ACADEMIC HAND BOOK 2016-2017 II B. TECH ECE II … Switching Theory and Logic Design Pradeep Kumar...

VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE (Approved by AICTE - New Delhi, Govt. of A.P.) Accredited by NBA and NAAC with ‘A’ Grade

Vignana Jyothi Nagar, Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O.), Hyderabad-500 090. A.P., India.

ACADEMIC HAND BOOK

2016-2017

II – B. TECH ECE

II SEMESTER

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE

VISION

A Deemed University of Academic Excellence, for National and

International Students Meeting global Standards with social commitment and

Democratic Values

MISSION

To produce global citizens with knowledge and commitment to strive to

enhance quality of life through meeting technological, educational,

managerial and social challenges

QUALITY POLICY

Impart up to date knowledge in the students chosen fields to make them

quality Engineers

Make the students experience the applications on quality equipment and

tools.

Provide quality environment and services to all stock holders.

Provide Systems, resources and opportunities for continuous

improvement.

Maintain global standards in education, training, and services

II YEAR B.TECH (ECE-1) II SEMESTER FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2016-2017

ROOM NO: A 201 TIME TABLE w.e.f: 19/12/2016

DAY/TIME

10:00am to

10:50am

10:50am to

11:40am

11:40am to

12:30pm

12:30pm to

1:20pm

1:20pm to

2:10pm

2:10pm to

3:00pm

3:00pm to

3:50pm

3:50pm to

4:40pm

MONDAY STLD EMTL ECA

L U N C H

---- EPC LAB(B1)/AC LAB(B2)----

ECA/CCA

TUESDAY ECA EMTL AC STLD PDC CS MENTORIN

G WEDNESDA

Y CS AC PDC

EMTL

ECA STLD LIBRARY

THURSDAY --EPC LAB(B2)/AC

LAB(B1)--- PDC CST AC SPORTS

FRIDAY AC ECA STLD CS PDC EMT

L SEMINAR

SATURDAY PDC CS EMTL AC STLD ECA ECA/CCA

1. STLD Switching Theory and Logic Design J.LV.Ramana Kumari 2. ECA Electronic Circuit Analysis V.Krishna Sree/ Helan Satish 3. EMTL Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines M.Rakesh 4. PDC Pulse and Digital Circuits Ch.Ganesh 5. AC Analog Communications Dr.P.Srihari 6. CS Control Systems Ch.Naga Deepa

7. AC Lab Analog Communications Lab P.Kishore/G. Sahithya/K.Anusha /S.Guru Bharath

8. EPC Lab Electronic and Pulse Circuits Lab V.Krishna Sree/ Helan Satish/ Ch.Ganesh/ Rakesh

*** T-Tutorial Academic Co-Ordinator: Dr.P.Srihari Class Co-Ordinator: M.Rakesh Seminar: Ch.Ganesh


ROOM NO: B 213 TIME TABLE w.e.f: 19/12/2016

DAY/TIME 10:00am

to 10:50am

10:50am to

11:40am

11:40am to

12:30pm

12:30pm to

1:20pm

1:20pm to

2:10pm

2:10pm to

3:00pm

3:00pm to

3:50pm

3:50pm to

4:40pm

MONDAY CS ECA PDC

L U N C H

STLD AC EMTL ECA/CCA

TUESDAY EMTL CS STLD AC ECA PDC SEMINAR

WEDNESDAY --EPC LAB(B1)/AC

LAB(B2)-- ECA PDC CST LIBRARY

THURSDAY PDC AC CS EMTL STLD ECA MENTORING

FRIDAY STLD EMTL AC --EPC LAB(B2)/AC

LAB(B1)--- SPORTS

SATURDAY ECA PDC EMTL CS STLD AC ECA/CCA

1. STLD Switching Theory and Logic Design M.V.Mitu 2. ECA Electronic Circuit Analysis Dr.L.Padma Sree 3. EMTL Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines Ch. Raja Kumari 4. PDC Pulse and Digital Circuits V.Priyanka 5. AC Analog Communications D.Santosh Kumar 6. CS Control Systems V.Sagar Reddy

7. AC Lab Analog Communications Lab D.Santosh Kumar/ M.V.Mitu

8. EPC Lab Electronic and Pulse Circuits Lab V.Priyanka / K.Aruna Kumari/ V.Sagar Reddy

*** T-Tutorial Academic Co-Ordinator: Dr.L.Padma Sree Class Co-Ordinator: M.V.Mitu Seminar: D.Santosh Kumar


ROOM NO: C 213 TIME TABLE w.e.f: 19/12/2016

DAY/TIME 10:00am

to 10:50am

10:50am to

11:40am

11:40am to

12:30pm

12:30pm to

1:20pm

1:20pm to

2:10pm

2:10pm to

3:00pm

3:00pm to

3:50pm

3:50pm to

4:40pm

MONDAY AC STLD EMTL

L U N C H

PDC ECA CST ECA/CCA

TUESDAY --EPC LAB(B1)/AC

LAB(B2)-- EMTL AC ECA LIBRARY

WEDNESDAY STLD AC PDC ---EPC LAB(B2)/AC

LAB(B1)--- ECA/CCA

THURSDAY PDC EMTL ECA CS STLD SEMINAR

FRIDAY EMTL ECA CS STLD AC PDC SPORTS

SATURDAY CS AC STLD ECA PDC EMTL MENTORING

1. STLD Switching Theory and Logic Design Pradeep Kumar 2. ECA Electronic Circuit Analysis K.Sharath Chandra 3. EMTL Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines Lakhindhar Murmu 4. PDC Pulse and Digital Circuits P.Srinivasa Rao 5. AC Analog Communications K.Rama Mohana Reddy 6. CS Control Systems G.Vijaya Kumar 7. AC Lab Analog Communications Lab K.Rama Mohana Reddy/ P.Srinivasa Rao

Pradeep Kumar 8. EPC Lab Electronic and Pulse Circuits Lab G.Vijaya Kumar

/K.Sharath Chandra/ Lakhindhar Murmu

*** T-Tutorial Academic Co-Ordinator: Dr.P.Srihari Class Co-Ordinator: P.Srinivasa Rao Seminar: Lakhindhar Murmu


ROOM NO: C 214 TIME TABLE w.e.f: 19/12/2016

DAY/TIME 10:00am

to 10:50am

10:50am to

11:40am

11:40am to

12:30pm

12:30pm to

1:20pm

1:20pm to

2:10pm

2:10pm to

3:00pm

3:00pm to

3:50pm

3:50pm to

4:40pm

MONDAY STLD ECA PDC

L U N C H

EMTL CST AC SEMINAR

TUESDAY CS AC EMTL --EPC LAB(B1)/AC

LAB(B2)-- SPORTS

WEDNESDAY EMTL STLD CS AC PDC ECA MENTORING

THURSDAY ECA PDC STLD --EPC LAB(B2)/AC

LAB(B1)-- ECA/CCA

FRIDAY AC EMTL ECA PDC STLD CS LIBRARY

SATURDAY CS PDC AC ECA STLD EMTL ECA/CCA

1. STLD Switching Theory and Logic Design G.Ramya 2. ECA Electronic Circuit Analysis P.Suresh Babu 3. EMTL Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines K.Kalyan Srinivas 4. PDC Pulse and Digital Circuits K.Sangeetha 5. AC Analog Communications L.Dharma Teja 6. CS Control Systems Ch.Naga Deepa 7. EPC Lab Electronic and Pulse Circuits Lab K.Sangeetha / P.Suresh Babu/V.Sagar Reddy 8. AC Lab Analog Communications Lab L.Dharma Teja / K.Anusha / G.Ramya

*** T-Tutorial Academic Co-Ordinator: Dr.L.Padma Sree Class Co-Ordinator: P.Suresh Babu Seminar: G.Ramya

VNR VIGNAN JYOTHI INSTIYUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

BACHUPALLY (VIA), KUKATPALLY, HYDERABAD-72

ACADEMIC PLAN:2016-17

II Year B. Tech ECE – II Sem L T/P/D C

3 0 3

Subject: SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN Subject Code: 5EC03

Number of working days : 90

Number of Hours / week : 5

Total number of periods planned : 60

Name of the Faculty Member : JLV.Ramana Kumari/VM Mitu/Pradeep Kumar _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Course Objectives:

Student will be able

1. To understand the concepts of number systems, codes and design of various combinational and

synchronous sequential circuits.

2. To learn various methods to minimize the Boolean expressions for reducing the number of

gates and cost.

3. To realize logic networks, digital computers using PROM, PLA, PAL devices.

4. To design state machines and ASM charts.

Course Outcomes:

After completion of the course the student is able to:

1. Understand various number systems for digital data representations

2. Design combinational circuits

3. Design sequential circuits

4. Design ASM charts for digital systems

UNIT – I SYLLABUS

Number Systems and Codes:

Philosophy of number systems – complement representation of negative numbers-binary arithmetic-

binary codes-error detecting & error correcting codes –hamming codes.

Boolean Algebra:

Fundamental postulates of Boolean algebra - Basic theorems and properties - Boolean functions and

representations: SOP, POS, Truth table – Canonical and Standard forms - Algebraic simplification

digital logic gates, properties of XOR gates –universal gates-Multilevel NAND/NOR realizations.

Learning Objectives:

At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to:

1. Convert decimal numbers into binary, octal, hexadecimal numbers.

2. Conversion from binary to decimal, octal & hexadecimal numbers.

3. Can add or subtract or divide or multiply binary numbers.

4. Able to convert binary code to gray code and vice-versa.

5. Able to write excess-3 code to any decimal digit.

6. Can be able to detect an error and correct the error.

7. Can simplify the given functions using known properties

8. Will be able to draw gate networks.

9. Will be able to prove the given expressions.

LECTURE SCHEDULE

(Lecture schedule: 15 Hours) Lecture 1 : Introduction to number representation.

Lecture 2 : Philosophy of number systems.

Lecture 3 : Complement representation of negative numbers.

Lecture 4 : Binary Arithmetic.

Lecture 5 : Binary Codes – Weighted codes, Nonweighted Codes.

Lecture 6 : Error detection codes.

Lecture 7 : Error correction codes – Hamming code.

Lecture 8 : Fundamental postulates of Boolean Algebra.

Lecture 9 : Basic properties and theorems.

Lecture 10 : Switching expressions.

Lecture 11 : De Morgan’s Theorem,SOP.POS.

Lecture 12 : Switching functions – Conical forms.

Lecture 13 : Logic gates (AND,OR,NOT).

Lecture 14 : Exclusive – OR gate (Introduction & properties).

Lecture 15 : NAND and NOR gates.

TUTORIAL-I

1.Discuss 1’s and 2’s complement methods of subtraction.

2.Write notes on Gray code.

3.What is Hamming code?How is Hamming code word tested and correctd.

4.What are the basic operations in Boolean Algebra.

5.State Demorgans theorem.

6Write the Boolean Algebraic Laws.

Assignment I :

1. Perform the subtraction with the following unsigned binary numbers by talking the 2’s

complement of the subtrahend.

a. 11010 - 10000

b. 11010 – 1101

c. 100 – 1010100

d. 1010100 – 1010100

2. i. Give the gray-code equivalent of the Hex number 3A7.

a. ii. Find the gray-code equivalent of the Octal number 527.

3. i. Express decimal digit s 0-9 in BCD code and 2-4-2-1 code.

a. ii. Convert the decimal number 96 into binary and convert it into gray code

b. number.

4. Determine canonical POS form for the function T(x, y, z) = x (y¯ + z).

5. Prove that Y=AB + BC + AC is a self dual function.

6. Convert the function f(x, y, z) = Π (0, 3, 6, 7) to the other canonical form.

7. What are Universal gates? Why they are so called. Give their truth tables.

8. Derive Boolean expression for a 2 input Ex-OR gate to realize with 2 input

9. NAND gates without using complemented variables and draw the circuit.

UNIT – II

SYLLABUS

Switching Functions:

Karnaugh Map method, Prime implicants, Don’t care combinations, Minimal SOP and POS forms,

Tabular Method, Prime –Implicant chart, simplification rules.



1. Can draw the Karnaugh maps for 3-variable, 4-variable, and 5-variable maps.

2. Can simplify the given functions.

3. Will be able to differentiate between Sum of Products and Products Of Sums.

4. They can also simplify the functions using Tabular Method.

5. Can draw gate networks for the obtained simplified functions.

LECTURE SCHEDULE

(Lecture schedule: 7 Hours)

Lecture 1 : Karnaugh map representation (3-variable, 4-variable, and 5-variable maps).

Lecture 2 : Simplification of Logic expressions using K- Map

Lecture 3 : Don’t care combinations.

Lecture 4 : Prime Implicants

Lecture 5 : Tabular Method

Lecture 6 : Prime Implicants chart.

Lecture 7 : Simplification rules. TUTORIAL-II

1.Reduce the expression f=AB+ A¯B + A¯ B¯ Using mapping.

2.Show the truth table for each of the following functions and find its simplest POS Form

a)f(X,Y,Z)=XY+XZ

3.Explain about Prime Implicants.

4.Minimize and implement the following multiple output function.

F1=∑m(1,2,3,6,8,12,14,15)

F2= =πM(0,4,9,10,11,14,15)

Assignment II :

1. Minimize the function using Karnaugh-Map and obtain minimal SOP function

1. F(A, B, C, D) = Π(1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14) + ∑d (7,15).

2. Using the Quine-Mc Cluskey method of tabular reduction, minimize the given combinational

single – output function

i. f(w, x, y, z) = ∑m (0, 1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15)

UNIT – III SYLLABUS

Combinational Logic Design:

Design using conventional logic gates, Half adder,Full adder,ripple carry adder, carry look ahead adder,

BCD adder ,Half subtractor, Full subtractor, Binary adder/subtractor, Encoder, Decoder, Multiplexer,

De-Multiplexer, Modular design using IC chips, MUX Realization of switching functions Parity bit

generator, Code-converters, Hazards and hazard free realizations.

Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to:

1. Explain the concept of combinational circuits

2. Designing of adder, subtractor, serial adder, parallel adder using logic gates.

3. Concept of encoded & decoder, Designing of encoded & decoder using NAND & NOR gates

4. Explain the applications of Encoder & Decoder

5. Explain MUX & DEMUX

6. Design MUX & DEMUX using IC’S.

7. Explain the Realization of MUX switching functions

8. Design parity bit generator.

9. Design Code converters for BCD – Binary.

10. Explain Hazards & Hazards free Realizations.

LECTURE SCHEDULE

(Lecture schedule: 11 Hours) Lecture 1 : Designing using conventional logic gates.

Lecture 2 : Half adder, Full adder,

Lecture 3 : Ripple carry adder, carry look ahead adder, BCD adder

Lecture 4 : Half subtractor, Full subtractor, Binary adder/subtractor

Lecture 5 : Encoder, Decoder.

Lecture 6 : Multiplexer, De-Multiplexer.

Lecture 7 : Modular design using IC chips

Lecture 8 : MUX realization of switching functions

Lecture 9: Parity bit generator

Lecture 10 : Code-converters

Lecture 11 : Hazards and Hazard free Realizations

TUTORIAL-III

1.Draw the logic diagram of Half subtractor and full adder.

2.Implement a following function with a MUX.

F(a,b,c)=∑m(1,3,5,6)

3.Realize a look ahead carry adder.

4.Explain the working of a BCD Adder.

5.Distinguish between encoder and decoder.

6.Implement a full subtractor using a 3 line to 8 line decoder.

Assignment III:

1. Give the implementation of a 4-bit ripple-carry adder using half-adder(s) / full adder(s).

2. Explain with an example, the mux, demux can be used as data – selector and data-distributor

respectively.

3. Design a full adder with two half adders and basic gates.

4. Convert Excess-3 code to BCD code using Full adder circuits.

5. Give the NAND gate realization of full – adder.

6. Design a 64 line output demultiplexer using lower order demultiplexer. Such as 4 to 16 and 2 to

4 demultiplexers.

UNIT – IV SYLLABUS

Sequential Circuits - I:

Classification of sequential circuits (Synchronous, Asynchronous, Pulse mode, Level mode with

examples)Basic flipflops-Triggering and Excitation tables. Steps in Synchronous sequential circuit

design. Design of Synchronous and Asynchronous Counters, Shift registers ,Serial binary adder,

Sequence detector.

Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to:

1. Classify the different types of sequential circuits.

2. Explain Synchronous, Asynchronous, Pulse mode and Level mode with examples.

3. Explain various Flip-flops.

4. Explain Triggering and Excitation Tables.

5. Explain the various steps involved in synchronous sequential circuits design.

6. Design a modulo – N ring counter.

7. Design a modulo – N ring shift counter.

8. Design a binary serial adder.

9. Design a sequence detector..

LECTURE SCHEDULE

(Lecture schedule: 9 Hours) Lecture 1 : Classification of sequential circuits.

Lecture 2 : Synchronous, Asynchronous.

Lecture 3 : Pulse mode, Level mode.

Lecture 4 : Basic flip-flops.

Lecture 5 : Triggering and excitation tables.

Lecture 6 : Synchronous sequential circuit design.

Lecture 7 : Modulo-N Ring & Shift counters.

Lecture 8 : Serial binary adder.

Lecture 9 : Sequence detector

TUTORIAL-IV

1.Distinguish between Combinational and Sequential logic circuits.

2.Distinguish between Asynchronous and synchronous counters.

3.What is the problem of Lock out and how is it eliminated.

4.How many states do a 5 bit ring counter have.

5.how do u convert one type of flipflop to another.

6.What is meant by race around condition in JK F lipflop.

7.Explain about Sequence detector.

Assignment IV:

1. Define the following terms in connection with a Flip-Flop.

i. Set – up time.

ii. Hold time.

iii. Propagation delay – time.

2. Compare merits & demerits of ripple and synchronous counters.

3. Design a modulo – 12 up synchronous counter using T-Flip Flop and draw the circuit diagram.

4. Define the following systems

i. Synchronous sequential system.

ii. Asynchronous sequential system.

iii. Combinational system.

5. Define a sequential system and how does it differ from a combinational

system.

6. Design a modulo 6 up/down Synchronous counter using T flip flop and draw the circuit diagram.

7. Distinguish between combinational logic and sequential logic.

UNIT – V SYLLABUS

Sequential Circuits - II:

Finite state machine-capabilities and limitations, Mealy and Moore models-minimization of

completely specified and incompletely specified sequential machines, Partition techniques and Merger

chart methods-concept of minimal cover table. Introduction to ASM charts, simple examples, system

design using data path and control subsystems, ASM Charts for Flip Flops and Binary multiplier.



1.Explain the Finite State Machine Capabilities.

2.Explain the Finite State Machine limitations.

3.Design a Mealy machine.

4.Design a Moore machine.

5.Minimization of sequential machines.

6.Explain the concept of minimal cover table.

7.Explain the different types of Merger chart methods.

8.Explain about ASM Charts.

9.Explain about system design using data path and control subsystems

10.Design ASM Charts for flip flops

11.Design ASM Charts for Binary Multiplier.

LECTURE SCHEDULE

(Lecture schedule: 14 Hours) Lecture 1 : Finite state machine.

Lecture 2 : Capabilities and limitations of Finite state machine.

Lecture 3 : Mealy machine.

Lecture 4 : Moore machine.

Lecture 5 : Minimization of completely specified sequential machines.

Lecture 6 : Incompletely specified sequential machines.

Lecture 7 : Partition techniques.

Lecture 8 : Merger chart methods.

Lecture 9 : Concept of minimal cover table

Lecture 10 : Introduction to ASM charts.

Lecture 11 : ASM charts using simple examples,

Lecture 12 : System design using data path and control subsystems,

Lecture 13 : ASM CHARTS for Flip Flops

Lecture 14 : ASM CHARTS for Binary multiplier

TUTORIAL-V

1.What are the capabilities and limitations of Finite State Machines

2.Compare Moore and Mealy machines.

3.State ‘state equivalence theorem’.

4.What is a merger table and merger graph.

5.Explain the procedure of stste minimization using the partition technique.

6.Name the elements of ASM Chart and define each one of them.

7.Draw and explain the ASM Chart for binary multiplier.

Assignment V:

1. Distinguish between Mealy and Moore Machines.

2. convert the following Mealy machine into a corresponding Moore machine

PS X=0 X=1

A C,0 B,0

B A,1 D,0

C B,1 A,1

D D,1 C,0

0 1 0 1 0 1 1

0 1 1 0 1 0 1

1 0 0 1 0 1 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 1

1 1 0 1 1 1 0

1 1 1 0 1 1 1

4. Construct an ASM block that has 3 input variables (A, B, C), 4 outputs (W,

X, Y, Z) and 2 exit paths. For this block, output Z is always 1, and W is 1

if A & B are both 1. If C=1 & A=0, Y = 1 and exit path 1 is taken. If C=0

or A=1, X=1 and exit path 2 is taken. Realize the above using the one Flip

Flop state.




II Year B. Tech ECE – IISem L T/P/D C

3 0 3

Subject: ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY AND TRANSMISSION LINES Subject Code: 5EC05




Name of the Faculty Member : M.Rakesh/Ch.Raja Kumari/Lakhindar/K.Kalyan Srinivas ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Pre-requisites

Vector Calculus, Electric and Magnetic fields concepts

Course Objectives

To provide the basic concepts of Electric and Magnetic fields.

To understand the Maxwell’s equations and applying boundary conditions to the different material

interfaces.

To conceptualize the wave propagation characteristics for different media.

To learn the basic parameters of Transmission lines.

Course Outcomes

After going through this course the student will be able to

Apply the basic concepts of Electric and Magnetic fields in static and time varying conditions.

Analyze EM field’s equations using Maxwell’s equations.

Analyze wave propagation characteristics and compute power calculations.

Design a lossless/distortion less transmission system.

UNIT I

Electrostatics: Coulomb’s law, Electric filed intensity, fields due to different charge distributions, Electric flux

density, Gauss law and applications, Electric potential, Relations between E and V, Maxwell’s two equations for

electro static fields, energy density, Convection and Conduction currents, Dielectric Constant, Isotropic and

Homogeneous Dielectrics , Continuity equation, Relaxation time, Poisson’s and Laplace equations, Capacitance

–parallel plate, coaxial, spherical capacitors, llustrative problems.

Learning objectives:

After completion of the unit, the students will be able to:

a) Describe the force between two electrically charged bodies.

b) Define what is Electric field Intensity?

c) Answer what do we do if we have a continues charge distribution?

d) Define what is Electric flux density?

e) Explain the applications of Gauss law.

f) Define what is Electric potential?

g) justify the statement” voltage can be caused by static electric fields”

h) Explain the Relationship between differential and integral formulations.

i) Define what is Energy Density? And able to describe Energy densities of common energy storage materials.

j) Differentiate between convection and conduction currents.

k) Differentiate between permittivity and dielectric constant and to get permittivity.

l) Analyze what are Isotropic and Homogeneous Dielectrics.

m) Analyze how continuity equation can be expressed in an integral form.

n) Define relaxation time.

o) write the expression of poisons and Laplace Equations

p) Derive the relevant expression for parallel plate, coaxial, spherical capacitors.

Lecture plan:

S.No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching

1

WIT &WIL: What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of all

units. 1 PPT + chalk & board

2 Coulomb’s law, Electric filed intensity 2 PPT + chalk & board

3 Fields due to different charge distributions 2

PPT + chalk & board,

Video

4 Electric flux density, Gauss law and applications 3 PPT + chalk & board

5 Electric potential, Relations between E and V 1 PPT + chalk & board

6 Maxwell’s two equations for electro static fields, Energy density 2 PPT + chalk & board

7

Convection and Conduction currents, Dielectric Constant, Isotropic and

Homogeneous Dielectrics 2 PPT + chalk & board

8 Continuity equation 2 PPT + chalk & board

9 Relaxation time, Poisson’s and Laplace equations 1 PPT + chalk & board

10 Capacitance –parallel plate, coaxial, spherical capacitors 1 PPT + chalk & board

11 Problems(1hr)+Revision class(1hr)+ class test on unit1(1hr) 3 PPT + chalk & board

Total : 20

UNIT II Magneto Statics: Biot – Savart’s law, Ampere’s circuit law and applications, Magnetic flux density, Magnetic

scalar and vector potentials, Forces due to Magnetic fields, Amperes Force law, Inductances and Magnetic

energy, illustrative problems



a) Explain what is magneto statics?

b) Define the statement of Biot-savarts law

c) Explain the applications of Ampere’s Circuit law

d) Explain what is Magnetic Flux density and analyze the applications of Magnetic flux density

e) Differentiate between Magnetic scalar and Vector potentials

f) Derive the force due to Magnetic fields

g) Define Amperes force law

h) Explain the purpose of Magnetic Energy

i) Solve the problems related to Ampere’s circuit law, Biot-savartslaw, Ampere’s force law, Magnetic flux density

Lecture plan:

S.No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching 1 Biot – Savart’s law 1 PPT + chalk & board

2 Ampere’s circuit law and applications 2 PPT + chalk & board

3 Magnetic flux density 1


Video

4 Magnetic scalar and vector potentials 1 PPT + chalk & board

5 Forces due to Magnetic fields 1 PPT + chalk & board

6 Amperes Force law 1 PPT + chalk & board

7 Inductances and Magnetic energy 1 PPT + chalk & board

8 Illustrative Problems 1 PPT + chalk & board

8 Revision class + class test on unit II 1 PPT + chalk & board

Total : 10

UNIT III

Maxwell’s Equations: Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields) Faraday’s law and Transformer emf,

inconsistency of the Amperes law and displacement current density, Maxwell’s equations in differential forms,

integral forms and word statements, conditions at a boundary surface: Dielectric - Dielectric and Dielectric -

conductor interfaces – illustrative problems.

EM wave Characteristics – I: Wave equations for conducting and perfect dielectric media. Uniform plane

waves – definitions, all relations between E and H sinusoidal variations, wave propagation in loss less and

conducting media, conductors and Dielectrics characterization, wave propagation in good conductors and good

dielectrics, polarization, illustrative problems.



a) Identify what is the purpose of Maxwells equations

b) Define faradays law

c) Understand what is Inconsistency of Amperes law

d) Derive and write the expressions of Maxwells equations in both differential and integral forms.

e) Able to derive the conditions at boundary surface

f) Differentiate dielectric-dielectric & Dielectric-conductor Interface

g) Solve wave equations for conducting & perfect dielectric media

h) Define Uniform plane waves

i) Derive all relations between E&H sinusoidal variations

j) Identify the differences between wave propagation in loss-less and conducting media

k) Explain the difference between conductors and dielectrics

l) Analyze the wave propagation in good conductors and good dielectrics

m) Explain what is polarization, and able to clarify the polarization types

Lecture plan: S.No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching

1

Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields) Faraday’s law and Transformer emf 1 PPT + chalk & board

2

inconsistency of the Amperes law and displacement current

density, 1 PPT + chalk & board

3

Maxwell’s equations in differential forms, integral forms and

word statements 1 PPT + chalk & board

4 Wave equations for conducting and perfect dielectric media. 1 PPT + chalk & board

5 Uniform plane waves – definitions, all relations between E and H 1 PPT + chalk & board,

sinusoidal variations Video

6

wave propagation in loss less and conducting media, conductors

and Dielectrics characterization, 1 PPT + chalk & board

7

wave propagation in good conductors and good dielectrics,

polarization 1 PPT + chalk & board


9 Revision class + class test on unit III 2 PPT + chalk & board

Total : 10

UNIT IV

EM Waves characteristics – II : Reflection and refraction of plane waves – normal and Oblique incidences for

both perfect conductor and perfect dielectrics, Brewster angle, Critical angle and Total internal reflection,

Surface Impedance, poynting vector and poynting theorem – applications, power loss in a plane conductor,

illustrative problems.



a) Differentiate between Reflection and Refraction with neat sketches

b) Explain the Normal and Oblique Incidence in the both cases of perfect conductor and perfect dielectric.

c) Write the condition for Brewster angle, Critical angle, Total Internal Reflection

d) Define why is surface impedance

e) Define poynting theorem and its applications

f) Solve the necessary equation for power loss in a plane conductor


1 Reflection and refraction of plane waves – normal and Oblique incidences for perfect conductor 1 PPT + chalk & board

2 Reflection and refraction of plane waves – normal and Oblique incidences for perfect dielectrics 1


Video

3 Brewster angle, Critical angle and Total internal reflection, 2 PPT + chalk & board

4 Surface Impedance, 1 PPT + chalk & board

5 poynting vector and poynting theorem – applications, 2 PPT + chalk & board

6 power loss in a plane conductor 1 PPT + chalk & board


8 Revision class + class test on unit IV 1 PPT + chalk & board

Total : 11

UNIT V Transmission Lines: Types, parameters, Transmission line equations, primary and secondary constants,

Expressions for characteristic impedance, propagation constant, phase and group velocities, infinite line

concepts, Loss loss/ low loss characterization, Distortion – condition for distortion less and minimum attenuation,

Loading, Types of loading, illustrative problems.

Input impedance relations, SC and OC lines, reflection coefficient, VSWR, UHF lines as circuit elements, /4,

/2, /8 lines - impedance Transformations, Significance of Zmin and Zmax, Smith chart configuration and

applications, single and double stub matching, illustrative problems.



a) Understand the Transmission lines deeply

b) Classify the types of Transmission lines

c) Write the Transmission line equation

d) Analyze the Primary and Secondary constants

e) Derive the expression for propagation constant

f) Define and derive phase velocity and group velocity

g) Analyze the Infinite line concept

h) Write the conditions for distortionless medium, and minimum attenuation

i) Define what is loading

j) Derive and obtain all Impedance relations

k) Understand the interlink between reflection coefficient & VSWR

l) Obtain the Impedance Transformations

m) Explain the significance of Zmin, Zmax.


1 Transmission Lines: Types, parameters, Transmission line equations, primary and secondary constants 2 PPT + chalk & board

2 Expressions for characteristic impedance, propagation constant, 1 PPT + chalk & board

3 phase and group velocities 1 PPT + chalk & board

4

infinite line concepts, Loss less/ low loss characterization,

Distortion – condition for distortion less and minimum

attenuation 3 PPT + chalk & board

5 Loading, Types of loading, Illustrative Problems 1 PPT + chalk & board

6

Input impedance relations, SC and OC lines, reflection coefficient, VSWR, UHF lines as circuit elements, /4, /2, /8 lines - impedance Transformations 2 PPT + chalk & board

7

Significance of Zmin and Zmax, Smith chart configuration and

applications, single and double stub matching, 2 PPT + chalk & board


9 Revision class + class test on unit V 1 PPT + chalk & board

Total : 14





3 0 3

Subject: PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS Subject Code: 5EI04




Name of the Faculty Member : Ch.Ganesh/V.Priyanka/P.Srinivasa Rao/K.Sangeetha

UNIT I LINEAR WAVESHAPING

High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal, step, pulse, square andramp inputs. RC

network as differentiator and integrator. Attenuators and itsapplications in CRO probe, RL and RLC

circuits and their response for step input,ringing circuits.



q) Explain and the operation of High pass and Low pass RC circuits.

r) Design different types of RC circuits for different inputs.

s) Explain the operation of RL and RLC circuits.

t) Explain the operation of attenuators.

u) Implement the same using Multisim and MATLAB.

Lecture plan:

Total = 19 Assignment I:

1) A symmetrical square wave whose peak to peak amplitude is 2V and whose average value is zero is applied to an RC integrating circuit. The time constant of the circuit is equal to half the period of the square wave. Find the peak to peak value of the output amplitude.

2) A 10 Hz symmetrical square wave whose peak to peak amplitude is 2V is impressed upon a high pass RC circuit whose lower 3-dB frequency is 5Hz. Calculate and sketch the output wave form for the first two cycles. What is the peak to peak amplitude under steady state conditions.

3) An ideal 1ms pulse is fed to an amplifier. Calculate and plot the output waveform under the following conditions a) 10MHz b) 0.1MHz

4) A 1KHz square wave output from an amplifier has rise time 350ns, and tilt 5%, determine the


1 WIT &WIL::What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of I unit. 1

PPT + chalk & board Video

2 High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal 3 PPT + chalk & board

3 High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for step, pulse, square andramp inputs 6 PPT + chalk & board,

4 Differentiator and Integrator 2 PPT+ chalk & board

5 RL circuits 1 PPT+ chalk & board

6 RLC series and parallel circuits 2 PPT+ chalk & board

7 Attenuators 1 PPT+ chalk & board

8 Ringing circuits 1 PPT+ chalk & board

9 Implement above circuits using MATLAB 2 MATLAB software

upper and lower 3db frequencies. 5) A 100Hz triangular wave with peak to peak amplitude of 9V is applied to a differentiating

circuit with R=1Mohm and C=100PF, calculate and sketch the waveform of the output.

UNIT II NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING :Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, clipping at two independent

levels, Transfer characteristics of clippers, Emitter coupled clipper, Comparators, applications of

voltage comparators, clamping operation, clamping circuits using diode with different inputs, Clamping

circuit theorem, practical clamping circuits, effect of diode characteristics on clamping voltage



v) Explain and the operation of clipper.

w) Design different types of clippers.

x) Explain the operation of a Transistor clipper.

y) Draw the transfer characteristics of clippers.

z) Explain operation of emitter coupled clipper circuit.

aa) Explain clipping at two independent levels or a slicer circuit.

bb) Explain operation of comparator and application of voltage comparators.

cc) Explain the operation of clampers, positive and negative clampers.

dd) State and prove the clamping circuit theorem.

ee) Explain effect of diode characteristic on clamping voltage.

ff) Design different types of clamping circuits

Lecture plan:

Total = 16


1 WIT &WIL::What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of II unit. 1


2 Diode clippers and their transfer characteristics 3 PPT + chalk & board

3 Transistor clippers , 1 PPT + chalk & board,

4 clipping at two independent levels, Transfer characteristics of clippers,, 2 PPT+ chalk & board

5 Emitter coupled clipper 1 PPT+ chalk & board

6 Comparators, applications of voltage comparators, 1 PPT+ chalk & board

7 clamping operation, 2 PPT+ chalk & board

8 clamping circuits using diode with different inputs, 2 PPT+ chalk & board

9 Clamping circuit theorem 1 PPT+ chalk & board

10

practical clamping circuits, effect of diode characteristics

on clamping voltage 1 PPT+ chalk & board

11 Problems 1

Assignement II:

1) Draw the transfer characteristics for the clipper circuit shown below. Find the value of input

voltage at which the output will be zero. Find also at what values of input voltage D2 conducts.

2) What do you mean by a comparator? Draw and explain diode comparator circuit.

3) With neat schematic, explain Emitter Coupled Clipper. Also draw the transfer characteristics.

4) Design a diode clamper to restore a dc level of +5v to an input signal of peak-to-peak value 15v.

Assume the drop across the diode as 0.7v.

5) The input waveform shown in the figure below is applied to the clamping circuit shown with

Rs=Rf=100 ohms,Rr= , R2=10kohms, C=1µF, and cut-in voltage is zero for the diode. Draw

the output waveform and label all voltages.

UNIT III

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES

Diode as a switch, piecewise linear diode characteristics, Transistor as a switch, Breakdown voltage

consideration of transistor, saturation parameters of Transistor and theirvariation with temperature,

transistor-switching times.

Sampling Gates

Basic operating principles of sampling gates, Unidirectional and Bi-directional sampling

gates, Applications of sampling gates.

10v

4v

-4v

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 tms

Vi

0

Logic Gates

Relaxation of logic gates Using Diodes and Transistors: AND, OR, NOT, NAND and NOR

gates using Diodes & Resistors



a) Explain and the operation of Diode and Transistor as switch.

b) Find saturation parameters of Transistor.

c) Find transistor switching times.

d) Design of Sampling Gates and Logic Gates.

Lecture plan:

Total = 14

UNIT IV Multivibrators

Design and Analysis of Bistable, Monostable, Astable Multivibrators (Collector coupled).

Analysis of Schmitt trigger using transistors, Hysteresis. Applications of multivibrators.



a) Design of Mutivibrators

b) Design of Schmitt trigger circuit.

Lecture plan:

Total = 10


1 WIT &WIL::What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of III unit. 1


2 Diode and Transistor as a switch 1 PPT + chalk & board

3 piecewise linear diode characteristics 1 PPT + chalk & board,

4 Break down voltage consideration of transistor 1 PPT+ chalk & board

5

saturation parameters of Transistor and their variation

with temperature 1 PPT+ chalk & board

6 transistor-switching times. 1 PPT+ chalk & board

7 Sampling Gates 4 PPT+ chalk & board

8 Logic Gates 4 PPT+ chalk & board


1 WIT &WIL::What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of IV unit. 1


2 Bistable multivibrator. 2 PPT + chalk & board

3 Monostable multivibrator. 2 PPT + chalk & board,

4 Astable multivibrator. 2 PPT+ chalk & board

5 Schmitt Trigger 2 PPT+ chalk & board

6 Applications 1 PPT+ chalk & board

UNIT V Time Base Generators

General features of a time base signal, methods of generating time base waveform, Miller

and Bootstrap time base generators – basic principles, Transistor miller time base

generator, Transistor Bootstrap time base generator, Current time base generators.

Synchronization and Frequency Division

Principles of Synchronization, Pulse synchronization of Relaxation devices, Frequency

division in sweep circuits, Astable relaxation circuits, Synchronization of a sweep circuit

with symmetrical signals.



a) Explain the clear operation of time base generator.

b) Explain the concept of Synchronization and sweep circuit.

Lecture plan:

Total = 13


1 WIT &WIL::What I am teaching, why I am teaching; overview of V unit. 1


2 Miller and bootstrap time base generator 2 PPT + chalk & board

3 Transistor miller and bootstrap time base generator. 2 PPT + chalk & board,

4 Synchronization 4 PPT+ chalk & board

5 Frequency division 4 PPT+ chalk & board





3 0 3

Subject: ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS Subject Code: 5EC06




Name of the Faculty Member : l.Dharma Teja/K.Ram Mohana Reddy/D.Santosh Kumar/kishore _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

COURSE OBJECTIVES Knowledge gained by the student:

1. To provide comprehensive, hands-on instruction in the terminology, principles, and

applications of the analog communication circuits.

2. To provide a solid foundation in mathematical and engineering fundamentals required to

design basic analog or digital communication systems to solve a given communications problem.

3. To provide the knowledge on establish the connection and understand differences

between analog and digital representations and transmission of information

and also to provide the concept of "noise" in real-time systems.

COURSE OUTCOMES 1. Develop the ability of the student to understand the principles of communication systems. 2. Students should be able to demonstrate a good background in analyzing the block diagram of communication systems. 3. Use appropriate design skills to illustrate the electronic component & method to implement different communication circuits & systems. 4. Develop the ability to apply problem solving skills. Suggested Text Books: 1. Principles of Communication Systems -H Taub & D. Schilling, Gautam Sahe. TMH, 2007 3rd Edition 2. Principles of Communication Systems - Simon Haykin. John Wiley, 2nd Edition. 3. Analog communications- R.Chakrabarthi. 4. Electronics & Communication System - George Kennedy and Bernard Davis, 4th Edition TMH 2009 Unit I: Introduction: Introduction to communication system, Need for modulation, Frequnecy division Multiplexing, Amplitude Modulation, Definition, Time domain and frequency domain description, single tone modulation, power relation in AM waves, square law Modulator, Switching modulator, Detection of AM waves Square law detector, Envelop detector. Double side band suppressed carrier modulators, time domain and frequency domain description, generation of DSBSC waves, balanced modulators, Ring modulator, coherent detection of DSB-SC modulated waves, COSTAS loop. Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to :

Describe the communication system Know about the need for modulation Classify FDM and TDM, definition of single tone & general modulation

Define AM in time and frequency domains Calculate power of AM waves Generate AM waves using square law modulator and switching modulator Detect the AM waves using square law detector and envelop detector. Solve problems on power calculations, Bandwidth calculations for AM waves. Define DSB-SC modulation, representation of wave forms Derive frequency domain frequency domain DSB-SC modulation. Derive Frequency domain representation of DSB-SC Modulation Generate DSB-SC waves using balanced modulators and ring modulator. Detect DSB-SC waves by coherent detector, COSTAS loop.

Lecture plan:

S.NO TOPICS UNIT NAME LECTURE NO.

01 Introduction to communication system

Introduction DSB Modulation

L1

02 Need for modulation, TDM,FDM

L2

03 Definition Of AM , Time domain and frequency domain description

L3,L4

04 Single tone modulation, Power relations in AM waves

L5,L6

05 Generation of AM waves L7 06 Detection of AM waves L8 07 Q&A Discussion L9 08 Defination of DSB, Time &

Freq. domain description L10

09 Generation of DSBSC waves L11,L12 10 Detection of DSBSC waves,

COSTAS loop L13,L14,L15

11 Problems(1hr)+Revision class(1hr)+ class test on unit1(1hr)

L17,L18,L19

Assignment – I: 1) Why do we need modulation in communication? Explain? Describe what happens when a typical AM modulator is over modulated, and explain why the over modulation is undesirable. 2) A message signal is given by fi(t) =40 Ws 2000πt amperes and carrier wave fc(t) = 100 cos 2.105 πt amperes. Find the power developed across load of 100-2 due to AM with 60% modulation. 3) a) Explain with circuit diagram, the principle of square law detector. b) The Antenna current of an AM broadcast transmitter modulated to a depth of 60% by an audio wave is 11A. If increases to 12A as a result of simultaneous modulation by another sinusoidal wave. What is the modulation index due to second wave? 4) a) Draw the circuit diagram for balanced ring modulator and explain its operation indicating all the waveforms of the modulator. b) Determine powers of the carrier, 2 sidebands, and the total power of modulated wave for the given specifications of AM-DSB with suppressed carrier. Peak un modulated carrier voltage=10V, and a load resistance of 10 , and the modulation index-0.5.

5) a) Prove that DSB-SC is a linear modulation technique b) Derive the equation for DSB-SC waveform if message is m(t) and carrier is Ac coswct. 6) What is synchronous detector of DSB-SC wave and discuss the effect of frequency and phase errors in synchronous detection.

Unit – II: SSB Modulation: Frequency domain description, frequency discrimination method for generation of AM SSB Modulated wave, Time domain description, phase discrimination method for generating AM SSB modulated waves. Demodulation of SSB waves. Vestigial sideband modulation; Frequency description, generation of VSB modulated wave, Time domain description, Envelope detection of a VSB wave pulse carrier, comparison of AM Techniques, Applications of defined AM systems. Noise in analog communication system, noise in DSB & SSB system, Noise in AM system. Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit, the student will be able to:

Represent AM SSB modulated waves in time domain, and mathematical analysis. Represent AM SSB modulated waves in frequency domain, and able to to do mathematical

analysis. Generate by frequency discrimination method and phase discrimination method. Demodulate SSB-AM waves; various methods Represent and generate VSB-AM waves in frequency domain Represent and generate VSB-AM waves in time domain Detect the SSB waves Compare the DSB-SC, VSB-SC Classify various modulations and their application Problems on DSB-SC, VSB-SC. Analyze the noise in analog communication systems. Distinguish between noise of DSB & SSB systems; AM system

Lecture plan:


14 Defination of SSB

SSB Modulation

L20 15 Time & Frequency domain

description L21

16 Generation of SSB Waves L22 17 Detection of SSB Waves L23 18 Defination of VSB, Time& Freq

domain description L24,L25

19 Generation & Detection of VSB Waves

L26,L27

20 Comparision & Applications of different AM systems.

L28

21 Q&A Discussion L29

Assignment - II : 1) Explain with neat diagram the operation of phase shift method of generation of SSB wave. 2) a) Draw the circuit diagram of envelop detector & explain its operation

b) Calculate the % of power saving by transmitting SSB-SC wave instead of DSB-SC for modulation index of 80%. 3) a) Draw the block diagram of phase shift method of generation of VSB waveform. b) Explain the filter method of generation of VSB wave with block diagram and draw the spectrum of frequency response of VSB filter. 4) Show that the output SNR in a SSB system is equivalent to that f DSB-SC system with suitable derivations. Unit – III: Angle Modulation: Basic concepts, frequency modulation; single tone frequency modulation, spectrum analysis of sinusoidal FM wave, Narrow band FM, wideband FM, constant average power, Transmission bandwidth of FM-wave-Generation of FM waves, Direct Fm, Detection of FM waves; Balanced frequency discriminator, zero crossing detector, phase locked loop, comparison of FM & AM., noise in angle modulation system, Threshold effect in angle modulation system, pre-emphasis & de-emphasis. Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to:

Differentiate between FM & PM, know about basic concepts Define FM both general and single tone FM, representation of waves, mathematical

analysis. Draw the spectrum of FM, analyze using based functions Classify WBFM , NBFM Calculate the required bandwidth, power Generate FM using various methods VCO, variable reactance Detection of FM using frequency discrimination, phase discrimination, PLLs. Compare AM & FM with respect to bandwidth, power etc. Calculate the noise in angle modulation systems FM, PM. Define threshold effect in angle modulation system. Understand the noise immunity of FM Define pre-emphasis, de-emphasis and related circuits Solve problems on FM, PM.

LECTURE PLAN:


22 Defination of FM & PM

Angle Modulation Concepts

& Angle Modulation

methods

L30 23 Single tone FM,Spectrum

Analysis of FM L31,L32

24 Narrow & Wide band FM, Bandwidth in FM

L33,L34

25 Constant average power, Transmission BW of FM

L35

26 Comparison of FM & AM L36 27 Q&A Discussion L37 28 Generation of FM waves L38,L39,L40 29 Detection of FM waves L41,L42,L43 30 FM Transmitter & its Types L44 31 Q&A Discussion L45 32 Noise in Analog

communication System

Noise

L46

33 Noise in AM,DSBSC,SSB L47,L48

34 Noise in Angle Modulation L49,L50 35 Threshold Effect in Angle

Modulation L51

36 Pre-emphasis & De-emphasis L52,L53 37 Q&A Discussion L54

Assignment – III: 1) Derive the expression for FM wave in terms of based function if message signal is cos wmt and carrier is coswct. 2) Explain the generation of FM using Armstrong method explain faster discriminator in detail. 3) A modulating signal 5 cos 2 π X 15 X 103 t, angle modulates a carrier Ac cos wct. a) Find the modulation index and bandwidth for FM & PM. b) Determine the change in bandwidth & modulation index for the FM & PM if fm is reduced to 5KHz. Assume Kp=Kf=15KHz/Volt c) Draw the FM & PM waveforms if the message signal is square wave, carrier = Ac cos wct. 4) What are the observations made from the SNR expressions of FM system? Explain them. What do you know about the threshold extension in FM? 5) What is the purpose of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis filtering? Explain the filtering process with suitable sketches. 6) Compare all analog systems in detail. Unit – IV: Transmitters: Radio transmitter-Classification of Transmitter, AM Transmitter, FM Transmitter- Variable reactance type and phase modulated FM transmitter, frequency stability in FM transmitter. Receivers : Radio Receiver – receiver types –Tuned radio frequency receiver, super heterodyne receiver, RF section and characteristics- Frequency changing and tracking, Intermediate frequency, AGC, FM receiver, Comparison with AM receiver, amplitude limiting. Learning Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be to:

Know about block diagram of radio transmitter and various parts of transmitter. Classify the transmitter Study about AM transmitter Know about effects of feedback to improve performance of AM transmitter Know about FM transmitter; variable reactance type and phase modulated types Frequency stability of FM transmitter. Know about the block diagram of radio receiver and its individual stages. Classify the receiver Describe tuned radio frequency receivers. Study about super heterodyne receiver types. Characterize the RF section Know about frequency changing and tracking. Calculate IF, and Know about AGC. Know about construction of FM, M receivers. Compare FM, AM receivers. Know about amplitude liming.

Lecture Plan


38 Radio Transmitter, Classification of transmitters

Transmitters & Receivers

L55

39 Types of AM transmitters L56 40 Radio receiver, Types of Rx L57 41 Superhetrodyne receiver L58 42 RF section & its characteristics L59 43 Freq. changing & Tracking L60 44 Intermediate freq ,AGC L61 45 FM receiver, Comparision with

AM, Amplitude limiting L62

Assignment IV: 1) a) Give the classification of Radio transmitters Name the constituent stages of AM radio

transmitter and briefly give the function of each stage. 2) Draw the block diagram and describe the working of a simple FM transmitter using

reactance modulator. 3) Draw the block diagram of Armstrong FM transmitter and describe its working. 4) Draw the block diagram of super heterodyne receiver circuit and explain each block. State

the advantages of super heterodyne receiver over TRF receiver. 5) What is AGC. Explain the operation of AGC. 6) Explain the purpose of Mixer/Local oscillator circuits. 7) Draw the block diagram of FM receiver and explain each block. 8) What is fading? Explain various types of fading.

Unit – V: Pulse Modulation: Time division Multiplexing, types of pulse modulation, PAM( single polarity, double polarity) PWM; generation and demodulation of PWM, PPM, generation and demodulation of PPM.. Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this unit the student will be able to:

Know about TDM. Classify pulse modulations as PAM, PWM, PPM. Generate and detect PAM ; single & double polarity Generate and demodulate PWM Generate and demodulate PPM. Compare performance of various pulse modulations.

Lesson plan:


46 Time Division Multiplexing

Pulse Modulation

L63 47 Defination of Pulse

Modulation L64

48 Types of Pulse Modulation L65 49 PAM,PWM,PPM L66 50 Generation & Detection of

PPM,PAM,PWM. L67

Assignment – V: 1) Compare FDM & TDM two signal band limited to 3 and 5 KHz, are to be time division multiplexed. Find the max permissible interval between 2 successive samples. 2) Explain and draw PWM modulator and demodulator. 3) Draw and explain the circuit of PPM modulator and demodulator. 4) Draw and Explain the circuit of PAM modulator and demodulator.





3 1 4

Subject: CONTROL SYSTEMS Subject Code: 5EC08




Name of the Faculty Member : Ch.Naga Deepa/V.Sagar Reddy/G.Vijaya kumar _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Pre-requisites: Basic concepts of Mathematics and Signal concepts

Course Objectives

To understand the different ways of system representations such as Transfer function

representation and state space representations and to assess the system dynamic response

To assess the system performance using time domain analysis and methods for improving it

To assess the system performance using frequency domain analysis and techniques for

improving the performance

To design various controllers and compensators to improve system performance

Course outcomes

After going through this course the student will be able to

how to improve the system performance by selecting a suitable controller and/or compensator

for a specific application

Apply various time domain and frequency domain techniques to assess the system performance

Apply various control strategies to different applications (example: Power systems, electrical

drives etc…)

Test system Controllability and Observability using state space representation and applications

of state space representation to various systems.

UNIT I:

INTRODUCTION: Concepts of Control Systems- Open Loop and closed loop control systems and their differences-

Different examples of control systems.

Mathematical models – Differential equations, Impulse Response and transfer functions -

Translational and Rotational mechanical systems


After completion of the unit, students will be able to:

Explain the concepts of control system.

Explain the classification of control system.

Make the comparison between open loop and closed loop control system with examples.

Identify the use of Laplace Transform in control system.

Determine the Transfer Function of Mechanical Translational System.

Solve problems on Mechanical Translational System.

Derive Electrical Analogous of Mechanical Translational System.

Determine the Transfer Function of Mechanical Rotational System.

Solve problems on Mechanical Rotational System.

Derive Electrical Analogous of Mechanical Rotational System.

Lecture Schedule

S.No. Description of Topic No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1. Necessity and importance of control systems,

classification of control system

1 PPT

2. Open loop and closed loop systems with examples and

differences between open loop and closed loop system

1 PPT+ Video

3. Use of Laplace transforms in control systems. Definition

of Transfer function problems solved. Physical systems

1 PPT

4. Mechanical translational systems and related problems

solved

2 chalk & board

5. Mechanical translational systems and related problems 2 PPT, chalk &

board

6. Electrical analogous of Mechanical translational systems,

force-voltage and Force-current analogy

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

Total Periods: 9

ASSIGNMENT OF UNIT- I

1. Distinguish between 1) linear and nonlinear system 2) Open Loop and Closed Loop control

system 3) Regenerative and degenerative feedback control systems.

2. Define system and explain about various types of control systems with examples and their

advantages.

3. What are the advantages of negative feedback? Explain the effect of negative feedback on

bandwidth and sensitiveness to parameter variation in closed loop control system.

UNIT II:

TRANSFER FUNCTION REPRESENTATION & TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS:

Transfer Function of DC Servo motor - AC Servo motor- Synchro transmitter, Receiver and Magnetic

amplifier.

Block diagram Reduction–Signal flow graphs - Mason’s gain formula – Numerical Problems.

Standard test signals - Time response of first order systems –Transient response of second order

systems, Characteristic Equation of feedback control systems, Time domain specifications – Steady

state response - Steady state errors and error constants – Effects of Feedback on System Performance

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completion of UNIT II the student will be able to

Derive Transfer Function of DC Servomotor – Armature controlled and Field controlled

Derive Transfer Function of AC Servomotor.

Explain the operation of Synchro transmitter and Receiver.

Represent Electrical system as a Block Diagram and solve related problems.

Explain Block Diagram algebra.

Represent Control System graphically using Signal Flow Graph.

Reduce Block diagram using Mason’s Gain Formula.

Determine the Time response of 1st order system.

Time response of 2nd order system for undamped, underdamped, critically damped, over

damped.

Time domain specifications- rise time, peak time, delay time, settling time, peak over shoot-

expressions derived.

Determine the steady state response.

Determine Steady state errors and Error Constants.

Explain Feedback Characteristics.

Explain the reduction of parameter variations like system sensitivity, Time constant , Gain ,

Stability by use of feedback.


Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1. Servomotor, classification, requirements. Difference

between 2 Phase Induction Motor and Servomotor.

1 PPT

2. Transfer function of Armature Controlled DC motor.

1 PPT +Video

3. Transfer function of field Controlled DC motor.

1 PPT

4. Transfer function of AC servomotor. 1 chalk & board

5. Block diagram Algebra, Block diagram reduction using

algebra. Problems solved.

2 PPT, chalk &

board

6. Signal flow graph method, properties. Mason’s Gain

Formula

1 PPT, Chalk &

board

7 Block Diagram Reduction using Mason’s Gain Formula.

Comparison of block diagram and signal flow graph

methods, conversion of block diagram to signal flow graph

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

8 Standard test signals. Review of Partial Fraction

Expansion

1 Chalk & board

9 Time Domain Specifications and their derivations 1 Chalk & board

10 Time response of 1st order system for Ramp i/p, step i/p,

Exponential i/p, etc. Time response of 2nd order system

for undamped and under damped cases.

2 Chalk & board

11 Steady state Error, Static Error Constants ess for unit step,

unit ramp, and unit parabolic for type-0, 1, 2 & 3 order

systems

2 Chalk & board

12 Effects of Feedback, reduction of parameter variations by

use of feedback, sensitivity, time constant, gain, stability,

and disturbance

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

Total: 17

ASSIGNMENT OF UNIT_II

1. Derive the transfer function of an a.c. servomotor and draw its characteristics.

2. Derive the transfer function for the field controlled d.c. servomotor with neat sketch.

3. Draw the signal flow graph for the system of equations given below and obtain the overall

transfer function using mason’s rule

X2 = X1 + X6

X3 = G1 X1 + H 2 X4 + H 3 X5

X4 = G2 X3 + H4 G6

X5 = G5 X4

X6 = G4 X5 4. In a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function G(s) = 10 / s (s+1). Find the

time response of the system

a) Find the time constant and % overshoot for a unit step input.

b) To reduce the % overshoot by 50% it is proposed to add a tachometer feedback 100p. Find

the tachometer feedback gain to be used.

5. Consider the closed -loop system given by C(s) / R(s) = wn2

/ s2

+ 2 ξ wn s + wn2

. Determine the

values of ξ and wn so that the system responds to a step input with Approximately 5% overshoot and

with a settling time of 2 sec. (Use 2% criterion).

UNIT – III STABILITY ANALYSIS IN S-DOMAIN: The Concept of stability – Routh Stability Criterion –

Qualitative stability and conditional stability.

Root Locus Technique & PID Controllers The root locus concept – construction of root loci – effects of adding poles and Zeros to G(s) H(s) on

the root loci. Effects of P,PD,PI and PID Controllers.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing UNIT III the student will be able to

Explain the concepts of stability

Solve problems on Routh Hurwitz stability criterion

Solve problems on Conditional stability

Construct Root Locus

Solve problems on root locus

Explain the effects of Proportional Derivative, Proportional Integral and PID Systems.

LECTURE SCHEDULE


Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1. Concepts of stability – definition, location of roots of

characteristic equation

1 PPT

2. Hurwitz criterion, Routh Hurwitz stability criterion

1 PPT, chalk &

board

3. Problems on R H criterion 2 chalk & board

4. Relative stability, applications & limitations of Routh’s

criteria.

1 chalk & board

5. Root locus techniques- introduction 1 PPT, chalk &

board

6. Angle condition, magnitude condition, Graphical method

of determining K

1 PPT, Chalk &

board

7 Rules for construction of root locus, examples given 2 PPT, Chalk &

board

8 Problems solved on root locus techniques 3 Chalk & board

9 Explain the effects of Proportional Derivative,

Proportional Integral and PID Systems

1 Chalk & board

Total: 13

ASSIGNMENT OF UNIT III

1) a) Explain the concepts of Stability of a control system and explain a method to determine the

stability of dynamical system.

b) A unity feedback control system is characterized by the open loop transfer function

G(s) = K (s+13) / s(s+3) (s+7)

i) Using the Routh’s criterion determine the range of values of K for the system to be

stable

ii) Check for K=1 all the roots of the characteristic equation of above system have

damping factor

UNIT – IV

Frequency Response: Stability Analysis & Compensators

Introduction, Frequency domain specifications-Bode plot- transfer function from the Bode plot-Phase

margin and Gain margin-Stability Analysis from Bode Plots, Polar Plots-Nyquist Plots-Stability

Analysis.

Compensators: Lead, Lag, Lead-Lag Compensators on System Performance.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing UNIT IV the student will be able to

Determine Frequency Response

Draw Bode plot

Calculate Gain Margin , Phase Margin from Bode Plot

Determine stability from Bode Plot.

Draw and analyze Polar Plot.

Determine Gain margin and Phase margin.

Determine the stability by Nyquist Criterion.

Solve problems on Nyquist Criterion.

Explain compensation techniques

Explain lag controllers design in frequency domain.

Explain lead controllers design in frequency domain.

Explain lead – lag controllers design in frequency domain.

.

LECTURE SCHEDULE


Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1. Frequency domain Specifications 1 PPT, Chalk &

board

2. Bode plot: Gain margin, Phase margin Magnitude plot,

Phase plot, problems worked out

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

3. Stability analysis from Bode plots, problems solved 2 Chalk & board

4. Polar plot, gain margin, phase margin 1 PPT, Chalk &

board

5. Problems solved on Polar plot 1 PPT, Chalk &

board

6. Nyquist plots ,Nyquist criterion to find the stability 1 PPT, Chalk &

board

7 Problems on Nyquist plot, Effects of adding poles and

zeros to G(s) H(s) on the shape of the Nyquist dia.

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

8 Introduction and preliminary design considerations 1 PPT, Chalk &

board

9 Lead compensation & Lag compensation 2 PPT, Chalk &

board

10 Problem on Lead - Lag compensation based frequency

response approach.

1 Chalk & board

Total: 14

ASSIGNMENT OF UNIT _ IV

1) a) Explain a frequency domain specifications.

b) Sketch the Bode plot for the Transfer function G(s) = Ke-0.5s

/ s (2+s) (1+0.3s),’K’ stands for the

cross over frequency wcf to be 5 rad/sec.

2) Sketch the Bode plot for a unity feedback system characterized by the open loop transfer function

G(s) = K (1+0.2s)(1+0.025s) / s2(1+0.001s)(1+0.005s). Show that the system is conditionally stable.

Find the range of K for which the system is stable.

3) a) Explain Nyquist Stability criterion.

b) A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function given by

G(s) H(s) = 100 / (s+5) (s+2). Draw the Nyquist diagram and determine its stability.

4) Draw the Nyquist plot for the open loop system G(s) = K(s+3) / s(s+1) and find its stability. Also

find the phase margin and gain margin.

UNIT-V

CLASSICAL CONTROL DESIGN TECHNIQUES: Compensation Techniques – lag, lead, lead-lag

controllers design in frequency Domain, PID Controllers.

STATE SPACE ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS: Concepts of state, state variables and

state model, derivation of state models from block diagrams, Diagonalization. Solving the Time

invariant state Equations. State Transition Matrix and its properties.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing UNIT V the student will be able to

Construct the state variable model for a system characterized by differential equation.

Obtain state equation and output equation of an electric network.

Obtain state space model for a system.

Explain properties and significance of state transition matrix.

LECTURE SCHEDULE


Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1. Concepts of state, state variables and state model. Model

of a given electrical network

1 PPT, chalk &

board

2. State diagram representation, to obtain state model from a

given transfer function. Problems solved

2 PPT, Chalk &

board

3. Diagonalisation, solving the time invariant state equations 2 PPT, Chalk &

board

4. State transition matrix, Observability and controllability 2 Chalk & board

Total: 7

ASSIGNMENT OF UNIT V

1) Write short notes on lead, lag, lead-lag compensation networks.

2) Explain properties of state transition matrix.

3) Consider the transfer function Y(s) / U(s) = (2s2+ s + 5) / (s

3 + 6s

2 + 11s + 4)

Obtain the state equation by direct decomposition method and also find state transition

matrix

Evaluation Procedure:

Internal evaluation: Mid examination (30) + Assignment (10) = 40 Marks No. of Mid examinations: Two, each evaluated for 25 marks

Pattern of examination: Part-A: - 6 Marks (3X2 Marks) Compulsory

Part-B:- 24 Marks (3X8 Marks) ( Three internal choice questions one

from each UNIT will be given, the student need to answer one question

from each UNIT )

Finalization of Mid for 30 Marks: 80% from the best performed mid examination and 20% from the

other Mid examination.

Assignment test for 10 marks: Two assignments for 5 marks each and average of two, will be taken for

finalization of assignment marks

External Evaluation: 60 Marks

Question paper Pattern: Part A:- 20 Marks Compulsory

10 X 2 Marks = 20 Marks

Part B:- 5 X 8Marks 40 Marks (one from each unit with internal choice, carrying 8

Marks each)

DISCIPLINE

1. Students are expected to be regular in their class work and should conduct themselves in

a disciplined manner. They should abide by such rules of discipline and conduct as

stipulated by the Institute from time to time.

2. The Conduct of the students should be exemplary not only within the premises of the

Institute but also outside.

3. The Institute has the right to contact the parents or guardians regarding the indiscipline,

irregularity in attending classes, default in payment of fees and poor performance/failure

in examinations or any matter of concern relating to their wards. Parent is required to visit the Institute

whenever requested to-by the Head of the Institute.

4. Students shall inform without fail any change in the address of their parents/guardians in

the Academic and MIS Sections of the Institute.

5. Students are not permitted to resort to strikes and demonstrations within the Institute.

Participation in any such activity entails their dismissal from the Institute. Any problems

they face can be represented to the concerned Head of the Department and the Principal.

6. If any student is found to be responsible for bringing outsiders into the campus to settle

personal disputes with other students, he shall be suspended/expelled from the Institute.

7. Birthday parties of students or any other private functions are strictly prohibited within the

campus.

8. Silence shall be observed while inside the Institute Buildings.

9. Misuse of any part of the building or furniture shall be viewed seriously.

10. The Institute premises and buildings shall be kept clean and tidy.

11. Students shall not loiter in the campus during instructional hours and confine themselves

to class rooms and laboratories during instructional hours.

12. Smoking, chewing, consuming alcohol or taking drugs is strictly prohibited in the College

premises.

13. Students who seek admission in this Institute are deemed to have agreed to the rules and

regulations of the Institute.

14. Ragging in any form within or outside the Institute is strictly prohibited. As per the

provisions of the A.P. Prohibition of Ragging Act No.26 of 1997, whoever causes,

commits or abets ragging shall be punished with imprisonment and with fine according to

the seriousness of the crime including immediate dismissal from Institute.

15. Freshers' Introduction / Final Year Students' Farewell parties, outside the Campus are

banned.

16. The Institute has full powers to suspend, fine, rusticate or to take any action which is

deemed necessary in the case of any indiscipline on the part of the students. The same

will be reflected in the Conduct Certificate issued at the time of leaving the Institute.

17. En masse absenteeism of students of a class amounts to indiscipline which attracts fine

with appropriate action to curb the practice.

18. Students should follow Dress Code and should wear I.D. Card in the Campus.

19. Hall Tickets for university Examinations shall be issued only on clearance of their dues.

20. No student-shall enter or leave the class room without the permission of the teacher.

21. Calling students out of their class room while the lecture is in progress is prohibited.

22. Cell Phones and Camera Phones are strictly prohibited within the Campus.

23. Students should have Driving License and wear Helmet when they come to the Institute

by two wheelers.

*****

ACADEMIC HAND BOOK 2016-2017 II B. TECH ECE II … Switching Theory and Logic Design Pradeep Kumar...

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Transcript of ACADEMIC HAND BOOK 2016-2017 II B. TECH ECE II … Switching Theory and Logic Design Pradeep Kumar...