Academic Contract Preparation for Ph.D. General Examinations

Meredith Kleykamp Department of Sociology

Princeton University

December 2000

INTRODUCTION

This contract represents my preparation for the general examinations, as defined by the Department of Sociology. It summarizes my pre-generals coursework and outlines the specific areas of specialization, in which I will take exams in January. It provides a brief discussion of my two pre-generals papers, as well as other co-authored papers completed during this time. Evidence of language proficiency, precepting and other research experience is also included.

PRE-GENERALS COURSEWORK

The following courses represent the fulfillment of basic requirements for the Department of Sociology and for the concentration in Demography. Additional courses represent instruction in my areas of examination, my areas of research or of personal/professional interest.

Theory

SOC501 Classical Sociological Theory Wallace Fall 1998 SOC502 Contemporary Sociological Theory Lamont Spring 1999

Methods/Statistics

SOC503 Techniques and Methods of Social Science Portes Fall 1998 WWS507c Quantitative Analysis : Advanced Cherkes Fall1998 SOC504 Social Statistics Western Spring 1999 SOC530s Historical Methodology Western Spring 1999 SOC530x Intro to Methods of Network Analysis Marsden Spring 1999 SOC550 Seminar in Empirical Investigation Dobbin 1999-2000 WWS509 Generalized Linear Statistical Models Rodriguez Fall 1999

Demography

ECO/SOC571 Survey of Population Problems Goldman Fall 1998 ECO/SOC572 Demographic Methods Goldstein Spring 1999 Migration SOC578 Sociology of Immigration and Ethnicity Portes Fall 1999 HIS555/556 Migration & Citizenship in the Americas Tienda/Adelman 1999-2000 Social Stratification SOCXXXX Reading Course in Social Stratification Tienda Fall 2000 Other Coursework Relating to Research Interests WWS528c Fragile Families and Public Policy McLanahan Spring 2000 WWS594e Health, Socioeconomic Status, and Income Deaton Spring 2000 WWS598 Ethics in Scientific Research Nissenbaum Fall 1998

GENERAL EXAMINATION AREAS AREA EXAMINER DATE . Demography Goldman/Goldstein Passed May 1999 International Migration Portes January 2001 Social Stratification Tienda January 2001

The reading lists for the International Migration and Social Stratification exams are attached at the end of the contract.

PRE-GENERALS PAPERS

“Acculturation and Health Across the Life Course” Readers: Frank Dobbin, Marta Tienda This paper examines the Hispanic health paradox--namely the finding of better-than-expected health among Hispanic immigrants given their socio-economic status. Previous research has demonstrated this finding in adult mortality and morbidity, and for infant mortality and pregnancy outcome. Yet, similar research on children and adolescents is limited. For example it is unclear whether infants born to immigrant mothers, who have a health advantage at birth, retain this health advantage over the life course. I explore the links between generation and acculturation, and health status across the life course, hypothesizing that such a health paradox will not be evident for children and adolescents, but will be present for adults. This hypothesis derives from the idea that the health paradox is a result of differential health behaviors that in turn influence health status. For children and adolescents, the most serious and prevalent health problems are not as strongly linked to health behavior, as are adult health conditions. I use the 1997 National Health Interview Survey to explore these issues. My findings generally support the hypothesis that the health paradox is an adult health paradox. I do not find that first and second generation children have a health advantage over their higher generation peers. Rather, third and higher generation children and adolescents are in better health on a number of dimensions. I do find evidence continuing to support the adult health paradox, leading to the conclusion that the immigrant health advantage is variable across the life course.

“Fragile Extended Families: Father and Grandparent Involvement during Pregnancy and Child Well-Being” Readers: Sara McLanahan, Sara Curran This paper examines the relationship between father and grandparent involvement (both paternal and maternal grandparents) during the pregnancy of unmarried mothers. The paper asks the research questions: how is father involvement related to grandparent involvement, both maternal and paternal grandparents? I expect that grandparent involvement is conditioned by father involvement such that maternal grandparents are more involved when fathers are less involved during pregnancy, and that paternal grandparents are more involved when the father is more involved. That is maternal grandparents act as substitutes for the father, while paternal grandparents complement the father. I use the Fragile Families Survey of New Parents (Baseline data, 7 cities) to show that, like divorced mothers, unmarried mothers serve as the central figure around which extended family support is organized. When mothers cannot rely on father support, their parents become more involved during the pregnancy. Conversely, when fathers are more involved, so too are their parents. The association between father involvement and grandparent involvement is clear using multiple measures of father involvement. There are race/ethnic differences in the relationship between father and grandparent involvement, with Hispanics showing the most unique patterns of association.

OTHER CO-AUTHORED PAPERS

“Migration in the Periphery: A Case Comparison of Guatemalan Migration to Mexico and Haitian Migration to the Dominican Republic” Marion Carter and Meredith Kleykamp This paper applies world-systems perspectives on international migration to migration between nations within the periphery. Using two case studies: migrations from Haiti to the Dominican Republic and from Guatemala to Mexico, we find that overall, similar dynamics underlay migration within the periphery as migration from periphery to core. However, some important differences are revealed, which should be addressed in future theoretical work. Versions of this paper were presented at the American Sociological annual meeting August 12-16, 2000 and at a conference entitled "Race, Ethnicity, and Migration: the United States in a Global Context", November 16-18, 2000 in Minneapolis, MN. “Physical and Mental Health Status of Hispanic Adolescent Girls: A Comparative Perspective”

Marta Tienda and Meredith Kleykamp This paper examines the physical and mental health status of Hispanic adolescent girls from a comparative perspective. Because there are relatively few studies of Hispanic girls' health, it is difficult to know whether and which aspects of health status or risk-taking and health-seeking behavior are unique to them. Therefore, we compare Hispanic adolescent girls to mature Hispanic women, and to black and white adolescent girls and Hispanic boys on various indicators of physical and mental health status. Comparisons with black and white adolescent girls help identify possible cultural differences; comparisons with Hispanic boys isolate sex differences within a common culture; and comparisons with mature women illustrate standards set by their mothers and other adult role models, but also signal possible futures if adolescents behave as their mothers. This paper is listed as an OPR working paper (2000-03), and is presently being revised for publication.

OTHER REQUIREMENTS

Language Proficiency

I passed the language proficiency examination in Spanish with Miguel Centeno, Fall 1999.

Precepting

I served as preceptor for SOC363 “American Medicine: Institutional and Historical Perspectives” taught by Donald Light, Fall 1999. I served as preceptor for WWS509 “Generalized Linear Statistical Models” taught by German Rodriguez, Fall 2000.

Research Experience

In addition to the experience gained in the process of writing the aforementioned papers, I have served as a Research Assistant to several faculty members, in and out of the department. -Research assistance to Sara McLanahan and Anne Case, Summer 1998: Worked on re-coding 10+years of SIPP data for subsequent analysis. -Research assistance to Sara McLanahan, Summer 2000: Conducted detailed data cleaning of the Fragile Families Survey of New Parents, Baseline Data -Research assistance to Angus Deaton and Chris Paxson, Summer 2000-present: Researched and constructed from death counts and population estimates, a database of mortality rates, by single years of age and sex from 1851-1997 for England and Wales. Also, constructed database of socio-economic indicators for birth cohorts from FES data (1961-1997).

Social Stratification/Inequality Reading List for General Examination

Professor Marta Tienda

• Forms and Functions of Social Stratification

Basic Principles and Concepts

Davis, Kingsley and Wilbert E. Moore. 1945. "Some Principles of Stratification." American Sociological Review 10: 242-249. Grusky, David B. 1994. "Contours of Social Stratification." Pp. 3-35 in D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview. Tilly, Charles. 1998. Durable Inequality. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Chapters 1 and 8. Tumin, Melvin E. 1953. "Some Principles of Stratification: A Critical Analysis." American Sociological Review 18: 387-394.

Social Class

Marx, Karl. 1978 [1845]. "Alienation and Social Classes,” The Holy Family, or a Critique of Critical Criticism. Pp. 133-134 in Robert C. Tucker (ed.) The Marx-Engels Reader. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. Marx, Karl. 1994. "Classes in Capitalism and Pre-Capitalism," The Communist Manifesto (1848) pp.108-119; The Poverty of Philosophy (1847) pp. 172-175; The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852) pp.478-479; Capital, Volume III (1894) pp.885-886 reprinted in D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview. Marx, Karl. 1970. "Ideology and Class.” Pp. 64-66 in C.J. Arthur (ed.) The German Ideology. New York: International Publishers. Marx, Karl. 1969. "Value and Surplus Value." Pp. 49, 56-59 in Wages, Prices, and Profit in Selected Works Vol. II. Moscow: Progress Publishers. Dahrendorf, Ralf. 1959. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Pages 41-57, 64-67, 165-167, 170-173. Wright, Erik O. and Bill Martin. 1987. “The Transformation of the American Class Structure, 1960-1980.” American Journal of Sociology 93: 1-29.

Social Status—Weber and Beyond

Weber, Max. 1946. "Class, Status and Party." Pp. 180-195 in Max Weber: Essays in Sociology. New York: Oxford University Press. Translated by H. H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills.

Weber, Max. 1947. "Status Groups and Classes.” Pp. 424-429 in A.M.Henderson and T.Parsons (eds.) The Theory of Social and Economic Organization . Translated by A. M. Henderson and Talcott Parsons. Weber, Max. 1968. "Open and Closed Relationships." Pp. 43-46, 341-342, 344 in G. Roth and C. Wittich (eds.) Economy and Society Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Weber, Max. 1946. “The Rationalization of Education and Training.” Pp. 240-243 in Max Weber: Essays in Sociology. New York: Oxford University Press. Translated by H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills.

Giddens, Anthony. 1973. The Class Structure of the Advanced Societies. London: Hutchinson. Chapter 2, sections 1 and 2; and chapter 6, sections 1 and 2.

• Status Allocation Processes

Building Blocks of Gradational Perspectives

Warner, W. Lloyd, with Marchia Meeker and Kenneth Eells. 1957. Social Class in America. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith. Pages 11-24. Blau, Peter M., and Otis D. Duncan. 1967. The American Occupational Structure. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Chapter 1, section 1; chapter 4, section 1; chapter 5, sections 1, 2, and 6; chapter 12, section 4. Goldthorpe, John H., and Keith Hope. 1972. "Occupational Grading and Occupational Prestige." Pp. 23-27 and 30-37 in K. Hope (ed.) The Analysis of Social Mobility: Methods and Approaches. New York: Oxford University Press. Hodge, Robert W. 1981. "The Measurement of Occupational Status." Social Science Research 10: 396-415. Featherman, David L., and Robert M. Hauser. 1976. "Prestige or Socioeconomic Scales in the Study of Occupational Achievement?" Sociological Methods and Research 4(4): 403-422.

Social Mobility and Status Attainment

Sorokin, Pitirim A . 1959. “Social and Cultural Mobility.” Pp. 245-250 in D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview. Turner, Ralph. 1960. "Sponsored and Contest Mobility and the School System." American Sociological Review 25: 855-867. Featherman, David L., and Robert M. Hauser. 1978. Opportunity and Change. New York: Academic Press. Chapter 4: pp.139-158, 166-177. Bielby, William T. 1981. “Models of Status Attainment.” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 1: 3-26. Jencks, Christopher, et al. 1972. “Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America.” Chapter 1 in C. Jencks (ed.) Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Schooling in America. New York: Basic Books.

• Revisionism and Structuralism in Stratification Research

Structuralist Critiques

Piore, Michael J. "The Dual Labor Market: Theory and Implications." Pp. 55-59 in S.H. Beer and R.E. Barringer (eds.) The State and the Poor. Cambridge, MA: Winthrop Publishers. Sorensen, Aage B., and Arne L. Kalleberg. 1981. "An Outline of Theory of the Matching of Persons to Jobs." Pp. 49-57 and 65-69 in I. Berg (ed.) Sociological Perspectives on Labor Markets. New York: Academic Press.

Granovetter, Mark. 1981. "Toward a Sociological Theory of Income Differences." Pp. 11-47 in I. Berg (ed.) Sociological Perspectives on Labor Markets. New York: Academic Press. Baron, James N. and William T. Bielby. 1984. “The Organization of Work in a Segmented Economy.” American Sociological Review 49(4): 454-473.

• Post-Industrial Stratification Systems

Bell, Daniel. 1973. The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: BasicBooks. Selections found in D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Kerr, Clark, John T. Dunlop, Frederick H. Harbison and Charles A. Meyers. 1964. Industrialism and Industrial Man. New York: Oxford University Press. Pages 15-27, 232-239, 251-252. Szelenyi, Ivan. 1994. "Post-Industrialism, Post-Communism and the New Class." Pp. 723-729 in D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective . Boulder, CO: Westview.

• Consequences of Stratification

Lifestyles Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Pages 114-115, 128-129, 169-202, 206-209, 503, 519-523, 572-576. DiMaggio, Paul. 1994. “Social Stratification, Life-Style and Social Cognition.” Pp. 458-465 D.B. Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race & Gender in Sociological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview. Veblen, Thorstein. 1973. The Theory of the Leisure Class. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. Pages 35-43, 61-72, 94, 98.

Recent Trends in Inequality

Bianchi, Suzanne M. 1999. “Feminization and Juvenilezation of Poverty: Trends, Relative Risks, Causes and Consequences. Annual Review of Sociology 25: 307-334. Mare, Robert. 1995. “Changes in Educational Attainment and School Enrollment.” Chapter 4 in Farley (ed.) State of the Union Vol. 1. New York: Russell Sage. Morris, Martina, and Bruce Western. 1999. “Inequality in Earnings at the Close of the Twentieth Century.” Annual Review of Sociology 25: 623-657. Oliver, Melvin T., and Thomas M. Shapiro. 1997. Black Wealth/White Wealth. New York: Routledge. Chapter 5. Wolff, Edward N. 1996. Top Heavy: The Increasing Inequality of Wealth in America and What Can Be Done about It . New York: The New Press. Chapters 1-4.

Ascription: Gender, Race and Ethnicity

Bielby, William T., and James N. Baron. 1986. "Men and Women at Work: Sex Segregation and Statistical Discrimination." American Journal of Sociology 91: 759-799.

Bonacich, Edna. 1972. "A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market." American Sociological Review 37: 547-559. Browne, Irene. 1999. "Employment and Earnings Among Latinas and African American Women." Introduction in Irene Browne (ed.) Latinas and African-American Women at Work . New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Browne, Irene; and Ivy Kennelly. 1999. "Stereotypes and Realities: Images of Black Women in the Labor Market." Chapter 9 in Irene Browne (ed.) Latinas and African-American Women at Work. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Hodge, Robert W. 1973. "Toward a Theory of Racial Differences in Employment." Social Forces 52: 16-31. Jacobs, Jerry A. 1996. “Gender Inequality and Higher Education.” Annual Review of Sociology 22: 153-185. Lieberson, Stanley. 1961. "A Societal Theory of Race and Ethnic Relations." American Sociological Review 26: 902-910. Reskin, Barbara. 1999. "Occupational Segregation by Race and Ethnicity Among Women Workers." Chapter 5 in Irene Browne (ed.) Latinas and African-American Women at Work. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Waters, Mary C. and Karl Eschbach. 1995. “Economic Inequality among American Racial and Ethnic Groups.” Annual Review of Sociology 21: 419-446.

Health Consequences of Stratification Wilkinson, Richard. 1996. Unhealthy Societies: the afflictions of inequality. Routledge.-selections Kawachi, Ichiro, Bruce P. Kennedy and Richard G. Wilkinson. 1999. Society and Population Health Reader: Income inequality and Health . New Press.-selections Adler, Nancy E., W. T. Boyce, M. A. Chesney, S. Cohen, S. Folkman, R. L. Kahn, and S. L. Syme. 1994. Socioeconomic status and health. The challenge of the gradient." American Psychologist 49:15-24. Adler, N. E., W. T. Boyce, M. A. Chesney, S. Folkman, and S. L. Syme. 1993. "Socioeconomic inequalities in health. No easy solution." Jama 269:3140-5. William, Davis R. and Chiquita Collins. 1995. US Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in Health: Patterns and Explainations. Annual Review of Sociology. 21: 349-386.

Elo, Irma T. and Samuel H. Preston. 1996. "Educational Differentials in Mortality: United States 1979-85." Social Science and Medicine 42:47-57.

Feinstein, Johnathan S. 1993. The Realtionship between Socioeconomic Status and Health: A Review of the Literature. Milbank Quarterly. 71: 279-322.

Williams, D. R., R. Lavizzo-Mourey, and R. C. Warren. 1994. "The concept of race and health status in America." Public Health Reports 109:26-41.

Robert, Stephanie. 1999. Socioeconomic Position and Health: The Independent Contribution of Community Socioeconomic Context. Annual Review of Sociology 25: 489-516.

Kitagawa, E.M. and P.M. Hauser. 1973. Differential Mortality in the United States: A Study in Socioeconomic Epidemiology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Markides, K. S. and J. Coreil. 1986. "The health of Hispanics in the southwestern United States: an epidemiologic paradox." Public Health Reports 101:253-65. Scribner, R. 1996. "Paradox as paradigm--the health outcomes of Mexican Americans [editorial; comment] [see comments]." American Journal of Public Health 86:303-5.

International Migration

Reading List for General Examination Professor Alejandro Portes

I. Determinants of Migration Borjas, George. 1994. “The Economics of Immigration.” Journal of Economic Literature 32:667-717. Borjas, George J. 1989. “Economic Theory and International Migration.” International Migration Review 23:457-485. Castells, Manuel. 1975. “Immigrant Workers and Class Struggles in Advanced Capitalism: The Western European Experience.” Politics and Society 5:33-66. Cohen, Robert. 1987. The New Helots: Immigrants in the International Division of Labor. Aldershot: Avebury/Gower. Grasmuck, Sherri, and Patricia Pressar. 1991. Between Two Islands: Dominican International Migration. Berkeley: University of California Press. Greenwood, Michael. 1985. “Human Migration: Theory, Models and Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Regional Science 25:521-544. Lee, Everett S. 1966. “A Theory of Migration.” Demography 3:47-57. Massey, Douglas, and Kristen Espinoza. 1997. “What is Driving Mexico-US Migration? A Theoretical, Empirical and Policy Analysis.” American Journal of Sociology 102:939-999. Massey, Douglas S., Luin Goldring, and Jorge Durand. 1994. “Continuities in Transnational Migration: An Analysis of Nineteen Mexican Communities.” American Journal of Sociology 99:1492-1533. Papademetriou, Demetrios G., and Philip L. Martin. 1991. “Labor Migration and Development: Research and Policy Issues.” Pp. 3-26 (and other selections from this volume) in The Unsettled Relationship: Labor Migration and Economic Development, edited by Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Philip L. Martin. New York: Greenwood Press. Petersen, William. 1958. “A General Typology of Migration.” American Sociological Review 23:256-266. Piore, Michael. 1979. Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press. Sassen, Saskia. 1988. The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stark, Oded. 1991. The Migration of Labor. Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell. Taylor, J. Edward. 1986. “Differential Migration, Networks, Information , and Risk.” Pp. 147-171 in Migration Theory, Human Capital and Development, edited by Oded Stark. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press. Thomas, Brinley. 1973. Migration and Economic Growth: A Study of Great Britain and the Atlantic Economy . London: Cambridge University Press.

Tilly, Charles. 1990. “Transplanted Networks.” Pp. 79-95 in Immigration Reconsidered: History, Sociology, and Politics, edited by Virginia Yans-McLaughlin. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Todaro, Michael. 1969. “A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries.” The American Economic Review 59:138-148. Todaro, Michael P., and Lydia Maruszko. 1987. “Illegal Migration and U.S. Immigration Reform: A Conceptual Framework.” Population and Development Review 13:101-114. II. Labor Use Bonacich, Edna. 1973. “A Theory of Middleman Minorities.” American Sociological Review 38:583-94. Borjas, George J. 1990. Friends or Strangers: The Impact of Immigrants on the U.S. Economy . New York: Basic Books. Castells, Manuel. 1975. “Immigrant Workers and Class Struggles in Advanced Capitalism: The Western European Experience.” Politics and Society 5:33-66. Cohen, Robert. 1987. The New Helots: Immigrants in the International Division of Labor. Aldershot: Avebury/Gower. Lieberson, Stanley. 1994. “A Piece of the Pie: Blacks and White Immigrants since 1880.” Pp. 543-554 in Social Stratification, edited by David Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Light, Ivan , and Edna Bonacich. 1988. Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles 1965-1982. Berkeley: University of California Press. Massey, Douglas S., Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaoci, Adela Pellegrino, and J. Edward Taylor (Eds.). 1998. Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millenium. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. Papademetriou, Demetrios G., and Philip L. Martin. 1991. “Labor Migration and Development: Research and Policy Issues.” Pp. 3-26 (and other selections from this volume) in The Unsettled Relationship: Labor Migration and Economic Development, edited by Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Philip L. Martin. New York: Greenwood Press. Piore, Michael. 1979. Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press. Portes, Alejandro (Ed.). 1995. The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship . New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Portes, Alejandro, and Robert D. Manning. 1986. “The Immigrant Enclave: Theory and Empirical Examples.” in Competitive Ethnic Relations, edited by Susan Olzak and Joane Nagel. Orlando: Academic Press. Portes, Alejandro, and Julie Sensenbrenner. 1993. “Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the Social Determinants of Economic Action.” American Journal of Sociology 98. Rosenblum, Gerald. 1973. Immigrant Workers: Their Impact on American Labor Radicalism. New York: Basic Books. Sassen, Saskia. 1988. The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Simon, Julian Lincoln. 1989. The Economic Consequences of Immigration. Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell. Thomas, Brinley. 1973. Migration and Economic Growth: A Study of Great Britain and the Atlantic Economy . London: Cambridge University Press. Tienda, Marta. 1995. “The Wages of Race: Color and Employment Opportunity in Chicago's Inner City.” in Origins and Destinies: Immigration, Race, and Ethnicity in America, edited by S Pedraza and R.G. Rumbaut. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Waldinger, Roger. 1996. Still the Promised City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. III. Role of the State Basch, Linda G. 1994. Nations Unbound: Transnational Projects, Post-Colonial Predicaments, and De-Territorialized Nation States. Langhorne, PA: Gordon and Breach. Brubaker, William Rogers (Ed.). 1989. Immigration and the Politics of Citizenship in Europe and North America. New York: University Press of America. Cohen, Robert. 1987. The New Helots: Immigrants in the International Division of Labor. Aldershot: Avebury/Gower. Cornelius, Wayne, Philip L. Martin, and James F. Hollifield (Eds.). 1995. Controlling Immigration: A Global Perspective. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Espenshade, Thomas, and Jessica Baraka. 1997. “Implications of the 1996 Welfare and Immigration Reform Acts for US Immigration.” Population and Development Review 23:769-801. Freeman, Gary P. 1995. “Modes of Immigration Politics in Liberal Democratic States.” International Migration Review 29:881-902. Georges, Eugenia. 1990. The Making of a Transnational Community: Migration, Community, and Cultural Change in the Dominican Republic. New York: Columbia University Press. Papademetriou, Demetrios G., and Philip L. Martin. 1991. “Labor Migration and Development: Research and Policy Issues.” Pp. 3-26 (and other selections from this volume) in The Unsettled Relationship: Labor Migration and Economic Development, edited by Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Philip L. Martin. New York: Greenwood Press. Zolberg, Aristide. 1989. “The Next Waves: Migration Theory for a Changing World.” International Migration Review 23:403-430. Zolberg, Aristide. 1999. “Matters of State: Theorizing Immigration Policy.” Pp. 71-93 in Handbook of International Immigration, edited by R. Farley: Russell Sage.

IV. Socio-economic and Political Adjustment Alba, Richard , and Victor Nee. 1997. “Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration.” International Migration Review 31:826-874. Bonacich, Edna. 1973. “A Theory of Middleman Minorities.” American Sociological Review 38:583-94.

Borjas, George. 1994. “The Economics of Immigration.” Journal of Economic Literature 32:667-717. Espenshade, Thomas, and Jessica Baraka. 1997. “Implications of the 1996 Welfare and Immigration Reform Acts for US Immigration.” Population and Development Review 23:769-801. Gibson, Margaret A. 1989. Accommodation without Asssimilation: Sikh Immigrans in an American High School . Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Glazer, Nathan, and Daniel Patrick Moynihan. 1970. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians and Irish in New York City. Cambridge, Mass.: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press. Gordon, Milton M. 1964. Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion and National Origins. New York: Oxford Universtiy Press. Grasmuck, Sherri, and Patricia Pressar. 1991. Between Two Islands: Dominican International Migration. Berkeley: University of California Press. Handlin, Oscar. 1973. The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People. Boston: Little Brown. Light, Ivan , and Edna Bonacich. 1988. Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles 1965-1982. Berkeley: University of California Press. Portes, Alejandro (Ed.). 1995. The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship . New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Portes, Alejandro, and Robert D. Manning. 1986. “The Immigrant Enclave: Theory and Empirical Examples.” in Competitive Ethnic Relations, edited by Susan Olzak and Joane Nagel. Orlando: Academic Press. Portes, Alejandro, and Ruben G. Rumbaut. 1996. Immigrant America: A Portrait. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Portes, Alejandro, and Julie Sensenbrenner. 1993. “Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the Social Determinants of Economic Action.” American Journal of Sociology 98. Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. 1993. “The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and its Variants Among Post-1965 Immigrant Youth.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 530:74-96. Rosenblum, Gerald. 1973. Immigrant Workers: Their Impact on American Labor Radicalism. New York: Basic Books. Rouse, Roger. 1991. “Mexican Migration and the Social Space of Postmodernism.” in Diaspora . Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rumbaut, Ruben. 1997. “Paradoxes (and Orthodoxies) of Assimilation.” Sociological Perspectives 40:483-511. Simon, Julian Lincoln. 1989. The Economic Consequences of Immigration. Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell. Thomas, William I., and Florian Znaniecki. 1927. The Polish Peasant in Europe and America. New York: Knopf.

Tienda, Marta. 1995. “The Wages of Race: Color and Employment Opportunity in Chicago's Inner City.” in Origins and Destinies: Immigration, Race, and Ethnicity in America, edited by S Pedraza and R.G. Rumbaut. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Waldinger, Roger. 1996. Still the Promised City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Warner, W. Lloyd, and Leo Srole. 1945. The Social Systems of American Ethnic Groups. New Haven: Yale University Press. Waters, Mary. 1994. “Ethnic and Racial Identities of Second Generation Black Immigrants in New York City.” International Migration Review 28. Zhou, Min. 1992. Chinatown: The Socioeconomic Potential of an Urban Enclave. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Zhou, Min. 1997. “Growing up American: The Challenge Confronting Immigrant Children and Children of Immigrants.” Annual Review of Sociology 23:63-95. Zhou, Min, and Carl L. Bankston. 1998. Growing Up American: How Vietnamese Children Adapt to Life in the United States. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

V. Community and National Development Appleyard, R.T. 1992. “Migration and Development: A Critical Relationship.” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1:1-18. Fernandez-Kelly, Maria Patricia. 1983. For We Are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industrialization in Mexico's Frontier. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. Grasmuck, Sherri, and Patricia Pressar. 1991. Between Two Islands: Dominican International Migration. Berkeley: University of California Press. Kearney, Michael. 1986. “From the Invisible Hand to Visible Feet: Anthropological Studies of Migration and Development.” Annual Review of Anthropology 15:331-61. Kyle, David. 1999. “The Otavalo Trade Diaspora.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 22:422-446. Massey, Douglas. 1988. “Economic Development and International Migration in Comparative Perspective.” Population and Development Review 14:383-413. Massey, Douglas S., Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaoci, Adela Pellegrino, and J. Edward Taylor (Eds.). 1998. Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millenium. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. Massey, Douglas S., Luin Goldring, and Jorge Durand. 1994. “Continuities in Transnational Migration: An Analysis of Nineteen Mexican Communities.” American Journal of Sociology 99:1492-1533. Papademetriou, Demetrios G., and Philip L. Martin. 1991. “Labor Migration and Development: Research and Policy Issues.” Pp. 3-26 (and other selections from this volume) in The Unsettled Relationship: Labor Migration and Economic Development, edited by Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Philip L. Martin. New York: Greenwood Press. Portes, Alejandro. 1978. “Migration and Underdevelopment.” Politics and Society 8:1-48.

Rouse, Roger. 1991. “Mexican Migration and the Social Space of Postmodernism.” in Diaspora . Oxford: Oxford University Press. Sassen, Saskia. 1988. The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stark, Oded. 1991. The Migration of Labor. Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell. Taylor, J. Edward. 1986. “Differential Migration, Networks, Information , and Risk.” Pp. 147-171 in Migration Theory, Human Capital and Development, edited by Oded Stark. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press. Thomas, Brinley. 1973. Migration and Economic Growth: A Study of Great Britain and the Atlantic Economy . London: Cambridge University Press. Todaro, Michael. 1969. “A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries.” The American Economic Review 59:138-148. VI. Emerging topics in Migration Studies: Law and Citizenship Hirschman, Charles, Philip Kasinitz and Josh DeWind eds. 1999. The Handbook of International Migration: the American Experience. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. T.H. Marshall. 1992 [1950]. "Citizenship and Social Class." Pages 1-53 (Pt. I) in Citizenship and Social Class by T.H. Marshall and Tom Bottomore. London: Pluto Press. [NB: Marshall's essay, originally published in 1950, has been reprinted in many editions by the author or in edited collections.] Will Kymlicka. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Chapters 1-3 and 6-7. Bonnie Honig. 1998. "Immigrant America? How Foreignness 'Solves' Democracy's Problems." Social Text 16(3). Bryan Turner. 1990. "Outline of a Theory of Citizenship." Sociology 24(2):189-217. Peter H. Schuck, "Plural Citizenships" and Michael Correa-Jones "Why Immigrants Want Dual Citizenship (And We Should Too): A Response to Peter Schuck. Pages" 149-197 in Immigration and Citizenship in the Twenty-First Century, edited by Noah M. J. Pickus. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers. Yasemin Nuhoglu Soysal. 1994. Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Especially Ch. 8, "Toward a Postnational Model of Membership." [NB: Also reprinted in Shafir 1998.] Michael Fix and Wendy Zimmerman. 1999. All Under One Roof: Mixed-Status Families in an Era of Reform. http://www.urbaninstitute.org/immig/all_under.html. Wayne Cornelius. 1998. "Appearances and Realities: Controlling Illegal Immigration in the United States." Pages384-427 in Temporary Workers or Future Citizens? Japanese and U.S. Migration Policies edited by M. Weiner and T. Hanami. London: Macmillan Press. Saskia Sassen. 1998. "The De Facto Transnationalizing of Immigration Policy." Pages 5-30 in Globalization and its Discontents. New York: The New Press.

Saskia Sassen. 1999. "Beyond Sovereignty: Immigration Policy Making Today." Pages 15-26, Immigration: A Civil Rights Issue for the Americas edited by Suzanne Jonas and Suzie Dod Thomas. Wilmington: Scholarly Resource Inc. Books. Susanne Jonas. 1999. "Rethinking Immigration Policy and Citizenship in the Americas." Pages 99-118 in Immigration: A Civil Rights Issue for the Americas edited by Suzanne Jonas and Suzie Dod Thomas. Wilmington: Scholarly Resource Inc. Books. Michael Walzer. 1992. "Introduction: The Politics of Difference," and "What Does It Mean to be an ‘American?’" Pages 3-19 and 23-49 in What it Means to be an American. New York: Marsilio Publishers. Wayne A. Cornelius, Philip L. Martin and James F. Hollifield. 1995. "Introduction: The Ambivalent Quest for Immigration Control." Pages 3-42 in Controlling Immigration: A Global Perspective edited by Wayne A. Cornelius, Philip L. Martin and James F. Hollifield. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press Aristide Zolberg. 1995. "From Invitation to Interdiction: U.S. Foreign Policy and Immigration since 1945." Pages 117-159 in Threatened Peoples, Threatened Borders edited by M. Teitelbaum and M. Weiner. New York: W.W. Norton and Company. Aristide Zolberg. 1990. "Reforming the Back Door: The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 in Historical Perspective." Pages 315-339 in Immigration Reconsidered edited by Virginia Yans-McLaughlin. New York: Oxford University Press.