxnc|fdd~ fmc pndd gl gf{lc om sal cl`wll ohclhnknlmknl{ nm sal {s|clms{ ulwhowifmkl$ an{/alw |mclw`wfc|fsl fkfclink wlkowc{$ uf{s powb lqulwnlmkl$ fmcfm~ osalw nmhowifsnom wldlxfms so sal {s|clms{ mllc{- [s|clms{ {ao|dc kom{|ds pnsa sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how[s|clms Fhhfnw{ ow I|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{ pao$ nm koowcnmfsnom pnsa sal K[UUU$ pndd f{{n{s nm cl{n`mnm` salnwuwo`wfi{- Sal hnmfd cl{n`m fmc fuuwoxfd oh sal nmcnxnc|fd uwo`wfi pndd gl sal wl{uom{ngndns~ oh sal K[UUU pao{l

j|cìlms pndd gl hnmfd-

Fdsao|à xfwno|{ koignmfsnom{ oh sal komslms oh ^lfw 6 pndd gl wlkoiilmclc g~ sal K[UUU om fm nmcnxnc|fdgf{n{$ {s|clms{ if~ gl lmko|wf`lc so fsslmc {oil oh sal dlks|wl{ nm ko|w{l{ nm panka sal~ fwl k|wwlmsd~ moslmwoddlc so hfkndnsfsl sal dlfwmnm` uwokl{{- Fm lqfiudl oh fm Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i n{ f{ hoddop{:

^lfw 6 !^lfw 6. ko|dc komsfnm A|ifm Fmfsoi~$ Alfdsa Nmhowifsnom Wl{o|wkl{$ Kldd Gnodo`~$ Inkwogl{ fmc Ao{sWl{uom{l{$ fmc Ufsnlms$ Ua~{nknfm$ fmc [oknls~ 6- ^lfw 6 !^lfw 7. po|dc salm komsfnm Ilsfgodn{i$ Iodlk|dfwGnodo`~ fmc @lmlsnk{$ Nmswoc|ksnom so Ufsaodo`~$ fmc Uwnmknudl{ oh Uafwifkodo`~- Sfbnm` nmso fkko|ms salcl`wll oh clhnknlmknl{ nm sal {s|clms„{ ulwhowifmkl nm A|ifm Fmfsoi~ ow osalw ko|w{l{$ sal K[UUU ko|dc



wlv|nwl safs {|ka ko|w{l{ gl wlulfslc nm ^lfw 7- Sal ko|w{l nm Ufsnlms$ Ua~{nknfm$ fmc [oknls~ fmc sal ldlksnxlwlv|nwlilms ko|dc gl dlhs so sal cn{kwlsnom oh sal {s|clms ow clknclc g~ sal K[UUU- [s|clms{ pndd lmslw ^lfw 7 fssal gl`nmmnm` oh salnw sanwc fkfclink ~lfw-

[s|clms{ lmwoddlc nm sal lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i fwl komhwomslc pnsa f kom{nclwfgd~ wlc|klc powbdofc fmc$kom{lv|lmsd~$ fm~ `wfcl oh H fkv|nwlc c|wnm` sal ulwnoc oh lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i pndd gl kom{nclwlc `wo|mc{ how

cn{in{{fd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- \uom {|kkl{{h|d koiudlsnom oh fdd ^lfw 6 powb$ sal {sfmcfwc{ how'lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i' {s|clms{ f{ wl`fwc{ fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ pndd wlxlws so sao{l fuudnlc so fdd osalw {s|clms{ nmsal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Clkn{nom{ how sal lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i ousnom pndd gl ifcl om fm nmcnxnc|fd gf{n{ fmc omd~ g~ sal Koiinssll om[s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU.$ |{|fdd~ fhslw wlxnlpnm` sal {s|clms{ ulwhowifmkl om sal hnw{s{ls oh lqfi{- Sfw`ls{ how san{ clkn{nom fwl {s|clms{ pao in`as glmlhns hwoi f dn`aslw fkfclink dofc- Hnmfmknfdfwwfm`lilms{$ fccnsnomfd nmhowifsnom$ fmc kdfwnhnkfsnom oh sal hll uodnk~ kfm gl ho|mc nm sal S|nsnom {lksnom oh san{u|gdnkfsnom- Palm {|iilw {l{{nom{ fwl nmxodxlc$ {lufwfsl hll{ fuud~ nm fccnsnom so sal s|nsnom fmc hll{ how sal{sfmcfwc fkfclink ~lfw-

Wlilcnfsnom how ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7

San{ uodnk~ fuudnl{ so {s|clms{ hwoi ^lfw 6 ow ^lfw 7 pao afxl hfndlc f ko|w{l how sal hnw{s snil- Wlilcnfsnom n{clhnmlc f{ sal fks ow uwokl{{ cl{n`mlc so kowwlks dlfwmnm` uwogdli{ wl{|dsnm` nm f `wfcl oh H ow N-

[s|clms{ pao wlklnxl fm H how f ko|w{l c|wnm` ^lfw 6 ow ^lfw 7 wlv|nwl wlilcnfsnom- Sal {ulknhnk wlilcnfsnompndd gl clslwinmlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow fmc `nxlm f{ f wlkoiilmcfsnom so sal Koiinssll om [s|clmsUwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU.$ |{nm` sal hoddopnm` `|ncldnml{:

Fhslw sal `wfcl oh H ow N af{ gllm uo{slc$ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow pndd clxldou f wlilcnfsnom udfm how {s|clms{ paowlklnxlc f `wfcl oh H ow N- Sal udfm pndd nmkd|cl sal ifmmlw nm panka sal wlilcnfsnom pndd sfbl udfkl fmc salsnilsfgdl oh {|ka wlilcnfsnom-

Ns n{ wlkoiilmclc safs sal wlilcnfsnom udfm gl nmcnxnc|fdnzlc how lfka {s|clms wlklnxnm` f `wfcl oh H ow N- Sal

udfm pndd sfbl nmso fkko|ms sal if`mns|cl oh sal hfndnm` ulwhowifmkl nm wldfsnom so sal uf{{nm` dlxld- How lqfiudl:lqswlild~ dop ulwhowifmkl{ if~ ilwns wlulfsnm` sal ko|w{l$ pandl gfwld~ hfndnm` ulwhowifmkl{ if~ glwlilcnfslc pnsa fmosalw lqfi-

F wlilcnfsnom udfm if~ gl {ldlkslc hwoi {lxlwfd fxfndfgdl ousnom{ {|ka f{:

wlulfsnm` sal ko|w{l uf{{nm` fmosalw pwnsslm ow owfd lqfi fmosalw {|nsfgdl fksnom

How fm~ fksnom osalw safm wlulfsnm` sal ko|w{l$ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow pndd ills pnsa {s|clms{ fmc wlxnlp salnwulwhowifmkl nm owclw so nmcnxnc|fdnzl fccnsnomfd {s|c~ g~ sal{l {s|clms{-



Sal dlm`sa fmc ifmmlw oh san{ {s|c~ ulwnoc {ao|dc gl j|c`lc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow nm kom{|dsfsnom pnsa salhfndnm` {s|clms i|{s gl f inmni|i oh spo ow dom`lw- San{ {s|c~ ulwnoc if~ gl koiudlslc fdoml g~ {s|clms{ owfnclc g~ s|sow{ ow osalw nm{sw|ksnomfd fnc{-

Fhslw sal wlkoiilmclc {s|c~ ulwnoc$ {s|clms{ pndd wlv|nwl fm fksnom pao{l ogjlksnxl n{ so wl{|ds lnsalw nm f uf{{ow fmosalw hfnd `wfcl- Nm io{s kf{l{$ san{ fksnom pndd gl fm lqfi- San{ lqfi if~ gl pwnsslm ow owfd-

Sal pwnsslm lqfi pndd gl clxldoulc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow hwoi nsli{ |{lc om uwlxno|{ lqfi{$ mlp nsli{$ owu|wkaf{l oh koiilwknfdd~ fxfndfgdl {|gjlks lqfi{$ {|ka f{ sao{l hwoi sal Mfsnomfd Gofwc oh IlcnkfdLqfinmlw{ !MGIL.-

[s|clms{ pao hfnd f wlilcnfd uwokl{{ pndd gl wlhlwwlc so sal K[UUU how h|wsalw fksnom-

Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3

I|dsnudl Hfnd|wl{ om MGIL [|gjlks Lqfi{ C|wnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3

Hfnd|wl oh {|gjlks lqfinmfsnom{ nm spo ow iowl wlv|nwlc kdlwb{anu{ pndd nmnsnfsl ifmcfsow~ {s|c~ ulwnoc{ safs pndduwlklcl wl)lqfinmfsnom- Sal c|wfsnom oh sal {s|c~ ulwnoc{ pndd gl {ulknhnlc nm koddfgowfsnom pnsa sal wldlxfmskdlwb{anu cnwlksow{ fmc K[UUU- [s|clms{ pndd gl fddoplc so koiudlsl sal kdlwb{anu sal~ fwl conm` palm sal~wlklnxl mosnhnkfsnom oh sal {|gjlks lqfi hfnd|wl- Sal~ pndd fd{o afxl sal ousnom oh pnsacwfpnm` hwoi sal kdlwb{anuniilcnfsld~ so {s|c~ how f wl)lqfi- Mo kwlcns pndd gl `nxlm how ufwsnfd powb koiudlslc om f kdlwb{anu-

Sal ulwnoc oh snil sfblm so uwlufwl how wl)lqfinmfsnom{ pndd fd{o gl |sndnzlc so fccwl{{ palsalw hfksow{ osalwsafm fkfclink{ afxl komswng|slc so sal {s|clms{ cnhhnk|ds~ nm uf{{nm` {|gjlks lqfinmfsnom{- San{ pndd gl coml nmkom{|dsfsnom pnsa oml oh sal Clfm{ how [s|clms{$ sal Ohhnkl oh Liudo~ll F{{n{sfmkl$ fmc osalw komklwmlcuwohl{{nomfd{$ !l-`- sal Lc|kfsnom [ulknfdn{s nm sal Ohhnkl oh I|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{.$ f{ wlv|nwlc-

Wlifnmnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 kdlwb{anu{ pndd gl wl{kalc|dlc nm kom{|dsfsnom pnsa sal Cnwlksow oh FkfclinkWlkowc{- Nm sal lxlms oh komsnm|lc hfndnm` ulwhowifmkl{$ fccnsnomfd fksnom{ pndd gl clslwinmlc g~ sal K[UUU-

F cl{n`mfsnom oh Nmkoiudlsl !N. c|l so {|gjlks lqfinmfsnom hfnd|wl{ nm fdd knwk|i{sfmkl{$ lqklus sao{l cl{kwnglcfgoxl$ pndd gl kowwlkslc g~ lqfinmfsnom hoddopnm` fuuwouwnfsl ulwnoc{ fs sal lmc oh sal fkfclink ~lfw-

Wlilcnfsnom how ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3

Wlilcnfsnom{ oh f {nm`dl H `wfcl wlklnxlc how f ko|w{l c|wnm` ^lfw ; if~ mos gl |mclwsfblm |msnd sal {s|clmsaf{ koiudlslc sal wlv|nwlc 31 pllb{ oh ^lfw ; ko|w{lpowb fmc |msnd sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmcUwo`wfi Udfmmnm` af{ wlxnlplc sal {s|clms{ ^lfw ; `wfcl{ fs sal lmc oh sal {s|clms{ fkfclink ~lfw-K|{soifwnd~$ san{ wlxnlp pndd okk|w pnsanm sawll pllb{ oh sal koiudlsnom oh sal hnmfd ^lfw ; ko|w{l- Sal {s|c~ulwnoc how wl)lqfinmfsnom{$ aoplxlw$ if~ gl`nm niilcnfsld~ hoddopnm` sal koiudlsnom oh ^lfw ;- Nh f {s|clmswlklnxl{ i|dsnudl N{ c|wnm` ^lfw ;$ sal [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` Koiinssll if~ wlv|nwl wlioxfd



oh sal{l N{ glhowl sal lmc oh ^lfw ;- Nm sal lxlms safs i|dsnudl fkfclink clhnknlmknl{ fwl fkk|i|dfslc nm ^lfw ;$wlioxfd oh N {~igod{ pndd uwlklcl lhhows{ so wlilcnfsl f `wfcl oh H$ panka i|{s gl |mclwsfblm f{ sal hnmfd ^lfw; powb uwnow so gl`nmmnm` ^lfw 3 ko|w{lpowb-

\uom wlklnus oh f `wfcl oh H$ f {s|clms pndd gl wlv|nwlc so ills pnsa sal K[UUU fmc salm pndd gl mosnhnlc nmpwnsnm` safs f {lkomc `wfcl oh H fkv|nwlc c|wnm` ^lfw ; pndd gl kom{nclwlc `wo|mc{ how cn{in{{fd hwoi sal

[kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Palm f {s|clms pao n{ wlulfsnm` f kdlwb{anu nm fm fsslius so wlilcnfsl fm H `wfcl col{ mos fkanlxl f uf{{nm`{kowl om sal [|gjlks Lqfi fcinmn{slwlc fs sal lmc oh sal wlulfs kdlwb{anu$ g|s wlklnxl{ f uf{{nm` lxfd|fsnom nmfdd osalw f{ulks{ oh sal wlulfs kdlwb{anu$ al ow {al pndd gl `wfmslc oml iowl fsslius fs sal [|gjlks Lqfi uwnow sohnmfdnzfsnom oh sal `wfcl how sal wlulfs kdlwb{anu-

Iocnhnkfsnom oh ^lfw 3 Wlv|nwlilms{ C|l so [slu 6 Hfnd|wl

[s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu 6 om sal hnw{s fsslius$ g|s uf{{ om sal {lkomc fsslius$ pndd gl fddoplc so`wfc|fsl pnsa omd~ ;7 pllb{ oh ^lfw 3 kwlcns{$ uwoxnclc safs salnw fkfclink uwo`wl{{ komsnm|l{ so fddopkoiudlsnom oh fdd `wfc|fsnom wlv|nwlilms{ mo dfslw safm oml iomsa fhslw salnw own`nmfd `wfc|fsnom cfsl-

[s|clms{ pao hfnd [slu 6 spnkl pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl ;8 pllb{ oh ^lfw 3 kwlcns{-

Wl{swnks nom oh Lqswfi |wfd Ldlks nxl{ C|l so Fkfclink Cnhhnk|ds~

[s|clms{ pao lqulwnlmkl fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ;$ !f{ clhnmlc gldop.$ f{ pldd f{ {s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL[slu 6 iowl safm omkl$ pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl f inmni|i oh 71 pllb{ oh sal ;8 wlv|nwlc pllb{ oh ~lfw 3|mclw sal {|ulwxn{nom fmc lxfd|fsnom oh sal hfk|ds~ fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- [s|clms{ pao afxl afc salnw ^lfw3 wlv|nwlilms wlc|klc so ;7 sosfd wlv|nwlc pllb{ g~ sal K[UUU glkf|{l oh f {nm`dl hfnd|wl om \[IDL [slu 6pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl f inmni|i oh 73 oh sao{l pllb{ |mclw sal {|ulwxn{nom fmc lxfd|fsnom oh sal hfk|ds~oh [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- Nm lnsalw kf{l$ san{ pndd fddop f ifqni|i oh 1 pllb{ safs if~ gl coml f{ lqswfi|wfdldlksnxl{-

How sal u|wuo{l{ oh san{ uodnk~$ fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ; kom{n{s{ oh lnsalw oml oh sal hoddopnm`:

‧ f hfndnm` !H. `wfcl ow fm nmkoiudlsl !N. nm spo ow iowl kdlwb{anu{

Wl{swnks nom oh Nmslwmfsnomfd Ldlksnxl{

[s|clms{ pao nmslmc so |mclwsfbl f ^lfw 3 Nmslwmfsnomfd Ldlksnxl$ g|s pao afxl wlklnxlc lnsalw f hfndnm` !H.`wfcl ow fm nmkoiudlsl !N. f{{l{{ilms how fm~ ^lfw ; kdlwb{anu i|{s {llb fmc ogsfnm uwnow fuuwoxfd hwoi salKoiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` !K[UUU. ow f iliglw oh sal Clfm{ [sfhh- [|ka{s|clms{ i|{s uwoxncl sal K[UUU ow Clfm{ [sfhh pnsa f pwnsslm wlv|l{s$ !lifnd pndd {|hhnkl. pnsa koiulddnm`

j|{snhnkfsnom$ so |mclwsfbl sal ldlksnxl- Sal K[UUU ow Clfm{ [sfhh iliglw pndd lxfd|fsl sal wlv|l{s fmc n{{|l



fm fuuwoxfd ow cn{fuuwoxfd j|c`ilms$ fkkowcnm`d~- Sal clkn{nom oh sal K[UUU ow Clfm{ [sfhh iliglw pndd glhnmfd$ fmc n{ mos {|gjlks so fuulfd- Clfm{ {sfhh iliglw{ pndd wluows gfkb so sal K[UUU oh salnw clkn{nom{-

Uwoklc|wl{ Wl`fwcnm` Hfnd|wl fmc Wlsfbl oh \[IDL [slu 6 ow [slu 7

Fdd {s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu 6 ow [slu 7 i|{s wlulfs sal lqfinmfsnom fmc fwl wl{uom{ngdl how

ogsfnmnm` sal fuudnkfsnom howi hwoi assu://ppp-|{idl-ow`- [s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu{ pndd glkomsfkslc g~ sal {kaood fmc wlv|nwlc so ills pnsa sal Clfm oh [s|clms{ ow pnsa sal Koiinssll om[s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm`-

[s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL [slu 6 pndd mos gl fddoplc so {kalc|dl fm~ [lmnow Nmv|nw~ ldlksnxl{ how kwlcnsc|wnm` ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 |mdl{{ fuuwoxlc g~ Cw- Pnddnfi Ioosz$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i-

[s|clms{ pao wlsfbl \[IDL [slu 6 fmc pao i|{s wlfwwfm`l salnw ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 !^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3.{kalc|dl{ {ao|dc co {o sawo|`a sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{-



[s|clms [lwxnkl{

Fkfclink Fcxn{lilms [~{sli !FF[.

Sal Fkfclink Fcxn{lilms [~{sli !FF[. how ilcnkfd {s|clms{ fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ af{ hnxl uwnifw~ òfd{:

hfkndnsfsnm` sal fkfclink lqulwnlmkl oh {s|clms{$ f{{n{snm` {s|clms{ nm sal {ldlksnom oh k|wwnk|dfw lqulwnlmkl{$ nclmsnh~nm` fmc wl{uomcnm` so fkfclink clhnknlmknl{ oh {s|clms{$ f{{n{snm` {s|clms{ nm {ldlksnm` f kfwllw nm ilcnknml$ fmc f{{n{snm` {s|clms{ nm clxldounm` f {swfsl`~ how fuudnkfsnom so wl{nclmk~ uwo`wfi{-

6- Hfkn d n sfs nm` sal Fk fclink Lqulwnlmk l oh [s|clms{

Ogjlks nxl !O. Fks nxns~ !F. Wl{uom{ngnd n s~ !W.

O|sdnml sal Fkfclink Fcxn{lilms[~{sli !FF[. so {s|clms{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom{ c|wnmòwnlmsfsnom pllb-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{-

Nmswoc|kl {s|clms{ so sal [kaood ohIlcnknml fmc dokfd wl{o|wkl{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom{ c|wnmòwnlmsfsnom pllbilmsownm` uwo`wfi-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{2 Ohhnkl ohI|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{-

Ownlms {s|clms{ so sal k|wwnk|d|i fmcfkfclink uodnknl{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom{ c|wnmòwnlmsfsnom pllb-

Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{2 [ldlkslc[s|clms{-

Ownlms {s|clms{ so Kocl oh [s|clmsUwohl{{nomfd Komc|ks-

Pansl Kofs Klwliom~2Uwl{lmsfsnom{ c|wnmòwnlmsfsnom pllb fmcglhowl ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{2 F{{oknfslClfm how [s|clms{2 F{{n{sfms Clfm how[s|clms{-

Ownlms {s|clms{ so FCFfkkoiiocfsnom{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom c|wnmòwnlmsfsnom pllb2Cn{swng|sl uwnmslc uodnk~2[aop \WD palwl uodnk~n{-

F{{oknfsl Clfm ow F{{n{sfms Clfm howK|wwnk|d|i-

Ownlms {s|clms{ so sal gf{nk{ ohhnmfmknfd fnc n{{|l{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom fs ownlmsfsnompllb-

F{{n{sfms Clfm$ [s|clms HnmfmknfdUdfmmnm`-

F{{n{s {s|clms{ nm fkanlxnm` fkfclink{|kkl{{-

Pwnsslm ifm|fd{ om aop soglkoil f {|kkl{{h|dilcnkfd {s|clms-

Wlkoiilmcfsnom{ hwoi Clfm{ oh[s|clms{$ fmc hwoi {s|clms{-

F{{n{s {s|clms{ nm nclmsnh~nm` dlfwmnm`{swfsl`nl{ how {ulknhnk ko|w{l{-

Hfk|ds~ uwl{lmsfsnom{-Ko|w{l cnwlksow{2 F{{oknfsl Clfm howI|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{2 [ldlkslc [s|clms{-

Uwoxncl fkfclink f{{n{sfmkl so{s|clms{ pao if~ glmlhns hwoi{|uudlilmsfd nm{sw|ksnom so fkanlxlfkfclink {|kkl{{-

[|uudlilmsfd Nm{sw|ksnom![N. fksnxnsnl{ c|wnm` ^lfw6 fmc ^lfw 7-

F{{oknfsl Clfm how I|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{-



F{{n{s {s|clms{ nm ogsfnmnm` hnmfmknfdfnc$ |mclw{sfmcnm` fxfndfgdl hnmfmknfdwl{o|wkl{$ |mclw{sfmcnm` wluf~ilmsfmc clgs ifmf`lilms n{{|l{$ fmc{lssnm` dom`)slwi hnmfmknfd `ofd{-

Pwnsslm nmhowifsnom!nmkd|cnm` sal plg.2 howifduwl{lmsfsnom{$ {~iuo{nf$`|l{s dlks|wlw{$ fmculw{omfd nmslwxnlp{-

F{{n{sfms Clfm$ [s|clms HnmfmknfdUdfmmnm`-

F{{n{s {s|clms{ nm |mclw{sfmcnm` dofm

wluf~ilms n{{|l{-

Lqns nmslwxnlp !^lfw 3.-F{{n{sfms Clfm$ [s|clms Hnmfmknfd

Udfmmnm`-

7- F{{n{s nm` [s|clms{ nm s al [ldlks nom oh K|wwnk|dfw Lqulwnlmk l{

Ogjlks nxl !O. Fks nxns~ !F. Wl{uom{ngnd ns ~ !W.

F{{n{s ^lfw 6 {s|clms{ pnsaldlksnxl {ldlksnom$ nmkd|cnm`wl{lfwka$ koii|mns~$ fmckdnmnkfd lqulwnlmkl{-

Uwl{lmsfsnom so {s|clms{2 illsnm` pnsawl{lfwkalw{2 illsnm` pnsa AlfdsaWl{o|wkl{ Klmslw !AWK. koowcnmfsow2uwo`wfi ohhlwnm`{ om) dnml-

^lfw 6 Koowcnmfsnm`Koiinssll2 AWKKoowcnmfsow2 {ldlkslchfk|ds~-

F{{n{s ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3{s|clms{ pnsa ldlksnxl{{ldlksnom-

Uwl{lmsfsnom so {s|clms{2 ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw3 afmcgoob !om)dnml.2Plg{nsl2 {kalc|dlcillsnm`{ pnsa Fkfclink Fcxn{ow{-

Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{2Hfk|ds~ fcxn{ow{-

F{{n{s {s|clms{ pnsa {ldlksnm`nmslwmfsnomfd lqulwnlmkl{- Nmcnxnc|fdnzlc {l{{nom{ fhslw {kalc|dlcfuuonmsilms{- Nmslwmfsnomfd Ldlksnxl{Koowcnmfsow-

F{{n{s {s|clms{ nm|mclw{sfmcnm` sal niuowsfmkloh wl{lfwka-

Ow`fmnzlc illsnm`{2 FOF [s|clmsWl{lfwka How|i2 L)ifndwlinmclw{2Plg{nsl dn{snm`{2 Uwl{lmsfsnomfs ownlmsfsnom pllb2 wl{lfwka fksnxnsnl{-

[ldlkslc hfk|ds~2 ^lfw 6Koowcnmfsnm` Koiinssll2Kfwinml Ko{knf !FOF.-

;- Nclms n h~nm` fmc Wl{uomcnm` so Fkfclink Clhnknlmknl{ oh [s|clms{


Nclmsnh~ fmc ko|m{ld{s|clms{ afxnm`

fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ fssal ko|w{l dlxld-

Ills pnsa {s|clms2 Clkncl om ko|w{loh fksnom {|ka f{ s|sownfd{${|uudlilmsfd nm{sw|ksnom2 NmhowiWl`n{swfw2 [s|clms Uwo`wl{{Koiinssll-

\mns$ ko|w{l$ ow kdlwb{anu cnwlksow-

Nclmsnh~ {s|clms{ afxnm`fkfclink cnhhnk|dsnl{ omiowl safm oml |mns$ko|w{l$ ow kdlwb{anu-

Ills pnsa {s|clms2 Clkncl om ko|w{loh fksnom-

Wl`n{swfw2 F{{n{sfms Clfm how[s|clms{2 F{{oknfsl Clfm howI|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{2 [s|clms Uwo`wl{{Koiinssll-

Nclmsnh~ {s|clms{ paoafxl hfndlc f \[IDLlqfi-

Clkncl om ko|w{l oh fksnom {|ka f{fm fccnsnomfd {s|c~ ulwnoc$wlkoiilmcfsnom oh {ulknfd ko|w{l{-

Wl`n{swfw !dn{s oh {s|clms{ hfndnm`.2Clfm{ oh [s|clms{2 F{{oknfsl Clfmhow I|dsnk|ds|wfd Fhhfnw{2 [s|clmsUwo`wl{{ Koiinssll !ko|w{l ohfksnom.-



3- F{{n{s nm` [s|clms{ nm [ldlks nm` f Kfwllw nm Ilcnknml


F{{n{s {s|clms{ pao afxl mosclknclc om f kfwllw kaonklg~ Jfm|fw~ oh salnw ^lfw ;-

IlcKfwllw{2 @dfqo-Kfwllw ko|m{ldow2 IlcKfwllw{swfnmlc {sfhh fmc hfk|ds~-

Uwoxncl nmhowifsnom om{ulknhnk {ulknfdsnl{-

[ulknfd Nmslwl{s@wo|u{2IlcKfwllw{2 @dfqo-

Nmcnxnc|fd {ulknfds~ `wo|u{2 Ohhnkloh [s|clms Fhhfnw{2 Ohhnkl ohK|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{-

Uwoxncl nmcnxnc|fd fcxnkl omkfwllw kaonkl-

Nmcnxnc|fd illsnm`{ glspllm{s|clms fmc {s|clms){ldlkslchfk|ds~ fcxn{ow-

Hfk|ds~ fcxn{ow{ !uwoxncl ko|m{ld.2Wl`n{swfw !dn{s oh hfk|ds~ fcxn{ow{{ldlkslc g~ lfka {s|clms.-

<- F{{n{s nm` [s|clms{ nm Clxldounm` f [swfs l`~ how Fuud nkfs nom so Wl{nclmk~ Uwo`wfi{


Ownlms {s|clms{ so salwl{nclmk~ fuudnkfsnom

{~{sli-

Illsnm` pnsa {s|clms{ fs ^lfw ;komxokfsnom fmc dfslw uowsnom oh salnw ^lfw

;-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{2F{{oknfsl Clfm how [s|clms{-

Nm{sw|ks {s|clms{ om aopso |{l sal HWLNCF{~{sli-

Cn{swng|sl pwnsslm nm{sw|ksnom{2 [l{{nom{ nmNmhowifsnk{ dfg2 Ko|m{ld nmcnxnc|fd{s|clms{ f{ mllclc-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{-

Uwoxncl nmcnxnc|fd fcxnklom wl{nclmk~ kaonkl-

Nmcnxnc|fd illsnm`{ glspllm {s|clms fmc{s|clms){ldlkslc hfk|ds~ fcxn{ow-

[s|clms2 hfk|ds~ fcxn{ow-

Fkfclink Uwogdli{

^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 [s|clms{: [s|clms{ lmko|mslwnm` fkfclink uwogdli{ {ao|dc cn{k|{{ sal{l pnsao|s cldf~pnsa sal ko|w{l cnwlksow nm sal fwlf nmxodxlc fmc pnsa sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{ {o safs mllclc f{{n{sfmklkfm gl ogsfnmlc uwoiusd~- Io{s ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7 ko|w{l cnwlksow{ ohhlw s|sownm` fwwfm`lilms{- Nh sal uwogdlin{ wldfslc so fwlf{ {|ka f{ sl{s)sfbnm` {bndd{$ {s|clms{ if~ komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{ !>00)>170. so{kalc|dl fm fuuonmsilms pnsa fm lc|kfsnom {ulknfdn{s-

^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 [s|clms{: [s|clms{ pao afxl fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ; {ao|dc$ pnsao|s cldf~$ cn{k|{{sal{l cnhhnk|dsnl{ pnsa sal ko|w{l cnwlksow nm sal fwlf nmxodxlc fmc pnsa sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{- [s|clms{pnsa cnhhnk|dsnl{ if~ gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl f inmni|i oh ;5 pllb{ oh sal wlv|nwlc ;8 pllb{ nm ^lfw 3 |mclwsal {|ulwxn{nom fmc lxfd|fsnom oh sal hfk|ds~ fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- San{ pndd fddop f ifqni|i oh {nq pllb{safs kfm gl coml f{ lqswfi|wfd ldlksnxl{- San{ wlv|nwlilms pndd gl fuudnlc so {s|clms{ om fm nmcnxnc|fd gf{n{- Nm{oil nm{sfmkl{$ sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` if~ iocnh~ san{ wlv|nwlilms-

Fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ nm ^lfw ; nmkd|cl{ {ns|fsnom{ {|ka f{: oml H ow spo C{ ow hfnd|wl oh fm~ MGIL {aldhlqfinmfsnom{-



Mom)Fkfclink Uwogdli{

[s|clms Fhhfnw{- Sal F{{n{sfms Clfm{ how [s|clms{ fwl fxfndfgdl how kom{|dsfsnom om mom)fkfclink uwogdli{- Fpncl xfwnls~ oh ilcnkfd fmc ko|m{ldnm` wl{o|wkl{ fwl fxfndfgdl so {s|clms{ lqulwnlmknm` liosnomfd ow ua~{nkfduwogdli{- Udlf{l komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{ !Kfwodnml 655. how clsfnd{-

Kfiu|{ Inmn{sw~- Sal cnwlksow oh Kfiu|{ Inmn{sw~ !Kfwodnml 755. n{ fd{o fxfndfgdl how kom{|dsfsnom so fdd{s|clms{-

FNI[- FNI[ !Fnc how Niufnwlc Ilcnkfd [s|clms{. n{ f uwo`wfi w|m g~ {s|clms{ fmc komklwmlc ilcnkfduwohl{{nomfd{ nm sal [s- Do|n{ fwlf- FNI[ n{ cl{n`mlc so fddop ilcnkfd {s|clms{ so {llb aldu nm f koiudlsld~komhnclmsnfd fmc uwohl{{nomfd ifmmlw pnsao|s sal fcinmn{swfsnom afxnm` fm~ bmopdlc`l oh sal {s|clms{uwogdli{$ fdsao|`a sal fcinmn{swfsnom af{ {aopm h|dd {|uuows oh sal uwo`wfi- Palsalw sal niufnwilms n{ c|l so{swl{{$ liosnomfd cnhhnk|dsnl{$ fdkoaod ow kalinkfd fg|{l$ FNI[ n{ f pf~ {s|clms{ kfm ogsfnm aldu fmc komsnm|lsalnw ilcnkfd kfwllw- [s|clms{ {ao|dc komsfks fm~ oh sal ^lfw 7$ ;$ ow 3 FNI[ wluwl{lmsfsnxl{ nh sal~ afxl fm~v|l{snom{- Sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Fhhfnw{ pndd uwoxncl sal mfil oh sal wluwl{lmsfsnxl{ fs sal {s|clms„{ wlv|l{s-



[s|clms Wlkowc{

Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{

Sal hoddopnm` nsli{ fwl udfklc nm {s|clms hndl{ nm sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{ oh sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Sal~ fwl wlsfnmlc ulwifmlmsd~ fmc fwl fkkl{{ngdl so {s|clms{ lqklus palwl moslc-

Sal fuudnkfsnom how fcin{{nom- F kou~ oh sal Fkfclink Wlkowc$ panka komsfnm{ gno`wfuankfd cfsf `fsalwlc hwoi sal

fuudnkfsnom fmc sal koddl`l fmc |mnxlw{ns~ swfm{kwnus{$ cfsl{ oh fsslmcfmkl$ fmc `wfcl{ lfwmlchow fdd ko|w{l{ sfblm fs sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Sal Fkfclink Wlkowc fd{o {lwxl{ f{ salswfm{kwnus oh powb koiudlslc fs sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Lxfd|fsnom{ ifcl g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow{- @wfcl Wluows{ [kowl{ lfwmlc om \mnslc [sfsl{ Ilcnkfd Dnklm{nm` Lqfinmfsnom{- Sal Ilcnkfd [s|clms Ulwhowifmkl Lxfd|fsnom !howilwd~$ sal Clfm{ dlsslw.$ panka n{ f

cok|ilms oh sal {s|clms„{ ulwhowifmkl pwnsslm g~ sal Clfm{ {sfhh fs sal wlv|l{s oh sal {s|clms

{llbnm` nmslwm{anu ow wl{nclmk~ fuuonmsilms- Mosl{ fmc dlsslw{ hwoi {s|clms{ fmc kounl{ oh dlsslw{ so {s|clms{-

Fkkl{{ so {s|clms hndl{ n{ dninslc so sal {s|clms fmc so fuuwouwnfsl iliglw{ oh sal Clfm{ {sfhh$ fcxn{ow{$ fmcko|w{l cnwlksow{ kom{n{slms pnsa sal [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ Wlkowc{ Uodnk~ fmc sal Hfind~ Lc|kfsnomfd Wn`as{fmc Uwnxfk~ Fks oh 6>03$ fmc {|gjlks so sal lqklusnom{ {ls howsa salwlnm-

Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`

Wlkowc{ ulwsfnmnm` so hnmfmknfd fnc fwl hndlc nm sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`$ [kapnsfddf Afdd$ I7;7-[s|clms alfdsa wlkowc{ fwl hndlc nm sal [s|clms Alfdsa Ohhnkl dokfslc nm sal \I@ G|ndcnm`- Sal{l hndl{ fwl |{lcg~ sao{l ohhnkl{ omd~-

Lfka kdf{{ ldlks{ f [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` wluwl{lmsfsnxl so fks f{ f {uobl{ulw{om how komklwm{ safs if~fwn{l- San{ ulw{om fd{o fks{ f{ f wl{o|wkl how [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` nm ~lfwd~ hok|{ `wo|u{$ lsk- [s|clms{{ao|dc komsfks salnw Hnmfmknfd Fnc Ko|m{ldow pnsa v|l{snom{ fgo|s salnw {ns|fsnom-

Fcin{{nom{ Ohhnkl

Sanwc ufws~ dlsslw{ oh wlkoiilmcfsnom wlklnxlc c|wnm` sal fcin{{nom{ uwokl{{ fwl mos cllilc so gl {s|clmswlkowc{- Sal dlsslw{ fwl |{lc g~ sal Fcin{{nom{ Koiinssll how fcin{{nom{ u|wuo{l{ omd~2 sal~ fwl mos wlsfnmlcfhslw sal~ afxl {lwxlc salnw u|wuo{l- Sanwc ufws~ dlsslw{ fwl mos hndlc fs sal Ohhnkl oh Fkfclink Wlkowc{-

Fdd {s|clms{ i|{s {|gins so sal Fcin{{nom{ Ohhnkl fm ohhnknfd hnmfd swfm{kwnus hwoi fdd |mclw`wfc|fsl/`wfc|fsl{kaood{ fsslmclc mo dfslw safm Jfm|fw~ 6 oh salnw hnw{s ~lfw fs sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- Sal swfm{kwnus i|{s komsfnm



fm~ fmc fdd komhlwwlc cl`wll{ fmc cfsl{ wlklnxlc- Nh f hnmfd swfm{kwnus n{ mos nm sal {s|clms{ fkfclink hndl nm salFcin{{nom{ Ohhnkl g~ Jfm|fw~ 6$ sal {s|clms{ wl`n{swfsnom pndd gl cwouulc fmc mo hnmfmknfd fnc pndd gl cn{g|w{lc|msnd sal hnmfd swfm{kwnus n{ wlklnxlc-

[s|clms{ pndd gl mosnhnlc g~ sal Fcin{{nom{ Ohhnkl g~ sal lmc oh sal hnw{s iomsa oh sal fkfclink ~lfw nh fm ohhnknfdhnmfd swfm{kwnus n{ in{{nm` hwoi salnw hndl-



[s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`

[LKSNOM N: Uodnknl{$ Uwnmknudl{$ fmc Uwoklc|wl{

F- Uodnk nl{/Uwnmknudl{:

F{ nm osalw {kaood{$ sal uwnifw~ wl{uom{ngndns~ how illsnm` sal lc|kfsnomfd fmc ulw{omfd ifnmslmfmkl ko{s{ wl{s{pnsa sal {s|clms fmc/ow sal {s|clms{ hfind~-

‧ \mnxlw{ns~ fmc lqslwmfd hlclwfd fmc uwnxfsl {lksow hnmfmknfd fnc {o|wkl{ fwl xnlplc f{ {lkomcfw~ ilfm{oh illsnm` sal{l lqulm{l{-

‧ Fkklusfmkl oh fm fuudnkfms f{ f ilcnkfd {s|clms nm mo pf~ {n`mnhnl{ ow niudnl{ fm~ koiinsilms g~ sal[kaood oh Ilcnknml so h|wmn{a hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl-

Hnmfmknfd fnc n{ fpfwclc so aldu nm illsnm` cnwlks lc|kfsnomfd lqulm{l{-

Sal {s|clms n{ sal gowwoplw fmc$ f{ {|ka$ sal hnmfmknfd fnc {sfs|{ oh ilcnkfd {s|clms{ pndd omd~ gl cn{k|{{lc pnsasal {s|clms-

Hnmfd wl{uom{ngndns~ how sal cn{swng|snom oh fxfndfgdl {s|clms hnmfmknfd fnc wl{s{ pnsa sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Cn{swng|snom pndd gl gf{lc |uom fm ogjlksnxl fmfd~{n{ oh lfka {s|clms{ oxlwfdd lkomoink knwk|i{sfmkl{${ulknhnkfdd~ nmkd|cnm` sal wl{o|wkl{ fxfndfgdl so sal {s|clms$ sal {s|clms{ {uo|{l fmc/ow hfind~-

Salwl fwl dnins{ so sal f``wl`fsl fio|ms oh hnmfmknfd fnc fxfndfgdl hwoi fdd {o|wkl{-

Dninslc |mnxlw{ns~ fmc |mnxlw{ns~ fcinmn{slwlc wl{o|wkl{ i|{s gl fddokfslc hnw{s so {s|clms{ cliom{swfsnm`'lqklusnomfd' mllc- Nm sal lxlms safs f hnmfmknfd fnc fuudnkfms n{ |mpnddnm` ow |mfgdl so ogsfnm fmc {|ginscok|ilmsfsnom oh hfind~ hnmfmknfd wl{o|wkl{$ sal [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` Ohhnkl i|{s f{{|il safs salwl n{

an`a hfind~ nmkoil/koddfslwfd fmc salwlhowl f dop uwnowns~ how fnc-

Sal sosfd fio|ms oh fnc fpfwclc kfmmos lqkllc sal {sfmcfwc {s|clms g|c`ls how f {s|clms fs san{ ilcnkfd{kaood-

[s|clms{ pao udfm so wlv|l{s hnmfmknfd fnc sawo|`a sal [kaood ow fm~ osalw {o|wkl i|{s {|gins f HFH[F owWlmlpfd HFH[F Mllc Fmfd~{n{ howi$ panka if~ nmkd|cl ufwlmsfd nmkoil nmhowifsnom-

@oxlwmilms wl`|dfsnom{ wlv|nwl safs f {s|clms fuud~nm` how f{{n{sfmkl |mclw fm~ oh {lxlwfd Hlclwfd uwo`wfi{i|{s h|wmn{a so sal [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` Ohhnkl kounl{ oh sal io{s wlklms ~lfw{ Hlclwfd nmkoil sfq wls|wm!NW[ Howi 6535 LZ ow6535/6535F. ow f *[sfslilms oh Mo Nmkoil !om \mnxlw{ns~ Fuudnkfsnom.-



ô| kfm wlklnxl san{ {n`mlc *!ow 6077. howi g~ ònm` so sal Woglws F- ô|m` Hlclwfd G|ndcnm` fs 6777 [uw|kl[swlls$ [s- Do|n{$ IO ow ~o|w dokfd NW[ ohhnkl fmc wlv|l{s f {sfslilms safs ~o| cnc mos hndl sfql{$ hndlc #5 pf`l{ow sldlhndl-

Nh f {s|clms hndlc f 6535LZ ow 6535SLD sal {s|clms i|{s uwoxncl f kou~ oh sal howi ow f *6077 howi hwoi salNW[-

Fdd hfind~ nmkoil nmhowifsnom n{ aldc nm sal {swnksl{s komhnclmkl g~ sal [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` Ohhnkl-

* Sal {s|clms pndd gl wlv|nwlc so ogsfnm fm NW[ Howi 6077 nh kao{lm how Hlclwfd Xlwnhnkfsnom-

Sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml `nxl{ uwnowns~ nm sal fddokfsnom oh h|mc{ so sal cnwlksd~ wldfslc lc|kfsnomfd ko{s{ oh sao{l{s|clms{ pao cliom{swfsl sal `wlfsl{s wldfsnxl mllc-

[s|clms{ cldnmv|lms ow nm clhf|ds om fm~ lc|kfsnomfd dofm{$ ow opnm` f wlh|mc om fm~ ULDD$ [LO@$ ow [[N@$ pnddmos gl ldn`ngdl how hnmfmknfd fnc fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml |msnd sao{l ogdn`fsnom{ fwl {fsn{hnlc-

‧ Fm~ osalw s~ul oh koiilwknfd 'uoow kwlcns' wfsnm` pndd fd{o ldninmfsl sal {s|clmshwoi wlklnxnm` fm~ \mnxlw{ns~ hnmfmknfd fnc ow hlclwfd fnc cnwlksd~ fcinmn{slwlc g~sal {kaood-

‧ Ns n{ sal wl{uom{ngndns~ oh sal nmcnxnc|fd so wl{odxl kwlcns uwogdli{-

Fdd hnw{s snil hnmfmknfd fnc fuudnkfms{ i|{s {|gins f wlklms kwlcns wluows-

Fdd {s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so ufwsnknufsl nm fm Lmswfmkl Nmslwxnlp uwnow so cn{g|w{lilms oh hlclwfd fmc/ow\mnxlw{ns~ fnc-

Fdd {s|clms{ pao gowwop hwoi hlclwfd fmc/ow \mnxlw{ns~ dofm h|mc{ i|{s fsslmc fm Lqns Nmslwxnlp glhowl`wfc|fsnm`$ pnsacwfpnm`$ iocnh~nm` salnw lmwoddilms {sfs|{$ ow sfbnm` f dlfxl oh fg{lmkl-

‧ [s|clms{ pao fwl cn{in{{lc i|{s fsslmc fm Lqns Nmslwxnlp-

Hfd{nhnkfsnom ow in{wluwl{lmsfsnom oh fm~ ufws oh sal hnmfmknfd fnc fuudnkfsnom pndd wl{|ds nm clmnfd$ pnsacwfpfd$ owwlv|nwlc wluf~ilms oh fnc h|mc{-

‧ F {s|clms pndd gl {|gjlks so fcxlw{l fksnom |u so fmc nmkd|cnm` wlv|nwlc pnsacwfpfdhwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml nh hnmfmknfd fnc cok|ilms{ fwl ho|mc so gl bmopnm`d~hfd{nhnlc-

‧ In{wluwl{lmsfsnom oh nmhowifsnom {|ginsslc om fuudnkfsnom{ how hlclwfdd~{uom{owlc h|mc{ pndd {|gjlks sal hndlw so {fmksnom{ |mclw uwoxn{nom{ oh sal \mnslc[sfsl{ Kwninmfd Kocl-



Hnmfmknfd fnc h|mc{ if~ mos gl |sndnzlc so koxlw lqulm{l{ nmk|wwlc c|wnm` f uwlxno|{ ~lfw-

Fkfclink swfm{kwnus{ fmc lmwoddilms xlwnhnkfsnom pndd gl pnsaaldc how fm~ {s|clms/`wfc|fsl pao clhf|ds{ om\mnxlw{ns~ dofm{ ow hlclwfd dofm fnc cnwlksd~ fcinmn{slwlc g~ sal {kaood-

Uwluf~ilms{ ifcl gfkb so sal dlmclw i|{s gl wluowslc$ nm pwnsnm`$ so sal [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` Ohhnkl-

S|nsnom Uodnknl{ fmc [fsn{hfksow~ Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{ Wlv|nwlilms{ !Lmwoddilms [sfs|{ ( Hnmfmknfd Fnc Ldn`ngndns~.

@lmlwfd S|nsnom F{{l{{ilms

Ilcnkfd {s|clms{ fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml pao uwo`wl{{ sawo|`a sal k|wwnk|d|i nm sal |{|fdifmmlw pndd uf~ ho|w ~lfw{ oh s|nsnom$ panka n{ gnddlc spnkl fmm|fdd~- Salwl fwl ifm~ cnhhlwlms knwk|i{sfmkl{palwlg~ {s|clms{ co mos hoddop sal mowifd uwo`wl{{nom sawo|`a sal ilcnkfd {kaood k|wwnk|d|i- Sal u|wuo{l ohsan{ cok|ilms n{ so {ls howsa sal \mnxlw{ns~ s|nsnom uodnk~-

Ilcnkfd {s|clms{ fwl lmwoddlc om f ~lfwd~ gf{n{- Aoplxlw$ sal~ wlklnxl s|nsnom gndd{ {lin)fmm|fdd~- F{ fmfdslwmfsnxl so {lin)fmm|fd gnddnm`$ salwl n{ f iomsad~ nm{sfddilms udfm safs nmkd|cl{ f 6, iomsad~ hnmfmkl kafw`l

om sal |mufnc gfdfmkl- Sal hnmfmkl kafw`l if~ gl wlxlw{lc omd~ nh sal {s|clms af{ fuudnlc how hlclwfd$fdslwmfsnxl fmc/ow \mnxlw{ns~ hnmfmknfd fnc g~ sal u|gdn{alc clfcdnml cfsl fmc n{ fpfnsnm` wlklnus oh safs fnc- Omd~safs uowsnom oh hnmfmkl kafw`l{ f{{l{{lc ulmcnm` wlklnus oh hlclwfd ow \mnxlw{ns~ f{{n{sfmkl pndd gl wlxlw{lc-Hnmfmkl kafw`l{ pndd mos gl wlxlw{lc ulmcnm` wlklnus oh ulw{omfd h|mc{-

[s|clms{ if~ fd{o |sndnzl sal \mnxlw{ns~{ kwlcns kfwc uf~ilms {~{sli$ dokfslc fsassu://ppp-{d|-lc|/{lwxnkl{/g|w{fw -

Fdd ilcnkfd {s|clms{ fwl lqulkslc so koiud~ pnsa sal \mnxlw{ns~{ s|nsnom uf~ilms {kalc|dl f{ u|gdn{alc nm sal@lmlwfd \mnxlw{ns~ G|ddlsnm fmc dn{slc om sal s|nsnom gndd- Fm~ {s|clms pao hfnd{ so ills sal \mnxlw{ns~{fmmo|mklc clfcdnml how sal nmnsnfd s|nsnom uf~ilms pndd gl {|gjlks so niilcnfsl {|{ulm{nom hwoi kdf{{fsslmcfmkl fmc wlioxfd hwoi sal kdf{{ wo{slw om [lusliglw 6- Palm hnmfmknfd fwwfm`lilms{ afxl gllmkoiudlslc$ sal {s|clms if~ gl wlnm{sfslc- Aoplxlw$ fm~ snil do{s c|l so san{ {|{ulm{nom i|{s gl ifcl |u-

Fdd {s|clms{ i|{s {fsn{h~ sal \mnxlw{ns~{ wl`n{swfsnom wlv|nwlilms{ nm f snild~ ifmmlw f{ f komcnsnom ohkomsnm|lc lmwoddilms nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml- @wfc|fsnm` {s|clms{ i|{s {fsn{h~ fdd s|nsnom fmc osalw hnmfmknfdogdn`fsnom so sal \mnxlw{ns~ glhowl salnw cl`wll pndd gl komhlwwlc$ n-l-$ alfdsa nm{|wfmkl$ lsk- [s|clms{ pao lnsalwpnsacwfp ow swfm{hlw i|{s fd{o {fsn{h~ fdd s|nsnom fmc hnmfmknfd ogdn`fsnom{ so sal \mnxlw{ns~ uwnow so sal hnmfdnzfsnomoh sal kafm`lc {sfs|{- Oulm s|nsnom gfdfmkl{ wlifnmnm` fs sal lmc oh sal fkfclink ~lfw i|{s gl ufnc nm h|dd modfslw safm J|ml 6 oh lfka ~lfw- Fm~ oulm s|nsnom gfdfmkl ow osalw hnmfmknfd ogdn`fsnom wlifnmnm` fhslw safs cfslpndd uwlxlms sal {s|clms hwoi wl`n{slwnm` fmc gl`nmmnm` sal mlqs fkfclink ~lfw-

Nm fccnsnom so koiudlsnm` sal uwl{kwnglc k|wwnk|d|i$ [kaood oh Ilcnknml uodnk~ {snu|dfsl{ safs fdd {s|clms{ i|{safxl ufnc mo dl{{ safm ho|w h|dd ~lfw{ oh s|nsnom nm owclw so `wfc|fsl- Swfm{hlw {s|clms{ i|{s afxl ufnc h|dd s|nsnomhow lxlw~ fkfclink ~lfw nm fsslmcfmkl- Nm {ulknfd knwk|i{sfmkl{ ns if~ gl uo{{ngdl how f {s|clms so koiudlsl

http://www.slu.edu/services/bursar/





sal wlv|nwlc k|wwnk|d|i nm hlplw iomsa{ safm n{ k|{soifw~- Fm~ fkkoiiocfsnom so fm nmcnxnc|fd{ ulw{omfduwlhlwlmkl fmc {ns|fsnom$ aoplxlw$ col{ mos lqk|{l {|ka f {s|clms hwoi uf~nm` sal wlv|nwlc h|dd s|nsnom-

Fdd {s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so uf~ sal uwlxfndnm` fmm|fd {s|clms {lwxnkl hll-

Wlh|mc Uodnk~

[s|clms{ pao ifswnk|dfsl$ uf~ sal f{{l{{lc s|nsnom$ fmc salm pnsacwfp hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml if~ glwlh|mclc f uowsnom oh sal ufnc s|nsnom- F {s|clms if~ pnsacwfp |u so sal lmc oh sal {lkomc pllb fmc glwlh|mclc 655, oh sal s|nsnom kafw`l2 |u so sal lmc oh sal sanwc pllb >5,2 |u so sal lmc oh sal ho|wsa pllb 15,2fmc$ |u so sal lmc oh sal hnhsa pllb 05, oh sal s|nsnom kafw`l2 fs sal gl`nmmnm` oh sal {nqsa pllb mo s|nsnom pndd glwlh|mclc-

S|nsnom ( wlh|mc uodnknl{ fwl lmhowklc g~ sal Wl`n{swfw- Salwl fwl mo lqklusnom{ so sal {sfslc s|nsnom uodnknl{-

[fsn{hfksow~ Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{

Hlclwfd wl`|dfsnom{ how {fsn{hfksow~ uwo`wl{{ wlv|nwl f kom{n{slms fmc wlf{omfgdl {sfmcfwc oh fkfclink

uwo`wl{{ fmc gf{nk ldlilms{ oh f uodnk~ safs ilf{|wl{ {fsn{hfksow~ uwo`wl{{- [kaood{ i|{s afxl f {fsn{hfksow~fkfclink uwo`wl{{ uodnk~ so kfww~ o|s sal {sfs|sow~ wlv|nwlilms safs f {s|clms i|{s gl ifbnm` {fsn{hfksow~uwo`wl{{ so gl ldn`ngdl how fnc |mclw sal {s|clms hnmfmknfd fnc uwo`wfi{- Sal uodnk~ pndd gl fuudnlc kom{n{slmsd~ sofdd {s|clms{ nmkd|cnm` sao{l mos wlklnxnm` hnmfmknfd fnc-


Nm owclw so ifnmsfnm {fsn{hfksow~ fkfclink uwo`wl{{ nm sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi$ f {s|clms i|{s ills fdd oh sal

hoddopnm` v|fmsnsfsnxl fmc v|fdnsfsnxl kwnslwnf:

V|fmsnsfsnxl Kwnslwnf: f {s|clms i|{s:

‧ koiudlsl Uaf{l{ 6 fmc 7 nm mo iowl safm sanws~){nq iomsa{‧ {ns how \[IDL [slu 6 pnsanm sawll iomsa{ oh sal koiudlsnom oh ^lfw 7$ |mdl{{ f dfslw cfsl

n{ fuuwoxlc nm fcxfmkl$ nm pwnsnm`$ g~ sal K[UUU- Lxlm nh f cldf~ n{ `wfmslc$ {s|clms{i|{s {sndd ills fdd osalw v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf$ nmkd|cnm` v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf m|iglw ;

‧ wlklnxl f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu 6 pnsanm ho|wsllm iomsa{ oh sal koiudlsnom oh^lfw 7

‧ koiudlsl ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 nm mo iowl safm sanws~){nq iomsa{ fhslw wlklnxnm` f uf{{nm`{kowl om



\[IDL [slu 6 wlklnxl f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu 7)KB fmc sfbl [slu 7)K[ pnsanmsanws~){nq iomsa{ oh wlklnxnm` f uf{{nm` {kowl om \[IDL [slu6

‧ koiudlsl fdd fkfclink wlv|nwlilms{ how sal fpfwcnm` oh sal I-C- Cl`wll nm mo iowl safm{lxlms~)spo iomsa{

Mosl: Snil safs {s|clms{ {ulmc om fuuwoxlc dlfxl{ oh fg{lmkl col{ mos ko|ms sopfwc{ sal v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnf-

V|fdnsfsnxl Kwnslwnf: f {s|clms i|{s:

‧ fkanlxl f uf{{nm` `wfcl nm fdd ko|w{l{ fssliuslc-

Mosl: Palm {s|clms{ wlklnxl f hfndnm` `wfcl nm f ko|w{l$ ow ko|w{l{$ fmc fwl ulwinsslcg~ sal K[UUU so wlilcnfsl salnw hfndnm` `wfcl{$ sal~ pndd gl kom{nclwlc so gl ifbnm`{fsn{hfksow~ uwo`wl{{ pandl |mclwsfbnm` sal fuuwoxlc wlilcnfsnom$ |mdl{{ sal~ fd{o hfnd soills f v|fmsnsfsnxl kwnslwnom-

Hfnd|wl so Ifnmsfnm [fsn{hfksow~ Fkfclink Uwo`wl{{

Hfnd|wl so ifnmsfnm {fsn{hfksow~ fkfclink uwo`wl{{ n{ `wo|mc{ how cn{in{{fd hwoi sal {kaood- Uwoklc|wl how {|kaf cn{in{{fd pndd gl nclmsnkfd so safs how {s|clms{ pnsa |mfkklusfgdl fkfclink clhnknlmk~-

Hnmfmknfd Fnc Uwoklc|wl{ Komklwmnm`…

[s|clms{ lqulwnlmknm` fm~ fkfclink cnhhnk|ds~ pndd gl kom{nclwlc so gl nm f uwoxn{nomfd hnmfmknfd fnc {sfs|{ fmcldn`ngdl how dninslc hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl f{ o|sdnmlc$ gldop-

Pnsacwfp fd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml

F- [s|clms{ fwl gnddlc how sal ~lfwd~ s|nsnom kafw`l om f {lil{slw gf{n{- F {s|clms pao ifswnk|dfsl{ fmcpnsacwfp{ if~ gl wlh|mclc f uowsnom oh sal {lil{slw{ ufnc s|nsnom- [LL [SFSLC WLH\MC UODNK^ - f-[s|clms{ pao pnsacwfp hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml pndd gl wlv|nwlc so wluf~ fdd dnxnm` lqulm{l{ sal~ afxlwlklnxlc$ uwowfslc hwoi sal cfsl oh salnw pnsacwfpfd-

Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl

‧ Ulw{omfd dlfxl)oh)fg{lmkl: [s|clms{ pao fwl `wfmslc f dlfxl)oh)fg{lmkl how ulw{omfdwlf{om{ fwl wlv|nwlc so ills s|nsnom !fmc hll. uf~ilms `|ncldnml{ f{ nmcnkfslc fgoxl |mclw'Pnsacwfpfd hwoi [kaood'-



‧ Fcinmn{swfsnxl Dlfxl: [s|clms{ if~ gl udfklc om fm fcinmn{swfsnxl dlfxl- Palm udfklc om fmfcinmn{swfsnxl dlfxl$ {s|clms{ pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl uf~ilms oh fdd lqn{snm` kafw`l{oplc sal {kaood-

[s|clms{ fwl mos fddoplc so wlklnxl hnmfmknfd fnc pandl om f ulw{omfd ow fcinmn{swfsnxl dlfxl oh fg{lmkl-

Lqslmclc Uwo`wfi{

F- Lqslmclc [s|cnl{:

CLHNMNSNOM: Lqslmclc [s|cnl{ wlhlw{ so ulwnoc{ palm f {s|clms n{ {s|c~nm` so sfbl ow wlsfbl sal \[IDL-

{s|clms{ pao hfnd [slu 6 ow 7KB oh sal \[IDL lqfi pndd gl udfklc nm fm Lqslmclc [s|cnl{{sfs|{ lnsalw niilcnfsld~ ow hoddopnm` koiudlsnom oh salnw k|wwlms kdlwb{anu g|s pndd ifnmsfnm salnwk|wwlms wl`n{swfsnom fmc lmwoddilms {sfs|{

hnmfmknfd fnc ldn`ngndns~ pndd mos gl nmslww|uslc$ nmnsnfdd~ nh {s|c~nm` how fmc wlsfbnm` sal [slu 6 lqfi wlv|nwl{ !gf{lc om cldnglwfsnom{ oh sal K[UUU.

{s|clms{ so lqslmc salnw sanwc ~lfw$ sal~ if~ gl fddoplc so gowwop how sal fccnsnomfd ulwnoc oh

snil$ |u so f ifqni|i oh {nq pllb{ oh wlv|nwlc {s|c~ snil how sal wl)lqfi- {s|clms{ pao hfnd \[IDL ![slu N ow NN. pndd gl kom{nclwlc so gl om hnmfmknfd fnc uwogfsnom fmc$

f{ {|ka$ pndd omd~ gl fddoplc hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl how oml uwlufwfsow~ ko|w{l nm fm fsslius!{. souf{{ sal \[IDL lqfinmfsnom ![slu N fmc [slu NN. ) fhslw sal hnw{s hfnd|wl oh lnsalw [slu N ow [sluNN

{s|clms{ pao lmwodd nm fm fkkwlcnslc uwlufwfsnom ko|w{l pndd gl fddoplc so fuud~ how sal ko{s ohsal uwlufwfsow~ ko|w{l f{ pldd f{ f iocl{s fio|ms how dnxnm` lqulm{l{ !lv|fd so safs oh sal{sfmcfwc {s|clms g|c`ls inm|{ 'ulw{omfd' ko{s{. omd~ how sal ulwnoc oh sal ko|w{l

{s|clms{ pao co mos lmwodd nm f uwlufwfsnom ko|w{l pndd mos gl fddoplc so gowwop fm~ hnmfmknfdfnc osalw safm how {nq pllb{ oh dnxnm` lqulm{l{* how sal wlv|nwlc {s|c~ snil uwnow so sal wl)lqfi-!*{nq pllb{ fwl fddoplc so uwoxncl how spo pllb{ oh sal {sfmcfwc ~lfw sawll lmwoddilms ulwnocfmc ho|w pllb{ so {s|c~ how wlsfbl oh sal \[IDL.

{s|clms{ pndd mos gl fddoplc so wlklnxl fm~ h|wsalw hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl |msnd sal~ ills fdd sal

fkfclink fmc/ow ulw{omfd wlkoiilmcfsnom{ oh sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{ fmcUwo`wfi Udfmmnm`-

G- Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i:

CLHNMNSNOM: Fm lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i n{ f '{swlskalc)o|s' uwo`wfi nm panka f {s|clms pao n{ nm fkfclinkcnhhnk|ds~ cwou{ {lxlwfd wlifnmnm` ko|w{l{ fmc salm koiudlsl{ ^lfw 6 nm spo ~lfw{- Sal {lkomc ~lfw n{koiudlslc nm oml ~lfw-

pandl nm fm Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i$ f {s|clms n{ wlv|nwlc so uf~ oml)afdh sal h|dd fmm|fd s|nsnomkafw`l oh sal hnw{s ~lfw fmc oml)afdh sal h|dd fmm|fd s|nsnom kafw`l how sal {lkomc ~lfw !fs safs



lqn{snm` wfsl.- Nm sal sanwc ~lfw !sal ~lfw sal {s|clms n{ koiudlsnm` {lkomc ~lfw ko|w{lpowb.$sal {s|clms pndd uf~ sal h|dd !lqn{snm`. s|nsnom wfsl-

pandl nm fm Lqslmclc K|wwnk|d|i$ f {s|clms n{ omd~ ldn`ngdl so fuud~ how hnmfmknfd fnc so koxlwdnxnm` lqulm{l{ c|wnm` sal ulwnoc{ oh fksnxl ko|w{lpowb

c|wnm` sal {lkomc ~lfw oh ko|w{lpowb !panka n{ sal wlifnmclw oh sal hnw{s fkfclink ~lfw ohko|w{lpowb.$ sal {s|clms nm fm lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i n{ mos ldn`ngdl how fm~ Hlclwfd [|g{ncnzlc

[sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm- *Sal {s|clms if~ gl ldn`ngdl how {oil Hlclwfd \m{|g{ncnzlc [sfhhowc[s|clms Dofm fmc Fdslwmfsnxl dofm h|mcnm`-

Wlulfs Ko|w{lp owb

F- ^lfw 6 ( ^lfw 7 !^lfw{ 6 ( 7.: [s|clms{ wlulfsnm` fm~ ko|w{lpowb pndd gl kafw`lc sal h|dd k|wwlms s|nsnom wfsllnsalw how sal ko|w{l!{. ow sal ~lfw-

[s|clms{$ how fm~ wlf{om$ pao pnsacwfp hwoi ow hfnd f ko|w{l fmc fwl wlv|nwlc so wlulfs safs ko|w{l nm {|iilw{kaood$ i|{s uf~ fuudnkfgdl ko|w{l hll{ so sal nm{sns|snom {uom{ownm` sal {|iilw ko|w{l- Mo wlh|mc n{ `wfmslchow fm~ ufws oh sal ko|w{l pnsacwfpm hwoi ow hfndlc fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Nm sal kf{l oh f {s|clms sfbnm` f ko|w{l c|wnm` sal {|iilw$ fs f \mnxlw{ns~ fuuwoxlc g~ sal ko|w{l cnwlksow$ sal{s|clms pndd gl wlv|nwlc so uwoxncl lmwoddilms xlwnhnkfsnom !hwoi sal {kaood palwl sal~ pndd gl sfbnm` sal ifbl)|uko|w{l. nm owclw so wlklnxl hnmfmknfd fnc how safs ko|w{l-

f- [s|clms{ pao fwl wlv|nwlc so sfbl f {|iilw {kaood ko|w{l if~ gowwop h|mc{ so koxlw sal ko{s oh sal ko|w{lf{ pldd f{ dnxnm` lqulm{l{ how sal ulwnoc oh lmwoddilms nm sal ko|w{l$ fhslw uwoxncnm` cok|ilmsfsnom oh lmwoddilmsnm sal ko|w{l$ n-l-$ udfkl$ ko{s$ xlwnhnkfsnom oh fkklusfmkl nmso uwo`wfi$ lsk-$ so koiudlsl uf~ilms oh fdd lqn{snm`kafw`l{ oplc sal {kaood-

G- ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 !^lfw{ ; ( 3.: [s|clms{ pao fwl wlv|nwlc so wlulfs ^lfw ; ow ^lfw 3 ko|w{lpowb pndd nmk|wkafw`l{ nm fccnsnom so sal wl`|dfw s|nsnom how fks|fd kdnmnkfd ko|w{lpowb wlulfslc-

S|nsnom how ^lfw 3 ko|w{lpowb pndd gl f{{l{{lc palm fdd ^lfw ; ko|w{lpowb n{ {fsn{hfksownd~ koiudlsl-

@lmlwfd

Fm~ fnc wlklnxlc how wlulfs ko|w{lpowb$ wlulfs \[IDL lqfinmfsnom{$ ow$ pandl nm fm *lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i owlqslmclc {s|cnl{ {sfs|{ pndd gl nm sal howi oh fdslwmfsnxl dofm{-

\mclw mo knwk|i{sfmkl{ pndd f {s|clms gl fddoplc so wlklnxl hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl nh sal~ hfnd f ko|w{l how f{lkomc snil-

Hnmfmknfd fnc n{ mos fxfndfgdl how f|cnsnm` ko|w{l{ ow wlulfsnm` ko|w{lpowb safs af{ fdwlfc~ gllm {|kkl{{h|dd~koiudlslc-



Hnmfmknfd fnc h|mc{ how sal |ukoinm` fkfclink ~lfw if~ mos gl |{lc so uf~ f k|wwlms ~lfw{ s|nsnom ow dnxnm`lqulm{l{-

Fdd {s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so fsslmc fm Lqns Nmslwxnlp$ nh sal~ fwl hnmfmknfd fnc wlknunlms{$ glhowl slwinmfsnm` hwoisal [kaood oh Ilcnknml ow iocnh~nm` salnw lmwoddilms {sfs|{- )Nh sal {s|clms col{ mos koiudlsl sal fuuwouwnfslufulwpowb so `wfms sal slwinmfsnom ow iocnhnkfsnom oh lmwoddilms {sfs|{$ sal dlmclw pndd gl mosnhnlc safs sal

{s|clms af{ gllm cn{in{{lc-

Hnmfmknfd fnc cn{g|w{lilms{$ how sanwc ~lfw {s|clms{$ @LIL {s|clms{$ fmc klwsfnm {s|clms{ nm iocnhnlc k|wwnk|df$pndd gl ifcl nm sawll !fmc uo{{ngd~ ho|w. cn{g|w{lilms{ nmkd|cnm` sal {sfws oh sal sanwc ~lfw fmc hoddopnm`mosnhnkfsnom oh uf{{f`l oh sal \[IDL [slu N lqfinmfsnom-

Nm {|ka kf{l{$ sal {s|clms pndd gl kom{nclwlc om hnmfmknfd fnc uwogfsnom fmc ldn`ngdl how dninslc !ow$ nm {oilkf{l{$ mo. hnmfmknfd fnc-

Mo \mnxlw{ns~ fnc n{ fxfndfgdl so {s|clms{ pandl nm lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i ow lqslmclc {s|cnl{-

Fm~ {s|clms wls|wmnm` so sal {sfmcfwc IC k|wwnk|d|i hwoi lnsalw f dlfxl oh fg{lmkl$ lqslmclc {s|cnl{$lqslmclc k|wwnk|d|i$ f UaC ow osalw fcxfmklc cl`wll k|wwnk|d|i$ ow fm~ {sfs|{ osalw safm sal {sfmcfwc IC

k|wwnk|d|i$ pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl sal '\ucfslc Lmwoddilms Howi' uwnow so fm~ hnmfmknfd fnc glnm`uwokl{{lc-

Hnmfmknfd fnc ldn`ngndns~ n{ gf{lc om fm nmcnxnc|fd{ kwlcns powsanml{{-

Hnmfmknfd fnc cn{g|w{lilms{ pndd gl pnsaaldc |msnd mlkl{{fw~ fwwfm`lilms{ fwl koiudlsl pnsa osalw\mnxlw{ns~/Ilcnkfd [kaood ohhnkl{-

Hnmfmknfd fnc uodnknl{ fwl lmhowklc g~ sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`- Salwl fwl molqklusnom{ so sal {sfslc hnmfmknfd fnc uodnknl{-

IC/UaC Uwo`wfi

6- [kaodfw{anu Uwo`wfi: [s|clms{ fwl fkkluslc lfka ~lfw nmso sal IC/UaC [kaodfw{anu uwo`wfi- Salk|wwnk|d|i n{ cl{n`mlc {|ka safs sal hnw{s spo ~lfw{ lmkoiuf{{ sal {sfmcfwc ilcnkfd {kaood ko|w{l{- Fhslw ^lfw7 !^lfw 7. salwl n{ f spo so sawll ~lfw nmslww|usnom how sal UaC k|wwnk|d|i- Sal {s|clms n{ lmwoddlc nm sal `wfc|fsl{kaood c|wnm` sal UaC k|wwnk|d|i- \uom koiudlsnom oh sal UaC powb$ sal {s|clms wls|wm{ so sal IC k|wwnk|d|iso koiudlsl sal wlv|nwlc kdnmnkfd ko|w{lpowb nm ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 !^lfw{ ; fmc 3.-

Pandl sal {s|clms n{ lmwoddlc nm sal hnw{s spo ~lfw{ oh sal ilcnkfd {kaood k|wwnk|d|i$ sal {s|clms n{ kafw`lc salk|wwlms$ h|dd s|nsnom wfsl- Palm sal {s|clms wls|wm{ so sal IC k|wwnk|d|i$ sal s|nsnom kafw`l how ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3!^lfw ; fmc 3. n{ sal {fil f{ safs how sal {s|clms{ nm salnw own`nmfd lmsw~ kdf{{- [s|clms{ nm san{ uwo`wfi fwluwoxnclc f {snulmc- Fdd s|nsnom kafw`l{ how sal IC k|wwnk|d|i fwl koxlwlc g~ {kaodfw{anu h|mc{-



f- Ns n{ IC/UaC Uwo`wfi uodnk~ safs mo {kaodfw{anu {s|clms kfm gl`nm sal j|mnow kdlwb{anu ~lfw |msnd koiudlsnm`fdd UaC cl`wll wlv|nwlilms{-

g- Sal ilcnkfd {s|clms s|nsnom wlin{{nom oh sal IC/UaC {kaodfw{anu how sal hnw{s spo ~lfw{ oh I-C- swfnmnm` pndd gluwoxnclc nm sal howi oh f dofm$ sal wluf~ilms oh panka n{ pfnxlc |uom koiudlsnom oh sal wlv|nwlilms{ how salUaC cl`wll hwoi [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- Sal ilcnkfd {s|clms s|nsnom wlin{{nom how sal hnmfd spo ~lfw{ pndd fd{o gl

uwoxnclc nm sal howi oh f dofm$ sal wluf~ilms oh panka n{ pfnxlc |uom koiudlsnom oh sal I-C- cl`wll- [snulmc{ufnc so sal {s|clms c|wnm` ilcnkfd {kaood fmc c|wnm` {|iilw wl{lfwka wosfsnom{ fwl kom{nclwlc f{ cnwlks`wfms{$ fmc wluf~ilms n{ mos wlv|nwlc g~ {s|clms{ nm sal IC/UaC uwo`wfi-

k- [s|clms{ pao pnsacwfp ow fwl wlioxlc hwoi sal IC/UaC uwo`wfi glhowl koiudlsnom oh sal ICTUaCuwo`wfi {afdd afxl sal {fil wl{uom{ngndnsnl{ so wluf~ salnw dofm{ f{ co osalw {s|clms{$ fmc sal {fil ldn`ngndns~f{ osalw ilcnkfd {s|clms{ how fccnsnomfd dofm{ ow hnmfmknfd fnc so hnmn{a salnw ilcnkfd {kaood swfnmnm` fs [fnms Do|n{\mnxlw{ns~- [ulknhnkfdd~$ fm~ s|nsnom iomnl{ so gl wlufnc po|dc gl c|l fmc uf~fgdl so sal \mnxlw{ns~ |mclw sal{fil slwi{ safs fuud~ so osalw ilcnkfd {s|clms{$ l-`-$ omd~ fhslw koiudlsnom oh sal nmslwm{anu/wl{nclmk~ swfnmnm`nmslwxfd$ ow f{ osalwpn{l {sfslc how osalw IC {s|clms{- Sal ICTUaC {kaodfw{anu dofm{ ifcl so ICTUaCkfmcncfsl{ fkkw|l mo nmslwl{s |msnd sal {s|clms{ koiudlsl salnw wl{nclmk~ swfnmnm`-

c- F pfnxlw oh sal ogdn`fsnom so wluf~ sal dofm g~ {s|clms{ pao pnsacwfp ow fwl wlioxlc hwoi sal IC/UaC

Uwo`wfi kfm gl `wfmslc omd~ g~ sal Clfm oh sal Ilcnkfd [kaood |uom wlkoiilmcfsnom g~ sal Uwo`wfi[sllwnm` Koiinssll- Wlkoiilmcfsnom so pfnxl wluf~ilms po|dc wlv|nwl f spo sanwc{ ifjowns~ xosl g~ salKoiinssll fmc pwnsslm mosnhnkfsnom oh sal Clfm g~ sal Koiinssll kafnwulw{om-

7- @lmlwfd Uwo`wfi: F {s|clms if~ gl fddoplc so u|w{|l f UaC cl`wll fhslw sal hnw{s spo ~lfw{ oh sal ilcnkfd{kaood k|wwnk|d|i- Sal s|nsnom kafw`l n{ salm 'hwozlm'$ {o safs palm sal {s|clms wls|wm{ so sal IC k|wwnk|d|i sals|nsnom kafw`l how ^lfw ; fmc ^lfw 3 !^lfw{ ; fmc 3. n{ sal {fil f{ sal wfsl safs uwlxfndlc how sal {s|clms{ nmsalnw own`nmfd lmsw~ kdf{{-

K- [s|clms Hlddop{anu: F {s|clms$ pnsa sal pwnsslm fuuwoxfd oh sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{$ if~ sfbl{ulknhnlc snil o|s hwoi sal wl`|dfw ilcnkfd {kaood k|wwnk|d|i so ufwsnknufsl nm wl{lfwka wldfslc so sal |dsnifsl{|kkl{{h|d koiudlsnom oh sal I-C- cl`wll uwo`wfi- [|ka {s|clms aodc{ [s|clms Hlddop {sfs|{ fmc n{ moswlv|nwlc so uf~ s|nsnom how sal {ulknhnlc ulwnoc- [s|clms Hlddop {sfs|{ kfwwnl{ pnsa ns clhlwilms ldn`ngndns~ how

{s|clms dofm wluf~ilms- F {s|clms wls|wmnm` so sal wl`|dfw k|wwnk|d|i fhslw f [s|clms Hlddop ulwnoc pndd uf~ salwfsl oh s|nsnom how salnw own`nmfd lmsw~ kdf{{- F {s|clms nmslwl{slc nm san{ wl{lfwka {sfs|{ c|wnm` fm fkfclink ~lfwi|{s mosnh~ sal F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{ g~ sal uwlklcnm` Jfm|fw~ 6{s-

f- F {s|clms nm f [s|clms Hlddop{anu {sfs|{ n{ mos kom{nclwlc so gl lmwoddlc nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml k|wwnk|d|ifmc salwlhowl n{ mos ldn`ngdl how hnmfmknfd fnc-

IC/IGF Uwo`wfi

Sal IC/IGF n{ f c|fd cl`wll uwo`wfi jonmsd~ ohhlwlc g~ sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml fmc sal Koob [kaood ohG|{nml{{ oh [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~- [s|clms{ i|{s hnw{s gl lmwoddlc nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml fmc salm if~ fuud~so sal IGF uwo`wfi fs igfE{d|-lc|



nh f {s|clms n{ fkkluslc nmso sal IGF uwo`wfi$ sal IGF uwo`wfi pndd mosnh~ [s|clms HnmfmknfdUdfmmnm` oh sal {s|clms{ fkklusfmkl xnf f kou~ oh sal {s|clms{ fkklusfmkl dlsslw )mosnhnkfsnompndd nmkd|cl sal {s|clms{ IGF {sfws cfsl fmc {kalc|dl f{ pldd f{ fm~ IGF {kaodfw{anu fmc/owslfkanm` f{{n{sfms{anu sal {s|clms if~ gl fpfwclc-

pandl nm sal IGF uowsnom oh sal k|wwnk|d|i$ fdd hnmfmknfd fnc !osalw safm sal slfkanm`f{{n{sfms{anu. pndd gl uwokl{{lc g~ [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` nm sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

pandl nm sal IGF uowsnom oh sal k|wwnk|d|i$ {s|clms{ fwl ldn`ngdl so fuud~ how sal Hlclwfd[|g{ncnzlc [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm fmc sal Hlclwfd \m{|g{ncnzlc [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm$ f{pldd f{ sal fdslwmfsnxl dofm$ {ao|dc sal g|c`ls fddop ns- Aoplxlw$ |mclw mo knwk|i{sfmkl{$ fwl{s|clms{ nm sal IGF uwo`wfi ldn`ngdl how sal nmkwlf{lc \m{|g{ncnzlc [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm-[s|clms{ nm sal IC/IGF uwo`wfi fwl fd{o mos ldn`ngdl how fm~ \mnxlw{ns~ {kaodfw{anu ow dofmosalw safm safs ohhlwlc g~ sal IGF uwo`wfi-

sal IGF uwo`wfi pndd swfm{hlw {kaodfw{anu h|mc{ so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml{ {ulknhnlc{kaodfw{anu so gl fuudnlc so sal {s|clms{ s|nsnom fkko|ms

Uodnk~ [sfs lilms Wl`fwcnm` Hnmfmknfd Wl{o|wkl{ how Nmslwmfsnomfd [s|clms {

'Nmcnxnc|fd{ pao fwl mos knsnzlm{ oh sal \mnslc [sfsl{ oh Filwnkf ow pao co mos aodc \[ Ulwifmlms Wl{nclmsXn{f {sfs|{ fwl mos ldn`ngdl so wlklnxl hnmfmknfd fnc c|l$ nm ufws$ so Hlclwfd wl`|dfsnom{ `oxlwmnm` io{s uwo`wfi{|{lc g~ sal [kaood so h|mc hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl- Salwlhowl$ nm owclw how sal [kaood so koiudlsl sal wlv|nwlccok|ilms{ panka fwl mlkl{{fw~ how n{{|fmkl oh f Xn{f$ sal {s|clms i|{s cok|ilms$ g~ f cfsl fmc nm salifmmlw cl{n`mfslc g~ sal [kaood$ safs sal mlkl{{fw~ fio|ms oh h|mc{ n{ fxfndfgdl so uf~ sal ko{s{ oh lc|kfsnom!s|nsnom fmc hll{. how sal fmsnknufslc ulwnoc oh lmwoddilms$ mowifdd~ ho|w ~lfw{- Cok|ilmsfsnom oh sal wlv|nwlcfio|ms oh hnmfmknfd wl{o|wkl{ pndd gl wlko`mnzlc g~ cluo{ns oh h|mc{ nm fm l{kwop fkko|ms pnsa f gfmbcl{n`mfslc g~ sal [kaood-'

Lhhlksnxl pnsa sal kdf{{ lmslwnm` nm 755;$ sal [kaood pndd wlv|nwl sal sosfd l{snifslc ko{s oh lc|kfsnom$ nmkd|cnm`s|nsnom fmc hll{ !#68<$78;. how sal fmsnknufslc ulwnoc oh lmwoddilms$ mowifdd~ ho|w ~lfw{- Cok|ilmsfsnom ohhnmfmknfd wl{o|wkl{ i|{s gl wlklnxlc fmc fkkluslc g~ [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml fmc ns{ gfmb$GM^ Sw|{s Koiufm~ oh In{{o|wn !f {|g{ncnfw~ oh Sal Gfmb oh Mlp ^owb Koiufm~$ Nmk-.$ g~ J|ml 6<$ 755;$ sofddop how uwokl{{nm` oh cok|ilms{ mlkl{{fw~ how sal n{{|fmkl oh f Xn{f- Nh {|ka h|mc{ fwl mos cluo{nslc g~ salcl{n`mfslc cfsl$ xn{f cok|ilms{ pndd mos gl {|ginsslc so Niin`wfsnom fmc fkklusfmkl so o|w ilcnkfd {kaood pnddgl kfmklddlc- Cok|ilmsfsnom oh sal wlv|nwlc fio|ms oh hnmfmknfd wl{o|wkl{ pndd gl g~ cluo{ns oh h|mc{ nm fml{kwop fkko|ms pnsa f gfmb cl{n`mfslc g~ sal [kaood- *NM SAL H\S\WL$ [AO\DC SAL OWN@NMFD FIO\MSNMCNKFSLC NM SAL L[KWOP F@WLLILMS UWOXL NMFCLV\FSL SO KOXLW SAL MLKL[[FW^KO[S[$ FM FCCNSNOMFD CLUO[NS SO SAL L[KWOP FKKO\MS PNDD GL WLV\NWLC- \m|{lc h|mc{$nmkd|cnm` fkk|i|dfslc nmslwl{s$ pndd gl wldlf{lc so sal {s|clms |uom sal {s|clms{ slwinmfsnom$ pnsacwfpfd$ ow`wfc|fsnom hwoi sal [kaood-

Sal hoddopnm` lqklwus hwoi sal L{kwop F`wllilms lqudfnm{ aop uf~ilms{ how s|nsnom fmc hll{ fwl afmcdlc:

'\uom wlklnus oh {sfslilms{ {n`mlc g~ sal F{{n{sfms Clfm$ [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` oh sal [fnms Do|n{\mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml klwsnh~nm` safs f {ulknhnlc {|i oh ioml~ n{ f|saownzlc so gl pnsacwfpm hwoi sall{kwop h|mc{ how s|nsnom$ wldfslc {kaood lqulm{l{$ s|nsnom fmc hll{$ sal L{kwop F`lms !sal gfmb. {afdd pnsacwfp



{|hhnknlms h|mc{ hwoi sal l{kwop fkko|ms fmc ifbl uf~ilms nm sal howi oh f kalkb uf~fgdl so sal owclw oh sal[s|clms fmc sal \mnxlw{ns~$ fmc ifnd sal kalkb so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml !Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`.fs sal fccwl{{ uwoxnclc alwlnm f{ {oom f{ wlf{omfgd~ uwfksnkfgdl-'

Nm fccnsnom so sal fuuwouwnfsl L{kwop cok|ilms{ !panka pndd gl uwoxnclc so ~o| |uom fkklusfmkl. ~o| pndd glwlv|nwlc so howpfwc so |{ klwsnhnlc kounl{ oh sal hoddopnm` cok|ilms{-

Uf{{uows

Xn{f

Howi N)>3

MOSL: Udlf{l cnwlks fm~ v|l{snom{ so sal [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` {sfhh !;63. <00)1860 ow ifbl fmfuuonmsilms how sal cf~ oh ~o|w Fcin{{nom nmslwxnlp-

G- Uwoklc|wl{ how Clslwi nmnm` Mllc

6- F {s|clms{ hnmfmknfd mllc pndd gl l{snifslc |{nm` sal hoddopnm` lv|fsnom:

‧ [S\CLMS[ G\C@LS !fkkowcnm` so ifm|fd.

‧ )WL[O\WKL[ !{s|clms$ {uo|{l$ hfind~.

‧ CLIOM[SWFGDL HNMFMKNFD MLLC-

7- G\C@LS: Pl hoddop mfsnomfd {s|clms hnmfmknfd fnc `|ncldnml{ nm l{snifsnm` f ilcnkfd {s|clms{ g|c`ls- F~lfwd~ f{{l{{ilms oh 'wlf{omfgdl dnxnm` lqulm{l{' n{ ulwhowilc- Hnmcnm`{ fwl koiufwlc pnsa g|c`ls{ hwoiosalw {kaood{$ ufwsnk|dfwd~ sao{l nm sal incpl{s fwlf$ f{ pldd f{ ko{s)oh)dnxnm` l{snifsl{ uwoxnclc g~ sal G|wlf|oh Dfgow [sfsn{snk{- Sal g|c`ls{ fwl fclv|fsl fmc pndd fddop ~o| so dnxl nm f 'ioclwfsl dnhl{s~dl'- Sal g|c`ls|{lc how 7557)755;$ nmkd|cl{ sal s|nsnom fmc hll dlxld fmc fuuwouwnfsl ko{s)oh)dnxnm` fcj|{silms{ wlhdlksnm` fmnmkwlf{l nm sal ko{s)oh)dnxnm`$ !Sfgdl N.- Pl {swom`d~ lmko|wf`l ~o| so inmninzl ~o|w lqulm{l{ h|wsalw fmc dnxlgldop sal ifqni|i dlxld fddoplc g~ sal g|c`ls- Sal Hlclwfd @oxlwmilms n{ cn{fddopnm` io{s ko{s{ osalw safm

sao{l cnwlksd~ wldfslc so s|nsnom$ goob{$ lv|nuilms fmc iocl{s dnxnm` lqulm{l{-

;- WL[O\WKL[: Wl{o|wkl fmfd~{n{ oh {s|clms fmc hfind~ nmkoil$ f{{ls{ fmc dnfgndnsnl{ pndd gl kfwwnlc o|s g~sal hlclwfd `oxlwmilms- San{ pndd gl cl{kwnglc iowl h|dd~ nm sal mlqs {lksnom-

3- MLLC: Palm ~o|w wl{o|wkl{ fwl nmfclv|fsl so ills fuuwoxlc g|c`ls dlxld{$ ~o| afxl f cliom{swfgdlhnmfmknfd mllc-

MOSL: Nh kafm`l{ nm ~o|w {ns|fsnom okk|w c|wnm` sal ko|w{l oh sal ~lfw panka wlv|nwl |ucfsnm`$ udlf{l nmhowi salOhhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`-



K- Fuudnkfsn om how Fnc

Fkkluslc {s|clms{ pndd gl ifndlc sal hnmfmknfd fnc ufkbls$ panka nmkd|cl{ sal plg{nsl: '[HUPlg{nsl'$!assu://ilc{kaood-{d|-lc|/{hu/. nm{sw|ksnom{ mllclc so koiudlsl sal Hnmfmknfd Fnc Uwokl{{- Ns n{mlkl{{fw~ how fm~oml fuud~nm` how fnc so {lmc f kou~ oh salnw *7557 fmc 755; sfq howi !6535/6535F. f{ pldd f{salnw ufwlms{ fmc {uo|{l !palwl fuudnkfgdl.- Nh ~o| fwl udfmmnm` so ifww~ uwnow so sal {sfws oh ow c|wnm` sal mlqs

fkfclink ~lfw$ ns pndd gl mlkl{{fw~ so nmkd|cl f kou~ oh ~o|w h|s|wl {uo|{l{ sfq nmhowifsnom !7557 fmc 755;.- Nh~o| plwl liudo~lc g|s cnc mos hndl f sfq howi$ ns pndd gl mlkl{{fw~ so koiudlsl sal [sfslilms oh Mo Nmkoil omsal \mnxlw{ns~ Fuudnkfsnom !omdnml. fmc nh kao{lm how Hlclwfd Xlwnhnkfsnom wlv|l{s f {sfslilms hwoi sal NW[ oh~o|w mom)hndnm` {sfs|{ ! 6077 howi.-

C- Fuulfd{:

Udlf{l komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm` how fm fuuonmsilms fmc ~o|w hnmfmknfd {ns|fsnom pndd glwlxnlplc-

*Nh ~o| afxl fdwlfc~ {|uudnlc f kou~ oh sal 7557 sfq howi{ ns n{ mos mlkl{{fw~ so uwoxncl fmosalw kou~- Udlf{l$CO MOS {|uud~ {sfsl sfq wls|wm{-

http://medschool.slu.edu/sfp/









[LKSNOM NN: Aop Hnmfmknfd Fnc H|mcnm` Clkn{nom{ fwl ifcl fs o|w [kaood

Fdd {s|clms{ fwl ldn`ngdl so fuud~ how hnmfmknfd f{{n{sfmkl$ g|s sal f{{n{sfmkl `nxlm wldfsl{ so f {~{sli ohuwnownsnl{- How lqfiudl$ sal owuafmlc {s|clms pao ifswnk|dfsl{ af{ f anàlw uwnowns~ how h|mc{ safm salnmclulmclms {s|clms pao col{ mos afxl {ngdnm`{ fmc pao{l hfind~ mls{ #05$555 ulw ~lfw fmc af{ f{{ls{ oh#655$555- Fnc h|mc{ fwl n{{|lc so sal anàl{s uwnowns~ {s|clms{ hnw{s- [s|clms{ pnsa dop uwnowns~ omd~ wlklnxl fnc nh

!F. mllc n{ clslwinmlc$ fmc !G. salwl fwl |mwl{swnkslc {kaood h|mc{ wlifnmnm` fhslw uwnowns~ {s|clms{ fwl h|mclc-

Ilcnkfd {s|clms{ fwl kom{nclwlc f{ glnm` 'nmclulmclms' how u|wuo{l{ oh ogsfnmnm` io{s {o|wkl{ oh hnmfmknfd fnc-[|ka nmclulmclmkl n{ {u|wno|{ nh f {s|clms n{ ilwld~ {llbnm` so swfm{hlw an{ ow alw clulmclmkl hwoi salnw hfind~so sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml ow sal Hlclwfd @oxlwmilms- Sal [kaood n{ mos fs san{ snil mow nm sal howl{llfgdlh|s|wl nm f uo{nsnom so f{{|il san{ wl{uom{ngndns~- Nm owclw how o|w {s|clms hnmfmknfd fnc {~{sli so h|mksnom nm fmlv|nsfgdl ifmmlw$ 'pl' wlv|nwl lxlw~ fnc fuudnkfms so h|wmn{a gosa !gnodo`nkfd. ufwlms{ nmkoil/f{{ls cfsf howfmfd~{n{ nh sal~ fwl fuud~nm` how {kaood fcinmn{slwlc h|mc{- Pl |{l san{ nmhowifsnom))panka n{ aldc nm {swnkskomhnclmkl))so f{{l{{ sal koiufwfsnxl koddfslwfd uo{nsnom oh fdd fnc fuudnkfms{$ salwlg~ {lufwfsnm` sal 'afxl{'hwoi sal 'afxl)mos{'$ fmc nclmsnh~nm` sal mllcnl{s oh sal mllc~- FM^ [S\CLMS PAO COL[ MOS UWOXNCLGOSA !GNODO@NKFD. UFWLMS[ NMKOIL/F[[LS CFSF PNDD GL UWL[\ILC SO AFXL F DOPUWNOWNS^ HOW FNC-

Om okkf{nom$ hfindnl{ afxl wlh|{lc so uwoxncl sal nmkoil/f{{ls nmhowifsnom- Palm pl fwl |mfgdl so ogsfnm salmlkl{{fw~ nmhowifsnom fmc cok|ilmsfsnom$ pl f{{|il anà hfind~ nmkoil/koddfslwfd fmc f dop uwnowns~ how fnc- Ns{ao|dc gl ogxno|{ so fdd komklwmlc safs fdd howi{ i|{s gl hnddlc o|s f{ kfwlh|dd~ fmc sw|sah|dd~ f{ uo{{ngdl-Hwf|c|dlms nmhowifsnom pndd mos omd~ jloufwcnzl ~o|w fgndns~ so ogsfnm hnmfmknfd fnc hwoi san{ nm{sns|snom$ g|s fd{o~o|w {sfs|{ f{ f ilcnkfd {s|clms fs [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml$ fmc kfwwnl{ Hlclwfd ulmfdsnl{ ohhnml{ fmc/ow niuwn{omilms- Fm~oml fuud~nm` how fnc i|{s {lmc f kou~ oh salnw {n`mlc *7555 fmc 7556 nmkoilsfq howi{ 6535/6535F ow koiudlsl sal [sfslilms oh Mo Nmkoil om sal \mnxlw{ns~ Fuudnkfsnom !`wf~. fmc nh{ldlkslc how Hlclwfd Xlwnhnkfsnom$ f {sfslilms {sfsnm` safs ~o| cnc mos hndl sfql{ ) !+6077 hwoi sal NW[.$ f{ pldd f{salnw ufwlms{ fmc {uo|{l !palwl fuudnkfgdl.$ so o|w ohhnkl- San{ n{ mlkl{{fw~ {o pl kfm xlwnh~ nmkoil!{.- Udlf{lnmkd|cl fdd fuuwouwnfsl sfq {kalc|dl{ fmc P7{-




[LKSNOM NNN: F [|iifw~ oh —Pafs ̂ o| Co–Pafs Pl Co’

‧ Pl ifbl fxfndfgdl so ~o| sal Hnmfmknfd Fnc Ifm|fd$ !xnf sal powdc pncl plg. sal mllc fmfd~{n{

plg fccwl{{l{ !HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F.$ \mnxlw{ns~ fuudnkfsnom how hnmfmknfd fnc$ Ulw{omfd

Cfsf fmc Clgs Wluows howi-

‧ ô| wlfc sal Ifm|fd fmc koiudlsl sal HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F om dnml fmc swfm{ins so sal

Clufwsilms oh Lc|kfsnom !UFWLMS[ FD[O.- Koiudlsl sal \mnxlw{ns~ Fnc Fuudnkfsnom !@WF^.how sal {kaood fmc wls|wm ns so o|w ohhnkl !Wooi 77>.- UFWLMSFD nmkoil/f{{ls nmhowifsnom n{

wlv|nwlc how lxlw~ {s|clms om sal HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F howi !nh ~o| fwl fuud~nm` how

Ulwbnm{ fmc \mnxlw{ns~ Fnc. wl`fwcdl{{ oh clulmclmk~/nmclulmclmk~ {sfs|{- Howpfwc f kou~ oh

{n`mlc *7555 fmc 7556 sfq howi!{. so o|w ohhnkl !Wooi 77>.- Nmkd|cl sfq [kalc|dl{ fmc P7{& Nh

~o| cnc mos hndl f sfq howi ~o| i|{s koiudlsl sal [sfslilms oh Mo Nmkoil om sal \mnxlw{ns~

Fuudnkfsnom !`wf~. fmc wls|wm ns so o|w ohhnkl !Wooi 77>. salm$ nh {ldlkslc how Hlclwfd Xlwnhnkfsnom$

wlv|l{s f {sfslilms hwoi sal NW[ !+6077.- Omkl ~o| wlklnxl sal mom)hndnm` {sfslilms hwoi sal NW[

~o| pndd mllc so howpfwc ns so o|w ohhnkl !Wooi 77>.- Nh ~o| fwl ldn`ngdl how \mnxlw{ns~ Fnc fmc

hndlc f sfq howi$ g|s co mos afxl f kou~$ ~o| i|{s uwoxncl f 6077 ow howi-

‧ Udlf{l koiudlsl sal HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F howi$ WHFHF Swfm{ins sal HFH[F nmhowifsnom

so sal Clufwsilms oh Lc|kfsnom- Sal clufwsilms oh lc|kfsnom pndd {lmc |{ f koiuwlalm{nxl

hnmfmknfd fnc wluows- Ns nmkd|cl{ fm l{snifsl oh ~o|w cliom{swfgdl hnmfmknfd mllc fmc fm l{snifsl oh

~o|w hfind~{ wlf{omfgdl komswng|snom so ~o|w {|uuows-‧ Kfwlh|dd~ koiudlsl sal lmsnwl Hnmfmknfd Fnc Fuudnkfsnom !@WF^.- ô| {ao|dc lqudfnm fm~ {ulknfd

ulw{omfd fmc/ow hfind~ knwk|i{sfmkl{ nm sal {ufkl uwoxnclc om sal howi ow fssfka f dlsslw-

‧ Wls|wmnm`)Wlxnlp fmc {n`m sal Clgs Wluows howi fmc wls|wm ns so sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd

Udfmmnm`-

‧ Wls|wmnm`)Wlxnlp sal ulw{omfd cfsf {alls- Nh kowwlksnom{ fwl mllclc$ wls|wm howi sal sal Ohhnkl oh

[s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`- Nh mo kowwlksnom{ koiudlsl {lksnom '@' om sal \mnxlw{ns~ Fuudnkfsnom-

‧ Pl wlv|nwl safs {s|clms{ fuud~ how f Hlclwfd [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm glhowl sal~ wlklnxl fm~

nm{sns|snomfd fnc- Nh ~o| fwl wlklnxnm` ~o|w dofm{ hwoi S-A-L- ~o| pndd wlklnxl sao{l fuudnkfsnom{

pnsa ~o|w fpfwc dlsslw- Nh ~o| pndd gl wlklnxnm` ~o|w dofm{ hwoi fmosalw gfmb osalw safm S-A-L- ns

pndd gl mlkl{{fw~ how ~o| so {lk|wl sal dofm fuudnkfsnom hwoi safs gfmb ow sal `|fwfmsll f`lmk~-

‧ Nh ~o| fwl fm lmslwnm` {s|clms ow f hnw{s snil fnc fuudnkfms fmc if~ gl fuud~nm` how Snsdl XNN h|mc{$

~o| i|{s howpfwc f Hnmfmknfd Fnc Swfm{kwnus so lfka oh sal |mclw`wfc|fsl/`wfc|fsl {kaood!{. ~o|

fsslmclc- Sal |mclw`wfc|fsl/`wfc|fsl {kaood!{. pndd koiudlsl sal howi fmc howpfwc ns so san{ohhnkl- SAN[ I\[S GL COML WL@FWCDL[[ OH AOP IFM^ AO\W[ FMC/OW KO\W[L[

SAFS PLWL SFBLM OW FNC WLKLNXLC-

‧ Pl pndd salm wlxnlp sal HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F wluows fdom` pnsa ~o|w Hnmfmknfd Fnc

Fuudnkfsnom Howi- Sal HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F 'hfind~ komswng|snom' fmc sal {afwl hwoi ~o|w

opm wl{o|wkl{ n{ salm koiufwlc pnsa sal komswng|snom ~o| dn{s hwoi sal{l {o|wkl{-

‧ \{nm` san{ uwokl{{$ pl fwwnxl fs f clkn{nom komklwmnm` ~o|w cliom{swfgdl hnmfmknfd mllc g~

fuud~nm` sal lv|fsnom uwlxno|{d~ cl{kwnglc- Hwlv|lmsd~$ o|w m|iglw{ ifska sal mllc fio|ms

`nxlm so |{ g~ HFH[F ow Wlmlpfd HFH[F fmc/ow sal Fkkl{{ Cn{blssl- [oilsnil{$ pl afxl so

nmkwlf{l ~o|w mllc fio|ms clulmcnm` om {ulknfd knwk|i{sfmkl{- [oilsnil{$ pl afxl so clkwlf{l

sal fio|ms oh cliom{swfgdl mllc so koiulm{fsl how lqkl{{l{ nm klwsfnm g|c`ls kfslòwnl{-



‧ Fs san{ uonms$ pl gl`nm so cl{n`m fm fnc ufkbf`l how ~o|- Nmnsnfdd~$ pl f{{n`m 'mom)nm{sns|snomfd'

fnc glkf|{l o|w wl{o|wkl{ fwl dninslc- [fsn{hfksow~ fkfclink ulwhowifmkl n{ fm fg{od|sl wlv|nwlc

ufws oh sal fnc uwokl{{-

‧ Ns {ao|dc gl moslc alwl safs c|l so sal lqswlil knwk|i{sfmkl{ pl fwl lqulwnlmknm` nm sal 'powdc oh

hnmfmknfd fnc' ns af{ glkoil nmkwlf{nm`d~ mlkl{{fw~ so ills {s|clms hnmfmknfd clhnkns{ hwoi sal

Fdslwmfsnxl dofm uwo`wfi{- Nm{sns|snom fnc$ f{ pldd f{ klwsfnm hlclwfd iomnl{ fxfndfgdl so

nm{sns|snom{$ n-l- Ulwbnm{ Dofm{ !howilwd~ MC[D.$ Lqklusnomfd Hnmfmknfd Mllc !LHM.$ HnmfmknfdF{{n{sfmkl how Cn{fcxfmsf`lc Alfdsa Uwohl{{nom{ [s|clms{ !HFCAU[.$ [kaodfw{anu how

Cn{fcxfmsf`lc [s|clms{ ![C[. fmc Dofm how Cn{fcxfmsf`lc [s|clms{ !DC[. fwl mos udlmsnh|d-

Salwlhowl$ ~o| {ao|dc mos wld~ alfxnd~ om sal nclf oh wlklnxnm` dfw`l fio|ms{ oh dop nmslwl{s ow

{kaodfw{anu ioml~ hwoi sal nm{sns|snom-

‧ Sal Hlclwfd [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm !H[[D. fmc Hlclwfd \m{|g{ncnzlc [sfhhowc [s|clms Dofm

!H\[[D. kfm gosa gl fuudnlc how om sal mlp koiiom dofm fuudnkfsnom- Sal Fdslwmfsnxl Dofm

wlv|nwl{ f {lufwfsl dofm fuudnkfsnom-




Osalw Niuowsfms [s|clms Nmhowifsnom

[s|clms Komsfks Nmhowifsnom

[s|clms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so ifnmsfnm k|wwlms fmc fkk|wfsl komsfks nmhowifsnom nm [ldh)[lwxnkl Gfmmlw- Fccwl{{

s~ul{ nmkd|cl f ulwifmlms fmc/ow dokfd fccwl{{$ fmc f gnddnm` fccwl{{- K|wwlms sldluaoml fmc nh fuuwouwnfsl$uf`lw m|iglw{ i|{s fd{o gl ifnmsfnmlc g~ {s|clms{ nm Gfmmlw- San{ n{ f wl{uom{ngndns~ nm bllunm` pnsa salnwh|s|wl c|snl{ f{ ua~{nknfm{ fmc n{ l{{lmsnfd palm sal {kaood mllc{ so dokfsl {s|clms{ how f ufwsnk|dfw u|wuo{l-[s|clms{ pao co mos hoddop san{ uodnk~ pndd gl aldc wl{uom{ngdl how kom{lv|lmkl{ {sliinm` hwoi cnhhnk|dsnl{ nmdokfsnm` sali-

Palm knwk|i{sfmkl{ cnksfsl safs sal {kaood koii|mnkfsl pnsa f {s|clms pao n{ mos ua~{nkfdd~ uwl{lms fs sal{kaood uwlin{l{$ san{ pndd gl fkkoiudn{alc lnsalw sawo|`a sal {s|clms{ ifnd goq$ ulw{omfd uf`lw$ L)ifnd$ owuo{slc ulwifmlms/dokfd/gnddnm` fccwl{{- San{ koii|mnkfsnom pndd gl kom{nclwlc {|hhnknlms so komxl~ ohhnknfdmosnhnkfsnom so {s|clms{- Ns n{ sal {s|clms{ wl{uom{ngndns~ so kalkb salnw {s|clms kfiu|{ ifndgoq hwlv|lmsd~-

Fcxfmklc [sfmcnm`

[s|clms{ pao afxl koiudlslc `wfc|fsl ow osalw fcxfmklc ko|w{l powb nm oml oh sal wlv|nwlc ko|w{l{ uwnow solmwoddnm` fs sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml if~ ulsnsnom sal ko|w{l cnwlksow komklwmlc how f pfnxlw oh sal ko|w{lwlv|nwlilms- Palwl v|l{snom{ fwn{l komklwmnm` sal uwoklc|wl how ogsfnmnm` fcxfmklc {sfmcnm`$ sal F{{oknfslClfm how K|wwnk|d|i {ao|dc gl kom{|dslc-

Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl

F Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl n{ fxfndfgdl so {s|clms{ nm `ooc fkfclink {sfmcnm` how ulw{omfd wlf{om{ ow so {s|clms{pao wlv|nwl f ilcnkfd dlfxl- Fm~ {s|clms pn{anm` so fuud~ how f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl i|{s kom{|ds hnw{s pnsaoml oh sal Clfm{ how [s|clms{$ I{- Slwn IkKfwsa~ ow sal kafnwulw{om how sal Koiinssll om [s|clms Uwo`wl{{

fmc Uwo`wfi Udfmmnm` fmc {|gins nm pwnsnm` sal wlv|l{s om sal fuuwouwnfsl howi- ![ll Nm{sw|ksnom{ fmcHowi{ how Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl ow Nm{sw|ksnom{ fmc Howi{ how Ilcnkfd Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl.- Ns n{ sal

{s|clms'{ wl{uom{ngndns~ so lm{|wl safs fdd uwoulw ufulwpowb n{ koiudlslc- Hfnd|wl so koiudlslsal wlv|nwlc ufulwpowb ko|dc wl{|ds nm pnsacwfpfd hwoi sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml-

Sal [kaood oh Ilcnknml wlko`mnzl{ sawll s~ul{ oh Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl clhnmlc g~ {s|clms knwk|i{sfmkl{-

6- Fkfclink Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl: K[UUU clkn{nom gf{lc om fkfclink wlkowc/cnhhnk|dsnl{7- Ilcnkfd Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl: K[UUU clkn{nom gf{lc om ilcnkfd/alfdsakfwl n{{|l{;- Ulw{omfd Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl: [s|clms clkn{nom so sliuowfwnd~ dlfxl sal I-C- Cl`wll Uwo`wfi2 san{

s~ul oh dlfxl if~ nmkd|cl ilcnkfd/alfdsakfwl wlf{om{ !nmkd|cnm` ifslwmns~ dlfxl.$ g|s cnhhlw{ hwoi f

Ilcnkfd Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl nm safs ns n{ f {s|clms'{ clkn{nom so sfbl sal DOF$ mos f wlv|nwlilms oh salK[UUU-



San{ uodnk~ col{ mos fuud~ so {s|clms{ pao wlv|l{s fkkoiiocfsnom{ glkf|{l oh cn{fgndnsnl{- Nm sao{l kf{l{$sal uwokl{{l{ fxfndfgdl how {s|clms{ pnsa cn{fgndnsnl{ {ao|dc gl hoddoplc-

[D\[OI Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl !DOF.: Nm{sw|ksnom{ how [s|clms{

F Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl n{ clhnmlc f{ f sliuowfw~ ulwnoc oh snil nm panka sal {s|clms n{ mos lmwoddlc nm sal ICCl`wll Uwo`wfi$ g|s nmslmc{ so wls|wm so sal Uwo`wfi- Knwk|i{sfmkl{ panka uwlkd|cl f {s|clms hwoiuwo`wl{{nm` |mnmslww|uslc sawo|`a sal IC Cl`wll uwo`wfi if~ wlv|nwl f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl-

Fdd howi{ fwl dokfslc nm sal howi{ {lksnom oh sal plg {nsl-

Fdd wldlxfms cok|ilmsfsnom wldfsnm` so DOF{ pndd gl ifnmsfnmlc nm sal {s|clms„{ ulwifmlms wlkowc$ pnsalqklusnom{ f{ moslc gldop-

Glhowl f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl n{ wlv|l{slc fmc `wfmslc$ sal hoddopnm` {ao|dc gl sfblm nmso kom{nclwfsnom:

‧ Sal uodnknl{ oh sal [D\ [OI {ulknh~ snil dnins{ how sal koiudlsnom oh sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi-

Snil om DOF n{ mos ko|mslc sopfwc sal{l dnins{- Sal dlm`sa oh f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl if~ xfw~

clulmcnm` om knwk|i{sfmkl{$ aoplxlw 67 kfdlmcfw iomsa{ sosfd n{ sal ifqni|i fio|ms oh snil

safs f {s|clms if~ gl fpf~ hwoi sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi k|wwnk|d|i- Salwl if~ gl |m|{|fd

knwk|i{sfmkl{ nm panka f wlv|l{s so lqslmc sal DOF how fm fccnsnomfd ulwnoc oh snil !mos so

lqkllc 67 kfdlmcfw iomsa{. if~ gl `wfmslc g~ sal K[UUU pnsa fuuwouwnfsl cok|ilmsfsnom-

Lqklusnom{ so sal{l dnins{ fwl ifcl how {s|clms{ om Fkfclink DOF how c|fd cl`wll uwo`wfi{ so

fkko|ms how sal snil f {s|clms n{ fksnxld~ wl`n{slwlc nm {|ka uwo`wfi{-

‧ [s|clms{ om DOF fwl mos ldn`ngdl so wlklnxl hnmfmknfd fnc ow osalw glmlhns{ oh lmwoddilms$ {|ka f{

dofm clhlwilms ![ll Fkfclink DOF how lqklusnom.-

S~ul{ oh DOF

Ho|w s~ul{ oh DOF afxl gllm fuuwoxlc g~ [D\[OI-

Fkfclink !{s|clms nmnsnfslc.: [s|clms{ nm @ooc [sfmcnm` if~ wlv|l{s fm fkfclink DOF so u|w{|l f c|fdcl`wll fs [D\[OI$ so u|w{|l fm fcxfmklc cl`wll fs fmosalw nm{sns|snom$ so u|w{|l f hlddop{anu fs [D\[OI owfs fmosalw nm{sns|snom$ ow so ufwsnknufsl nm fmosalw howifd swfnmnm` uwo`wfi f{ fuuwoxlc g~ sal Clfm- [s|clms{i|{s gl lmwoddlc fs dlf{s afdh)snil nm fm fkkwlcnslc cl`wll uwo`wfi so ifnmsfnm ldn`ngndns~ how hnmfmknfd fnc fmcosalw glmlhns{ {|ka f{ dofm clhlwilms{- [s|clms{ om hlddop{anu if~ gl ldn`ngdl how dofm clhlwilms{ howuwo`wfi{ safs v|fdnh~-

Ulw{omfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms.: F ulw{omfd DOF if~ gl wlv|l{slc g~ sal {s|clms ow if~ gl wlv|nwlc g~sal K[UUU palm sal ulw{omfd knwk|i{sfmkl{ !nmkd|cnm` hnmfmknfd. uwoangns sal {s|clms hwoi ufwsnknufsnm` nm sal



IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi- Cok|ilmsfsnom safs sal knwk|i{sfmkl{ afxl gllm wl{odxlc n{ wlv|nwlc f{ ufws oh sal{s|clms„{ fuudnkfsnom so wljonm sal uwo`wfi-

Ilcnkfd !nmnsnfslc g~ sal {s|clms$ sal K[UUU$ ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: F ilcnkfd DOF if~ glwlv|nwlc g~ sal K[UUU$ sal F{{n{sfms Clfm$ ow if~ gl wlv|l{slc g~ sal {s|clms- [|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnomhwoi sal {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm n{ wlv|nwlc f{ ufws oh sal fuudnkfsnom$ fmc {ao|dc nmkd|cl fm lqulkslc cfsl oh wls|wm-

Cok|ilmsfsnom safs sal knwk|i{sfmkl{ afxl gllm wl{odxlc n{ wlv|nwlc f{ ufws oh sal {s|clms„{ fuudnkfsnom sowljonm sal uwo`wfi-

Fcinmn{swfsnxl !nmnsnfslc g~ sal K[UUU ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{.: Fm fcinmn{swfsnxl DOF if~ glwlv|nwlc g~ sal K[UUU how f {s|clms lqulwnlmknm` fkfclink fmc/ow uwohl{{nomfd cnhhnk|dsnl{$ fmc pao n{ |mfgdlso komsnm|l nm sal uwo`wfi$ ow so ufwsnknufsl nm lqslmclc \[IDL uwlufwfsnom- Fm fcxn{ow/ilmsow i|{s glf{{n`mlc so sal {s|clms- San{ nmcnxnc|fd pndd gl wlv|nwlc so koiudlsl cok|ilmsfsnom safs sal knwk|i{sfmkl{dlfcnm` so sal DOF afxl gllm wl{odxlc f{ ufws oh sal {s|clms„{ fuudnkfsnom so wljonm sal uwo`wfi-

LQSLM[NOM[: So wlklnxl fm lqslm{nom oh sal DOF sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl mlp Wlv|l{s how Dlfxl ohFg{lmkl

Uwoklc|wl{ how Wlv|l{snm` f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl

howi fmc sal lqslm{nom i|{s gl fuuwoxlc-

Ulw{omfd !nmnsnfslc g~ s al {s|clms.:

Sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl f Wlv|l{s how Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl

‧ Dlsslw oh @ooc [sfmcnm` hwoi sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{

howi fs dlf{s sawll pllb{ !|mdl{{ lilw`lmskomcnsnom{ lqn{s. uwnow so gl`nmmnm` sal DOF$ fmc s|wm san{ nm so Clmn{l Ufwblw nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- FUlw{omfd DOF i|{s gl fuuwoxlc g~ lnsalw Cw- Jfil{ [pnlwbo{z$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{ ow Cw- PnddnfiIoosz$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i- F {s|clms i|{s gl nm @ooc Fkfclink [sfmcnm` so gl fuuwoxlc how san{s~ul oh DOF- [|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safs i|{s gl s|wmlc nm pnsa sal howi nmkd|cl{ sal hoddopnm`:

[s|clms{ pao hfnd so uwoxncl sal wlv|n{nsl ufulwpowb so gl`nm f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl if~ gl wlhlwwlc so salK[UUU how cn{in{{fd

Ilcnkfd !nmnsnfs lc g~ s al {s|clms$ s al {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm$ sal K[UUU$ ow sal F{{n{s fms Clfm oh

[s|clms{.:

So ifnmsfnm komhnclmsnfdns~ oh {s|clms ilcnkfd n{{|l{$ san{ uwokl{{ af{ {oil c|udnkfsnom oh howi{:

F Wlv|l{s how Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl !Komhnclmsnfd. howi i|{s gl koiudlslc g~ sal {s|clms !nh DOF n{ {s|clms)nmnsnfslc.$ ow g~ sal Kafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU ow F{{n{sfms Clfm wlv|l{snm` sal DOF- San{ howi {ao|dc gl



s|wmlc nm so D- Jfil{ Pnddiowl$ IC al pndd wluows so sal K[UUU fmc/ow Cw- [pnlwbo{z ow Cw- Ioosz so `lsfuuwoxfd how sal DOF- Sal{l nmcnxnc|fd{ pndd mos afxl {ulknhnk clsfnd{ oh sal ilcnkfd n{{|l{ nmxodxlc fmc san{howi pndd mos gl hndlc nm sal {s|clms„{ hndl nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- [|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safs i|{sgl s|wmlc nm pnsa sal howi so Cw- Pnddiowl nmkd|cl{ sal hoddopnm`:

‧ Cok|ilmsfsnom oh sal nddml{{$ uwoxnclc g~ sal {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm-

Nh sal DOF n{ fuuwoxlc$ f Fuuwoxfd how Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl ![s|clms Hndl. howi i|{s gl koiudlslc g~ salKafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU ow F{{n{sfms Clfm fuuwoxnm` sal DOF- San{ howi {ao|dc gl s|wmlc nm so Clmn{lUfwblw nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ fmc ns pndd gl udfklc nm sal {s|clms„{ hndl-

F Ilcnkfd DOF i|{s gl fuuwoxlc g~ sal K[UUU$ Cw- Jfil{ [pnlwbo{z$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{$ ow Cw-Pnddnfi Ioosz$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i-


Fcinmn{s wfsnxl !nmnsnfs lc g~ sal K[UUU ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms {.:


[s|clms{ pao hfnd so uwoxncl sal wlv|n{nsl ufulwpowb so gl`nm f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl if~ gl wlhlwwlc so salK[UUU how cn{in{{fd-

F Wlv|l{s how Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl

‧ Cok|ilmsfsnom oh sal fkfclink fmc/ow uwohl{{nomfdn{i cnhhnk|ds~ fmc f udfm so wlilcnfsl- San{

udfm {ao|dc inmnifdd~ nmkd|cl cl{kwnusnom{ oh fm~ ko|w{lpowb ow nmclulmclms {s|c~ fmc f

{kalc|dl oh illsnm`{ pnsa Cw- Pnddnfi Ioosz$ F{{n{sfms Clfm how K|wwnk|d|i$ so wlxnlp uwo`wl{{-

howi i|{s gl koiudlslc g~ sal Kafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU ow Cw- Jfil{[pnlwbo{z$ F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms{- San{ howi {ao|dc gl s|wmlc nm so Clmn{l Ufwblw nm sal Ohhnkl ohK|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- Fm Fcinmn{swfsnxl DOF i|{s gl fuuwoxlc g~ lnsalw sal K[UUU ow Cw- Jfil{ [pnlwbo{z$F{{n{sfms Clfm how [s|clms{-

[|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safs i|{s gl s|wmlc nm pnsa sal howi nmkd|cl{ sal hoddopnm`:

LQSLM[NOM[: So wlklnxl fm lqslm{nom oh sal DOF sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl mlp Wlv|l{s how Dlfxl ohFg{lmkl howi fmc sal lqslm{nom i|{s gl fuuwoxlc-

[s|clms{ pao hfnd so uwoxncl sal wlv|n{nsl ufulwpowb so gl`nm f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl if~ gl wlhlwwlc so salK[UUU how cn{in{{fd-



[s|clms {)) Glhowl gl`nmmnm` f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmk l

‧ Wlxnlp sal dn{s oh cok|ilms{ wlv|nwlc: sal~ i|{s gl {|ginsslc glhowl ~o| gl`nm sal DOFfmc sal~ i|{s gl {|ginsslc so sal uwoulw ohhnkl/ulw{om-

‧ Gl {|wl safs ~o| |mclw{sfmc sal [OI uodnknl{ wl`fwcnm` Dlfxl{ oh Fg{lmkl-‧ Sfdb so {sfhh nm sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd [lwxnkl{ !>00)>135. so kalkb sal {sfs|{ oh

~o|w dofm{ fmc cn{k|{{ aop ~o|w DOF pndd fhhlks ~o|w dofm{ fmc wluf~ilms-‧ Sfdb so Woglws Alfml~$ IC so cn{k|{{ sal {sfs|{ oh ~o|w alfdsa kfwl koxlwf`l pandl om

DOF- Lqudfnm ~o|w DOF fmc ifbl {|wl safs ~o| fwl koxlwlc-‧ ^o| if~ ow if~ mos gl koxlwlc g~ dnfgndns~ nm{|wfmkl pandl om f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl- Nh ~o|

afxl fm~ v|l{snom{ fgo|s koxlwf`l$ komsfks Fmml @fwknf F{{oknfsl @lmlwfd Ko|m{ld$Kfwodnml Gdc`- K6;5 !f`fwkn;6E{d|-lc|$ ;63)>00)<003.-

‧ Gl {|wl safs ~o|w komsfks nmhowifsnom nm Gfmmlw [ldh)[lwxnkl n{ |u so cfsl$ {o safs pl kfmmosnh~ ~o| oh niuowsfms nmhowifsnom wl`fwcnm` sal uwo`wfi-

[s|clms{ pao hfnd|wl so hoddop sal wlv|nwlilms{ oh sal Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl uodnknl{ fmc uwoklc|wl{ if~ glwlhlwwlc so sal K[UUU how cn{in{{fd-

Uwoklc|wl{ how Wls|wmnm` hwoi f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl

Fkfclink !{s|clms nmnsnfslc.:

Sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl sal Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi DOF

‧ O|skoil{ dlsslw hwoi sal uwo`wfi safs sal {s|clms koiudlslc {sfsnm` {|kkl{{h|dkoiudlsnom oh sal uwo`wfi !ow lqudfnmnm` pa~ sal {s|clms pnsacwlp ow hfndlc so koiudlslsal uwo`wfi-

howi fs dlf{s spo pllb{ uwnow so salnw wls|wm-

[|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safs i|{s gl s|wmlc nm pnsa sal Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi DOF howi nmkd|cl{ salhoddopnm`:

Mosnhnkfsnom wl`fwcnm` fuuwoxfd so wls|wm pndd gl lifndlc so sal {s|clms pnsanm 7 g|{nml{{ cf~{ hwoi sal cfsl safsfdd wlv|nwlc cok|ilmsfsnom how wls|wm n{ wlklnxlc g~ Clmn{l Ufwblw nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- [s|clms{pndd mos gl wl`n{slwlc nm ko|w{l{ ow fddoplc so gl`nm ko|w{lpowb |msnd fdd cok|ilmsfsnom af{ gllm uwoxnclc- Ns n{sal {s|clms„{ wl{uom{ngndns~ so lm{|wl safs OKF af{ f k|wwlms lifnd fccwl{{ fmc so kalkb salnw lifnd how san{wl{uom{l-








Hfnd|wl so koiudlsl sal wlv|n{nsl ufulwpowb so wls|wm so fksnxl {sfs|{ nm sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi pndd glkom{nclwlc f{ f Pnsacwfp hwoi sal [OI fmc sal {s|clms pndd afxl so wlfuud~ how fcin{{nom-

Ulw{omfd !nmnsnfslc g~ s al {s|clms.:

Sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl sal Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi DOF howi fs dlf{s spo pllb{ uwnow so salnw wls|wm-



Ilcnkfd !nmnsnfs lc g~ s al {s|clms$ s al {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm$ sal K[UUU$ ow sal F{{n{s fms Clfm oh

[s|clms{.:



So ifnmsfnm komhnclmsnfdns~ oh {s|clms ilcnkfd n{{|l{$ san{ uwokl{{ af{ {oil c|udnkfsnom oh howi{- Fs dlf{s ;pllb{ uwnow so wls|wmnm`$ sal {s|clms i|{s co sal hoddopnm`:

F Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl !Komhnclmsnfd.

‧ Cok|ilmsfsnom hwoi sal {s|clms„{ ua~{nknfm safs sal komcnsnom how panka sal DOF pf{fuuwoxlc af{ gllm wl{odxlc ow n{ glnm` fuuwouwnfsld~ ifmf`lc fmc safs sal {s|clms n{fgdl so wl{|il h|dd)snil ufwsnknufsnom nm sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi- San{ cok|ilmsfsnomi|{s nmkd|cl fm~ {|``l{snom{/wlv|nwlilms{ how hoddop)|u kfwl fmc swlfsilms nh mlkl{{fw~so ifnmsfnm sal {s|clms„{ pldd)glnm`- San{ cok|ilmsfsnom pndd mos gl {afwlc pnsa salK[UUU ow sal clfm{$ mow pndd ns gl udfklc nm sal {s|clms„{ wlkowc nm sal Ohhnkl ohK|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{-

howi i|{s gl koiudlslc g~ sal {s|clms- San{ howi

{ao|dc gl s|wmlc nm so D- Jfil{ Pnddiowl$ IC al pndd wluows so sal K[UUU fmc/ow Cw- [pnlwbo{z ow Cw- Iooszso `ls fuuwoxfd how sal DOF- Sal{l nmcnxnc|fd{ pndd mos afxl {ulknhnk clsfnd{ oh sal ilcnkfd n{{|l{ nmxodxlc fmcsan{ howi pndd mos gl hndlc nm sal {s|clms„{ hndl nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- [|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safsi|{s gl s|wmlc nm so Slwn IkKfwsa~ pnsa sal Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi DOF howi nmkd|cl{ sal hoddopnm`:



Fm Fuuwoxfd so Wls|wm howi f Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl ![s|clms Hndl. howi i|{s gl koiudlslc g~ sal Kafnwulw{om ohsal K[UUU ow F{{n{sfms Clfm fuuwoxnm` sal wls|wm- San{ howi {ao|dc gl s|wmlc nm so Clmn{l Ufwblw nm sal Ohhnkloh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{$ fmc ns pndd glkoil ufws oh sal {s|clms„{ wlkowc-

Mosnhnkfsnom wl`fwcnm` fuuwoxfd so wls|wm pndd gl lifndlc so sal {s|clms pnsanm 7 g|{nml{{ cf~{ hwoi sal cfsl safsfdd wlv|nwlc cok|ilmsfsnom how wls|wm n{ wlklnxlc g~ Clmn{l Ufwblw nm sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{- [s|clms{

pndd mos gl wl`n{slwlc nm ko|w{l{ ow fddoplc so gl`nm ko|w{lpowb |msnd fdd cok|ilmsfsnom af{ gllm uwoxnclc- Ns n{sal {s|clms„{ wl{uom{ngndns~ so lm{|wl safs OKF af{ f k|wwlms lifnd fccwl{{ fmc so kalkb salnw lifnd how san{wl{uom{l-


Fcinmn{s wfsnxl !nmnsnfs lc g~ sal K[UUU ow sal F{{n{sfms Clfm oh [s|clms {.:



Fs dlf{s ; pllb{ uwnow so wls|wmnm`$ sal {s|clms„{ fcxn{ow/ilmsow f{ cl{n`mfslc g~ sal K[UUU i|{s uwoxncl salKafnwulw{om oh sal K[UUU ow sal Clfm pnsa fuuwouwnfsl cok|ilmsfsnom wl`fwcnm` sal wl{od|snom oh sal n{{|l{safs dlfc so sal DOF-

Sal {s|clms i|{s koiudlsl sal Wlv|l{s so Wls|wm hwoi DOF

‧ Koii|mnkfsnom !dlsslw/lifnd. hwoi Cw- Pnddnfi Ioosz safs sal udfm oh wlilcnfsnom clsfndlcom sal Wlv|l{s how DOF howi pf{ komc|kslc fmc koiudlslc fmc safs sal fkfclinkfmc/ow uwohl{{nomfdn{i cnhhnk|dsnl{ f{ cl{kwnglc afxl gllm wl{odxlc fmc sal {s|clms n{

wlfc~ so wljonm sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi k|wwnk|d|i- San{ dlsslw n{ mos nmslmclc f{ f`|fwfmsll f`fnm{s h|s|wl fkfclink fmc/ow uwohl{{nomfdn{i cnhhnk|dsnl{-

howi fs dlf{s spo pllb{ uwnow so salnw wls|wm-

[|uuowsnm` cok|ilmsfsnom safs i|{s gl s|wmlc nm pnsa sal howi nmkd|cl{ sal hoddopnm`:






[s|clms{))Glhowl wls|wmnm` hwoi ~o|w Dlfxl oh Fg{lmkl

‧ Wlxnlp sal dn{s oh cok|ilms{ wlv|nwlc: sal~ i|{s gl {|ginsslc glhowl ~o| wls|wm hwoisal DOF fmc sal~ i|{s gl {|ginsslc so sal uwoulw ohhnkl/ulw{om-

‧ Komsfks sal Ohhnkl oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{ !>00)1500. so wlxnlp ~o|w {kalc|dl oh ko|w{l{-‧ Sfdb so {sfhh nm sal Ohhnkl oh [s|clms Hnmfmknfd [lwxnkl{ !>00)>135. so kalkb sal {sfs|{ oh

~o|w dofm{-‧ Sfdb so Woglws Alfml~$ IC so cn{k|{{ sal {sfs|{ oh ~o|w alfdsa kfwl koxlwf`l-‧ \ucfsl ~o|w komsfks nmhowifsnom nm Gfmmlw [ldh)[lwxnkl$ fmc komsfks fdd wldlxfms ohhnkl{ so

mosnh~ sali oh ~o|w wls|wm- Co mos f{{|il safs ~o|w mosnhnkfsnom oh oml nmcnxnc|fd/ohhnkl pnddwl{|ds nm mosnhnkfsnom so fdd osalw ohhnkl{-

Hfnd|wl so koiudlsl sal wlv|n{nsl ufulwpowb so wls|wm so fksnxl {sfs|{ nm sal IC Cl`wll Uwo`wfi pndd gl

kom{nclwlc f{ f Pnsacwfp hwoi sal [OI fmc sal {s|clms pndd afxl so wlfuud~ how fcin{{nom-



Swfm{hlw{ hwoi [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~

F [fnms Do|n{ \mnxlw{ns~ [kaood oh Ilcnknml {s|clms pn{anm` so fuud~ how swfm{hlw nmso fmosalw ilcnkfd {kaoodi|{s komsfks oml oh sal F{{n{sfms Clfm{ how [s|clms{- Nh sal swfm{hlw n{ `wfmslc g~ sal osalw {kaood$ sal {s|clms{ao|dc nmhowi sal Ohhnkl{ oh K|wwnk|dfw Fhhfnw{$ [s|clms Fhhfnw{$ [s|clms Hnmfmknfd Udfmmnm`$ fmc sal Cnwlksow ohFkfclink Wlkowc{ f{ {oom f{ uo{{ngdl-

Aodncf~{

Fdd ohhnknfd \mnxlw{ns~ aodncf~{ {afdd gl og{lwxlc nm ^lfw 6 fmc ^lfw 7- Sao{l aodncf~{ fwl kdlfwd~ nmcnkfslc nm salfkfclink {kalc|dl{-

^lfw ; n{ f swfm{nsnom ~lfw hwoi sal uwlcoinmfms gf{nk {knlmkl{ k|wwnk|d|i oh sal hnw{s spo ~lfw{ so sal kdnmnkfd{|g)nmslwm{anu{ oh ^lfw 3- Glkf|{l oh san{ ufwsnk|dfw {ns|fsnom$ sal aodncf~ {kalc|dl how ^lfw ; pndd gl cnhhlwlmshwoi ^lfw 6$ ^lfw 7$ fmc ^lfw 3- Sal hoddopnm` aodncf~{ fwl og{lwxlc g~ fhhndnfslc ao{unsfd{ fmc pndd glkom{nclwlc aodncf~{ how sal ^lfw ; {s|clms{: Iliownfd Cf~$ Nmclulmclmkl Cf~$ Dfgow Cf~$ fmc Safmb{`nxnm`Cf~- Om sal cf~ glhowl Safmb{`nxnm`$ {s|clms{ pndd gl lqk|{lc hwoi fdd lc|kfsnomfd fksnxnsnl{ g~ 8:55 u-i-Lc|kfsnomfd fksnxnsnl{ pndd wl{|il sal hoddopnm` Iomcf~- ^lfw ; {s|clms{ fwl om xfkfsnom c|wnm` sal {kalc|dlc\mnxlw{ns~ Kawn{sif{ fmc Mlp ^lfw{ fkfclink aodncf~{-

Nmcnxnc|fd clufwsilms{ fwl wlv|nwlc so clhnml salnw opm uodnk~ how ^lfw ; {s|clms{ wl`fwcnm` sal hoddopnm`: f.lc|kfsnomfd fksnxnsnl{ om osalw aodncf~{$ {|ka f{ Ifwsnm D|salw Bnm`{ Gnwsacf~$ Pf{anm`som{ Gnwsacf~$ Lf{slw$Kod|ig|{ Cf~$ fmc Xlslwfm{ Cf~2 fmc g. lc|kfsnomfd fksnxnsnl{ {kalc|dlc om sal cf~ glhowl f aodncf~-Nmcnxnc|fd clufwsilms{ fwl wlv|l{slc so howi|dfsl f kdlfw uodnk~ om san{ n{{|l$ l{sfgdn{anm` ilkafmn{i{ sowldlf{l {s|clms{ glspllm 8:55 u-i- fmc incmn`as om sal cf~ glhowl f aodncf~-

Academic Policies Updated December 2011

Documents

Transcript of Academic Policies Updated December 2011