AC210_GL

AC210New General Ledger Accounting

(in SAP ERP)SAP ERP - Financials

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Participant HandbookCourse Version: 92Course Duration: 5 DaysMaterial Number: 50093173

An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

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About This HandbookThis handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of thiscourse, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.

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2009 © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. iii

About This Handbook AC210

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iv © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2009

ContentsCourse Overview ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Course Goals .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiCourse Objectives ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

Unit 1: Introduction..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Introduction ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Unit 2: Ledger Definition .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Ledger Definition ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit 3: Document Splitting ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Document Splitting... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Unit 4: Integration and other related issues.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Integration with FI Subledgers ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Integration of the New G/L Accounting with Controlling .. . . . . . .101Integration with Materials Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119(Actual) Allocations (in FI) and the Subject of �Mapping ProfitCenter Accounting�.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Planning / Planning Options ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Unit 5: Selected Periodic Processing ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181(Selected) Periodic Processing .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Unit 6: Parallel Accounting ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215Parallel Accounting .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216

Unit 7: Reporting..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269Reporting... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270

Unit 8: Migration ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299Migration ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .300

2009 © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. v

Contents AC210

vi © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2009

Course OverviewTarget AudienceThis course is intended for the following audiences:

� People responsible for implementing new general ledger accounting:� (SAP) consultants

Course PrerequisitesRequired Knowledge

� Familiarity with operation and use of the conventional general ledger

Recommended Knowledge

� Familiarity with FI subledger accounting and Controlling (=> ManagementAccounting)

Course GoalsThis course will prepare you to:

� get a comprehensive overview of the new general ledger accounting options� become familiar with various topics relating to new general ledger

accounting by means of exercises (and solutions)� assess the possible uses of new general ledger accounting by means of

several examples and practical experience� acquire the knowledge required for the migration course (=> AC212 /

Migration to new G/L)

Course ObjectivesAfter completing this course, you will be able to:

� ... understand the logic and possibilities of new G/L accounting� ... configure and operate new G/L accounting

2009 © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. vii

Course Overview AC210

viii © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2009

Unit 1Introduction

Unit OverviewBriefly discuss the points which will be covered in depth over the following days.This chapter can also be used if you need a brief overview of the functionality ofthe new G/L and the considerable differences between it and the classic generalledger.

Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

� ... outline the advantages of new general ledger accounting

Unit ContentsLesson: Introduction .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

2009 © 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 1

Unit 1: Introduction AC210

Lesson: Introduction

Lesson OverviewThis lesson summarizes the most important properties and benefits of new generalledger accounting in a compact overview.

Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

� ... outline the advantages of new general ledger accounting

Business ExampleCompanies generally make an effort to learn about new developments inthe Processing Business Data area and then consider how useful these newdevelopments would be in their own company.

With new G/L accounting, SAP provides a way to considerably improve thequality of FI data in (external) financial accounting.


AC210 Lesson: Introduction

Overview of G/L Accounting

Figure 1: New General Ledger Accounting Options

Hint: * The correct description is �new General Ledger Accounting�. Forsimplicity reasons, the shorter description �new General Ledger� is usedin AC210 and in SAP Notes and/or (release) documentation.

This can also be abbreviated to �new G/L�.



Figure 2: New G/L: One Component - Many Functions

Prior to SAP ERP, SAP customers had to install and operate many differentcomponents to meet international (or industry-specific) requirements andstandards as completely as possible.

In fact, the situation is worsening because more and more service providers (in thepublic sector, insurance, and media sectors, for example) are demanding balancesheets based on additional criteria - such as grant, fund or industry.

The increasing importance of IAS/IFRS and/or US GAAP as (generallyrecognized) accounting principles is also heightening the need for improvedquality and mapping options of segment reporting, or improved mapping andevaluation of the complete posting data.

Furthermore, a unified solution would undoubtedly also be a bonus for tacklingissues such as Fast Close and Sarbanes-Oxley.

Overview of the totals tables when the classic components are used:

� Classic FI: Table GLT0� Cost-of-sales accounting ledger: Table GLFUNCT� Reconciliation ledger: Table COFIT� EC-PCA / classic profit center accounting: Table GLPCT



Figure 3: Advantages of the New GL - Overview

The subsequent units will elaborate on these benefits.

You can (also) obtain an overview of the advantages of using new general ledgeraccounting in SAP Note 756146.

The following note has detailed PDF attachments about The Basic Architectureof New General Ledger Accounting in SAP ERP in English and German: SAPNote 918675.

Note: Despite all of the new features, the �interfaces� for entering the dataand postings are (almost) identical to those of the previous release.



Figure 4: New General Ledger Accounting and Industry Solutions

In Version April 2009, you can use the SAP Service Marketplace homepageto access the IBU Information: www.service.sap.com => Choose the portalConsulting, Solutions and User Group Areas => Choose (top left) Solution Details.In the structure tree, also on the top left, navigate as follows:Business Solutions andApplications -> SAP Business Suite -> SAP ERP -> SAP ERP Financials -> SAPFinancial Accounting -> General Ledger -> Media Library. In the Media Library:Presentations -> PDF-File New General Ledger Accounting & Industry solutions

Hint: In the Media Library, you can also find other interesting informationabout the new general ledger.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... outline the advantages of new general ledger accounting


Unit Summary AC210

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... outline the advantages of new general ledger accounting


Unit 2Ledger Definition

Unit OverviewIn AC210, the situation is initially as with an SAP customer who has �updated� anR/3 system with an ECC 6.0 system and would now like to familiarize themselfwith the G/L accounting in a test landscape. As a result, the new G/L is not yetactive.


� ... Activate the new general ledger� ... Describe the importance of scenarios� ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger view� ... Define and derive segments� ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement

packages 3 and 4 (=> EhP3 and EhP4) for the new G/L accounting� ... Understand the logic of the business functions and know how to activate

them

Unit ContentsLesson: Ledger Definition.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Exercise 1: Configuration of New General Ledger Accounting... . . . . . 27


Unit 2: Ledger Definition AC210

Lesson: Ledger Definition

Lesson Overview� Activation of New General Ledger Accounting� Familiarization with the new totals table FAGLFLEXT� Assigning �scenarios� (of the new G/L) and their importance� Entry view and general ledger view for Financial Accounting documents� The characteristic Segment� The derivation of the characteristic Segment� Activation of business functions supplied with what are known as

enhancement packages


� ... Activate the new general ledger� ... Describe the importance of scenarios� ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger view� ... Define and derive segments� ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement


them

Business ExampleBefore you can familiarize yourself with the workings of the new G/L accountingand test them in a (test) system, you must be aware of a few basic facts, mustmake a number of important decisions, and must enter a few settings in theconfiguration of the SAP system.


AC210 Lesson: Ledger Definition

Figure 5: The New GL - Who Must / Can Use It?

Info for existing customers:If you think the advantages described in courseAC210 will be useful for you, you can convert to the new general ledgeraccounting in amigration project immediately after you upgrade to SAP ERP.

For more information, see the Migration unit at the end of this course.

Hint: Information for new customers: In the case of a new installation,see Note 756146 for information about setting up the system for the newgeneral ledger accounting.



Figure 6: Activating New General Ledger Accounting

If existing customers want to use the new general ledger accounting, it must beactivated by means of a Customizing transaction (=> TCode FAGL_ACTIVATION).

Caution: This is performed at the start of course AC210 to enable youto explore the new functions.In practice, executing this transactionin production is one of the last activities performed during themigration project leading up to the implementation of new generalledger accounting. You can find more information about this in the lastunit, Migration.

Note: The reverse conclusion also means that new general ledgeraccounting is never activated automatically as part of a (technical)upgrade to an ERP release!

Hint: You set the activation switch for each client - it cannot beactivated on the company code level!

Caution: However, the activation results in system-wide changes to theappearance of the application and Customizing paths.



Figure 7: New Menu Paths After Activation

The paths for new general ledger accounting are available in addition to theclassic (FI) Customizing paths.

Hint: To help you find your way around, the classic financial accountingpaths will initially remain available in their present form.

Once you have become familiar with the paths for new general ledger accounting,you can run the program RFAGL_SWAP_IMG_OLD (across the entire system) tohide the classic financial accounting paths.

Activating the new general ledger also makes several new nodes available in theapplication and the SAP Easy Access menu, in addition to the existing menupaths. If at some point you only want to see and work with the new paths, theobsolete paths can be hidden with the program RFAGL_SWAP_MENU_OLD.

Caution: Activating new general ledger accounting not only affectsthe menu entries - a small number of classic functions and transactionscannot be executed any more either.

Note: The screenshot shown here was made using the Enjoy SAP GUI.The trainer may be using a different GUI in the course.



Figure 8: Ledger Definition

The definition of additional currencies is located under: Customizing: FinancialAccounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→Ledgers→ Define Currencies of Leading Ledger

The assignment of the fiscal year variant and the variant of posting periods tothe leading ledger is located under: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Fiscal Year andPosting Periods

In addition to the leading ledger, you can also define other, non-leading ledgers -see the subsequent unit Parallel Accounting.

If desired, the non-leading ledgers can then be assigned other fiscal year variantsthat differ from the leading ledger or other variants of the posting periods.



Figure 9: Totals Table FAGLFLEXT

In the totals table of the new general ledger (=> FAGLFLEXT) more entities/ characteristics / fields can be updated than was possible in the classic totalstable (=> GLT0).

Examples of new standard fields in the general ledger totals table include:

� Profit Center� Segment� Functional Area� Trading Partner� Consolidation Transaction Type

The totals table FAGLFLEXT can be extended to include additional fields � bothexisting SAP fields and customer-defined fields.

To add customer-defined fields to the totals table you must first add them to theaccount assignment block CI_COBL (=> Customizing transaction Edit CodingBlock).

Caution: Please do not test within the course, nor without consultingthe trainer, those additional fields added to the totals table, as no othertransactions can be performed during this field adding process.



Figure 10: Scenarios � Definition and Assignment

With the fields updated by the scenarios, corresponding business facts can bemapped � for example a segment reporting or the mapping of a profit and lossstatement based on cost of sales accounting, ....

The available scenarios are to be found in Customizing under: FinancialAccounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→Fields→ Display Scenarios for General Ledger Accounting

Caution: You cannot define your own scenarios.

The provided scenarios are assigned to the ledgers in Customizing: FinancialAccounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→Ledger→ Assign Scenarios and Customer Fields to Ledgers

Hint: A ledger can be assigned one scenario, several scenarios, or evenall six scenarios at once.

The decision as to how many scenarios to assign depends solely on which�facts� / �business aspects� you want to map in the new general ledgeraccounting.

Therefore: You do not need one ledger for each scenario.



You do not necessarily have to define one or multiple non-leading ledgers alongwith the leading ledger, which means scenarios do not have to be assignedto non-leading ledgers either. Non-leading ledgers are particularly useful formapping different accounting principles. For more detailed information, see thesubsequent unit Parallel Accounting.

Figure 11: Entry View and General Ledger View

Figure 12: Scenarios � Assignment and Functions (1)



In general, you will notice that nothing has changed for the user for enteringan FI document. As a result, the document in the entry view looks like that inthe document display (=> transaction code FB03) in the classic general ledgeraccounting.

The dependencies have also remained the same. For example:

� Account Purchased Services (=> 417000) is defined as a primary costelement in CO and therefore requires a CO-relevant account assignmentwhen being entered.

� The CO object (for example, that of a cost center) is used to derive the profitcenter characteristic and the functional area.

� New with ERP:The profit center characteristic can now be used to derivethe segment characteristic.


Hint: If the corresponding scenarios are not assigned, no entities /characteristics are transferred to the general ledger view and thereforenot into the tables of the new general ledger either (=> totals tableFAGLFLEXT and line item table FAGLFLEXA).

Effects of a missing scenario assignment: If you call up a balance sheet (and/or a profit and loss statement), you would see the amount EUR 50.00 on thePurchased Services account. It would be impossible, however, to allocate thebookkeeping transaction to a business area, a functional area, a profit center,or to any other entity.



Caution: In AC210, the scenario assignment was changed (more thanonce) in Customizing for training purposes. However, note thatin practice, if you subsequently change the assignment of scenariosor customer fields to a ledger in general ledger accounting in aproductive system, this may lead to major inconsistencies duringdocument processing. Deleting this type of assignment may also leadto inconsistencies. Therefore a relevant warning message appears if youmake changes in Customizing.


As the scenarios cost of sales accounting and profit center update are assignedto leading ledger 0L, these two entities are updated to the (new) general ledgeraccounting and are displayed in the general ledger view.

The cost center field, for example, is not updated or displayed in the generalledger view, because the �cost center update� scenario has not been assignedto the leading ledger.



Caution: However, the assignment of scenarios does not result in a �zerobalance setting� for a selected entity � the example of the profit center (=>column PC) illustrates this:

� It is not (yet) possible to create a complete profit center balance sheet(for profit center 1402, for example), because the profit center hasnot (yet) been inherited to posting lines 2 and 3.

� To achieve this, document splitting must also be configured andactivated - see the following unit Document Splitting.

Note: Please remember: In course AC210, the scenario assignmentwas changed (more than once) in Customizing for training purposes.However, note that in practice, if you subsequently change the assignmentof scenarios or customer fields to a ledger in general ledger accountingin a productive system, this may lead to major inconsistencies duringdocument processing. Deleting this type of assignment can also lead toinconsistencies.

A relevant warning message appears if you make changes in Customizing.

Figure 15: The New Segment Characteristic - Definition and Usage

Segments should / can be used to meet the requirements of international accountingprinciples (=> IAS / IFRS / US-GAAP) regarding �segment reporting�.

The business area or profit center SAP standard objects can also (still) be used asalternatives.



The segment characteristic is also provided with the SAP ERP solution becausethe business area and / or profit center were frequently used for other purposes inthe past in companies, and thereby meet other requirements.

Note: Extract from IFRS 8: BUSINESS SEGMENTS - 5. A businesssegment is an area of a company

� ... a) that carries out business activities that generate revenues and forwhich expenses can be incurred (including revenues and expenses inconnection with transactions with other areas of the same company),

� ... b) whose operating profits are regularly inspected by the maindecision-maker of the company with regard to decisions about theallocation of resources to this segment and the evaluation of itsprofitability, and

� ... c) for which there is corresponding financial information.

Figure 16: Derivation of the Segment from the Profit Center Master Record

An ECC system enables you to save a segment in the master data of a profit center.The segment is posted to automatically when the profit center is posted to.

Note: There is no �dummy segment posting�, as in the (classic) profitcenter logic - if the profit center or the dummy profit center does not have asegment in the master data, there is no segment account assignment either.

The standard method recommended by SAP is to derive the segment from theprofit center master record.

Customers can program their own derivation solutions using a userexit (more precisely, a BAdI): The definition name of the BAdI is:FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT.



Substitutions (=> comparable with the previous usage of the characteristicfunctional area) can also be used to enrich the segment. However, SAP doesnot recommend this method for deriving segments - please also see SAP Note1035140.

Hint: For maintaining profit centers in other SAP (master data) objects,please see Note 1057674.

However, the derivation of the characteristic profit center from other SAPmodules is also dealt with in SAP standard courses:

� In course AC610 (=> Profit Center Accounting with Classic GeneralLedger) or

� In course AC612 (=> Profit Center Accounting with New GeneralLedger Accounting).

Figure 17: Derivation of a Segment - Overview

In the standard system, the entity segment is derived from the characteristic profitcenter because this already exists in various SAP objects, and the characteristicsegment can be derived automatically from this.



If it is not possible to derive the characteristic segment from a profit center masterrecord, other ways must be found of assigning a segment - the options availableare:

� Manual Entry� BAdI implemetation (=> BAdI: FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT)� Defining substitution rules

and a

� standard account assignment, available in connection with the documentsplitting.

In addition to the BAdI FAGL_DERIVE_SEGMENT, there is also the BAdIFAGL_DERIVE_PSEGMENT for deriving the partner segment.

Figure 18: Displaying the Segment Characteristic in an FI Document

Assignment of the scenarios: Financial Accounting (New) → FinancialAccounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Assign Scenarios andCustomer Fields to Ledgers

Definition of the segments: Customizing: Enterprise Structure→ Definition→Financial Accounting→ Define Segment

Maintaining a segment in a profit center: Application: Accounting→ FinancialAccounting→ General Ledger→ Master Data→ Profit Center→ IndividualProcessing→ Change. Alternatively, you can still use Controlling to maintain aprofit center master record in the SAP Easy Access Menu.



Caution: If a customer does not use Profit Center Accounting, forexample, a BAdI makes other derivation strategies possible - see also thedescriptions of the previous figures.

Maintain the field status variant � the fastest method (as of release R/3 4.6):Transaction FBKP or Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) -> FinancialAccounting Global Settings (New) -> Ledgers -> Fields -> Define Field StatusVariants

Maintain the field status of the posting key � the fastest method (as of releaseR/3 4.6): Transaction FBKP or Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) ->Financial Accounting Global Settings (New) -> Document -> Define Posting Keys

* If the field status is not defined as described here, postings are still made tothe segment table field, but this table field cannot be displayed or edited in thecoding block.

Figure 19: Activating Business Functions

Business function FIN_GL_CI_1 was supplied with EhP3 (=> in 2008).

Business function FIN_GL_CI_2 was supplied with EhP4 (=> in 2009).

Caution: Business function FIN_GL_CI_2 cannot be used withoutactivating business function FIN_GL_CI_1.



Caution: You cannot deactivate a business function once you haveactivated it.

Hint: In the future SAP will continue to provide you with further businessfunctions in enhancement packages (=> EhPs), and these businessfunctions will gradually add to the functions of the new general ledgeraccounting.

You can see which enhancement package (if any) you are working with in thecomponent information for your system: In your SAP system, choose System-> Status. In the dialog box that appears, choose the magnifying glass in thescreen area SAP System data. Now search for the entry SAP_APPL in the SoftwareComponents column. If you are already using EhP4, for example, the Releasecolumn will contain the entry 604. If you have not yet imported any enhancementpackages, the Release column will contain the entry 600.

Note: Transaction SFW5 provides documentation, release informationand a test catalog for each business function.

There are enhancement packages only for the SAP ERP 6.0 solution. This�concept� does not exist for mySAP ERP 2004.

Advantages of the EhP and business function logic:

� You can use the option of not having to activate all business functions toselect new functions specifically.

� You can then activate the new functions when you need them and / or whenyou have more time.

� You can restrict (system) tests to precisely those new functions withouthaving to worry about other existing functions / processes being affected bythis. This greatly reduces the time involved in installing the functions.

� Enhancement packages are provided to you free of charge.� The EhP logic will be continued for a number of years (probably on a yearly

basis).

For more information on EhPs go to: www.sap.com→ Large enterprises→SAP Business Suite→ choose the �enhancement packages� link in the text.



Figure 20: Profit Center Assignment � Transaction 1KE4

You can find transaction 1KE4 in the SAP Easy Access menu under: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Master Records→ Profit Center→ Current Settings→ Assignment Overview

Note: With the improvements in EhP4, transaction 1KE4 is now mucheasier to understand and therefore more user-friendly. You can quicklyrecognize which SAP objects do not have a profit center assignment.

You can jump from the results lists of the transaction to the individual SAP objects(=> for example, cost centers) to then maintain a profit center for them, if youdesire*.

Hint: * Subsequent profit center maintenance may not be possible forobjects already posted - please read Note 1057674.



Exercise 1: Configuration of New GeneralLedger Accounting

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Activate and configure the new general ledger accounting.� ... Understand what the new general ledger accounting scenarios are.� ... Know how to create and derive segments.� ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger view of a

financial accounting document.

Business ExampleYou want to learn about and check the basic settings that must be made in thenew general ledger accounting

Task:Checking and understanding basic settings:

1. Call up the activation switch for the new general ledger accounting and makesure the new general ledger has been activated.

Hint: This is a test exercise � please do not change the currentsystem configuration.

2. Which transaction can you use to call up the activation switch?

3. What does FAGL stand for?

4. Check the Customizing settings to find out the ID of the leading ledger.


5. In which totals table are the values of the new general ledger accountingwritten?

6. Check the �new� IMG paths to find out which fiscal year variant yourcompany code AA## uses and which field status variant is assigned to yourcompany code AA##.

Continued on next page



Caution: In all future exercises, the two hash keys (=> ##) stand foryour two-digit group number.


7. Which scenarios have already been assigned to leading ledger 0L (by yourtrainer)?

Hint: This is a also test exercise � please do not change the currentsystem configuration.

8. Create a new segment and enter SEG## as the description. Call the newcharacteristic Segment Group ##.

9. Next, create a profit center with the description PC##. As a templateplease use profit center 1000 in controlling area 1000. Please maintain thefollowing data for the profit center:

Analysis Period: 01/01/1999 to 12/31/9999Name: PC Group ##Long Text: Profit Center Group ##Person Respons.: Group ##Department: TrainingHierarchy Area: H9500 (Training)Segment: Your new segment SEG## from the previous

exercise

Activate your new profit center.

10. Call cost center T-F05A## in change mode and make sure that it is assignedto your company code AA##. Replace the existing profit center with theprofit center you just created, PC##. Answer the warning / informationmessage with Yes. Save your changes.

11. Now create the vendor 210## in your company code AA##.

Hint: You leave the account group empty, and as the template youselect vendor 1000 in company code 1000.

Fill in all the required fields with the address data and save your data.




12. Before the first posting, check whether the cost center, the profit centercharacteristic, and the segment characteristic are defined as �Optional� in thefield status group of account 417000 (=>Purchased Services) in companycode AA##.


13. Now create a vendor invoice for the services you purchased with thefollowing data:

Company Code: AA##Vendor: 210##Invoice and Posting Date: Today's dateAmount: 4.400,� �Calculate Tax indicator: SetTax Code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)Text: 1st AC210 postingG/L Account: 417000Amount in doc. curr.: 4,400 � or simply �*�CO-relevant account assignment: Cost center T-F05A##

Simulate and save the posting document.

14. Now display the document. Change the layout in the entry view such thatthe cost center, profit center, and segment characteristics are displayed. Savethis layout with the name L1 for a specific user. If you want, you can alsosave your new layout as the default setting. If you do so, layout L1 will bestarted automatically whenever you call up a document.

15. Now switch to the general ledger view for your document. Depending onwhich new general ledger scenarios are assigned to the leading ledger, youcan also see (in the expense item) the characteristics cost center, profit centerand segment in the general ledger view for the document.

16. After you enter and analyze the vendor invoice, go back to the masterrecord for the cost center T-F05A##. Try to change the profit center storedthere - for example, back to the entry 1402.

Caution: However, this exercise only works if the scenario ProfitCenter Update (=> FIN_PCA) is assigned to the leading ledger.




After you confirm the information message, the system issues an errormessage informing you that you can no longer change the profit center (inthe standard system).

You can double-click the error message to find out why you are not allowedto make your change: �You want to change the profit center from XXXX toYYYY. This is not allowed because transaction data already exists for theaccount assignment object. In this case, inconsistencies in FI may arise ifyou change the profit center.�

Hint: Please do not try to change the error message into a warningmessage. Even though this option is described in the long text of themessage, you should not avail of it.

Note that you can change the error message. However, in AC210, allgroups should have the chance to view the error message.

Note: In exercise 10, the system does not issue the error message,and you are able to change the profit center in the master data for thecost center because no transaction data has been entered for the costcenter yet. This means that the option for changing profit centers inCO master data (and material master records) depends on whethertransactions have been posted to the CO object (for example, costcenter, order or WBS element).

In SAP Note 1057674, you will find two further conditions thatmust be fulfilled so that the error message appears:

� The new G/L must be active.� The scenario Profit Center Update (=> FIN_PCA) must be

assigned.



Solution 1: Configuration of New GeneralLedger AccountingTask:Checking and understanding basic settings:

1. Call up the activation switch for the new general ledger accounting and makesure the new general ledger has been activated.


a) Customizing: Financial Accounting→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings→ Activate New General Ledger Accounting. As your trainerhas already activated the new general ledger accounting, the checkmarkis already there - it can only be set once for each client.

2. Which transaction can you use to call up the activation switch?

a) Transaction FAGL_ACTIVATION

3. What does FAGL stand for?

a) Financial Accounting General Ledger

4. Check the Customizing settings to find out the ID of the leading ledger.


a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define Ledgers forGeneral Ledger Accounting Answer: The ID is 0L.

5. In which totals table are the values of the new general ledger accountingwritten?

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define Ledgers forGeneral Ledger Accounting Answer: The totals table is FAGLFLEXT

6. Check the �new� IMG paths to find out which fiscal year variant yourcompany code AA## uses and which field status variant is assigned to yourcompany code AA##.




Caution: In all future exercises, the two hash keys (=> ##) stand foryour two-digit group number.


a) Fiscal year variant: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Fiscal Yearand Posting Periods→ Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year VariantAnswer: Your company code AA## has fiscal year variant K4

b) Field status variant: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Fields→Assign Company Code to Field Status Variants Answer: Your companycode AA## has field status variant 1000

7. Which scenarios have already been assigned to leading ledger 0L (by yourtrainer)?

Hint: This is a also test exercise � please do not change the currentsystem configuration.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingBasic Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Assign Scenarios andCustomer Fields to Ledgers.

b) Select ledger 0L and double-click to select the Scenarios entry inthe dialog structure. At most, you may see the following (standard)scenarios - if your trainer (perhaps for training purposes) has notselected all the scenarios, you will not (of course) see the scenariosnot selected in this transaction:

� Cost center update� Preparation for consolidation� Business area� Profit center update� Segmentation� Cost of sales accounting




8. Create a new segment and enter SEG## as the description. Call the newcharacteristic Segment Group ##.

a) Customizing: Enterprise Structure → Definition → FinancialAccounting→ Define Segment

b) Create a new entry as described in the exercise.

9. Next, create a profit center with the description PC##. As a templateplease use profit center 1000 in controlling area 1000. Please maintain thefollowing data for the profit center:

Analysis Period: 01/01/1999 to 12/31/9999Name: PC Group ##Long Text: Profit Center Group ##Person Respons.: Group ##Department: TrainingHierarchy Area: H9500 (Training)Segment: Your new segment SEG## from the previous

exercise


a) One possible solution: Customizing: Enterprise Structure→ Definition→ Financial Accounting→ Define Profit Center

b) In the dialog box, choose EC-PCA: Create profit center.

c) Create a new entry using a template profit center, as described in theexercise.

10. Call cost center T-F05A## in change mode and make sure that it is assignedto your company code AA##. Replace the existing profit center with theprofit center you just created, PC##. Answer the warning / informationmessage with Yes. Save your changes.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost CenterAccounting→ Master Data→ Cost Center→ Individual Processing→ Change

11. Now create the vendor 210## in your company code AA##.

Hint: You leave the account group empty, and as the template youselect vendor 1000 in company code 1000.




Fill in all the required fields with the address data and save your data.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Payable→ Master Records→ Create

b) Create a new entry using a template, as described in the exercise.

12. Before the first posting, check whether the cost center, the profit centercharacteristic, and the segment characteristic are defined as �Optional� in thefield status group of account 417000 (=>Purchased Services) in companycode AA##.


a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Master Records→ G/L Accounts→ IndividualProcessing→ Centrally

b) Enter account 417000 and company code AA##.

c) Select Create/Bank/Interest on the tab page.

d) Double-click the entry in the entry field Field Status Group (=> G033)

e) Then double-click the group Additional Account Assignments

f) Find the appropriate account assignments in the table displayed.

Hint: You may have to �scroll� down to see the Segment field.

13. Now create a vendor invoice for the services you purchased with thefollowing data:

Company Code: AA##Vendor: 210##Invoice and Posting Date: Today's dateAmount: 4.400,� �Calculate Tax indicator: SetTax Code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)Text: 1st AC210 postingG/L Account: 417000Amount in doc. curr.: 4,400 � or simply �*�CO-relevant account assignment: Cost center T-F05A##




Simulate and save the posting document.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Payable→ Document Entry→ Invoice

b) Enter the missing data as described in the exercise text.

c) Choose the Document→ Simulate menu bar to simulate the document.

14. Now display the document. Change the layout in the entry view such thatthe cost center, profit center, and segment characteristics are displayed. Savethis layout with the name L1 for a specific user. If you want, you can alsosave your new layout as the default setting. If you do so, layout L1 will bestarted automatically whenever you call up a document.

a) One solution: Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and chooseDocument→ Display.

b) From the dropdown list for the Choose Layout pushbutton, chooseChange Layout�. Also display the three described fields /characteristics.

c) From the dropdown list for the Choose Layout pushbutton, chooseSave Layout�.

15. Now switch to the general ledger view for your document. Depending onwhich new general ledger scenarios are assigned to the leading ledger, youcan also see (in the expense item) the characteristics cost center, profit centerand segment in the general ledger view for the document.

a) Go back to the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document→ Display.

b) Choose General Ledger View

16. After you enter and analyze the vendor invoice, go back to the masterrecord for the cost center T-F05A##. Try to change the profit center storedthere - for example, back to the entry 1402.

Caution: However, this exercise only works if the scenario ProfitCenter Update (=> FIN_PCA) is assigned to the leading ledger.

After you confirm the information message, the system issues an errormessage informing you that you can no longer change the profit center (inthe standard system).




You can double-click the error message to find out why you are not allowedto make your change: �You want to change the profit center from XXXX toYYYY. This is not allowed because transaction data already exists for theaccount assignment object. In this case, inconsistencies in FI may arise ifyou change the profit center.�

Hint: Please do not try to change the error message into a warningmessage. Even though this option is described in the long text of themessage, you should not avail of it.

Note that you can change the error message. However, in AC210, allgroups should have the chance to view the error message.

Note: In exercise 10, the system does not issue the error message,and you are able to change the profit center in the master data for thecost center because no transaction data has been entered for the costcenter yet. This means that the option for changing profit centers inCO master data (and material master records) depends on whethertransactions have been posted to the CO object (for example, costcenter, order or WBS element).

In SAP Note 1057674, you will find two further conditions thatmust be fulfilled so that the error message appears:

� The new G/L must be active.� The scenario Profit Center Update (=> FIN_PCA) must be

assigned.

a) Select the cost center master data to make the change: SAP Easy Accessmenu→ Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost Center Accounting→Master Data→ Cost Center→ Individual Processing→ Change



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Activate the new general ledger� ... Describe the importance of scenarios� ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger view� ... Define and derive segments� ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement


them


Unit Summary AC210

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Activate the new general ledger� ... Describe the importance of scenarios� ... Differentiate between the entry view and the general ledger view� ... Define and derive segments� ... Be familiar with the business functions provided by enhancement


them


Unit 3Document Splitting

Unit OverviewAn important new function of the new G/L is document splitting. It enables abalance sheet on one or more characteristics below the company code level. Thestandard SAP characteristics which can be used for this are the profit center,the business area, and/or the segment. Balance sheets for customer-specificcharacteristics are also possible.

The system enables you to define/configure how �exact� your characteristicbalance sheets should be. The most exact option is a �complete balance sheet�for one characteristic or for several characteristics. �Complete balance sheet�means that the system does not permit FI postings that are not cleared at thecharacteristic level.

Hint: In this way, document splitting provides you with the opportunity toimprove your FI data significantly compared to the classic G/L.

Document splitting offers optimum support in the system for the internationallyincreasingly important topic of �segment reporting�

Possible negative aspects of document splitting are the relatively complex systemconfiguration required and the changes to process flows that may be required incertain cases.


� ... Explain the motivation and theory behind document splitting� ... Understand and explain the basic Customizing of document splitting� ... Enter and explain example postings with document splitting

Unit ContentsLesson: Document Splitting ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Exercise 2: Document Splitting - Activation and Tests .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59


Unit 3: Document Splitting AC210

Lesson: Document Splitting

Lesson Overview� Motivation for document splitting� Defining document splitting characteristics� Activating the document splitting� Steps involved in document splitting� The logic of (standard) splitting rules� The passive split� Inheriting and using constants in document splitting� Example postings with document splitting� Support (=> wizards) in the document splitting configuration


� ... Explain the motivation and theory behind document splitting� ... Understand and explain the basic Customizing of document splitting� ... Enter and explain example postings with document splitting

Business ExamplePerhaps in view of international requirements relating to segment reporting, youwant to improve the quality of your data on level(s) below the company code.However, this should not generally alter the working methods in the businessdepartments.


AC210 Lesson: Document Splitting

Figure 21: Document Splitting � Motivation

The system requirements can be even �simpler� � there do not necessarily haveto be different segment assignments in the expense lines. The first tasks indocument splitting are that in a singular account assignment posting, the liabilityand tax items (also in the general ledger view) are given the �segment accountassignment� of the expenses item. Only then can a clean / complete segmentbalance statement be created.



Figure 22: Assumptions for Document Splitting

In the figure, a tax rate of 10% is assumed.

Figure 23: Steps Involved in Document Splitting (+ Note)



In �clearing situations�, the result of passive document splitting is that therelationship of the account assignments in the clearing document (=> forexample, a payment document) is identical to the relationship of the accountassignments in the reference document (for example, in an invoice document).

The logic behind the splitting rules of the active document splitting is explainedin the following pages / figures.

Clearing lines are always formed when values have to be reposted betweendifferent account assignment objects, for example: Transfer posting from profitcenter A to profit center B. The clearing lines ensure that not only the documentitself is cleared, but also the additional dimensions / characteristics (=> forexample, business area, segment, or profit center).

Hint: Between process steps two and three, document splitting is�supported� by two things:

� Inheritance� Default account assignment

Caution: The system always processes document splitting in thesequence shown on the slide.

Hint: SAP Note 1085921 describes document splitting in detail andcontains various PDF attachments with examples.

Figure 24: Document Splitting Characteristics (for FI)



You can define the splitting characteristics in Customizing as follows:Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Define Document SplittingCharacteristics for General Ledger Accounting

The system proposes logical document splitting characteristics based on theassigned scenarios. If you elect to use additional splitting characteristics, youshould / must manage these characteristics in at least one ledger.

Hint: Always set the zero balance indicator if you want to create a(complete) financial statement for the characteristic. The balance of theentities thus indicated is then always zero for each posting. To create a(complete) financial statement for a characteristic, aside from the zerobalance indicator, you also (always) require the Required entry fieldindicator.

Caution: Therefore, either both indicators are set or both are notset, depending on the requirements or purpose you have in mind for acharacteristic.

The Required entry field indicator has two meanings:

� Firstly, it is an extension of the field status for accounts in which thecharacteristics cannot be �entered� during document entry, and for accountsthat cannot be controlled using the field status. Example: Vendor linesshould always include the profit center or segment characteristic. If theindicator is set there can be no posting line without the correspondingcharacteristic (in the general ledger view).

� Secondly, it is a (technical) check as to whether a business process-equivalentbusiness transaction variant was used (which determines whether a splittingrule can be found).



Figure 25: Activating Document Splitting

Document splitting is activated in Customizing for the new general ledgeraccounting: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ ActivateDocument Splitting

The standard splitting method 0000000012 is the one supplied and recommendedby SAP.

It is highly recommended to activate the inheritance, as this supports you inposting simple documents with active splitting, without any other Customizingactivities.

Caution: However, a condition for activated inheritance is the completeand precise maintenance of the SAP master data you are using. If you donot perform this, the inheritance can create incorrect characteristic accountassignments in your postings. This is explained in more detail later.

To use a default account assignment, you must first create / define a constant:Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting(New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Edit Constants forNonassigned Processes. This is explained in more detail later.



Figure 26: Rule-Based Document Splitting

The entities defined as document splitting characteristics are projected / split /transferred into non-account-assigned posting lines.

As you can see on the slide, the balance of the selected characteristics is zero.

In this example of active document splitting, the vendor and tax lines (=> items 1and 4) in the general ledger view are split according to the expense lines / baseitem category expense (=> items 2 and 3; expense accounts 477000 and 417000).



Figure 27: Simulating the General Ledger View

As of the SAP ERP 6.0 solution, you can simulate not only the entry view butalso the general ledger view before posting.

In this way, you can analyze earlier and more precisely any error that would leadto a termination (=> error message) of the posting.

You can then use the expert mode to view the detailed data of document splitting -see one of the following figures.



Figure 28: Active Document Splitting - Splitting Logic

Briefly, a splitting procedure is the total of all splitting rules. Thus, the splittingprocedure uses the splitting rules to define how an (FI) document is to be split.More precisely, this means that each splitting procedure or rule defines how theindividual items categories should / may be dealt with in the individual businesstransactions.

A business transaction is a general breakdown of an actual business process thatSAP provides, and that is assigned a wide variety of item categories. Separate /customer-specific business transactions cannot be defined.

A business transaction variant is a specific version of the predefined businesstransaction provided by SAP and the (technical) mapping of a real businessprocess for document splitting. Separate business transaction variants can (andperhaps must) be defined.

An item category is a (technical) mapping of the posted line items. It describesthe items that can / may appear within a document (of a business transaction).Some of them are derived from the balance types of the G/L accounts, butotherwise the must be defined (manually for each account). Definition: The itemcategory is the semantic description of a posting line for the document split.

An individual splitting rule defines which item categories can / should besplit (=> item categories to be processed) and at the same time defines whichfoundation (=> base) can be used (=> base item categories).



Figure 29: Document Splitting � Splitting Rule Detail View

The view shown above is displayed when you click the printer icon for an explicitsplitting rule: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ ExtendedDocument Splitting→ Define Splitting Rule

You can also call the splitting rules (directly) with transaction GSP_RD.



Figure 30: Document Simulation � Expert Mode I

Figure 31: Document Simulation � Expert Mode II



Figure 32: Passive Document Splitting - Follow-Up Process 1

For more information about cash discount received lines, see the Integration unit,topic Online Distribution of Follow-Up Costs.

Figure 33: Passive Document Splitting - Follow-Up Process 2

In the vendor line item display, the payment document and original invoicedocument appear (after the payment) as cleared items, as in prior releases.

The splitting rules for a payment of a vendor invoice are provided in the standardSAP system.



Caution: If we assume that the invoice is not paid in full and, forexample, a residual item of EUR 2,000 remains, this would create a newvendor line item, and in the general ledger view of this document, thevendor amount would, in turn, be split (passively) in accordance with theoriginal account assignment relationship of the invoice.

Figure 34: Document Splitting - Inheritance - A Simple Example

The Inheritance indicator ensures that, if the relevant account assignment objectsare unique, they are �inherited� to the cash desk and tax items - even if, or because,they are without a corresponding splitting rule.

Thus the Inheritance indicator ensures a zero balance position for entities selectedfor splitting, if there is unique characteristic account assignment, without requiringyou to define any other system settings.



Figure 35: Document Splitting - Zero Balance Creation

Possible reason for reposting: A vendor invoice was assigned to an incorrectsegment and paid with this incorrect segment. If desired, both the expense and thevendor item obviously need to be corrected (manually).

Hint: Zero balance creation is useful and necessary if you want tocreate a complete balance sheet for the relevant characteristic - meaninggenerally that you have also set the Required entry field indicator for thischaracteristic.



Figure 36: Document Splitting � Modeling

What are the reasons for the error message when you attempt to post?

� No relevant base item category is defined for the item category cash account(or the item category value-added tax) in the corresponding �businesstransaction / business transaction variant combination� that is assigned to therespective document type (=> in this example, the document type SA).

� The characteristic segment (or the characteristic profit center) cannot beinherited because the account assignments are not unique.

Caution: However, if posting would only be successful if an existingsplitting rule were modified or a completely new rule defined, then aseparate / new splitting method should always be created first, in whichthe changes can then be made - see the next figure.

Note: * Even though you are using the transaction G/L Account Posting(=> transaction code FB50, a payment process is actually carried out. Inthis case, assigning the payment business transaction should make thedocument postable.



Figure 37: Creating a Customer-Specific Splitting Method

Define splitting method: In Customizing for document splitting→ ExtendedDocument Splitting→ Define Splitting Method

Copy standard splitting rules to the new splitting method: In Customizing fordocument splitting Extended Document Splitting→ Define Splitting Rule

Assign the new splitting method: In Customizing for document splitting ExtendedDocument Splitting→ Assign Splitting Method



Figure 38: Wizards in Combination with Document Splitting

The (first)Wizard Configure Document Splitting contains the following steps:

1. Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting2. Classify Document Types for Document Splitting3. Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting4. Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account5. Define Document Splitting Characteristics for Controlling6. Define Post-Capitalization of Cash Discount to Assets7. Edit Constants for Non-Assigned Processes8. Activate Document Splitting9. Check Customizing

The (first) Wizard can (also) be started (directly) with transaction codeFAGL_WZ_SPLIT_CONF.

The (second) Wizard Create Document Splitting Rule is explained in detail in thefollowing figure.

Hint: However, detailed (and lengthy) knowledge acquisition on thetopic of document splitting is absolutely necessary in spite of theWizard.



Figure 39: Creating the Modeling of a Document Splitting Rule with theWizard Document Splitting Rule

This Wizard can be started (directly) with transaction codeFAGL_WZ_NEW_RULE.

You will find steps 3 and 4 in the Wizard under the process step Define documentsplitting rule.

* Legend for figure:

� BT/BTV combination = business transaction / business transaction variantcombination

� 0000/0001 = unspecified posting / standard� 1000/0001 = payment / standard� Item category: 04000: cash account� Item category: 05100: value-added tax� Item category: 20000: expense� RFC = remote function call

Caution: The Wizard is only a support tool for modeling (unavoidable)new business transaction variants or document splitting rules or rules. Itdoes not relieve you of the responsibility of testing your new rule andchecking whether other processes in your company might be (negatively)affected by the new rule.

Example: When you assign a new rule to an existing document type, youmust test all processes that are entered with this document type.



Exercise 2: Document Splitting -Activation and Tests

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Understand and configure document splits. You will also be able to enter

and analyze split documents.

Business ExamplePerhaps in view of international requirements relating to segment reporting, youwant to improve the quality of your data on level(s) below the company code.However, this should not generally alter the working methods in the businessdepartments.

Task 1:Perform the following exercises to gain an understanding of the logic of documentsplitting:

1. Check that at least the segment characteristic is defined as a �documentsplitting characteristic of the G/L accounting�. The Zero balance andRequired entry field indicators must be set for the segment.

If this is not the case, please inform your instructor.

Hint: This is a test exercise � please do not change the systemconfiguration.

2. When should you definitely set the Zero balance and Required entry fieldindicators for a (or several) document splitting characteristic(s) in G/Laccounting selected by you?

3. Activate the document splitting for your company code AA##. You canactivate this for each company code.

Hint: If document splitting is activated, all company codes (thisis a client-wide setting) use the document splitting method0000000012 (=> splitting: like 0000000002 [follow-up costsonline]) (already set in the training system by the instructor).

Also ensure that inheritance is activated (=> also a client-wide definition).

You do not need to set the standard account assignment using a constant (yet).




4. Now enter a vendor invoice for spare parts you have purchased, with thefollowing data:

Company Code: AA##Vendor: 210##Invoice and Posting Date: Today's dateAmount: � 2,200Calculate tax indicator: SetTax Code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)Text: Purchase of Spare Parts Group ##G/L Account: 404000Amount in doc. curr.: 2,200 or simply �*�CO-relevant account assignment: Cost center T-F05A##

Before you save, simulate your document: First with the classic simulationoption: You can see the (subsequent) entry view for the FI document.

Then simulate the General Ledger view: Possibly the characteristic profitcenter but definitely the characteristic segment must be visible in all thedocument lines.

Navigate from the general ledger simulation to the expert mode and findthe following parameters and information there:

� Document type used� Business transaction used� Business transaction variant used� Item category of the expense item / base item� Based on which posting items is the payables account split (=> account160000)?

Leave the expert mode and the general ledger simulation and save / postyour document.




5. Display the document. In the data entry view, you can see that the systemhas derived your segment SEG##. Now switch to the general ledger view:The Segment characteristic should now be visible in the payables and taxlines.

Hint: If your instructor (also) defined the characteristic profit center(and / or business area) as a document splitting characteristic, theseentities are also set for the payables and tax lines.

6. Your previously entered FI document had as many posting lines in thegeneral ledger view as in the entry view. The document splitting did nothave to create any additional posting lines. You will now create them whenyou perform the following exercises.

An additional spare parts invoice for vendor 210## is entered (in one ofthe following tasks). In contrast to the previous exercise, you want to assignsome of the spare parts to your segment SEG## and the rest to segmentSEGA.

To make sure that the second part of the posting amount is really assigned tosegment SEGA, check the settings for cost center T-F05B## before you post:Which profit center is defined in cost center T-F05B##?

7. Which segment is defined in profit center 1402?

8. The spare parts invoice should be for a total of � 10,000 net. Split thecosts for the spare parts however you like.Assign one part to cost centerT-F05A## and the other to cost center T-F05B##.

You can use account 404000 or 400000 as the expense account again. Pleasetake the date entries and tax parameters from the first vendor invoice youcreated in this part of the exercise.

Before you save, you can simulate the document again. Then post yourdocument.

9. Display this document too. In the Data Entry View, you can alreadysee that the expense has been split � in accordance with the amounts youspecified in the posting. Now switch to the General Ledger View: Youshould now see 6 line items instead of the 4 posting line items.

10. To see whether a zero balance has been reached for each segment, changethe layout of the document accordingly: Sort by segment and calculatea subtotal for the Segment column.

11. You can / should save this layout (again) as user-specific layout L2.

12. In order to check that the document really is split in the G/L only and not inthe subledgers, call up a vendor line item list for your vendor 210##.




There should be three open items. If you have been working with a tax rateof 10 percent, you can see the last document entered as one open item ofEUR 11,000. You cannot tell that it has been split into segments until youdisplay the document from the list of open items.

Task 2:Optional Tasks / Exercises: Wizard for creating document splitting rules (=>EhP4)

Caution: You can only start this task when all the exercise groups in thecourse have completed the previous task.

1. If you're not sure whether your instructor has temporarily (=> for thisexercise block) deactivated the Zero balance and Required entry fieldindicators in the document splitting Customizing, please check this.

Hint: If the two indicators are still set for one of the characteristics,please inform the instructor. He / she will temporarily deactivatethe indicators.

2. Next please check whether an alternative, customer-defined documentsplitting method has already been assigned - for example, ZAC210 orZ000000012 or, or ...

Hint: If a standard document splitting method is still assigned, forexample 0000000012, please inform your instructor. He / she willthen assign an alternative document splitting method.

3. Create a customer 210## in your company code AA##. You can usecustomer 1000 in company code 1000 as a template. Do not modify theinput field Account Group.

Fill in all the required-entry fields for the address data (=> for example,transportation zone 0000000001) and save your data.

4. Now enter a (customer) down payment of � 11,000 (=> gross, at 10%tax) made by your new customer 210##. However, the down paymentmust / should be split among multiple profit centers as multiple subareas(=> profit centers) of your company will be participating in fulfilling thecustomer requirements later on.

Use the following data for the down payment:




Posting and Document Date Current dateDoc. type DZCustomer: Account Customer 210##Special G/L indicator ABank: Account 113109Amount � 11,000Press EnterItem 2: Amount � 2,200Tax ID 1OIndicator Calculate tax SetDue on Today's date + 2 weeksProfit center 1000Choose New itemItem 3: Amount * (or � 8,800)Tax ID 1OIndicator Calculate tax SetDue on Today's date + 2 weeksProfit center 1402

When you now simulate the document (=> menu bar Document→Simulate) and then also simulate the general ledger view (=> menu barDocument→ Simulate General Ledger) you will see that the tax and taxcalculation lines are split in the ratio 1:4, but not the bank line.

Hint: Now comes the difficult bit: You have to find out why thedocument is not split correctly in the general ledger with thestandard document splitting rule Payment (=> business transaction1000 / business transaction variant 0001).

Therefore, navigate from the general ledger simulation to the expert mode(=> Expert mode pushbutton). In the bottom half you can open up thedocument display and view important parameters and properties of theprocessed document splitting.




After analyzing the expert mode for a while, you will see that the bank lineseems to have been split, but in accordance with the wrong base lines. Fromwhich posting lines alone can the correct splitting relationship be derived -or in other words, which posting lines would be the correct base lines?[=> Answer: see solution b)]

And which item categories does this account have? [=> Answer: seesolution c)]

Save the document (regardless) and write down the document number:

________________

Caution: If you want to call up / view the expert mode of thegeneral ledger view again for a document already posted, you cando so with transaction FAGL_MIG_SIM_SPL.

5. We know from the previous exercise that the down payment should besplit correctly if the bank account would be split on the basis of the downpayments in the standard business transaction down payment. You can see inthe general ledger view of the down payment document that this does notseem to be the case. Now check this statement again in the rule definitionin Customizing.

6. To be able to create a new document splitting rule with the Wizard thatwould solve the down payment problem, a few preliminary tasks must becarried out. For example, you need a new document type with the ID A?.

Caution: The question mark is only a placeholder and you shouldreplace it with the entry relevant for your group - see below:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10Letter C D E G C I J K L M

Group 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter O Q R D D U V I

Hint: Example: If you were group 07, you would create thedocument type AJ.

The new document type A? is created using the document type DZ as atemplate and should have the name Down payment group ##. All otherparameters should be transferred from the template (for simplificationpurposes).




7. Now you create for the (customer) down payment a new document splittingrule using the Wizard Create document splitting rule.

Please use the following data when navigating through the Wizard:

Wizard step Create BusinessTransaction Variant :Business Transaction 1000(New) Transaction Variant Z0##Description BT-V ##

Note: The assigned item categories (=> Wizard step Edit AssignedItem Categories) should / can be taken over without any changes

Wizard step Copy DocumentSplitting Rule :Business Transaction 1000 (=> payment)Transaction Variant 0001 (=> standard)

Wizard step Define Document Splitting Rule : Open the item categorycash account and click, for example, on the existing (base) item categorybalance sheet account.

On the new screen, you now create the new required base item category02100 (=> customer special G/L transaction). This should not be �splitautomatically�. Go back to the actual Wizard process and save.

Wizard step Assign Document Type:Doc. type The new document type A?

Now the new rule should be working, and it can be tested within the Wizard:Wizard step Simulate rule:




Doc. Number FI document number of thesplit down payment that youpreviously posted and made anote of.

Company Code AA##Fiscal Year Current fiscal yearDocument Source LocalSimulate pushbutton Execute: The expert mode appears.

Result: In the expert mode, the bank line should now also be split in theratio 1:4 (=> ratio of the profit centers / segments).

Hint: As you would typically first configure the new rule in a testsystem first and not in the production system right away, you couldfor example also use an RFC destination to test from the test systemdocuments already entered in the production system or you havecreated an incomplete document in the test system and now want tocheck the (new) rule in the production system again before using it.

However, the �RFC link approach� is only one option. In a �3system landscape� (=> with development, quality assurance, andproduction systems), you would probably test everything in full inthe Q system.

Now check the document and then complete the new rule and leave theWizard.

8. Now check whether your new document type A? has also been assignedthe new business transaction and the new BT variant (=> 1000/Z0##) inCustomizing.

9. And in the overview of all the splitting rules, can you find your new businesstransaction with your new variant Z0##?

10. At the end of this task you can now enter and simulate the customer downpayment as described in exercise step 4. Of course, remember that you nowalso have to work with the new document type A? The document must /should now be (immediately) split correctly.



Solution 2: Document Splitting - Activationand TestsTask 1:Perform the following exercises to gain an understanding of the logic of documentsplitting:

1. Check that at least the segment characteristic is defined as a �documentsplitting characteristic of the G/L accounting�. The Zero balance andRequired entry field indicators must be set for the segment.

If this is not the case, please inform your instructor.


a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General LedgerAccounting

2. When should you definitely set the Zero balance and Required entry fieldindicators for a (or several) document splitting characteristic(s) in G/Laccounting selected by you?

a) You have to set these indicators whenever the characteristic involvedis an independent accounting entity. Setting the �Zero balance�indicator ensures that the characteristic will have a zero balance inevery document.

Specifically: If the zero balance indicator is set, the system checkswhether the balance of the characteristic is zero during posting. If thisis not the case, the system generates additional clearing lines in thedocument to achieve the zero balance.

When the required entry field indicator is set, the system also checkswhether all the lines in the posting have / are assigned the relevantcharacteristic after the splitting.

Specifically: If the required entry field indicator is set, there can beno posting line without the selected characteristic in the general ledgerview.




3. Activate the document splitting for your company code AA##. You canactivate this for each company code.

Hint: If document splitting is activated, all company codes (thisis a client-wide setting) use the document splitting method0000000012 (=> splitting: like 0000000002 [follow-up costsonline]) (already set in the training system by the instructor).

Also ensure that inheritance is activated (=> also a client-wide definition).

You do not need to set the standard account assignment using a constant (yet).

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Activate Document Splitting

b) On the first screen, you should not need to change any entries. In thedialog structure, choose Deactivation per Company Code. Find the linefor your company code AA## and deselect the Inactive indicator.

4. Now enter a vendor invoice for spare parts you have purchased, with thefollowing data:

Company Code: AA##Vendor: 210##Invoice and Posting Date: Today's dateAmount: � 2,200Calculate tax indicator: SetTax Code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)Text: Purchase of Spare Parts Group ##G/L Account: 404000Amount in doc. curr.: 2,200 or simply �*�CO-relevant account assignment: Cost center T-F05A##

Before you save, simulate your document: First with the classic simulationoption: You can see the (subsequent) entry view for the FI document.

Then simulate the General Ledger view: Possibly the characteristic profitcenter but definitely the characteristic segment must be visible in all thedocument lines.

Navigate from the general ledger simulation to the expert mode and findthe following parameters and information there:




� Document type used� Business transaction used� Business transaction variant used� Item category of the expense item / base item� Based on which posting items is the payables account split (=> account160000)?

Leave the expert mode and the general ledger simulation and save / postyour document.


Enter the data as explained in the exercise.

b) Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document→Simulate.

c) Go back from the classic simulation to the previous screen (=> chooseF3), confirm the dialog box that is displayed and follow the menu pathDocument→ Simulate General Ledger

d) On the Simulate General Ledger screen, choose Expert Mode and youwill find the following parameters and information there:

� Document type used: KR� Business transaction used: 0300� Business transaction variant used: 0001� Item category of the expense item / base item: 20000� Based on which posting items is the payables account split (=>account 160000)? Answer: Splitting is carried out according tothe base items 0000000001 and 0000000002.




5. Display the document. In the data entry view, you can see that the systemhas derived your segment SEG##. Now switch to the general ledger view:The Segment characteristic should now be visible in the payables and taxlines.

Hint: If your instructor (also) defined the characteristic profit center(and / or business area) as a document splitting characteristic, theseentities are also set for the payables and tax lines.

a) Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document→Display.

6. Your previously entered FI document had as many posting lines in thegeneral ledger view as in the entry view. The document splitting did nothave to create any additional posting lines. You will now create them whenyou perform the following exercises.

An additional spare parts invoice for vendor 210## is entered (in one ofthe following tasks). In contrast to the previous exercise, you want to assignsome of the spare parts to your segment SEG## and the rest to segmentSEGA.

To make sure that the second part of the posting amount is really assigned tosegment SEGA, check the settings for cost center T-F05B## before you post:Which profit center is defined in cost center T-F05B##?

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost CenterAccounting→ Master Data→ Cost Center→ Individual Processing→ Display

Answer: Profit center 1402 is defined.

7. Which segment is defined in profit center 1402?

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Controlling→ Profit CenterAccounting→ Master Data→ Profit Center→ Individual Processing→ Display

Enter profit center 1402 and display the master data. The input fieldSegment appears in the logical field group Basic Data.

Answer: Profit center 1402 has defined segment SEGA.

Note: Your instructor performed the correspondingmaintenance of profit center master data before the course.

8. The spare parts invoice should be for a total of � 10,000 net. Split thecosts for the spare parts however you like.Assign one part to cost centerT-F05A## and the other to cost center T-F05B##.




You can use account 404000 or 400000 as the expense account again. Pleasetake the date entries and tax parameters from the first vendor invoice youcreated in this part of the exercise.

Before you save, you can simulate the document again. Then post yourdocument.


Enter the data as explained in the exercise.

9. Display this document too. In the Data Entry View, you can alreadysee that the expense has been split � in accordance with the amounts youspecified in the posting. Now switch to the General Ledger View: Youshould now see 6 line items instead of the 4 posting line items.

a) Stay on the Enter Vendor Invoice screen and choose Document→Display.

b) Use the General Ledger View button to switch to same.

10. To see whether a zero balance has been reached for each segment, changethe layout of the document accordingly: Sort by segment and calculatea subtotal for the Segment column.

a) In the displayed document, select the Segment column and choose Sortin Ascending Order. Select the Amount column and then choose Total.Select the Segment column again and choose Subtotal.

11. You can / should save this layout (again) as user-specific layout L2.

a) From the dropdown list for the Choose Layout pushbutton, chooseSave Layout.

12. In order to check that the document really is split in the G/L only and not inthe subledgers, call up a vendor line item list for your vendor 210##.

There should be three open items. If you have been working with a tax rateof 10 percent, you can see the last document entered as one open item ofEUR 11,000. You cannot tell that it has been split into segments until youdisplay the document from the list of open items.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Payable→ Account→ Display/Change Line Items

b) Enter vendor 210## and company code AA## then start the selection ofyour open items, open as of today.

c) Double-click the document number displayed.

d) Choose Goto→ Document Overview.




Task 2:Optional Tasks / Exercises: Wizard for creating document splitting rules (=>EhP4)

Caution: You can only start this task when all the exercise groups in thecourse have completed the previous task.

1. If you're not sure whether your instructor has temporarily (=> for thisexercise block) deactivated the Zero balance and Required entry fieldindicators in the document splitting Customizing, please check this.

Hint: If the two indicators are still set for one of the characteristics,please inform the instructor. He / she will temporarily deactivatethe indicators.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General LedgerAccounting

2. Next please check whether an alternative, customer-defined documentsplitting method has already been assigned - for example, ZAC210 orZ000000012 or, or ...

Hint: If a standard document splitting method is still assigned, forexample 0000000012, please inform your instructor. He / she willthen assign an alternative document splitting method.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Extended Document Splitting→ Assign Document Splitting Method

3. Create a customer 210## in your company code AA##. You can usecustomer 1000 in company code 1000 as a template. Do not modify theinput field Account Group.


a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Master Records→ Create




4. Now enter a (customer) down payment of � 11,000 (=> gross, at 10%tax) made by your new customer 210##. However, the down paymentmust / should be split among multiple profit centers as multiple subareas(=> profit centers) of your company will be participating in fulfilling thecustomer requirements later on.

Use the following data for the down payment:

Posting and Document Date Current dateDoc. type DZCustomer: Account Customer 210##Special G/L indicator ABank: Account 113109Amount � 11,000Press EnterItem 2: Amount � 2,200Tax ID 1OIndicator Calculate tax SetDue on Today's date + 2 weeksProfit center 1000Choose New itemItem 3: Amount * (or � 8,800)Tax ID 1OIndicator Calculate tax SetDue on Today's date + 2 weeksProfit center 1402

When you now simulate the document (=> menu bar Document→Simulate) and then also simulate the general ledger view (=> menu barDocument→ Simulate General Ledger) you will see that the tax and taxcalculation lines are split in the ratio 1:4, but not the bank line.

Hint: Now comes the difficult bit: You have to find out why thedocument is not split correctly in the general ledger with thestandard document splitting rule Payment (=> business transaction1000 / business transaction variant 0001).




Therefore, navigate from the general ledger simulation to the expert mode(=> Expert mode pushbutton). In the bottom half you can open up thedocument display and view important parameters and properties of theprocessed document splitting.

After analyzing the expert mode for a while, you will see that the bank lineseems to have been split, but in accordance with the wrong base lines. Fromwhich posting lines alone can the correct splitting relationship be derived -or in other words, which posting lines would be the correct base lines?[=> Answer: see solution b)]

And which item categories does this account have? [=> Answer: seesolution c)]

Save the document (regardless) and write down the document number:

________________

Caution: If you want to call up / view the expert mode of thegeneral ledger view again for a document already posted, you cando so with transaction FAGL_MIG_SIM_SPL.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Document Entry→ Down Payment→ DownPayment

Fill in the posting screen with the data from the exercise text, thensimulate as explained in the exercise text.

b) The correct basis lines to get the correct ratio for the splitting of the banklines would be the two down payment lines, that is account 170000.

c) In the expert view you can see that account 170000 has item category02100 (=> customer special G/L transaction)

5. We know from the previous exercise that the down payment should besplit correctly if the bank account would be split on the basis of the downpayments in the standard business transaction down payment. You can see in




the general ledger view of the down payment document that this does notseem to be the case. Now check this statement again in the rule definitionin Customizing.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Extended Document Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Rules

For the current splitting method, search for business transaction 1000(=> payment) with the variant 0001 (=> standard)

b) Select the item category to be edited 0400 (=> cash account) and displaythe base item categories possible (in the standard system). Result:Base item category 02100 (=> customer special G/L transaction) isnot displayed.

6. To be able to create a new document splitting rule with the Wizard thatwould solve the down payment problem, a few preliminary tasks must becarried out. For example, you need a new document type with the ID A?.


Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10Letter C D E G C I J K L M

Group 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter O Q R D D U V I

Hint: Example: If you were group 07, you would create thedocument type AJ.




The new document type A? is created using the document type DZ as atemplate and should have the name Down payment group ##. All otherparameters should be transferred from the template (for simplificationpurposes).

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→ DefineDocument Types for Entry View, or the quickest way to the documenttype maintenance is transaction code FBKP.

b) First select the template document type, then choose menu option Edit→ Copy as...

Now enter the name of the new document type, confirm with Enter, andsave. Now you can change the text and save again.

7. Now you create for the (customer) down payment a new document splittingrule using the Wizard Create document splitting rule.

Please use the following data when navigating through the Wizard:

Wizard step Create BusinessTransaction Variant :Business Transaction 1000(New) Transaction Variant Z0##Description BT-V ##

Note: The assigned item categories (=> Wizard step Edit AssignedItem Categories) should / can be taken over without any changes

Wizard step Copy DocumentSplitting Rule :Business Transaction 1000 (=> payment)Transaction Variant 0001 (=> standard)

Wizard step Define Document Splitting Rule : Open the item categorycash account and click, for example, on the existing (base) item categorybalance sheet account.

On the new screen, you now create the new required base item category02100 (=> customer special G/L transaction). This should not be �splitautomatically�. Go back to the actual Wizard process and save.




Wizard step Assign Document Type:Doc. type The new document type A?

Now the new rule should be working, and it can be tested within the Wizard:Wizard step Simulate rule:

Doc. Number FI document number of thesplit down payment that youpreviously posted and made anote of.

Company Code AA##Fiscal Year Current fiscal yearDocument Source LocalSimulate pushbutton Execute: The expert mode appears.

Result: In the expert mode, the bank line should now also be split in theratio 1:4 (=> ratio of the profit centers / segments).

Hint: As you would typically first configure the new rule in a testsystem first and not in the production system right away, you couldfor example also use an RFC destination to test from the test systemdocuments already entered in the production system or you havecreated an incomplete document in the test system and now want tocheck the (new) rule in the production system again before using it.

However, the �RFC link approach� is only one option. In a �3system landscape� (=> with development, quality assurance, andproduction systems), you would probably test everything in full inthe Q system.

Now check the document and then complete the new rule and leave theWizard.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Wizards for Document Splitting→ Wizard: Create Document SplittingRule

b) Perform the steps as described in the exercise text.




8. Now check whether your new document type A? has also been assignedthe new business transaction and the new BT variant (=> 1000/Z0##) inCustomizing.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Classify Document Types for Document Splitting.

9. And in the overview of all the splitting rules, can you find your new businesstransaction with your new variant Z0##?

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Extended Document Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Rule

10. At the end of this task you can now enter and simulate the customer downpayment as described in exercise step 4. Of course, remember that you nowalso have to work with the new document type A? The document must /should now be (immediately) split correctly.

a) See the solution from exercise step 4.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Explain the motivation and theory behind document splitting� ... Understand and explain the basic Customizing of document splitting� ... Enter and explain example postings with document splitting


Unit Summary AC210

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Explain the motivation and theory behind document splitting� ... Understand and explain the basic Customizing of document splitting� ... Enter and explain example postings with document splitting


Unit 4Integration and other related issues...

Unit Overview


� ... Enter postings in accounts payable, accounts receivable, and assetaccounting

� ... Perform post-capitalization of cash discounts for assets in real-time,thanks to document splitting

� ... Understand how follow-up costs can be distributed in CO online anddecide whether this method would be good for your company

� ... Configure and use the real-time integration of Controlling with FinancialAccounting, and understand its meaning

� ... Understand the meaning of a third period interval within the FI postingperiod maintenance

� ... Recognize that applications related to FI are also �linked� with newgeneral ledger accounting.

� ... Perform allocations in FI� ... Understand you must make a decision about �where� profit center

accounting is supposed to be mapped� ... Describe various planning options� ... Understand the integrated planning of the new G/L with CO

Unit ContentsLesson: Integration with FI Subledgers .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Exercise 3: Post-Capitalization of Cash Discount to Assets... . . . . . . . . 89Lesson: Integration of the New G/L Accounting with Controlling .. . . . . . . .101

Exercise 4: Real-Time Integration CO -> FI .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Lesson: Integration with Materials Management .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119Lesson: (Actual) Allocations (in FI) and the Subject of �Mapping ProfitCenter Accounting� .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123


Unit 4: Integration and other related issues... AC210

Exercise 5: (Actual) Allocation of Profit Centers in New General LedgerAccounting... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Lesson: Planning / Planning Options.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152Exercise 6: Planning .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163


AC210 Lesson: Integration with FI Subledgers

Lesson: Integration with FI Subledgers

Lesson OverviewIn the Document Splitting unit, several examples were shown with G/L accountpostings and / or vendor invoices. Now we want to have a closer look at theaccounts receivable accounting and in particular the asset accounting.


� ... Enter postings in accounts payable, accounts receivable, and assetaccounting

� ... Perform post-capitalization of cash discounts for assets in real-time,thanks to document splitting

Business ExampleThe vast majority of companies that use SAP to map their general ledgeraccounting also use SAP software for the other FI subledgers. So now we want tofind out whether there are any special considerations when using the new generalledger and integrating the FI subledgers.

Figure 40: New G/L � Integration/Document Splitting with FI-AR



Figure 41: New General Ledger Accounting � Integration with FI-AA (1)

Business embedding: The aim defined by many companies is to mapcharacteristic balance sheets (for example, balance sheets for business areas, profitcenters and / or segments) while also taking asset transactions into account.

The system configuration on the slide displays a typical asset accounting control(=> component FI-AA) if the relevant company does not have to follow any otheraccounting principles apart from book depreciation.

� Area 01: Posts values to general ledger in real time� Area 20: Only posts depreciation

The new entities in the general ledger in SAP ERP, such as the segment or theprofit center cannot be defined directly in the asset master record yet. Therefore,the system usually derives the profit center and the segment from a cost center oran order, both of which can be defined in the asset master data.

The account assignment types are defined in Customizing for asset accounting:Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Asset Accounting→ Integrationwith the General Ledger→ Additional Account Assignment Objects→ SpecifyAccount Assignment Types for Account Assignment Objects

You can only maintain account assignment types for active account assignmentobjects. See also SAP Note 684659.



Figure 42: New General Ledger Accounting � Integration with FI-AA (2)

Additional information for figure:

� Document splitting also works during an acquisition posting with severalassets (and different account assignments).

� The asset reconciliation accounts (=> existing customers and valueadjustment customers) are already classified internally as asset itemcategories.

� The item categories for the fixed asset retirement accounts may still have tobe defined.

With the FI drilldown reports for the new G/L, a segment or profit center orbusiness area balance sheet can be created immediately (=> Tcode FGI0).

Note: As a result, you no longer have to (periodically) �transfer assets toProfit Center Accounting� (Tcode 1KEI) for profit center balance sheets.

The cost center for the asset master record is not displayed in the entry view or thegeneral ledger view in the standard system, because the position value is usuallynot passed on to a CO account assignment object.

If this is not what you want, but you still want to post the asset values to a costcenter (in CO), please see SAP Note 395762.



Figure 43: Post-Capitalization of Cash Discount to Asset (1)

Of course, the above example with �gross entry� of the invoice document (=>capitalizing the asset without deducting the cash discount by using a grossdocument type) and the subsequent payment with deduction of cash discount canalso take place in the reverse order in practice: Capitalization of the asset withdeduction for cash discount (=> automatic when using a net document type) and(delayed) payment of the invoice amount without deduction for cash discount.

System Behavior in the Classic G/L Accounting

� In the reverse case shown as well, up to and including release R/3 4.7, theasset value is only corrected in a second step, with the program SAPF181.

� An account assignment of the profit center characteristic was not possibleduring payment (=> Step 1 in the figure) in classic general ledger accounting.

� If there was a unique account assignment in the asset invoice, the businessarea characteristic was transferred to the payment, at least to the bank, cashdiscount and vendor line items.

� For non-singular account assignment for the asset invoice, no characteristicaccount assignment was possible for business areas either.



Figure 44: Post-Capitalization of Cash Discount to Asset (2)

The �post-capitalization of cash discount to asset� is only possible if the documentsplitting is active. You do not necessarily have to define splitting characteristics,however.

Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) -> General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Business Transactions -> Document Splitting -> Define Post-Capitalization ofCash Discount to Assets.

Caution: The �post-capitalization of cash discount to asset� only worksif the function was already configured /activated when the invoice wasentered. It is not enough to simply set / activate the function beforeentering the payment.

If you use the �post-capitalization of cash discount to asset�, program SAPF181 isno longer run (periodically).



Exercise 3: Post-Capitalization of CashDiscount to Assets

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� Post an asset acquisition with a segment assignment in the FI-AA component.� You will also learn how the system has to be configured so that (only)

when an asset acquisition invoice is paid is a cash discount availed of, isautomatically and in real time deducted from the asset, and how the wholeprocedure is carried out in the reverse situation: That is, how the systemactivates an asset acquisition with a cash discount deduction, and how itreacts if no cash discount amount is deducted during payment.

Business ExampleYou want to understand how the system behaves when an asset acquisition invoiceis paid and when the acquisition invoice is entered. In particular, when a deductionor a non-deduction of a cash discount is involved. You want to be sure that youcan leave out the periodic program SAPF181 (=> profit and loss adjustment) andthat the asset values will still appear correctly in the balance sheet.

Task:In the following exercise you will enter an integrated asset acquisition with a netdocument type (=> for example, standard document type KN).

But you will only pay the invoice 3 months later, and accordingly do not deducta cash discount from the invoiced amount.

Hint: You will first configure the system so that the deducted cashdiscount amount is post-capitalized with the payment for the asset inreal time.

Before you start this exercise, note the following: Your company code AA## isassigned sample chart of accounts 1DE in Customizing for Asset Accounting.

Area 01 models book depreciation; it posts to the general ledger in real time.There are no other value-posting areas.

1. Create an asset master record with the following data in Class 2100 (=>Equipment) in your company code AA##:




Description: Equipment Group ##Cost Center: T-F05A##

No other fields are required in the training system; you can use the defaultvalues from the class for the depreciation parameters.

2. Now try to enter an integrated asset acquisition with the following data �you can try, but you will not be able to do this (yet):

Document date: 07.01.CY (=> CY = current year)Document type: KN (=> net document type with automatic

deduction of cash discount)Company code: AA##Posting date: 07.01.CY

First line item:

Posting key: 31Account: 210## (=> your vendor)

Simply confirm any warning messages about data modifications with Enter.

Amount: � 110,000Indicator Calculate tax: SetTax code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)

Simply confirm any warning messages about cash discounts with Enter.

Next line item:

Posting key: 70Account: Asset number from the first exercise in this

sectionTransaction type: 100⇒ EnterAmount: � 110,000 or �*�

=> Enter - Simply also confirm any warning messages about cash discountswith Enter.




Now try to save the document. An error message appears. Please proceedwith the next exercise.

3. Why does an error message appear?

4. Define account assignment type APC values posting in Customizing (forAsset Accounting) for your company code AA##, depreciation area 01, andaccount assignment object cost center. Enter �*� in the Transaction Typecolumn and do not forget to set the Assign checkbox. Save your entries.

5. Stay in Customizing and check whether the �post-capitalization of cashdiscounts to assets� is already defined.

This is the case if the entry for Asset in the table in the correspondingtransaction is already selected. If this is not the case, please notify yourcourse instructor.


6. Now try again to post an integrated asset acquisition.

Enter the following data again:

Document date: 07.01.CY (=> CY = current year)Document type: KN (=> net document type with automatic deduction

of cash discount)Company code: AA##Posting date: 07.01.CY

First line item:



Amount: � 110,000Indicator Calculatetax:

Set

Tax code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)





Next line item:

Posting key: 70Account: Asset number from the first exercise in this sectionTransaction type: 100 => EnterAmount: � 110,000 or �*�

Enter - Simply confirm any warning messages about cash discounts withEnter.

Simulate and save the document.

7. Now call the Asset Explorer for your asset, to analyze the values of theacquisition. The Acquisition Amount should (only) amount to � 97,000,due to the net document type. The corresponding scheduled depreciationis then � 9,700.

8. From the Asset Explorer go to the Financial Accounting document andexamine the entry view and general ledger view of the document.

9. Now enter payment of the asset. Since you do not pay the invoice untilearly April, pay the full invoiced amount of � 110,000. No cash discountis deducted.

Use the following data:

Document date: 05/04/CYDocument type: KZCompany code: AA##Posting date: 05/04/CY

Bank data:

Account: 113100Amount: � 110,000

Open item selection:

Account: 210##Account type: K

Enter - Please confirm any warning messages with Enter.




First deactivate all open items by selecting and deactivating all items.

Then position the cursor on the line item with the document number of theasset acquisition posting � it should be the only line item that has documenttype KN.

Activate this line item. The �recorded� and �assigned� amounts should beidentical, and you can simulate the document.

You can see in the document simulation (=> in the classic or new scenario)that the amount of � 3,000 is (post-)capitalized to the asset (directly), becauseasset account 11000 is used here.

Save your data.

10. In the Asset Explorer, the asset (in all depreciation areas except area 03)now has an acquisition value of � 100,000.

The scheduled depreciation has been corrected to � 10,000 by the posting.

To display the payment posting, double-click on the second transaction in theAsset Explorer.



Solution 3: Post-Capitalization of CashDiscount to AssetsTask:In the following exercise you will enter an integrated asset acquisition with a netdocument type (=> for example, standard document type KN).

But you will only pay the invoice 3 months later, and accordingly do not deducta cash discount from the invoiced amount.

Hint: You will first configure the system so that the deducted cashdiscount amount is post-capitalized with the payment for the asset inreal time.

Before you start this exercise, note the following: Your company code AA## isassigned sample chart of accounts 1DE in Customizing for Asset Accounting.

Area 01 models book depreciation; it posts to the general ledger in real time.There are no other value-posting areas.

1. Create an asset master record with the following data in Class 2100 (=>Equipment) in your company code AA##:

Description: Equipment Group ##Cost Center: T-F05A##

No other fields are required in the training system; you can use the defaultvalues from the class for the depreciation parameters.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Fixed Assets→ Asset→ Create→ Asset

Enter the required data as described in the exercise text.

2. Now try to enter an integrated asset acquisition with the following data �you can try, but you will not be able to do this (yet):

Document date: 07.01.CY (=> CY = current year)Document type: KN (=> net document type with automatic

deduction of cash discount)Company code: AA##Posting date: 07.01.CY

First line item:Continued on next page





Amount: � 110,000Indicator Calculate tax: SetTax code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)


Next line item:

Posting key: 70Account: Asset number from the first exercise in this

sectionTransaction type: 100⇒ EnterAmount: � 110,000 or �*�

=> Enter - Simply also confirm any warning messages about cash discountswith Enter.

Now try to save the document. An error message appears. Please proceedwith the next exercise.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Financial Accounting→ Fixed Assets→Posting→ Acquisition→ External Acquisition→ With Vendor

3. Why does an error message appear?

a) Answer: You have activated document splitting and set the zerobalance flag for the characteristic segment for your company code. Butthe characteristic segment cannot be derived from the asset masterrecord yet.




4. Define account assignment type APC values posting in Customizing (forAsset Accounting) for your company code AA##, depreciation area 01, andaccount assignment object cost center. Enter �*� in the Transaction Typecolumn and do not forget to set the Assign checkbox. Save your entries.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Asset Accounting→Integration with the General Ledger→ Additional Account AssignmentObjects→ Specify Account Assignment Types for Account AssignmentObjects

b) Select your company code AA## in the table on the right.

c) Double-click the Depreciation Area in the dialog structure.

d) In the table on the right, select area 01.

e) Double-click the Account Assignment Objects in the dialog structure.

f) Maintain the new entry as described in the exercise text.

5. Stay in Customizing and check whether the �post-capitalization of cashdiscounts to assets� is already defined.

This is the case if the entry for Asset in the table in the correspondingtransaction is already selected. If this is not the case, please notify yourcourse instructor.


a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Define Post-Capitalization of Cash Discount to Assets

6. Now try again to post an integrated asset acquisition.

Enter the following data again:

Document date: 07.01.CY (=> CY = current year)Document type: KN (=> net document type with automatic deduction

of cash discount)Company code: AA##Posting date: 07.01.CY

First line item:






Amount: � 110,000Indicator Calculatetax:

Set

Tax code: 1I (=> 10% input tax)


Next line item:

Posting key: 70Account: Asset number from the first exercise in this sectionTransaction type: 100 => EnterAmount: � 110,000 or �*�

Enter - Simply confirm any warning messages about cash discounts withEnter.


a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Fixed Assets→ Posting→ Acquisition→ External Acquisition→With Vendor

7. Now call the Asset Explorer for your asset, to analyze the values of theacquisition. The Acquisition Amount should (only) amount to � 97,000,due to the net document type. The corresponding scheduled depreciationis then � 9,700.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Fixed Assets→ Asset→ Asset Explorer

8. From the Asset Explorer go to the Financial Accounting document andexamine the entry view and general ledger view of the document.


b) Double-click the displayed acquisition item in the Transactions area.




9. Now enter payment of the asset. Since you do not pay the invoice untilearly April, pay the full invoiced amount of � 110,000. No cash discountis deducted.

Use the following data:

Document date: 05/04/CYDocument type: KZCompany code: AA##Posting date: 05/04/CY

Bank data:

Account: 113100Amount: � 110,000

Open item selection:

Account: 210##Account type: K

Enter - Please confirm any warning messages with Enter.

First deactivate all open items by selecting and deactivating all items.

Then position the cursor on the line item with the document number of theasset acquisition posting � it should be the only line item that has documenttype KN.

Activate this line item. The �recorded� and �assigned� amounts should beidentical, and you can simulate the document.

You can see in the document simulation (=> in the classic or new scenario)that the amount of � 3,000 is (post-)capitalized to the asset (directly), becauseasset account 11000 is used here.

Save your data.

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Payable→ Document Entry→ Outgoing Payment→ Post

b) On the screen Post Outgoing Payments Edit Open Items, follow themenu path Document→ Simulate and / or the menu path Document→Simulate General Ledger

10. In the Asset Explorer, the asset (in all depreciation areas except area 03)now has an acquisition value of � 100,000.




The scheduled depreciation has been corrected to � 10,000 by the posting.

To display the payment posting, double-click on the second transaction in theAsset Explorer.




Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Enter postings in accounts payable, accounts receivable, and asset

accounting� ... Perform post-capitalization of cash discounts for assets in real-time,

thanks to document splitting


AC210 Lesson: Integration of the New G/L Accounting with Controlling

Lesson: Integration of the New G/L Accounting withControlling

Lesson Overview� Returning follow-up costs online to CO� Real-time integration CO -> FI


� ... Understand how follow-up costs can be distributed in CO online anddecide whether this method would be good for your company

� ... Configure and use the real-time integration of Controlling with FinancialAccounting, and understand its meaning

� ... Understand the meaning of a third period interval within the FI postingperiod maintenance

Business ExampleIn the classic FI environment, postings in Controlling were not reconciled withexternal accounting in real time. To obtain a reconciliation in the standard system,the reconciliation ledger was used / required. This periodic method is nowreplaced by a real-time reconciliation (=> online / real-time).

Figure 45: Online Distribution of Follow-Up Costs (Upon Payment)



With release R/3 4.7, crediting the original CO account assignment with theamount of the cash discount was still only possible by (periodically) runningprogram SAPF181 (=> profit and loss adjustment):

� The program transferred the amount from the default account assignment(=> transaction OKB9) to the original CO account assignment.

� A direct link between the FI and CO documents was not possible.

* In general, the post-capitalized objects are �real� CO objects. However,in principle �statistical� objects can also be post-capitalized: In this case, thedocument splitting does not differentiate between �real� and �statistical� objects.

Hint: However, this is different in the update in the new general ledger,or in the FI tables, for example, when using the scenario Cost CenterUpdate. This update only works for �real� objects.

Figure 46: Online Distribution of Follow-Up Costs � Premises

You define the splitting characteristics for Controlling under: Customizing:Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ BusinessTransactions→ Document Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Characteristicsfor Controlling



The following document splitting characteristics are available in addition todefined customer fields, for example:

� Order� Cost center� WBS element� Network� Sales order� Profitability segment number� Real estate key (=> field IMKEY)� Cost object

Note: The document splitting characteristics for Controlling must beconfigured before the (original) vendor invoice is entered. If this notthe case, the CO object will not be written to the vendor document andtherefore cannot be inherited (to the payment document).

Figure 47: Online Distribution � Accounting Documents

The defined document splitting characteristic for Controlling is alreadymanaged in the FI document during invoice entry, and the system passes it on allthe way through to the payment document.

If no characteristics are defined for the online split, the payment document onlydisplays FI entities.



Context / Repetition / Outlook:

� Assume you credit CO internal order 1004... using a settlement, for example.If �CO->FI Real-time Integration� is configured, an FI follow-on documentwould also be posted.

� Even if more than one ledger is defined in the general ledger, the COcharacteristic would only be displayed in the general ledger view of theleading leader, because only the leading ledger has CO integration.

Figure 48: Real-Time Integration CO -> FI

(Real-time) integration from Financial Accounting (=> FI) to Controlling (=> CO)has been available in the SAP System for some time now.

Only the opposite direction, from CO to FI, was not previously possible in realtime. This affects, for example, changes to characteristics in the followingprocesses / transactions such as:

� Periodic allocations (=> assessment, distribution, transfer posting, ...)� Manual transfer postings to CO [=> transaction KB11(N)]� Activity allocations [transaction KB21(N)]� Settlement from orders or projects [transactions KO88 and CJ88]

CO reconciliation with Financial Accounting has always required thereconciliation ledger, which was maintained in Cost Element Accounting. Periodicprogram runs carried out summary adjustment / reconciliation postings for eachcost element / expense account: transaction KALC.



Transaction KALC is no longer available in the standard system after the newgeneral ledger is activated � an information message points out the new real-timeintegration between CO and FI.

Note: The segment characteristic could not be reconciled with transactionKALC.

Figure 49: Variants for CO -> FI Real-Time Integration

You define the variants for CO->FI real-time integration under: Customizing:Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→Ledgers→ Real-Time Integration of Controlling with Financial Accounting→Define Variants for Real-Time Integration

In a further step, you assign the variant to your company code(s).

To determine which characteristic changes will generate real-time FI follow-ondocuments, you can use the checkboxes, define Boolean rules, or implement aBAdI with your own program logic.

Hint: Please note that it naturally does not make any sense to selectcharacteristics in the RTI variant that you have not previously assigned toat least one ledger in the scenarios.

The activation date defines when (from which posting date of the CO document)CO-FI reconciliation is possible with real-time integration.



However, at a later time you can subsequently create FI follow-on documents forCO documents that were posted before the real-time integration was activated.

Note: For existing SAP customers, the activation date for the CO->FIreal-time integration within the migration to the new general ledger isoften what is known as the migration date.

To transfer secondary (actual) cost elements from CO to FI, you have to definean account determination. You define this account determination under:Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Ledgers→ Real-Time Integration of Controlling with FinancialAccounting→ Account Determination for Real-Time Integration→ DefineAccount Determination for Real-Time Integration. The transaction called is thesame one already used for defining the account determination in the reconciliationledger.

Note: It is also feasible even to transfer primary costs to FI throughaccount determination, although it usually makes most sense to workwith the original cost elements here.

Figure 50: Real-Time Integration CO -> FI: Example Figures

This slide shows the real-time integration of CO -> FI using the functional areacharacteristic or entity as an example.

The profit center, segment and business area characteristics have been leftunchanged in the example for reasons of clarity.



What do you see in the Financial Accounting document (=> 2b.)?

� The posting is in real time (for each CO document) � (periodic)reconciliation using the reconciliation ledger and transaction KALC must/canbe omitted.

� In this case, the FI follow-on document has no clearing accounts.Clearing lines are only necessary if the activity in CO (=> 2.) results in achange of a balancing entity.

� On the real-time FI follow-on document you can navigate from theManagement Accounting document (=> 2./2a.) and vice versa � key word:to trace the accounting documents.

Figure 51: Trace / Log of the Real-Time Integration CO -> FI

You can activate the trace in the real-time integration variant (=> inCustomizing). In this case it is always active for all users. You cannot thendeactivate it in the application. Depending on the company, this can result in alarge and perhaps undesired number of log entries, which can be deleted regularly,but which are usually not required for an evaluation.

This is because if the trace is not activated in the real-time integration variant, youcan still activate and deactivate it for a specific user at any time. The correspondingtransaction code to enter (in the command field) is: FAGLCOFITRACEADMIN

Hint: If the CO activity does not change any FI characteristics (=>no change to the company code, or the segment, or, or ...), then no FIfollow-on document is created when you are working with �checkboxes�.However, if the trace is activated, a log entry is created anyway.



Figure 52: Real-Time Integration CO -> FI � Document Flow

You can navigate from the CO document to the FI [reconciliation] documentgenerated in real time, and vice versa. This guarantees the traceability of theaccounting documents.

This bidirectional navigation between documents is possible because real-timeCO-FI integration creates an FI follow-on document for each activity, and notjust a totals posting at the end of the month.



Figure 53: Defining Time Periods for (FI) Posting Periods

Hint: Posting periods (for interval 1) can be linked to an authorizationgroup in order to close the posting periods successively for the users, forexample. The Authorization Group column is not included on the figure(for space reasons).

To be able to use authorization groups in the case discussed, you use the postingperiod authorization, or authorization object F_BKPF_BUP.



Figure 54: Interval 3

Caution: If you are using the (new) interval 3, you (still) have toreconcile your period end-closing between FI and CO.

Thus, for example, the following procedure for the periodic closing operationsis possible:

� A period has come to an end and FI wants to prevent further postings in thisprevious period: Interval 1 is closed for this period. FI can start with thefirst steps of the period end-closing.

� In parallel, CO performs all the required closing operations for the previousperiod. If these CO closing operations using the real-time integration of CO-> FI result in FI follow-on documents, then interval 3 can / must be opened(by FI) for the previous period. Thus CO can go on working unobstructed,but without any unwanted (additional external) FI documents being ableto be posted in the previous period.

� When CO has completed the closing operations, interval 3 is also closed (byFI) for the closing period. Now FI can finish its periodic closing operationsand create the required reports.



Exercise 4: Real-Time Integration CO -> FI

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Configure the real-time integration between CO and FI� ... Test whether and how the CO -> FI real-time integration works

Business ExampleA concrete example is used to clarify the configuration and testing of the CO ->FI real-time integration so that you can see whether the real-time integration issuitable as a follow-on function for the reconciliation ledger.

Task:Real-Time Integration CO -> FI:

1. You will now configure and test the real-time integration between CO and FI.

To do this, define your own variant for real-time integration with theID V##.

Your variant V## should have the following settings:

Real-time integration activeindicator:

Set

Key Date: Active from inputfield::

01/01/CY

Account determination activeindicator:

Set

Document Type: AB (=> document type AB is OK in theexercise / course. However, in practicea newly created document type isrecommended ...)

Ledger Group (FI): 0LText: Variant for real-time integration, group

##

Field group Selection of Document Lines for Real-Time IntegrationCO->FI:

Use Checkboxes radio button: Set ...




... and select all entities (=> company code, business area, �)

Field group Technical Settings:

Trace Active indicator: SetDo Not Summarize Documentsindicator:

Deselect

Caution: You do not necessarily have to activate the trace functionin the variant; you can activate it at any time, as required. Weactually recommend leaving the trace inactive in production systems,as otherwise a huge number of log entries may be generated.However, in this AC210 exercise, you should activate the traceimmediately.

2. Assign your new variant V## to your company code AA##.

3. Examine the vendor invoice that you posted first again (=> exercise ina previous unit): It should have the document number 1900000000 � if itdoes not, find the first document you posted. You assigned � 4,000 to costcenter T-F05A##.

Now assume that this account assignment was incorrect: Instead, you shouldhave posted the expense to cost center T-F05C##.

4. You will now repost a line item in Controlling. Call the appropriatetransaction in the CO application and enter the following data for theaccounting document:

Hint: If the system asks you to enter a controlling area, choosecontrolling area 1000.

Document No.: 1900000000 (or the first document you posted)Company code: AA##Fiscal year: Current fiscal year

Delete any other selection criteria on the initial screen (such as cost center)and then execute.

In the results list, change the account assignment (more precisely: columnAccount Assignment 1) from cost center T�F05A## to cost center T�F05C##.Save your data.




5. Call up a cost centers actual/plan/variance report for cost center T-F05C##and check whether the costs (=> Purchased services cost element) havebeen noted for the new cost center.

Go to the CO line items and display the segment characteristic in the layout.

You can see that the system has used the cost center and profit centerto derive segment SEGA. However, you originally posted the purchasedservices, amounting to � 4,000, to segment SEG##.

Note: To avoid inconsistencies between Controlling and FinancialAccounting, the system must have generated an accountingdocument that maps the change in the segment assignment.

From the CO line items, check whether a corresponding accountingdocument was created in real time and navigate to it.

6. In the data entry view for the FI follow-on document, you can already seethe different assignments to the segments. The general ledger view showsclearly what it means when we say the segment characteristic has to have a�zero balance� according to Customizing:

Clearing line items are created automatically to achieve a zero balancefor each segment.

For a clearer illustration, display the document in the general ledger view,using your display variant L2.

7. If the trace is active in the real-time integration variant, you can seewhether real-time integration between CO and FI worked, whichdocuments were created, and which characteristics were changed intransaction FAGLCOFITRACEADMIN:

Choose Display Trace (Free Selection). In the Field Selection dialog box,select Company Code (FI) and adopt the data (=> Enter).

In the Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box, enter your company codeAA## and adopt this data too (=> Enter). The log should contain two entries.

To display the trace details and answer the following questions, double-clickthe document number:

1. Has the document been transferred?

2. Which posting mode was used?

3. Is there a follow-on document in FI, and what is its document number?

4. Which entities / characteristics were changed?



Solution 4: Real-Time Integration CO -> FITask:Real-Time Integration CO -> FI:

1. You will now configure and test the real-time integration between CO and FI.

To do this, define your own variant for real-time integration with theID V##.

Your variant V## should have the following settings:

Real-time integration activeindicator:

Set

Key Date: Active from inputfield::

01/01/CY

Account determination activeindicator:

Set

Document Type: AB (=> document type AB is OK in theexercise / course. However, in practicea newly created document type isrecommended ...)

Ledger Group (FI): 0LText: Variant for real-time integration, group

##

Field group Selection of Document Lines for Real-Time IntegrationCO->FI:

Use Checkboxes radio button: Set ...

... and select all entities (=> company code, business area, �)

Field group Technical Settings:

Trace Active indicator: SetDo Not Summarize Documentsindicator:

Deselect

Caution: You do not necessarily have to activate the trace functionin the variant; you can activate it at any time, as required. Weactually recommend leaving the trace inactive in production systems,




as otherwise a huge number of log entries may be generated.However, in this AC210 exercise, you should activate the traceimmediately.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Real-Time Integration ofControlling with Financial Accounting→ Define Variants forReal-Time Integration

2. Assign your new variant V## to your company code AA##.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Real-Time Integration ofControlling with Financial Accounting→ Assign Variants forReal-Time Integration to Company Codes

b) Choose Edit -> New Entries to assign your variant V## to yourcompany code AA##.

3. Examine the vendor invoice that you posted first again (=> exercise ina previous unit): It should have the document number 1900000000 � if itdoes not, find the first document you posted. You assigned � 4,000 to costcenter T-F05A##.

Now assume that this account assignment was incorrect: Instead, you shouldhave posted the expense to cost center T-F05C##.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ Accounts Payable→ Document→ Display

Enter the document number, your company code AA##, the currentfiscal year, and press Enter.

4. You will now repost a line item in Controlling. Call the appropriatetransaction in the CO application and enter the following data for theaccounting document:

Hint: If the system asks you to enter a controlling area, choosecontrolling area 1000.

Document No.: 1900000000 (or the first document you posted)Company code: AA##Fiscal year: Current fiscal year

Delete any other selection criteria on the initial screen (such as cost center)and then execute.




In the results list, change the account assignment (more precisely: columnAccount Assignment 1) from cost center T�F05A## to cost center T�F05C##.Save your data.

a) Application: Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost Center Accounting→Actual Postings→ Repost Line Items→ Enter

5. Call up a cost centers actual/plan/variance report for cost center T-F05C##and check whether the costs (=> Purchased services cost element) havebeen noted for the new cost center.

Go to the CO line items and display the segment characteristic in the layout.

You can see that the system has used the cost center and profit centerto derive segment SEGA. However, you originally posted the purchasedservices, amounting to � 4,000, to segment SEG##.

Note: To avoid inconsistencies between Controlling and FinancialAccounting, the system must have generated an accountingdocument that maps the change in the segment assignment.

From the CO line items, check whether a corresponding accountingdocument was created in real time and navigate to it.

a) Application: Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost Center Accounting→ Information System→ Reports for Cost Center Accounting→Plan/Actual Comparisons→ Cost Centers: Actual/Plan/Variance

b) Double-click the cost element line shown. In the Select Report dialogbox, double-click Cost Centers: Actual Line Items.

c) To change the layout, choose Settings→ Layout→ Change. Copy thecharacteristic Segment to the Displayed Columns.

d) Menu: Environment → Accounting Documents. In the List ofDocuments in Accounting dialog box, choose Accounting document.

6. In the data entry view for the FI follow-on document, you can already seethe different assignments to the segments. The general ledger view showsclearly what it means when we say the segment characteristic has to have a�zero balance� according to Customizing:

Clearing line items are created automatically to achieve a zero balancefor each segment.

For a clearer illustration, display the document in the general ledger view,using your display variant L2.

a) Select Layout pushbutton => click layout L2.




7. If the trace is active in the real-time integration variant, you can seewhether real-time integration between CO and FI worked, whichdocuments were created, and which characteristics were changed intransaction FAGLCOFITRACEADMIN:

Choose Display Trace (Free Selection). In the Field Selection dialog box,select Company Code (FI) and adopt the data (=> Enter).

In the Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box, enter your company codeAA## and adopt this data too (=> Enter). The log should contain two entries.

To display the trace details and answer the following questions, double-clickthe document number:

1. Has the document been transferred?

2. Which posting mode was used?

3. Is there a follow-on document in FI, and what is its document number?

4. Which entities / characteristics were changed?

a) Enter /nfaglcofitraceadmin in the command field.

b) Explanation for why there are two entries: One entry for debiting costcenter T-F05C## and a second entry for crediting cost center T-F05A##.

c) Answer to question 1: Yes

d) Answer to question 2: Online posting

e) Answer to question 3: Yes, the document number is 100000..�

f) Answer to question 4: The characteristics profit center and segment



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Understand how follow-up costs can be distributed in CO online and

decide whether this method would be good for your company� ... Configure and use the real-time integration of Controlling with Financial

Accounting, and understand its meaning� ... Understand the meaning of a third period interval within the FI posting

period maintenance


AC210 Lesson: Integration with Materials Management

Lesson: Integration with Materials Management

Lesson OverviewOf course, the processes from related applications that generate FI documentsmust continue to run when the new G/L is active. The logistical transactionsGoods Receipt and Invoice Receipt are typical examples of this.


� ... Recognize that applications related to FI are also �linked� with newgeneral ledger accounting.

Business ExampleMany companies do not handle their purchasing processes only directly in FIwith vendor invoices but use the logistical process chain (Purchase Requisition)- Purchase Order - Goods Receipt - Invoice Receipt. Is this still possible whenyou use new general ledger accounting?

Figure 55: Logistics Process Chain

Die Folie zeigt die Logistik-Prozesskette �Banf � Bestellung � Wareneingang� Rechnungseingang�



Expressed in transaction codes, this chain reads: ME51N � ME21N � MIGO� MIRO

Integration with Financial Accounting is provided, as in previous releases.

Note: In relation to the logistics processes, there has been an additionalenhancement/improvement with EhP4: New G/L accounting is nowalso able to record invoice reduction items (=> in the context of invoicereceipt entry) correctly/according to the exact course also for multipleaccount assignments. Before EhP4, the credit amount was distributed toall account assignments (of the purchase order).

Please refer to SAP Note 1264384 for the required Customizing settings:

� Choose Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ ExtendedDocument Splitting→ Define Document Splitting Rule and in thedetail screen for the header data ... [for example, for documentsplitting rule Vendor Invoice] ... in the Further subdivide documentgroup frame, set the indicator For Each Logical Transaction.

� ...

Figure 56: Goods Movements

The segments are derived from the profit center of the material master.

The Profit Center characteristic is saved in the material master on the tab pageCosting 1 (=> see the slide) and on the tab page General Plant Data/Storage 21.


AC210 Lesson: Integration with Materials Management

To achieve a �zero balance position�, the system generates clearing lines ifdocument splitting is active and set up accordingly, as you can see in the example.

The partner objects of the balancing characteristics are also written to theclearing, expense, and balance lines of an FI document triggered from MaterialsManagement. These partner objects are also saved in the FI totals record.

Hint: In the context with logistic or material processes SAP also savesto standard fields that were included in total table FAGLFLEXT innon-initial form.

� Field HR (=> origin group [as a subdivision of the cost item])� Field WERKS (=> plant)

For more information, see also SAP Note 961295.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Recognize that applications related to FI are also �linked� with new

general ledger accounting.


AC210 Lesson: (Actual) Allocations (in FI) and the Subject of �MappingProfit Center Accounting�

Lesson: (Actual) Allocations (in FI) and the Subject of�Mapping Profit Center Accounting�

Lesson OverviewThis lesson also covers the important subject of �Profit Center Accountingin the New General Ledger�, or the question about the mapping �location� ofprofit center accounting.

Hint: It will discuss the aspects affecting your decision about howyou want to portray profit center accounting in future � in the (classic)EC-PCA as before or in new general ledger accounting.

It does not make sense to run profit center accounting in parallel and this isnot always possible for technical reasons, at least not so that you end up withthe same results in both applications/ledgers. This would obviously be the basicrequirement for running both applications �in parallel�.


� ... Perform allocations in FI� ... Understand you must make a decision about �where� profit center

accounting is supposed to be mapped

Business ExampleSince new general ledger accounting offers the (often recommended) option ofmapping profit center accounting, the new G/L must also offer the functions thatused to be used in classic profit center accounting. This also includes, for example,distribution and assessment (for profit centers).



Figure 57: SAP Note 826357

Hint: This very detailed note for mapping � please take the time to readit in full when get the chance � basically states: �If you to keep usingthe classic EC-PCA, you will have to do without document splitting andalso without other characteristics, not just the Profit Center characteristic.If you want to represent profit center accounting in new general ledgeraccounting in the future, you should really use document splitting.�

On the subject of �Profit Center Accounting in the Classic EC-PCA versus ProfitCenter Accounting in the New G/L�, you can also try to call up SAP Note 1280060.However, at the time of writing this course, this note was still being created...

Note: Important additional information about �profit centeraccounting in the new G/L�: With Enhancement Package 3, a newauthorization check for the profit center is also available in the newgeneral ledger (in addition to the check for the company code or ledger,for example). This (now) has an effect during posting, during themanual clearing of documents, and during document display. The newauthorization check uses the (existing) authorization object K_PCA.

You can control this option, which is offered for the first time with EhP3,for each controlling area, under Customizing: Financial Accounting(New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Authorizations→ Activate Authorization Check for Profit Centers.

For reporting, on the other hand, an authorization check for the profitcenter (and, for example, the ledger and the company code) was alreadyavailable before Enhancement Package 3.



The subject of �Planning in FI� should not be ignored in this context (=Wherewill you map profit center accounting in the future?). The next lesson of AC210therefore looks at this subject.

Figure 58: Actual Allocation (in the New G/L)

A typical period-end closing for allocations may involve the following steps -Allocation sequence:

1. Allocation of the cost centers (as before) in Controlling2. End-of-period tasks in FI (=> for example, foreign currency valuation)3. Allocation of profit centers (and/or segments) in FI/in the new G/L

Caution: �Transactions� on CO objects (=> for example, cost centers)are no longer available due to FI allocations! If different segments areassigned to the corresponding profit centers, they will also be allocated.

Hint: How are the allocations of the different components integrated withFI when new General Ledger Accounting is active?

� Actual allocations in CO-OM: Changes are also updated in the newG/L if CO -> FI real-time integration is active.

� Actual allocations in classic profit center accounting: No update tothe new G/L � a pure EC-PCA document is generated.

� Actual allocations in the new general ledger: No integration intoother components - a pure FI document is created.



Figure 59: Allocations � Cycle Segment Technique

The cycle segment technique described here applies to both distribution andassessment.

Periodic reposting is not used in the new general ledger.

To represent the clearing relationship between the sender and receiver in thesystem, you have to make the following entries for each (allocation) segment:

� From which object(s) will the costs be allocated � sender values?� To which objects will the costs be allocated � receiver values?� Which costs will be allocated?� What is the basis for distributing the costs among the receivers � tracing

factor?

An (allocation) segment combines sender profit centers with receiver profitcenters in accordance with the clearing relationships described above.

Several segments are grouped together in one cycle.

Hint: A cycle must always be assigned to a version � In FI/in the newG/L, use Version 1.



Figure 60: Allocation � Sender and Receiver Rules

You can combine sender and receiver relationships in accordance with the rulesdescribed above.

Sender values can be either posted amounts, fixed amounts, or fixed rates. Ifyou use posted amounts, you can use both planned and actual amounts. You canenter a percentage below 100%, which leaves a corresponding residual amounton the sending profit center.

On the receiver side, you can define fixed amounts, fixed percentages, fixedshares, and variable shares (=> for example, statistical key figures) as rules.



Figure 61: Allocations: Distribution

Hint: *: The example with the electricity bill/costs is used as a relativelysimple way of explaining which accounts are used to debit and credit aprofit center for a distribution. In practice, the electricity costs wouldoften already be allocated to the different cost centers by the cost centerallocations of CO (using the CO -> FI real-time integration).

A nice example of profit center distribution (or also assessment), is thedistribution/assessment ofmaterial stocks to different profit centers. Thisis necessary, for example, if a material in a plant is used by differentprofit centers. Since only one profit center can be stored in the materialmaster, the stock values are allocated using the balance sheet account (oran assessment account) from the stored profit center to the others.

Allocations (in the new G/L) are also often used fordistributions/assessments of revenue accounts.

The receiver profit centers receive the values with the same account to which theywere originally posted to the sender profit centers. That is, the original account isused. - In graphic above, account 416100 and account 416110.

The (profit center) distribution of the new general ledger generates (only) an FIdocument, that is, a document that is stored only in the FI tables. It does notgenerate a classic EC-PCA document!

Distributions can be reversed and repeated as often as necessary.

The sender-receiver relationships are defined using the cycle segment technique.



Figure 62: Allocations: Assessment

Hint: **: The example with the cafeteria invoices is used as a relativelysimple way of explaining which accounts are used to debit and credit aprofit center for an assessment. In practice, the cafeteria invoices wouldoften already be allocated to the different cost centers by the cost centerallocation(s) of CO (using the CO -> FI real-time integration).

For the assessment, you can also use as examples (as in the precedinggraphic) inventories, such as material stocks or heating oil or, naturally,profits.

You should/have to define at least one new assessment account for assessmentin the new general ledger. In the depicted example, account 499900 has beenused as the example.

The assessment account must not be the same as a secondary cost element inCO � which means you can't simply use the assessment cost elements (=> costelement category 42) from CO.

On the receiver objects, you can no longer recognize the account with which theoriginal invoices were posted. You therefore use the assessment if you do notwant/cannot allow the receiver side to see the original accounts.

In practice, assessment is often used to clear a phantom PC.

The (profit center) assessment of the new general ledger generates (only) anFI document, that is, a document that is stored only in the FI tables. It doesnot generate a classic EC-PCA document! The document number is output inthe basic list.



Assessments can be reversed and repeated as often as necessary.

The sender-receiver relationships are defined using the cycle segment technique.



Exercise 5: (Actual) Allocation ofProfit Centers in New General LedgerAccounting

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Configure, execute, and understand an assessment (of profit centers)

in new general ledger accounting

Business ExampleIf you decide to map profit center accounting in new general ledger accounting,you will probably have to perform allocations (=> distributions and assessments)in the new G/L as well. This is necessary, for example, to assess/distributebetween their FI characteristics stock and/or revenue accounts that were notcovered by the CO allocations. Now think about it.

Hint: Bear in mind that allocations in FI (as part of period-end closing)are usually executed after the allocations in CO.

During active real-time integration CO � FI, FI characteristic changes (=>for example, changing the Profit Center and/or the Functional Area) thatresulted from a CO allocation (= CO assessment or CO distribution),are mapped and entered using an FI follow-on document in FinancialAccounting.

Task:In order to execute an FI allocation (in this exercise, an assessment of profitcenters), you must first carry out several preliminary tasks:

1. Create an additional/a second profit center master record with the IDPC##_2.

As a template please use your profit center PC## (in controlling area1000). Maintain the following data for the new profit center:

Analysis Period: 01/01 current year until 12/31/9999Name: PC_2 Group ##Long Text: Second Profit Center Group ##Person Respons.: Group ##




Department: TrainingHierarchy Area: H9500 (Training)Segment: Your segment SEG##


2. Now define a (new) assessment account in your company code AA##. Asthe template use account 800200 (=> revenues (for examples without ...)) ofyour company code AA## with the following additional data:

General ledger account/new accountnumber:

8002## (=> ## = your groupnumber)

Tab page: Type/Description:

Account group: General G/L Accounts I (=> GL)P&L account: YesShort text: Assessment of revenues ##G/L account long text Assessment account revenues/group ##

Tab page Control Data:

Alternative accountnumber:

Leave blank � delete the existing entry

Save the new account.

3. First create ...

Hint: ... if you haven't already done so in the optional exercise ofthe Document Splitting chapter ...

... in your company code AA## a customer 210## . You can use customer1000 in company code 1000 as reference. Do not modify the input fieldAccount Group.


4. The last preliminary task is to create a new document type with the shortdescription U?.





Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09Letter A B C D E F G H I

Group 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter J K L M N O P Q R

Example: If you were group 05, you would create document type UE.

The new document type U? is created using the document type SA as atemplate and should contain the following data:

Name: Assessment group ##Reversal DocumentType:

U? - Note: As the document type you canenter the (same) document type U? onlyimmediately, if you have saved document typeU? once beforehand.

You should copy all other parameters from the template.

Hint: In a system with an active new general ledger and activedocument splitting, if you create a document type, the businesscases and business case variants for this new document type mustbe maintained simultaneously.

To give you time to learn more about this, we will leave thismaintenance transaction for the moment and come back to itlater.

Creating the account in the previous exercise generally requiressubsequent activities if document splitting is active - key word �itemcategory assignment�. In the training system, the item categoriesare maintained using account intervals and therefore the problemdoes not arise here.

5. Enter an outgoing invoice for your customer 210## with the following data:




Company code: AA##Customer: 210##Invoice and PostingDate:

Today's date

Document type: DRAmount: � 660 (=> that is the gross amount)Calculate Tax indicator: SetTax code: 1O (=> Output tax (course) 10%)Text: Revenue posting for segment ##G/L account: 800200Amount in doc. curr.: 660 or simply �*�Profit center PC## (=> from the exercises of the Ledger

Definition unit

If an info message appears you can skip this message. Simulate and savethe posting document: Segment SEG## is derived from profit center PC#�

6. Call the FI drilldown financial statement (⇒ Financial statementActual/actual comparison) to check whether the revenues have actually beensent to profit center PC##. Enter the following data in the selection screenof the drilldown:

Currency Type: 10Company code: AA##FIS Annual Rep.Struc: INTLedger: 0LReporting year: Current fiscal yearReporting period, from: Current periodReporting period, to: Current periodComparison Year: Current year - 1Comparison periodfrom:

Current period

Comparison period to Current periodOutput type: You can choose � graphical or classic

Note: This exercise is based on the classic output type...




So that you do not have to maintain the data the next time you call thisdrilldown, you can save your entries as a variant before you execute thedrilldown:

Variant name: VAR##Description: Variant group ##

Now start the drilldown. To check the revenue amount for profit centerPC##, proceed as follows:

Hint: The first time a user double-clicks a navigation characteristic,the system always displays some �initial documentation forhotspots�. Read this information and then choose Never displayagain.

Navigate in the drilldown, for example, like this:

=> Go to the FS Item/Account navigation characteristic with the ProfitCenter characteristic.

=> Select the line with your profit center PC## and then choose the AccountNumber navigation characteristic.

Now you can view the revenues that were posted to profit center PC## (=>top, right-hand side, next to the other navigation characteristics).

Proceed in the same way to check which values were posted to segmentSEG##.

Note: If profit center PC## already displays more than � 600 foraccount 800200 (=> because you might have already posted otherrevenue), you can simply click the revenue amount and then chooseGoto→ Line Items to go to the line item display.

7. In this exercise we assume that the previously recorded revenues belongcompletely to segment SEG##, but only 70% to profit center PC##.

The residual 30% of the revenues are now (within FI) assessed to the (new)profit center PC##_2 because they should/must be assigned to it.

Hint: To keep things clear, only the revenues are to be assessednow; the receivables are not assessed as well.




Hence, create assessment cycle Z## with segment S## .

Note: The following segments to be created do not have anything todo with the FI characteristic Segment that you learnt about on thefirst day of the training course. It is a technical object that is requiredfor the �cycle segment technique� for the allocations.

Use the following data for the assessment cycle:

Ledger: 0LCycle: Z##Start date: 01. of the current month

=> Do not use a template.

Text: Assessment cycle group ##Iterative indicator: This is not relevant in this example. You can

either leave the indicator or remove it.Company code: AA##Version: 1

The first segment (=> Attach Segment button) should have the following data:

Segment name: S##Segment text: Segment ##Assessment account: 8002## (=> new assessment account from a

previous part of the exercise)

Sender values:

Sender rule: Posted AmountsShare in percent: 30

Receiver reference base:

Recipient rule: Fixed percentages

Senders/Receivers tab page:




Sender � Accountnumber:

800200 (=> Revenue)

Sender � Profit center: PC##Receiver � Profit center: PC##_2

Sender Values tab page

=> Must correspond: 30% of the actual values

Receiver Tracing Factor tab page:

=> Profit center PC##_2 is displayed. Set the percentage (=>Portion/Percentinput field) to 100.

Save segment S## and complete cycle Z##.

The last step in this exercise is to assign your assessment cycle Z## to a cyclerun group. To do this, follow the menu path Goto→ Cycle Run Group inthe cycle header data.

Overwrite the displayed run group 0000 with 00## and then choose CreateGroup.

For the text, choose Cycle flow group ##. Choose Enter. Save your data.

Hint: A cycle flow group is required for the training course so thatthe individual groups do not lock each other.

8. Now you can execute the assessment (in the test run) with the following data:

Ledger: 0LFrom Period: Current periodTo Period: Current periodFiscal year: Current fiscal yearDocument type: U? (⇒ from a preceding part of the exercise)Cycle: Z## (⇒ from a preceding part of the exercise)Start date: 01. of the current month

After the test run, look in the journal or the sender/receiver lists displayed tosee whether 30 percent of the revenues were allocated to the profit centerPC##_2 using the new assessment account.




If the results correspond, start the update run.

Hint: Of course, the update run now returns an error � but that isexactly what we want to provoke � see task step 4.

9. To be able to execute the update run, maintain the business transaction 0000(=> unspecific posting) and the standard business transaction variant 0001for your document type U?.

Hint: As you may know, the business transaction 0000 is notspecified in more detail with the business transaction variant 0001and is only customized rudimentarily by default. This BT/BTVcombination is sufficient for splitting and posting the documentcorrectly in automatic programs, for example, FI assessment, FIdistribution, foreign currency evaluation, depreciation posing run,and so on.

Reason: The processes or programs mentioned above are set up sothat they only work if all the account assignment information isavailable, that is, all the document lines are assigned completely.

Specifically: In the cycle (or in the segments) for the allocation,you have explicitly entered the sender and receiver profit center.Therefore, document splitting does not have to do anything (exceptin other cases/examples where it may have to generate a zero balancefor each characteristic or create a company code clearing line). TheBT/BTV 0000/0001 is sufficient for this.

10. Now start the update run for the FI assessment in the foreground. In thebasic list that is then displayed, you can see the posted (FI) document number(top, left screen area). You cannot go to the FI document from the results list.

Make a note of the FI document number of the assessment document andthen call up the FI document with the document transaction. Take a lookat the entry view and the G/L view.




11. If there are additional accounting documents for this document, for example,a document for classic profit center accounting (=> EC-PCA)?

12. When you have finished this exercise, check the effect of the allocations inreporting (on the different characteristics). Call the FI drilldown financialstatement (=> financial statement actual/actual comparison) with yourvariant VAR##.

Caution: Your new assessment account 8002## has not beenassigned to an FS structure so far and is therefore not directly in theP&L but still in the item Unassigned Accounts.

If you have not saved your own drilldown variant VAR## in one of theprevious exercises, enter the following data in the selection screen for thedrilldown:


Current period


Check whether the following items are correct:




� At company code level, account 8002## (=> your assessmentaccount) shows the value � 0.

� At profit center level, profit center PC## shows a correspondingcredit from the assessment and profit center PC##_2 shows acorresponding debit.

� At segment level, the assessment has no effect (either) and shouldshow a value of � 0 for account 8002##



Solution 5: (Actual) Allocation ofProfit Centers in New General LedgerAccountingTask:In order to execute an FI allocation (in this exercise, an assessment of profitcenters), you must first carry out several preliminary tasks:

1. Create an additional/a second profit center master record with the IDPC##_2.

As a template please use your profit center PC## (in controlling area1000). Maintain the following data for the new profit center:

Analysis Period: 01/01 current year until 12/31/9999Name: PC_2 Group ##Long Text: Second Profit Center Group ##Person Respons.: Group ##Department: TrainingHierarchy Area: H9500 (Training)Segment: Your segment SEG##


a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→Master Records→ Profit Center→ Individual Processing→ Create

2. Now define a (new) assessment account in your company code AA##. Asthe template use account 800200 (=> revenues (for examples without ...)) ofyour company code AA## with the following additional data:

General ledger account/new accountnumber:

8002## (=> ## = your groupnumber)

Tab page: Type/Description:

Account group: General G/L Accounts I (=> GL)P&L account: YesShort text: Assessment of revenues ##G/L account long text Assessment account revenues/group ##




Tab page Control Data:

Alternative accountnumber:

Leave blank � delete the existing entry

Save the new account.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Master Records→ G/L Accounts→ Individual Processing→Centrally

b) Enter the new account number in the G/L Account field and choose G/LAccount→ Create with reference

3. First create ...

Hint: ... if you haven't already done so in the optional exercise ofthe Document Splitting chapter ...

... in your company code AA## a customer 210## . You can use customer1000 in company code 1000 as reference. Do not modify the input fieldAccount Group.



4. The last preliminary task is to create a new document type with the shortdescription U?.




Example: If you were group 05, you would create document type UE.

The new document type U? is created using the document type SA as atemplate and should contain the following data:




Name: Assessment group ##Reversal DocumentType:

U? - Note: As the document type you canenter the (same) document type U? onlyimmediately, if you have saved document typeU? once beforehand.

You should copy all other parameters from the template.

Hint: In a system with an active new general ledger and activedocument splitting, if you create a document type, the businesscases and business case variants for this new document type mustbe maintained simultaneously.

To give you time to learn more about this, we will leave thismaintenance transaction for the moment and come back to itlater.

Creating the account in the previous exercise generally requiressubsequent activities if document splitting is active - key word �itemcategory assignment�. In the training system, the item categoriesare maintained using account intervals and therefore the problemdoes not arise here.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→ DefineDocument Types for Entry View

b) First select the template document type, then choose menu option Edit→ Copy as... Now enter the name of the new document type, confirmwith Enter, and save. Now you can change the text and the remaininginformation and save again.

5. Enter an outgoing invoice for your customer 210## with the following data:

Company code: AA##Customer: 210##Invoice and PostingDate:

Today's date

Document type: DRAmount: � 660 (=> that is the gross amount)Calculate Tax indicator: SetTax code: 1O (=> Output tax (course) 10%)




Text: Revenue posting for segment ##G/L account: 800200Amount in doc. curr.: 660 or simply �*�Profit center PC## (=> from the exercises of the Ledger

Definition unit

If an info message appears you can skip this message. Simulate and savethe posting document: Segment SEG## is derived from profit center PC#�

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ AccountsReceivable→ Document Entry→ Invoice

6. Call the FI drilldown financial statement (⇒ Financial statementActual/actual comparison) to check whether the revenues have actually beensent to profit center PC##. Enter the following data in the selection screenof the drilldown:


Current period


Note: This exercise is based on the classic output type...






Now start the drilldown. To check the revenue amount for profit centerPC##, proceed as follows:

Hint: The first time a user double-clicks a navigation characteristic,the system always displays some �initial documentation forhotspots�. Read this information and then choose Never displayagain.

Navigate in the drilldown, for example, like this:

=> Go to the FS Item/Account navigation characteristic with the ProfitCenter characteristic.

=> Select the line with your profit center PC## and then choose the AccountNumber navigation characteristic.

Now you can view the revenues that were posted to profit center PC## (=>top, right-hand side, next to the other navigation characteristics).

Proceed in the same way to check which values were posted to segmentSEG##.

Note: If profit center PC## already displays more than � 600 foraccount 800200 (=> because you might have already posted otherrevenue), you can simply click the revenue amount and then chooseGoto→ Line Items to go to the line item display.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports (New)→ FinancialStatement / Cash Flow→ General→ Actual/Actual Comparisons→Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison

b) To save the entries as a variant before you execute the drilldown,choose the following in the selection screen of the drilldown report:Goto→ Variants→ Save As Variant...

c) To go to the the FS Item/Account navigation characteristic withthe Profit Center characteristic, click the blue bar with the text FSItem/Account in the left part of the screen and then click the ProfitCenter navigation characteristic in the upper left part of the screen.

7. In this exercise we assume that the previously recorded revenues belongcompletely to segment SEG##, but only 70% to profit center PC##.




The residual 30% of the revenues are now (within FI) assessed to the (new)profit center PC##_2 because they should/must be assigned to it.

Hint: To keep things clear, only the revenues are to be assessednow; the receivables are not assessed as well.

Hence, create assessment cycle Z## with segment S## .

Note: The following segments to be created do not have anything todo with the FI characteristic Segment that you learnt about on thefirst day of the training course. It is a technical object that is requiredfor the �cycle segment technique� for the allocations.

Use the following data for the assessment cycle:

Ledger: 0LCycle: Z##Start date: 01. of the current month

=> Do not use a template.

Text: Assessment cycle group ##Iterative indicator: This is not relevant in this example. You can

either leave the indicator or remove it.Company code: AA##Version: 1

The first segment (=> Attach Segment button) should have the following data:

Segment name: S##Segment text: Segment ##Assessment account: 8002## (=> new assessment account from a

previous part of the exercise)

Sender values:

Sender rule: Posted AmountsShare in percent: 30

Receiver reference base:




Recipient rule: Fixed percentages

Senders/Receivers tab page:

Sender � Accountnumber:

800200 (=> Revenue)

Sender � Profit center: PC##Receiver � Profit center: PC##_2

Sender Values tab page

=> Must correspond: 30% of the actual values

Receiver Tracing Factor tab page:

=> Profit center PC##_2 is displayed. Set the percentage (=>Portion/Percentinput field) to 100.

Save segment S## and complete cycle Z##.

The last step in this exercise is to assign your assessment cycle Z## to a cyclerun group. To do this, follow the menu path Goto→ Cycle Run Group inthe cycle header data.

Overwrite the displayed run group 0000 with 00## and then choose CreateGroup.

For the text, choose Cycle flow group ##. Choose Enter. Save your data.

Hint: A cycle flow group is required for the training course so thatthe individual groups do not lock each other.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Allocation→ Actual Assessment→ Create

8. Now you can execute the assessment (in the test run) with the following data:

Ledger: 0LFrom Period: Current periodTo Period: Current periodFiscal year: Current fiscal year




Document type: U? (⇒ from a preceding part of the exercise)Cycle: Z## (⇒ from a preceding part of the exercise)Start date: 01. of the current month

After the test run, look in the journal or the sender/receiver lists displayed tosee whether 30 percent of the revenues were allocated to the profit centerPC##_2 using the new assessment account.

If the results correspond, start the update run.

Hint: Of course, the update run now returns an error � but that isexactly what we want to provoke � see task step 4.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Allocation→ Actual Assessment→ Execute

9. To be able to execute the update run, maintain the business transaction 0000(=> unspecific posting) and the standard business transaction variant 0001for your document type U?.

Hint: As you may know, the business transaction 0000 is notspecified in more detail with the business transaction variant 0001and is only customized rudimentarily by default. This BT/BTVcombination is sufficient for splitting and posting the documentcorrectly in automatic programs, for example, FI assessment, FIdistribution, foreign currency evaluation, depreciation posing run,and so on.

Reason: The processes or programs mentioned above are set up sothat they only work if all the account assignment information isavailable, that is, all the document lines are assigned completely.

Specifically: In the cycle (or in the segments) for the allocation,you have explicitly entered the sender and receiver profit center.Therefore, document splitting does not have to do anything (exceptin other cases/examples where it may have to generate a zero balancefor each characteristic or create a company code clearing line). TheBT/BTV 0000/0001 is sufficient for this.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Classify Document Types for Document Splitting.




10. Now start the update run for the FI assessment in the foreground. In thebasic list that is then displayed, you can see the posted (FI) document number(top, left screen area). You cannot go to the FI document from the results list.

Make a note of the FI document number of the assessment document andthen call up the FI document with the document transaction. Take a lookat the entry view and the G/L view.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Allocation→ Actual Assessment→ Execute

b) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Document→ Display

11. If there are additional accounting documents for this document, for example,a document for classic profit center accounting (=> EC-PCA)?

Answer: No, since you executed the allocation directly in the new generalledger, there is only the FI document. There is no FI -> EC-PCA integration.

12. When you have finished this exercise, check the effect of the allocations inreporting (on the different characteristics). Call the FI drilldown financialstatement (=> financial statement actual/actual comparison) with yourvariant VAR##.

Caution: Your new assessment account 8002## has not beenassigned to an FS structure so far and is therefore not directly in theP&L but still in the item Unassigned Accounts.

If you have not saved your own drilldown variant VAR## in one of theprevious exercises, enter the following data in the selection screen for thedrilldown:

Currency Type: 10Company code: AA##FIS Annual Rep.Struc: INTLedger: 0LReporting year: Current fiscal yearReporting period, from: Current periodReporting period, to: Current periodComparison Year: Current year - 1




Comparison periodfrom:

Current period


Check whether the following items are correct:

� At company code level, account 8002## (=> your assessmentaccount) shows the value � 0.

� At profit center level, profit center PC## shows a correspondingcredit from the assessment and profit center PC##_2 shows acorresponding debit.

� At segment level, the assessment has no effect (either) and shouldshow a value of � 0 for account 8002##

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports (New)→ FinancialStatement / Cash Flow→ General→ Actual/Actual Comparisons→Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison

b) Choose Goto→ Variants→ Get... from the menu to select the variants.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Perform allocations in FI� ... Understand you must make a decision about �where� profit center

accounting is supposed to be mapped



Lesson: Planning / Planning Options

Lesson OverviewThere was a planning transaction in FI, even before the introduction of NewGeneral Ledger Accounting. Of course, when the new G/L is active, planning hasto be considerably more diverse and offer a wider range of functions. The variousplanning options will be presented in the following sections.


� ... Describe various planning options� ... Understand the integrated planning of the new G/L with CO

Business ExampleAs Profit Center Accounting can / should be mapped in new general ledgeraccounting, it is possible, and indeed necessary, than you will also want to entercorresponding planning data in FI. On the other hand, until now you have alwaysconducted your planning in CO and then transferred the data to EC-PCA. Doessuch CO planning integration no longer exist with the new general ledger? Thefollowing lesson will familiarize you with the various options.


AC210 Lesson: Planning / Planning Options

Figure 63: Planning (in FI)

Hint: Some additional options for the �Planning� area, which were notincluded in the standard functions, were made available with EnhancementPackage 3 (EhP3) / Business Function FIN_GL_CI_1 (New GeneralLedger Accounting). As soon as the slides show EhP functions, they arementioned in the graphics or the graphics texts.

Activate totals table: Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ GeneralLedger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Technical Help→ Install SummaryTable

Import planning layouts: Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Technical Help→ ImportPlanning Layouts

Set planner profile: Application→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→Planning→ Set Planner Profile

Create a planning document type: Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Define Document Typesfor Planning

Define plan version: Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ GeneralLedger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Plan Versions→ Define Plan Versions

Assign plan version to a fiscal year: Customizing→ Financial Accounting(New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Plan Versions→Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters→ Assign Plan Version to FiscalYear and Activate



The transaction code for planning in the new general ledger is: GP12N

* Then you can define or activate the writing of plan line items in a separate step� more information later in this course.

Caution: Also (but not noted in the graphic above), planning periods(the variants of posting periods used in your company codes) must bedefined in Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Planning→ Define Plan Periods

Figure 64: Planning Layouts (for Planning in FI)

Caution: Planning (directly) in FI is always stored in combination withan account (see the planning scenarios on this slide). This means that�primary processes� can be planned without difficulty. It is consequentlynot possible to plan �secondary processes�, such as planning activities,directly from FI.

Overview of the following graphics: If you activate integrated planning fromCO-OM and also planning integration for secondary cost elements (in thestandard system with EhP3 or SAP Note 1009299), secondary plan processes arealso transferred to the new G/L.

There have always been standard drilldowns available, with which planningdata on FI accounts could be conveniently evaluated, for example, a plan/actualcomparison: Application: General Ledger→ Information System→ GeneralLedger Reports (New)→ Financial Statement / Cash Flow→ General→Plan/Actual Comparisons→ Financial Statement: Plan/Actual Comparison.



When this drilldown is started without a financial statement version beingspecified in the selection screen, the plan and actual values of the accounts arecompared. If you do not specify a financial statement version, period values arealways accumulated up to the chosen selection period. If you want to evaluateplan values for a single period (for example, only for the month of March), youmust specify a financial statement version.

With EhP3 other additional drilldowns for reporting plan and actual datafor profit centers and segments were made available. These drilldowns offerselection according to cost element (and not just according to account) � for moreinformation, please refer to the Reporting unit.

Hint: If a segment is stored in a profit center master record, the plan dataof the profit center is also stored automatically for that segment.

Figure 65: Integrated Planning from CO-OM to FI

Hint: Integrated planning from CO-OM to New General LedgerAccounting works only if you are working with a plan version withthe same name in FI and CO.

Example: CO plan values from CO plan version 0 are transferred only to an FIplan version 0. If planning is performed in CO using plan version 1, there mustalso be a plan version 1 defined and assigned in FI.



In CO, the plan values are entered with the CO planner profile (such as SAPALL)used previously.

It is also possible to transfer plan data from component CO-PA (ProfitabilityAnalysis) to New General Ledger Accounting � however, this transfer is notperformed online, but only via a (periodic) program run.

* Integrated planning for secondary costs is provided in ECC 6.0 with EhP 3 (orwith SAP Note 1009299). (There will be more information in the following slides.)

Figure 66: Integrated Planning from CO-OM to FI � Data Flow

Hint: The above example only works for the new G/L if the relevantscenarios are assigned to the ledgers (in the above example, this is theledger OL). Therefore: You also need scenario assignments to write plandata in the new G/L. If you do not have scenario assignments, only theaccount and the plan amount are saved. No additional characteristics aresaved (here, the profit center is not saved).

* Additional planning options (in the standard system):

� In the new G/L, you can also write plan line items. This means that the planvalues (for an account) are not only stored as totals in the table FAGLFLEXT,but a plan line item (with a plan document number) is also stored for eachplanned flow in the table FAGLFLEXP. Writing plan line items was notpossible in planning for classic general ledger accounting.



Activating the plan line item update:Customizing: Financial Accounting(New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Plan Versions→ Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters → Activate Line Items forPlanning. You can see afterwards whether the action was successful in thefiscal-year-dependent version parameters.

Advantages of plan line items:

� You can navigate from the plan drilldown to the plan line items.� New report for plan line items (with EhP 3): Transaction FAGLP03 �

The output is the same list that is called when you navigate from the plandrilldown. When you navigate from the drilldown, the periods are alwaysaggregated in the list display.

If you call the report directly, you can decide on the selection screen whetheryou want to work without this period aggregation. The field Periods is thenalso filled in the output.

� You can check whether the planning document has (already) been transferredto FI: Transaction FAGL_CO_PLAN

Figure 67: CO -> FI Integrated Planning for Secondary Cost Types



*: The transaction and the program for activating integrated planning forsecondary cost elements is called FAGL_PLAN_ACT_SEC.

Hint: You can already use the program FAGL_PLAN_ACT_SEC (andtherefore also integrated planning for secondary cost elements) with SAPERP 2004 or an ECC 6.0 Release without enhancement packages. Formore information, see SAP Note 1009299.

� In the standard ECC 5.0 system, the program is supplied withSupport Package 17.

� In the standard ECC 6.0 system, the program is supplied withSupport Package 10.

Activating integrated planning for secondary cost types takes effect across theentire system.

Customizing path for account determination for CO -> FI real-timeintegration: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Ledgers→ Real-Time Integration of Controlling with FinancialAccounting→ Account Determination for Real-Time Integration→ DefineAccount Determination for Real-Time Integration

After you activate integrated planning for secondary cost elements, secondaryplanning transactions are available for account determination for CO -> FIreal-time integration. Examples:

� RKP1 � Primary Cost Planning => transaction that has always been available� RKP2 � Planning Activities� RKP3 � Planning Secondary Costs� RKPU � Plan Overhead Cost Assessment

If the assignment of reconciliation accounts to CO transactions is too �rough�, youcan use substitution rules for a more detailed assignment (for example, assignmentof a reconciliation account for each secondary element [and not only for eachCO transaction].



Figure 68: Integrated Planning to FI � Secondary Costs - Data Flow 1

You can find the CO plan assessment in the SAP Easy Access menu under:Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost Center Accounting→ Planning→ Allocations→ Assessment

� Transaction for creating a CO plan assessment: KSU7� Transaction for executing a CO plan assessment: KSUB

To see what the result in FI looks like, please take a look as the next graphic ...



Figure 69: Integrated Planning to FI � Secondary Costs - Data Flow 2

The relevant FI plan line item looks as follows in the specified master dataconstellation:

Account Amount Profit center Partner PC499990 300 1402 1402499990 -300 1402 1402499990 200 1000 1402499990 -200 1402 1000

In the drilldown shown in the graphic (available with EhP 3), you can alsonavigate to the cost element (630000 in the example).



Figure 70: Transferring Plan Data: Classic Compared with New G/L

You can use plan data from the following components in controlling (CO) forplanning in New General Ledger Accounting:

� Overhead Cost Controlling (CO-OM): Primary cost elements and secondarycost elements

� Profitability Analysis (CO-PA): Primary cost elements

The planning of primary and secondary cost elements is saved directly in NewGeneral Ledger Accounting. As a result, planning in Profit Center Accounting(EC-PCA) or in the special ledgers (FI-SL) is no longer required.

Figure 71: Appendix on the Topic Planning (in FI)



Activate cumulative plan data entry for balance sheet accounts inCustomizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Activate Cumulative Plan Data Entry for Balance Sheet Accounts

What effect does this have:The period screen for planning in the new G/L(transaction GP12N) displays the balance sheet change values for each period bydefault. However, if cumulative plan data entry is activated for balance sheetaccounts, the system only displays the planned asset balance sheet values insteadof the planned balance sheet change values for balance sheet accounts.

Example: You have activated cumulative plan data entry and enter � 12,000.00(with distribution key 2) for balance sheet account 11000 using transactionGP12N. Afterwards you change to the period screen. The period screen displaysEUR 12,000.00 for each of the periods from 1 to 12, in other words: You see aplanned asset balance sheet value of � 12,000.00 in each period on the account. Inperiods 2 to 12, there were no changes to asset balance sheet value.

If cumulative plan data entry for balance sheet accounts is not active, the periodscreen shows � 1,000.00 for each of the periods 1 to 12 if the same data is entered.This means that the asset balance increases by �1,000 in each period in the account.

You can execute a balance carryforward for plan data in FI (only) ifcumulative plan data entry is activated for balance sheet accounts. TransactionFAGL_PLAN_VT.

Customizing path for BAPI and BAdI: Financial Accounting (New)→ GeneralLedger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ External Plan Data Transfer -> ...



Exercise 6: Planning

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Enter and analyze plan data in FI� ... In an optional section you can also test CO->FI integrated planning

Business ExampleHow will planning be conducted in profit centers (or segments) if Profit CenterAccounting is to be mapped in the new G/L?

Task 1:Planning (in FI): In this exercise, you want to test whether you can enter plannedvalues in the FI profit center, and later, optionally, whether plan values from COappear in the new general ledger in FI.

1. To do this, you must first check the following in Customizing:


Check whether there is a plan version, for which at least manual planning isallowed, for the leading ledger. Make a note of this plan version.

If no version exists, please notify your course instructor.

Hint: In the previous system demonstration, your trainer installedthe totals table FAGLFLEXT (for planning) and imported therequired system layout (from client 000) so that you do not have toexecute these Customizing activities.

2. Now try to enter plan values for your profit center PC##manually from theFI application in the relevant plan version.

When you (first) call the planning transaction GP12N, a planner profile isrequired: Enter the planner profile SAPFAGL and save this entry in youruser master.

During the (first) call, the system still requests the summary table in whichyour plan data is to be saved. Enter the summary table of the new generalledger � FAGLFLEXT.




Now you can enter the plan data: Plan EUR 3,000, for example, for theSpare Parts account (account 404000) and the profit center PC## in thecurrent month.

You can use the first planning layout 0FAGL�01 for this. Fill all fields(including the [Account number] to field) in the entry screen in accordancewith the exercise requirements listed above and the choose Overview Screen(F5 button).

Enter the plan amount and then save.

3. Now check a plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance) to seewhether your plan values have been transferred to the profit center PC##.Enter the following data in the selection screen of the drilldown:

Currency Type: 10Company Code: AA##Ledger: 0LControlling Area: 1000FIS Annual Rep.Struc: INTPlan Version: The plan version in which the plan data was

enteredFiscal year: Current fiscal yearFrom period: Current periodTo period: Current periodOutput type: You can choose � graphical or classic

Note: This exercise and solutions are based on the classic outputtype.






Start the drilldown. Immediately, without you having to navigate, theplanned values should be displayed in the structure. To see for which profitcenter the plan data was entered, you must navigate a few steps further.

Hint: The drilldown that you have just called, the plan drilldownPC group: plan/actual/variance, is available only if you areworking with Enhancement Package 03 (EhP 3). This applies toall drilldowns that are in the information system of the new G/L inthe application nodes for the reports for the profit center accountingand the reports for the segment reporting procedure. If you are notworking with EhP 3 (and the business function FIN_GL_CI_1),these two nodes are not even proposed in your Easy Access menu.

4. Try to call the plan line items for your planning process. Does this work?

5. Since you have not saved any plan line items, you now want to do so.

To do this, go to Customizing for the new G/L planning and activate theupdate of plan line items for the leading ledger, the plan version that youare using, your company code AA## and the current fiscal year.

In this exercise, you do not want to save or enter an opening balance of theplan data that has already been entered.

Caution: The indicator for updating plan line items is set in thefiscal year-dependent version parameters for your company codeAA## and you can check it there after you have completed thisexercise step. Setting the indicator works even though you have notmaintained an entry in the fiscal year-dependent version parameters.Explanation:During the (first) manual planning in your companycode (exercise step 2), this entry is generated automatically.

6. Now you also need a planning document type. This is already defined inthe training system � you should use the planning document type PO.

However, you also need a number range (interval) to supply the plan lineitems. If you forget the configuration of the number range, the system issuesthe following message later in the planning transaction: The number rangeinterval 01 does not exist for the object FAGL_PL_LC AA05.

Therefore, create the following number range interval for your companycode AA##:




Year: Current fiscal yearFrom Number: 0100000000To Number: 0199999999External numberassignment:

No

Since maintaining the interval takes a long time getting used to, here issome help:

=> Enter using group maintenance: Pencil and Groups pushbutton

=> Choose the Maintain pushbutton (pencil icon)

=> Enter the your company code AA##.

=> In the screen that now appears, you can add an interval � Insert Intervalpushbutton.

=> Maintain your new number range interval as described previously inthe exercise.

Save your data.

7. Now try to enter planned values for your profit center PC## manually fromthe FI application again: Plan EUR 2,000, for example, for the PurchasedServices account (account 417000) and the profit center PC## in the currentmonth.

You can use the first planning layout 0FAGL-01. Fill all fields in the entryscreen according to the exercise requirements described above and thenchoose Overview Screen (F5).

Enter the plan amount and then save. The system must now display thefollowing information in the status line: Plan data is posted to the ledger 0Lwith the document number 100000000..

8. Now check again in the plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance) tosee whether your plan values have been transferred to the profit center PC##.




Start your drilldown with the selections of your variant VAR## and checkyour planned values by navigating accordingly.

Hint: If you have not saved a variant, use the following selections:

Currency Type: 10Company Code: AA##Ledger: 0LControlling Area: 1000FIS AnnualRep.Struc:

INT

Plan Version: The plan version in which the plan datawas entered

Fiscal year: Current fiscal yearFrom period: Current periodTo period: Current periodOutput type: You can choose � graphical or classic

9. Can you now go from the drilldown to a plan line item?

Task 2:Optional:Integrated planning with CO

1. To ensure integrated planning exercise runs smoothly, we recommend thatthere is a planning version 0 with the following settings in the trainingsystem:

Ledger: 0LVersion: 0Manual Planning: XIntegrated Planning: XVersion Description: FI plan version 0 (or similar)

Hint: If there is no plan version 0, please inform your instructor.

From the controlling application, start the cost center planning transaction(cost and activity inputs).




When the system prompts you, enter the CO planner profile SAPALL.

We recommend that you work with the CO planning layout 1-101 and enterthe plan data for your cost center T-F05A## as follows:

Plan Version: 0Planning period: Current period/current yearCost Element: Direct labor costs (420000)

Using the Overview Screen button (F5), you navigate to the change mode ofCO planning. Enter a planned cost fixed amount (this can be any amountyou choose).

Save your CO plan data.

2. Since the profit center PC## must be defined in the master data for the costcenter T-F05A##, during correct CO-FI integrated planning, the CO plannedvalue must also be displayed in the profit center PC## in FI.

Check again in the plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance).

Start your drilldown with the selections of your variant VAR## and check theplanned values for your profit center PC## by navigating accordingly.

3. In the FI plan drilldown called, (this is available as of EhP 3), you can alsonavigate according to the CO cost types or navigate to various CO (plan)reports.

You can go from the FI plan line items to the CO plan line items (bydouble-clicking).



Solution 6: PlanningTask 1:Planning (in FI): In this exercise, you want to test whether you can enter plannedvalues in the FI profit center, and later, optionally, whether plan values from COappear in the new general ledger in FI.

1. To do this, you must first check the following in Customizing:


Check whether there is a plan version, for which at least manual planning isallowed, for the leading ledger. Make a note of this plan version.

If no version exists, please notify your course instructor.

Hint: In the previous system demonstration, your trainer installedthe totals table FAGLFLEXT (for planning) and imported therequired system layout (from client 000) so that you do not have toexecute these Customizing activities.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Planning→ Plan Versions→ Define PlanVersions

2. Now try to enter plan values for your profit center PC##manually from theFI application in the relevant plan version.

When you (first) call the planning transaction GP12N, a planner profile isrequired: Enter the planner profile SAPFAGL and save this entry in youruser master.

During the (first) call, the system still requests the summary table in whichyour plan data is to be saved. Enter the summary table of the new generalledger � FAGLFLEXT.

Now you can enter the plan data: Plan EUR 3,000, for example, for theSpare Parts account (account 404000) and the profit center PC## in thecurrent month.

You can use the first planning layout 0FAGL�01 for this. Fill all fields(including the [Account number] to field) in the entry screen in accordancewith the exercise requirements listed above and the choose Overview Screen(F5 button).




Enter the plan amount and then save.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Planning→ Planned Values→ Enter (New)

3. Now check a plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance) to seewhether your plan values have been transferred to the profit center PC##.Enter the following data in the selection screen of the drilldown:

Currency Type: 10Company Code: AA##Ledger: 0LControlling Area: 1000FIS Annual Rep.Struc: INTPlan Version: The plan version in which the plan data was

enteredFiscal year: Current fiscal yearFrom period: Current periodTo period: Current periodOutput type: You can choose � graphical or classic

Note: This exercise and solutions are based on the classic outputtype.






Start the drilldown. Immediately, without you having to navigate, theplanned values should be displayed in the structure. To see for which profitcenter the plan data was entered, you must navigate a few steps further.

Hint: The drilldown that you have just called, the plan drilldownPC group: plan/actual/variance, is available only if you areworking with Enhancement Package 03 (EhP 3). This applies toall drilldowns that are in the information system of the new G/L inthe application nodes for the reports for the profit center accountingand the reports for the segment reporting procedure. If you are notworking with EhP 3 (and the business function FIN_GL_CI_1),these two nodes are not even proposed in your Easy Access menu.

a) Application: Accounting → Financial Accounting→ GeneralLedger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports (New)→ Reports for Profit Center Accounting→ Profit Center Group:Plan/Actual/Variance

b) Saving drilldowns as a variant: In the drilldown selection screen,follow the menu path Goto→ Variants→ Save As Variant�

c) Navigation:To do this, click the blue bar with the text FS Item/Accounton the left-hand side of the screen, and then select the navigationcharacteristic Profit Center on the top left-hand side of the screen.The output screen changes.

Now select the row with your profit center PC## at the left and clickthe navigation characteristic Account Number.

4. Try to call the plan line items for your planning process. Does this work?

a) Click the plan value in the Plan column and choose Goto→ Callreport... from the menu bar.

b) In the dialog box that appears, choose the line / report Plan Line ItemsFI.

c) Result:The system does not display a plan line item because no planline items exist.

5. Since you have not saved any plan line items, you now want to do so.

To do this, go to Customizing for the new G/L planning and activate theupdate of plan line items for the leading ledger, the plan version that youare using, your company code AA## and the current fiscal year.

In this exercise, you do not want to save or enter an opening balance of theplan data that has already been entered.




Caution: The indicator for updating plan line items is set in thefiscal year-dependent version parameters for your company codeAA## and you can check it there after you have completed thisexercise step. Setting the indicator works even though you have notmaintained an entry in the fiscal year-dependent version parameters.Explanation:During the (first) manual planning in your companycode (exercise step 2), this entry is generated automatically.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → GeneralLedger Accounting (New) → Planning → Plan Versions →Fiscal-Year-Dependent Version Parameters→ Activate Line Itemsfor Planning

6. Now you also need a planning document type. This is already defined inthe training system � you should use the planning document type PO.

However, you also need a number range (interval) to supply the plan lineitems. If you forget the configuration of the number range, the system issuesthe following message later in the planning transaction: The number rangeinterval 01 does not exist for the object FAGL_PL_LC AA05.

Therefore, create the following number range interval for your companycode AA##:

Year: Current fiscal yearFrom Number: 0100000000To Number: 0199999999External numberassignment:

No

Since maintaining the interval takes a long time getting used to, here issome help:

=> Enter using group maintenance: Pencil and Groups pushbutton

=> Choose the Maintain pushbutton (pencil icon)

=> Enter the your company code AA##.

=> In the screen that now appears, you can add an interval � Insert Intervalpushbutton.

=> Maintain your new number range interval as described previously inthe exercise.




Save your data.

a) Check the planning document type: Customizing: FinancialAccounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Define Document Types for Planning

b) Maintain number range intervals: Customizing: FinancialAccounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Planning→ Define Number Ranges for Plan Documents => Proceed as describedin the exercise...

7. Now try to enter planned values for your profit center PC## manually fromthe FI application again: Plan EUR 2,000, for example, for the PurchasedServices account (account 417000) and the profit center PC## in the currentmonth.

You can use the first planning layout 0FAGL-01. Fill all fields in the entryscreen according to the exercise requirements described above and thenchoose Overview Screen (F5).

Enter the plan amount and then save. The system must now display thefollowing information in the status line: Plan data is posted to the ledger 0Lwith the document number 100000000..

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Planning→ Planned Values→ Enter (New)

8. Now check again in the plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance) tosee whether your plan values have been transferred to the profit center PC##.




Start your drilldown with the selections of your variant VAR## and checkyour planned values by navigating accordingly.

Hint: If you have not saved a variant, use the following selections:

Currency Type: 10Company Code: AA##Ledger: 0LControlling Area: 1000FIS AnnualRep.Struc:

INT

Plan Version: The plan version in which the plan datawas entered

Fiscal year: Current fiscal yearFrom period: Current periodTo period: Current periodOutput type: You can choose � graphical or classic

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting → GeneralLedger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports (New)→ Reports for Profit Center Accounting→ Profit Center Group:Plan/Actual/Variance


9. Can you now go from the drilldown to a plan line item?


b) In the dialog box that appears, choose the line / report Plan Line ItemsFI.

c) Result:The system displays a plan line item.

Task 2:Optional:Integrated planning with CO

1. To ensure integrated planning exercise runs smoothly, we recommend thatthere is a planning version 0 with the following settings in the trainingsystem:




Ledger: 0LVersion: 0Manual Planning: XIntegrated Planning: XVersion Description: FI plan version 0 (or similar)

Hint: If there is no plan version 0, please inform your instructor.

From the controlling application, start the cost center planning transaction(cost and activity inputs).

When the system prompts you, enter the CO planner profile SAPALL.

We recommend that you work with the CO planning layout 1-101 and enterthe plan data for your cost center T-F05A## as follows:

Plan Version: 0Planning period: Current period/current yearCost Element: Direct labor costs (420000)

Using the Overview Screen button (F5), you navigate to the change mode ofCO planning. Enter a planned cost fixed amount (this can be any amountyou choose).

Save your CO plan data.

a) Application: Accounting→ Controlling→ Cost Center Accounting→Planning→ Cost and Activity Inputs→ Change

2. Since the profit center PC## must be defined in the master data for the costcenter T-F05A##, during correct CO-FI integrated planning, the CO plannedvalue must also be displayed in the profit center PC## in FI.

Check again in the plan drilldown (PC group: plan/actual/variance).

Start your drilldown with the selections of your variant VAR## and check theplanned values for your profit center PC## by navigating accordingly.

a) Application: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Information System→General Ledger Reports (New)→ Reports forProfit Center Accounting→ Profit Center Group Plan/Actual/Variance





3. In the FI plan drilldown called, (this is available as of EhP 3), you can alsonavigate according to the CO cost types or navigate to various CO (plan)reports.

You can go from the FI plan line items to the CO plan line items (bydouble-clicking).


Now select the corresponding row / report in the dialog box thatappears.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Describe various planning options� ... Understand the integrated planning of the new G/L with CO


Unit Summary AC210

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Enter postings in accounts payable, accounts receivable, and asset

accounting� ... Perform post-capitalization of cash discounts for assets in real-time,

thanks to document splitting� ... Understand how follow-up costs can be distributed in CO online and

decide whether this method would be good for your company� ... Configure and use the real-time integration of Controlling with Financial

Accounting, and understand its meaning� ... Understand the meaning of a third period interval within the FI posting

period maintenance� ... Recognize that applications related to FI are also �linked� with new

general ledger accounting.� ... Perform allocations in FI� ... Understand you must make a decision about �where� profit center

accounting is supposed to be mapped� ... Describe various planning options� ... Understand the integrated planning of the new G/L with CO


AC210 Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge


Test Your Knowledge AC210

Answers


Unit 5Selected Periodic Processing

Unit Overview


� ... Analyze and name the periodic tasks that will be no longer necessarywhen you use the new general ledger

� ... Configure and run a foreign currency valuation� ... Execute the depreciation run

Unit ContentsLesson: (Selected) Periodic Processing ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Exercise 7: Foreign Currency Valuation (of Customer Receivables) 195


Unit 5: Selected Periodic Processing AC210

Lesson: (Selected) Periodic Processing

Lesson Overview� Using New General Ledger Accounting to accelerate period-end closing� Foreign currency valuation (program FAGL_FC_VALUATION)


� ... Analyze and name the periodic tasks that will be no longer necessarywhen you use the new general ledger

� ... Configure and run a foreign currency valuation� ... Execute the depreciation run

Business ExampleAs you saw repeatedly in the Integration unit, using the new general ledger cansave you from performing many periodic closing and reconciliation operations,because the system performs them in real time. This accelerates period-endclosing.


AC210 Lesson: (Selected) Periodic Processing

Figure 72: Faster Period-End Closing

Hint: Examples of periodic processing tasks that have not beendiscontinued but that have been changed slightly as a result of the new�ledger logic� or that are based on new programs and that are not shownexplicitly in AC210 are:

� Balance carryforward (in FI)� Reclassification / sorting of receivables and payables� Flat-rate individual value adjustment



Figure 73: FC Valuation � program FAGL_FC_VALUATION (1)

To start the adjustment posting, call the programFAGL_FC_VALUATION in SAPERP (new G/L must be active).

After you activate the new general ledger, you can no longer execute the oldprogram, SAPF100.

In the SAP Easy Access Menu, you can find the new program in several places, forexample, in accounts payable accounting under: Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Valuate→ Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New).

Note: The transfer of the profit center and segment in the vendor and taxline items shows that document splitting is active for the posting shownin the example.




You can find the relevant Customizing paths under: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ ...

The valuation areas to define should not be confused with the depreciation areas inAsset Accounting (FI-AA). These are original FI valuation areas.

Hint: These valuation areas will be / are used if you want to modelparallel accounting principles in the SAP system. If you only need thelocal valuation approach, as is assumed in this unit, then you will onlyhave to define one valuation area. You can select the ID and name freely.Suggestion: LO � local valuation area

* Outlook:The Parallel Financial Accounting unit in AC210 provides informationabout mapping multiple valuation approaches.




To create a posting, the expense and correction accounts have to be definedfirst in the system: Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ Foreign CurrencyValuation→ Prepare Automatic Postings for Foreign Currency Valuation =>Transaction Exchange Rate Dif.: Open Items/GL Acct => select the settings foraccount 160000 of chart of accounts INT, for example.

Hint: Although the foreign currency valuation programFAGL_FC_VALUATION requires a valuation area, a blank entry for thevaluation area is sufficient in account maintenance � that is, you definethe accounts without a valuation area. For more information, see the topicLedger Approach in the New G/L.

The FI entities from the original vendor invoice / open items are transferred inthe FC valuation documents if document splitting is active.

Caution: If splitting is not active, the accounts are only supplied with thecorresponding values without attributes; the FI entities are not transferredin the correction and / or valuation posting.

You can see this as even (just ) one P&L consideration for eachcharacteristic (for example, for each profit center) would not be 100%complete without document splitting.



If the above example involved an original vendor invoice with various expenseline items and different characteristic value assignments, the correction documentwould also be split, if splitting were active.

Hint: * If you want to or have to avoid reset documents / reversaldocuments (during OI valuation), you must make additionalconfigurations. See next graphic.


Caution: The (system) prerequisites shown in the graphic must alreadybe met when the vendor invoice is posted (in a foreign currency).

International context:The revenue account from currency valuation can also bedefined as a cost element. In this case, negative costs would be posted to thecorresponding CO object after a currency-related reduction of the payable.

You can navigate from the line items of the CO report to the posted CO document,and from there back to the FI document.



Figure 77: FC Valuation in the New G/L with Delta Posting Logic

A delta valuation area is defined in Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→Activate Delta Logic.

Note: You can also start the functions directly in the viewV_FAGL_FCV_DELTA.

For more information about this, see Notes 960661 and 1006684. These notesprovide information about the Support Packages that provide the delta logic in thedifferent ERP releases.

Hint: * In some countries, a cancellation posting takes place the followingmonth. During a valuation run at the end of the fiscal year, this means anadjustment posting in another fiscal year, which is not allowed.



Figure 78: FC Valuation: Delta Posting Logic

The valuation differences are stored in the table FAGL_BSBW_HISTRY.

Notes 960661 and 1006684 provide more information about this topic.



Figure 79: FC Valuation: Delta Posting Logic (2)

Hint: You can set an additional indicator in the same Customizingtransaction: The indicator for using the clearing date as the reversaldate.

Why might you set this indicator?

Note: Please read the following explanation again once the ParallelAccounting unit has been discussed.

In new G/L, when clearing a document in a foreign currency (in the exampleshown in AC210 this is clearing of a vendor invoice), in contrast to classicG/L accounting it is not possible to enter the actual realized exchange ratedifference immediately. The reason for this is that the clearing document isentered in all ledgers of new G/L. The exchange rate difference to be realized may(often) be different in different ledgers. As a result, for clearing documents withforeign currency in the new G/L, the difference amount between the originalinvoice date and the clearing date is always displayed/posted as the realizedexchange rate difference.

The correct, realized exchange rate difference is then determined for eachvaluation area (first) during the next FC valuation run (from the differenceamounts recorded in the table FAGL_BSBW_HISTRY and the actual exchange rateon the clearing date) and posted against the realized exchange rate already entered.



This (second) posting initially has the date of the valuation run, usually the end ofthe month, as the posting date. You can set the indicator for using the clearingdate as the reversal date to ensure that the posting date of the (correction)valuation run is the clearing date of the valuated item.

However:The clearing date should only be used for the reversal posting if this isabsolutely necessary because the program cannot ensure that the period to be usedis open. If the period is closed, the system issues an error message and the postingis not carried out, rather it is saved in a batch input session.

Figure 80: Program RAPOST2000 (and RAPOST2010)

The RAPOST2000 program posts depreciation for Asset Accounting in ReleaseR/3 4.7 and onwards. This program is the successor to program RABUCH00.

Note: The main difference between RAPOST2000 and RABUCH00is that the newer depreciation posting program no longer uses batchprocessing, but instead posts depreciation to the general ledger accountsin FI immediately during the program run.

Another interesting question is whether and how the FI attributes (such as thesegment) are passed on in the depreciation posting documents.



Figure 81: Settings for the Depreciation Posting Run

About account assignment types:

� Depreciation area 20 must have account assignment type depreciationposting run if area 20 is the area for posting the cost-accounting values(depreciation/interest) to Controlling. In this case, the cost-accountingdepreciation account is defined as a cost element, and requires a CO-relevantaccount assignment during the depreciation posting run. However, thisaccount can only be selected if the corresponding CO object (such as costcenter, order, or WBS element) is linked with the account assignment typedepreciation posting run.

� Valuation area 01 records book depreciation. The system requires theaccount assignment type depreciation posting run for area 01 even if thedepreciation expense account is not defined as a cost element, which meansthese values are only posted in FI. This is the only way for the system toderive the profit center and then (possibly) the segment from the CO objectfor the book depreciation document.

Hint: Only the actual amount posted to an account that is also definedas a (primary) cost element actually ends up in Controlling � bothdepreciation amounts end up in the leading ledger.



As soon as the document split is activated, the depreciation documents also haveto meet the document split criteria, which means the corresponding accountshave to be defined as item categories.

� Depreciation expense accounts, such as ordinary depreciation or unplanneddepreciation.

� Cost-accounting expense accounts such as depreciation expenses or interestexpenses.

� Clearing accounts for cost-accounting expenses.� Note: Accumulated depreciation accounts are already defined as item

category Asset.

Note: FI-AA already takes care of the split at attribute level fordepreciation documents.



Exercise 7: Foreign Currency Valuation(of Customer Receivables)

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Understand and start the program for foreign currency valuation

Business ExampleYou will only run the local valuation in this unit; you will add an internationalvaluation in the following unit.

Task:Foreign Currency Valuation (of Customer Receivables)

Hint: Task 1. You only need to conduct this exercise if you have notalready created customer 210## in the optional exercise in the DocumentSplitting exercise or in the exercise on allocation.

1. Create a customer 210## in your company code AA##.

You can use customer 1000 in company code 1000 as a template. Do notmodify the input field Account group.


2. Now enter a customer invoice (in USD) for your customer 210## for theamount of $5,000.00.

This means you are creating an invoice for a (major) international customerin their currency. Also assume that the USD exchange rate was 0.83333 onthe posting date. This corresponds to a EUR exchange rate of 1.20 (1 dividedby 1.20 is 0.8333) Accordingly, the Euro is strong compared to the dollar, oralternatively: The dollar is relatively weak.

Enter the following data in the posting transaction:

Customer: 210##Invoice date: 07.07.Last yearReference: 1##Posting Date: 17.07.Last year




Amount: 5.000,�Currency: USDIndicator Calculate tax: Set

Hint: To simplify things, enter the document without taxes (taxcode A0).

Enter the values and switch to the Local currency tab.

Check the (current) exchange rate (taken from table TCURR) and change itmanually to /1.2 or 0.83333, in line with the assumptions made above.

Hint: This process is very simple if you use the F4 help for theExchange rate field, and then maintain the following entry:

1 EUR = 1.20000 X 1 USD

... And then apply the exchange rate with the F8 button.

=> See the notes specified below.

Hint: You can press Enter to skip any warning messages due tovalues that differ from the table exchange rate.

Hint: Tip:If the Exchange rate field is not (or no longer) ready forinput, you can specify the Euro-denominated amount of 4,166.67 inthe Amount in LC field on the same tab page.

You are now missing the revenue account / credit item for the posting: EnterG/L account 800200 in the lower section of the input screen and enter �*� tocopy the amount of $5,000.00. As you also want / have to assign a segmentaccount for the posting, enter the profit center you created � PC## � in thecorresponding field.


3. Display the document again from the posting transaction. The profit centerand the segment are passed on to the receivable line item in the generalledger view. You can choose the Display Currency pushbutton to display theamounts in Euros and U.S. dollars.

4. Now enter a second invoice for the same customer. We now assume,however, that the invoice is posted later, at a time when the dollar is relativelystrong (compared to the Euro) � use a EUR exchange rate of 0.80.




=> This means a relatively strong USD exchange rate of 1.25 for this postingsince 1 divided by 0.8 is 1.25.

The procedure is otherwise exactly the same as for the second task step.Use the following data:

Customer: 210##Invoice date: 08.01. of the current yearReference: 2##Posting Date: 10.01. of the current yearAmount: 4.000,�Currency: USDIndicator Calculate tax: Set

Note: To simplify things, enter the document without taxes again(tax code A0).

Enter the values and switch to the Local currency tab. Change the displayedexchange rate manually to /0.8 or 1.25, in line with the above assumption.

This process is very simple if you use the F4 help for the Exchange rate field,and then maintain the following entry:

1 EUR = 0.80000 X 1 USD

And then apply the exchange rate with the F8 button.

Caution: You can choose Enter to skip any warning messages dueto values that differ from the table exchange rate.

Hint: If the Exchange rate field is not ready for input, you canspecify the Euro amount of 5,000 in the Amount in LC field on thesame tab page.

You are now missing the revenue account / credit item for the posting:Enter G/L account 800200 in the lower part of the entry screen and enter�*� to copy the amount of USD 4,000. Because you also want / have toassign a segment account for the posting, enter profit center 1000 in thecorresponding field.


5. Now start a customer line item list for your customer 210## to displaythe posted open customer invoices.




Optional:If you desire, you can change the layout (of the results list) todisplay the effective exchange rate (technical field name: 1-KURSE) and thereference field (technical field name: 1-XBLNR) if these are not alreadydisplayed.

Save your user-specific layout, L##, with name Layout Gr. ##.

6. You now have to configure the system for foreign currency valuation. Youfirst maintain / check the accounts you want to post to. Start the appropriateCustomizing transaction and perform the following activities:

=> Select transaction KDF

=> Select chart of accounts INT

=> G/L/reconciliation account 140000 (trade receivables)

=> Take a look at the logical field group Valuation and check whether thefollowing accounts are already stored:

Expense account: Account 230 011Revenue account: Account 280 010Balance sheet adjustmentaccount:

Account 140 099


Note: If you had to valuate foreign currency payables as well, youwould also assign expense, revenue, and adjustment accounts to thepayables account (for example, 160000).

7. Since document splitting has been activated for your company code, AA##,the expense, revenue, and correction accounts have to be defined as itemcategories for the foreign currency valuation. Check whether the entries230010, 230011, 280010 and 140099 already exist for chart of accounts INT.If this is not the case, please notify your course instructor.


8. To start the (new) foreign currency valuation run later, a valuation areamust be passed on in SAP ERP � regardless of whether or not differentvaluation approaches are needed for parallel financial accounting.




Caution: The valuation area you define now has nothing to dowith depreciation areas in Asset Accounting; it is a valuation areathat is defined in FI.

Create a separate valuation area in FI Customizing. The ID of the newvaluation area should have two letters. The first letter of every group is �L�.

This L stands for local in this example. Select the second letter for yourgroup from the following table:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

Examples:

Group 1 receives the letter A: The valuation area is therefore called LA.

Group 5 receives the letter 5: The valuation area is therefore called LE andso on.

Enter the following data for the new valuation area:

Area: L# (=> # stands for the second letter fromthe above table)

Valuation method: Leave blank for nowCrcy type: Company code currencyAdd.curr. Leave blankFS Vers Leave blank or enter INTLongText: Local valuation area group ##

9. Also create a valuation method in Customizing. You will need it to definehow a run is to be valuated. Name your new valuation method L## anddefine it as follows:

Description: Local valuation for average rate, group ##Valuation Procedure: Lowest Value PrincipleDocument Type: SAExchRate Type forDebit/Credit Bal: M for both (=> M = average rate)




10. You assign the new valuation method L## (retrospectively) to your newvaluation area L# from task step 8.

Hint: Prior to SAP ERP, the valuation method was not entered inthe application until the actual run. This is no longer possible inNew General Ledger Accounting.

11. You have now configured all the settings for the actual foreign currencyvaluation, provided you only need to comply with one accounting principleand only want to valuate open items (as is assumed for this set of exercises).

Start the valuation run, for example from the accounts receivable accountingapplication. As you will see in the SAP Easy Access menu, when NewGeneral Ledger Accounting is activated, you can no longer start the oldvaluation program SAPF100 (Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items).You have to use the option Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New).This is program FAGL_FC_VALUATION.

You can start with a test run and continue with the production run.

Enter the following data in the selection screen for the program:

Company Code: AA##Valuation Key Date: Last day of the previous month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January, useJanuary 31 of this year as the key date.

Valuation Area: L#Create Postings indicator Do not set until after a test run, when you

start the production run.

Hint: You do not need to specify a folder name, as you will notuse a folder.

The program now needs to know which �objects� will be processed,regardless of whether this is a test or production run.

Open tab page Open Items:

Set the Valuate Customer Open Items checkbox.

You can now start the program.




Starting in the results list, you can navigate to the simulated postings (after atest run) or to the actual postings (after a production run).

Remain in the results list of the valuation run.

Hint: Because this run is �local�, using the lowest value principle,only the open item is valuated; as of the key date, it no longer hasa value of � 5,000.00, but instead � 4,000.00. In the example, thisshould be the second item � the document entered in the currentyear.

12. When you examine the valuation or correction document after the productionrun, you will see that the segment from the original customer invoice hasbeen passed through to the documents from the valuation run. In theexample, this should be segment SEGB. If your documents have a differentsegment, don�t worry � you probably entered a different cost center for yourposting than the one specified in the exercise.

13. Theoretical question:In the specified system configuration, a new valuationrun always creates a reset document on the first of the following month.How can you change this system behavior?

14. Configure the system so that your FI valuation area L# is a valuation areathat uses �delta logic�.

15. Then start the foreign currency valuation program in the test run againwith the following settings:

Company Code: AA##Valuation Key Date: Last day of the current month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January,use February 28 of this year as the key date (in a leap year, useFebruary 29).




Valuation Area: L#Create Postings indicator: Do not set initially



Set the Valuate Customer Open Item checkbox.


16. (During an update run), check whether only one posting is carried out and,as a result, the cancellation posting is not made.



Solution 7: Foreign Currency Valuation (ofCustomer Receivables)Task:Foreign Currency Valuation (of Customer Receivables)

Hint: Task 1. You only need to conduct this exercise if you have notalready created customer 210## in the optional exercise in the DocumentSplitting exercise or in the exercise on allocation.

1. Create a customer 210## in your company code AA##.

You can use customer 1000 in company code 1000 as a template. Do notmodify the input field Account group.



b)

2. Now enter a customer invoice (in USD) for your customer 210## for theamount of $5,000.00.

This means you are creating an invoice for a (major) international customerin their currency. Also assume that the USD exchange rate was 0.83333 onthe posting date. This corresponds to a EUR exchange rate of 1.20 (1 dividedby 1.20 is 0.8333) Accordingly, the Euro is strong compared to the dollar, oralternatively: The dollar is relatively weak.

Enter the following data in the posting transaction:

Customer: 210##Invoice date: 07.07.Last yearReference: 1##Posting Date: 17.07.Last year




Amount: 5.000,�Currency: USDIndicator Calculate tax: Set

Hint: To simplify things, enter the document without taxes (taxcode A0).

Enter the values and switch to the Local currency tab.

Check the (current) exchange rate (taken from table TCURR) and change itmanually to /1.2 or 0.83333, in line with the assumptions made above.

Hint: This process is very simple if you use the F4 help for theExchange rate field, and then maintain the following entry:

1 EUR = 1.20000 X 1 USD

... And then apply the exchange rate with the F8 button.

=> See the notes specified below.

Hint: You can press Enter to skip any warning messages due tovalues that differ from the table exchange rate.

Hint: Tip:If the Exchange rate field is not (or no longer) ready forinput, you can specify the Euro-denominated amount of 4,166.67 inthe Amount in LC field on the same tab page.

You are now missing the revenue account / credit item for the posting: EnterG/L account 800200 in the lower section of the input screen and enter �*� tocopy the amount of $5,000.00. As you also want / have to assign a segmentaccount for the posting, enter the profit center you created � PC## � in thecorresponding field.


a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Document Entry→ Invoice




3. Display the document again from the posting transaction. The profit centerand the segment are passed on to the receivable line item in the generalledger view. You can choose the Display Currency pushbutton to display theamounts in Euros and U.S. dollars.


Choose Document→ Display from the menu.

4. Now enter a second invoice for the same customer. We now assume,however, that the invoice is posted later, at a time when the dollar is relativelystrong (compared to the Euro) � use a EUR exchange rate of 0.80.

=> This means a relatively strong USD exchange rate of 1.25 for this postingsince 1 divided by 0.8 is 1.25.

The procedure is otherwise exactly the same as for the second task step.Use the following data:

Customer: 210##Invoice date: 08.01. of the current yearReference: 2##Posting Date: 10.01. of the current yearAmount: 4.000,�Currency: USDIndicator Calculate tax: Set

Note: To simplify things, enter the document without taxes again(tax code A0).

Enter the values and switch to the Local currency tab. Change the displayedexchange rate manually to /0.8 or 1.25, in line with the above assumption.

This process is very simple if you use the F4 help for the Exchange rate field,and then maintain the following entry:

1 EUR = 0.80000 X 1 USD

And then apply the exchange rate with the F8 button.




Caution: You can choose Enter to skip any warning messages dueto values that differ from the table exchange rate.

Hint: If the Exchange rate field is not ready for input, you canspecify the Euro amount of 5,000 in the Amount in LC field on thesame tab page.

You are now missing the revenue account / credit item for the posting:Enter G/L account 800200 in the lower part of the entry screen and enter�*� to copy the amount of USD 4,000. Because you also want / have toassign a segment account for the posting, enter profit center 1000 in thecorresponding field.



5. Now start a customer line item list for your customer 210## to displaythe posted open customer invoices.

Optional:If you desire, you can change the layout (of the results list) todisplay the effective exchange rate (technical field name: 1-KURSE) and thereference field (technical field name: 1-XBLNR) if these are not alreadydisplayed.

Save your user-specific layout, L##, with name Layout Gr. ##.

a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Account→ Display/Change Line Items

b) Enter your customer 210## and your company code AA##, and run theprogram to display the open items as of today�s date: Menu Program→ Execute.

6. You now have to configure the system for foreign currency valuation. Youfirst maintain / check the accounts you want to post to. Start the appropriateCustomizing transaction and perform the following activities:

=> Select transaction KDF

=> Select chart of accounts INT

=> G/L/reconciliation account 140000 (trade receivables)

=> Take a look at the logical field group Valuation and check whether thefollowing accounts are already stored:




Expense account: Account 230 011Revenue account: Account 280 010Balance sheet adjustmentaccount:

Account 140 099


Note: If you had to valuate foreign currency payables as well, youwould also assign expense, revenue, and adjustment accounts to thepayables account (for example, 160000).

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ ForeignCurrency Valuation→ Prepare Automatic Postings for ForeignCurrency Valuation

b) Go through the same procedure as described for the task.

7. Since document splitting has been activated for your company code, AA##,the expense, revenue, and correction accounts have to be defined as itemcategories for the foreign currency valuation. Check whether the entries230010, 230011, 280010 and 140099 already exist for chart of accounts INT.If this is not the case, please notify your course instructor.


a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting

8. To start the (new) foreign currency valuation run later, a valuation areamust be passed on in SAP ERP � regardless of whether or not differentvaluation approaches are needed for parallel financial accounting.

Caution: The valuation area you define now has nothing to dowith depreciation areas in Asset Accounting; it is a valuation areathat is defined in FI.

Create a separate valuation area in FI Customizing. The ID of the newvaluation area should have two letters. The first letter of every group is �L�.




This L stands for local in this example. Select the second letter for yourgroup from the following table:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

Examples:

Group 1 receives the letter A: The valuation area is therefore called LA.

Group 5 receives the letter 5: The valuation area is therefore called LE andso on.

Enter the following data for the new valuation area:

Area: L# (=> # stands for the second letter fromthe above table)

Valuation method: Leave blank for nowCrcy type: Company code currencyAdd.curr. Leave blankFS Vers Leave blank or enter INTLongText: Local valuation area group ##

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Areas

9. Also create a valuation method in Customizing. You will need it to definehow a run is to be valuated. Name your new valuation method L## anddefine it as follows:

Description: Local valuation for average rate, group ##Valuation Procedure: Lowest Value PrincipleDocument Type: SAExchRate Type forDebit/Credit Bal: M for both (=> M = average rate)

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Methods




10. You assign the new valuation method L## (retrospectively) to your newvaluation area L# from task step 8.

Hint: Prior to SAP ERP, the valuation method was not entered inthe application until the actual run. This is no longer possible inNew General Ledger Accounting.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Areas

11. You have now configured all the settings for the actual foreign currencyvaluation, provided you only need to comply with one accounting principleand only want to valuate open items (as is assumed for this set of exercises).

Start the valuation run, for example from the accounts receivable accountingapplication. As you will see in the SAP Easy Access menu, when NewGeneral Ledger Accounting is activated, you can no longer start the oldvaluation program SAPF100 (Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items).You have to use the option Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New).This is program FAGL_FC_VALUATION.

You can start with a test run and continue with the production run.

Enter the following data in the selection screen for the program:

Company Code: AA##Valuation Key Date: Last day of the previous month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January, useJanuary 31 of this year as the key date.

Valuation Area: L#Create Postings indicator Do not set until after a test run, when you

start the production run.


The program now needs to know which �objects� will be processed,regardless of whether this is a test or production run.


Set the Valuate Customer Open Items checkbox.Continued on next page




Starting in the results list, you can navigate to the simulated postings (after atest run) or to the actual postings (after a production run).

Remain in the results list of the valuation run.

Hint: Because this run is �local�, using the lowest value principle,only the open item is valuated; as of the key date, it no longer hasa value of � 5,000.00, but instead � 4,000.00. In the example, thisshould be the second item � the document entered in the currentyear.

a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Valuate→Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New)

12. When you examine the valuation or correction document after the productionrun, you will see that the segment from the original customer invoice hasbeen passed through to the documents from the valuation run. In theexample, this should be segment SEGB. If your documents have a differentsegment, don�t worry � you probably entered a different cost center for yourposting than the one specified in the exercise.

a) Choose the Postings button in the results list of the foreign currencyvaluation program. Position the cursor on the document number of theposting document from the last day of the previous months and chooseDisplay Document. The document is displayed first in U.S. dollars, thedocument currency � but the corrections are only recorded in the localcurrency. To see the Euro-denominated correction amount, choose theDisplay Currency button.

13. Theoretical question:In the specified system configuration, a new valuationrun always creates a reset document on the first of the following month.How can you change this system behavior?

Answer: You can define the valuation area as a valuation area that uses�delta logic�.

14. Configure the system so that your FI valuation area L# is a valuation areathat uses �delta logic�.

a) Customizing: Financial Accounting (New) → General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ Activate DeltaLogic

b) Set a check-mark in the + column for your valuation area L#.

15. Then start the foreign currency valuation program in the test run againwith the following settings:




Company Code: AA##Valuation Key Date: Last day of the current month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January,use February 28 of this year as the key date (in a leap year, useFebruary 29).

Valuation Area: L#Create Postings indicator: Do not set initially



Set the Valuate Customer Open Item checkbox.


a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Valuate→Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New)

16. (During an update run), check whether only one posting is carried out and,as a result, the cancellation posting is not made.

Answer: In the results log for the foreign currency valuation program, youcan see in one of the menu bars at the top of the screen that only one postinghas been made. You can then navigate to the simulation for this document bychoosing this button.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Analyze and name the periodic tasks that will be no longer necessary

when you use the new general ledger� ... Configure and run a foreign currency valuation� ... Execute the depreciation run


AC210 Unit Summary

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Analyze and name the periodic tasks that will be no longer necessary

when you use the new general ledger� ... Configure and run a foreign currency valuation� ... Execute the depreciation run


Unit Summary AC210


Unit 6Parallel Accounting

Unit Overview


� ... Understand the ledger approach (in the new general ledger) and how tomodel parallel accounting principles

� ... Define, configure and use non-leading ledgers� ... Explain when and how to use ledger groups� ... Understand the purpose of a ledger (group-) specific period check� ... Understand the option of ledger group specific clearing and assess

whether using this option makes sense in your case� ... Describe the new validation options that have become available with EhP4� ... Understand the integration of the ledger approach (in new General Ledger

Accounting) with asset accounting

Unit ContentsLesson: Parallel Accounting... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216

Exercise 8: Ledger Approach (New G/L) Example: Foreign CurrencyValuation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249


Unit 6: Parallel Accounting AC210

Lesson: Parallel Accounting

Lesson Overview� Ledger approach (in the new General Ledger)� Ledger groups� Ledger group-specific clearing� Ledger approach (in the new General Ledger) and entering different

valuation approaches; example: foreign currency valuation� Ledger approach (in the new General Ledger) and the Asset Accounting

component (FI-AA)


� ... Understand the ledger approach (in the new general ledger) and how tomodel parallel accounting principles

� ... Define, configure and use non-leading ledgers� ... Explain when and how to use ledger groups� ... Understand the purpose of a ledger (group-) specific period check� ... Understand the option of ledger group specific clearing and assess



Business ExampleThe main consequence of parallel accounting is that company financial statementshave to be created according to different accounting principles. This is becausea local view (=> by U.S. GAAP in the U.S.) is no longer sufficient by itself in aglobalized world of creditors (banks, shareholders) and business partners. Aninternationally respected standard is in increasing demand.

Examples of internationally recognized accounting rules include:

� IAS/IFRS� US-GAAP

Different accounting principles can (still) be modeled using the �accountsapproach� in the new general ledger. In addition to accounts, however, the newgeneral ledger also lets you use different ledgers to save the different valuationapproaches � this is called the ledger approach (in the new general ledger).


AC210 Lesson: Parallel Accounting

Figure 82: Parallel Accounting - SAP Mapping Options

Different accounting principles can (still) be modeled using the �accountsapproach� in the new general ledger.

Hint: In addition to accounts, however, the new general ledger also letsyou use different ledgers to save the different valuation approaches � thisis called the ledger approach (in the new general ledger).

Caution: However, do not confuse the new ledger approach with theSpecial Ledger (FI-SL) approach. The special ledger approach wasavailable in R/3 Enterprise, but it is nowhere near as functional anduniform as the ledger approach in the new general ledger.

Which valuation approach should you model? We would like to emphasize thatSAP generally considers the ledger approach and the accounts approach asequivalent. For more information, see SAP Note 779251.



Figure 83: Defining Non-Leading Ledgers

An important question to decide is which accounting rule will be modeled inthe leading ledger: SAP recommends that existing customers who upgrade toSAP ERP do not change the leading view as well. Such a change of the leadingview should always be dealt with in a separate project, as before.

Caution: The leading ledger is the (only) ledger that is integrated withCO.

The use of non-leading ledgers also makes it possible, for example, to use differentfiscal year variants within one company code (=> also see the following slides).



Figure 84: Activating Non-Leading Ledgers

Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define and Activate Non-LeadingLedgers.

Note: An additional non-leading ledger could be interesting for acompany not just to map parallel accounting but also if the (same)company code is supposed to be mapped with different fiscal yearvariants. For example: The leading ledger uses FY variant K4, while thenon-leading ledger uses FY variant V9.

The SAP system did not previously allow you to use different FY variantswithin a company code within the general ledger. Only the SpecialLedger component (FI-SL) featured these options.

Caution: For information about configuring different fiscal year variantsin a non-leading ledger and simultaneously using the Asset Accountingcomponent, see SAP Note 844029.

Note: You use different posting period variants (=> see assignment inthe screenshot), if every accounting principle has to take into account itsown �time frames�.



Figure 85: Scenario Assignment (for Non-Leading Ledgers)

The provided scenarios are assigned to the (non-leading) ledgers in Customizing:Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→Ledgers→ Ledger→ Assign Scenarios and Customer Fields to Ledgers.

A non-leading ledger can be assigned one (standard) scenario, several scenarios,or even all six scenarios at once.

Hint: The decision as to how many scenarios to assign depends solely onwhich �facts�/�business aspects� you want to model in the corresponding(non-leading) ledger.



Figure 86: More than One General Ledger View of an FI Document

Figure 87: Topic: FC Valuation



Figure 88: Valuation Differences � Example: FC Valuation

The valuation methods are located in Customizing under: Financial Accounting(New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ Define Valuation Methods.

In SAP ERP, the valuation methods are linked with the (FI) valuation areas inCustomizing: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ Define Valuation Areas.

A valuation area is assigned exactly one valuation method � but the same valuationmethod can be assigned to multiple valuation areas.

Note: In releases up to and including SAP R/3 4.7, the valuation methodis not assigned until you start the actual foreign currency valuationprogram (=> program SAPF100).



Figure 89: Customizing FC Valuation/New General Ledger Accounting

The slide shows how you can tell which valuation approach (=> values fromdifferent valuation areas) is used to post in which ledger:

� In addition to the leading ledger, you need (of course) at least onenon-leading ledger.

� You define valuation areas (from original FI): See graphic 1.� You define accounting principles (AP). See graphic 2.� You then assign an accounting principle to the valuation areas: See

graphic 2.� In turn, you link the principles with the corresponding ledgers: See graphic

3.

You also define which valuation method (for example, lowest value principleor basic valuation) will be used for each valuation area in Customizing: Seegraphic 1 and preceding graphic.

Note: To complete the Customizing activities for the foreign currencyvaluation, the graphic is still missing the account determinationmaintenance, in which expense, revenue, and balance sheet adjustmentaccounts are stored. Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate → ForeignCurrency Valuation→ Prepare Automatic Postings for Foreign CurrencyValuation. => Transaction KDF.



Caution: Because the same accounts are posted to in the differentledgers in the ledger approach (in the new general ledger), it is enough todefine the account determination only for the valuation area Blank inforeign currency valuation.

** In practice, you may have to create several local valuation areas because yourlocal valuations may be the same from a technical point of view.

Figure 90: FC Valuation � Example Figures (Customer LI)

The system derives the posted accounts (=> 280010 and 140099) from the accountdetermination (for valuation area Blank) of transaction Exchange Rate DifferenceOI/G/L Account (=> transaction KDF).

The valuation document generated by the foreign currency program is reversedwith the same program, on the first day of the next month, as long as you do notmake any further settings/configurations. For details see the chapter SelectedPeriodic Processing.

Note: An (additional) valuation run for a local valuation area (such asa valuation area for the rules of the German Commercial Code) doesnot register a revaluation in this case. The original customer documentupdates the amount 0 for the corresponding valuation area.



The correction document illustrated in the slide is only posted to non-leadingledger N1. Therefore, to post the document, you have to assign a number rangeinterval to the corresponding document type in the entry view of the ledger:Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→ Define Document Types forEntry View in a Ledger.

Figure 91: Option: Defining Ledger Groups

Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define Ledger Group.

Hint: The ledger group is option for simplifying and/or acceleratingthe work in certain cases. No customer should be forced to create theirown ledger groups.

Caution: However, a new ledger group is created automatically foreach ledger in the new G/L. This new ledger group contains the relevantledger and has the same name as it.



Figure 92: Ledger Groups � Special Transactions

If the Ledger Group field is filled, the document is posted only to the ledgers ofthe ledger group.

Caution: If the ledger group only consists of one or more non-leadingledgers, you have to define the �document types for entry view in oneledger�: Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ FinancialAccounting Global Settings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→Define Document Types for Entry View in a Ledger.

The document number ranges may not, in this case, already be in use by adocument type which can be used to post to all ledgers.

Hint: FB50L and FB01L postings (with filled ledger group) - ledgergroup-specific postings -, are always entered without tax and posting toan OI-managed balance sheet account is not possible.

See also the topic Clearing Specific to Ledger Groups.

In the general ledger view, in the case of ledger group-specific postings it is onlypossible to display the ledgers of the selected ledger group.



Figure 93: Ledger-Specific Period Check

Figure 94: Ledger-Specific Period Check



Figure 95: Ledger-Specific Period Check 2

After selecting the checkbox (new in EhP4), the posting to all ledgers with aposting date in March (=> see preceding graphic) is also rejected.

Figure 96: Ledger Group-Specific Clearing



Figure 97: Ledger Group-Specific Clearing

Figure 98: Ledger Group-Specific Clearing - Prerequisites



Figure 99: Ledger Group-Specific Clearing � Conditions

*You should use a new account for the new functions whenever possible.Ifyou are unable to create a new account for some reason, take the following intoaccount:

� If the account does not have line item management or open item management,and has already been posted, proceed as follows:

a) First generate the line items using the report RFSEPA01.

b) Set the indicator for ledger group-specific clearing subsequentlyusing the Report FAGL_SWITCH_TO_OPEN_ITEM (=> TCodeFAGL_ACTIVATE_OP).

� If the account has line item management and/or open item managementand the account has already been posted, you can set the indicatorfor this account immediately or at a later stage using the reportFAGL_SWITCH_TO_OPEN_ITEM (transaction FAGL_ACTIVATE_OP).

�

Hint: For further information, see SAP Note 175960.



Additional information about conversion programFAGL_SWITCH_TO_OPEN_ITEM:

� The program can only be started for one account. If you want to maintainseveral accounts, you can use the transaction for mass maintenance for G/Laccounts (=> OB_GLACC12).

� You can only execute the program successfully if the above conditions (=> 1.- 7.) have been fulfilled for the relevant account.

� On the program screen, depending on the �target� you can set the radiobutton Ledger-Group Specific to use the new function for the account or theStandard radio button if you want a/the account to be (only) a �normal�OI account.

� The conversion date (=> input field Conversion on) is also important so thatit is clear which line items should be converted into open items. On thebasis of the total of line items before the conversion date, an open item iscreated with the default account assignment and posted to a (technical)interim account (=> field Account for Transfer) .

� Here again, depending on your �objectives�, you can set the posting to aprior period indicator to post the OI generated by the system (with defaultaccount assignment) from the interim account back to the original, nowledger group-specific/OI-managed account.

From a technical point of view, when you create �ledger group-specific managedaccounts�, the entries in the tables BSIS and BSAS are transferred to the new tablesFAGLBSIS and FAGLBSAS or new entries are created in the FAGL tables.

Figure 100: Ledger Group-Specific Clearing - Demo Part 1



* Additional information about the consolidation transaction type:

� If you decide to use the new G/L scenario preparation for consolidationand you have assigned this to one or more ledgers in new General LedgerAccounting, the consolidation transaction type (=> technical name: RMVCT)is saved in the individual table and totals table in the new G/L.

� The characteristic consolidation transaction type originates from thecomponent EC-CS (=> Enterprise Controlling � Consolidation). It isvaluated using the totals table GLT3 (=> Summary Data Preparations forConsolidation).

� SAP provides the following consolidation transaction types for mappingprovisions processes:

� 500 = Provisions - opening balance� 520 = Provisions allocation� 540 = Provisions utilization� 560 = Write-off provisions� 570 = Provisions transfer

� Using these consolidation transaction types and Tools Report Painter (andReport Writer), it is now relatively easy to generate a changes in provisionsworksheet based on the totals table FAGLFLEXT.

Figure 101: Line Item Display (Transaction FAGLL03) according to Step1 of the provision process

To obtain a better overview, it makes sense to display the field Ledger Group nextto the field Ledger in the line item display.




* Additional information about posting the utilization:

� Since the same amount should/must be posted in all ledgers, you may wantto enter the utilization with a customer-defined ledger group that contains allthe ledgers (=> for example ledger group ALL).

� In this case, a document would be posted to all the ledgers. However, in thefield Ledger Group (=> see the screenshots for the individual item displaybefore and afterwards), the document for the ledger 0L contains the ledgergroup ALL instead of the ledger group 0L.

� The document for the ledger N1 contains the ledger group ALL instead ofthe ledger group N1.

� However, clearing works later on (see the slide after next) if the ledgergroups are identical or if the amounts of the ledger group have a balance ofzero. It is not sufficient if the amounts of a ledger have a balance of zero.

� After all, the transaction is called ledger group-specific clearing ...




You can find transaction FB1SL (after you activate the business functionFIN_GL_CI_1) in the application under: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Account→ Clear - Specific to Ledger Groups.

When you try to call the standard transaction F-03 to clear a �ledger group-specificaccount�→ SAP Easy Access→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ GeneralLedger→ Account→ Clear), the system displays a dialog box with the followinginformation:

� Ledger group-specific clearing with transaction FB1SL or FB05L

Diagnosis: The indicator Ledger-Specific Clearing is set for the account.Clearing should only be carried out for accounts with this indicator usingtransaction FB05L (=> Post with Clearing for Ledger Group) or FB1SL (=>Clear G/L Account for Ledger Group).



Figure 106: LI Display According to Clearing - Ledger 0L

Note: The general ledger view shows if the provision expense posting andthe resolution posting of different characteristics was assigned, dependingon the split configuration and clearing lines.

Figure 107: LI Display According to Clearing - Ledger N1



Figure 108: Additional Information about Ledger Group-Specific Clearing

You can use the command field to start the classic transaction for posting withclearing at any time (transaction FB05) if you want to carry out clearing whenyou post to an account only that has only �normal� open item management, butnot ledger group-specific management).

Pure clearing for (only) open item-managed G/L accounts is still in the SAPEasy Access Menu: Transaction F-03

Hint: Menu path for automatic ledger group-specific clearing- TCodeF13L: SAP Easy Access→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Periodic Processing→ Automatic Clearing→ G/LAccounts - Specific to Ledger Groups.

As the name of the transaction F13L (=> Automatic Clearing Specific toLedger Group already indicates, this works only for general ledger accounts -other balance sheet accounts (for example, reconciliation accounts) cannot besupplied with the indicator Ledger Group-Specific Clearing. The program is anenhancement/adjustment of the standard clearing program SAPF124.

Note: For the above screenshot for the test run: During the update run, thecolumn Clearing Document is filled with the relevant document numbers.



Figure 109: Validating Account Assignment Combinations

Figure 110: Defining a Validation Rule for Account Assignment Combinations

Hint: Generally speaking, validation rules that you can create withFAGL_VALIDATE can be mapped using transaction OB28, albeit in somecases with an exit.



Customizing path for defining a (new) validation rule: Financial Accounting(New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)→ Document→ DefineValidation Rule for Account Assignment Combinations.

You can also define validation combinations for customer-defined fields that arestored in the totals table without using exit programming.

Further information on the validation of account assignment combinations:

� The validation is not scenario-dependent.

� Example: You want to check / validate the presence of a segment� this is performed without checking if the scenario Segmentation(FIN_SEGM) is assigned to a ledger.

� In the application, the validations for account assignment combinations arechecked when simulating the FI documents, not during posting.

� The validation �accesses� the entry view and not the general ledger view(just as transaction code OB28).

Caution: This function can only be used when the new G/L is active. It isnot available for classic classic general ledger accounting.

Figure 111: Validation Types

Invalid account assignment combinations = Non-valid combinations

Valid account assignment combinations = Valid combinations



Validation type - a definition: The validation type indicates whether the definedrules or account assignment entries for validity or invalidity should be checked -in other words, it indicates how the system should later interpret the rule.

Note: There is an authorization object for the validation of accountassignment combinations: F_FAGL_DRU.

Hint: To update the groups (for example, cost center groups) that mightbe used in the validation rules, you should periodically schedule the reportFAGL_VAL_DERIVATION_TOOL (adjustment of derivation rules afterchanging groups).

Figure 112: Testing the Validation Rule



Another of the countless examples of a rule with validation type invalid accountassignment combination is: In your company only a particular cost center (or aprofit center or a functional area and so on...) may be included in an accountassignment when posting to a (particular) account.

� In the validation rule you link the source field (G/L Account in GeneralLedger Accounting) ...

� ... and the condition, which is the corresponding account assignmentcharacteristic (=> Cost Center, Profit Center, Functional Area, ...). Note:The account assignment characteristic gets the operator not equal to.

� In the rule entries, (only) those accounts are defined which are/should beallowed in combination with the account assignment characteristic.

� Result: The (only) document that would be rejected is one that lacks thedefined account assignment for the account. All other accounts can alwaysbe entered, irrespective of the account assignment.

Figure 113: Asset Accounting and Ledger Approach

Hint: Since asset accounting has already been dealt with in previouschapters and balance sheet values therefore already exist in the trainingsystem, in the course (for reasons of simplicity) it will still be assumedthat valuation area 01 in asset accounting represents local regulations.

To understand the logic of the ledger approach (in new G/L) in conjunctionwith asset accounting, that is absolutely no problem.



Caution: In practice, the ledger approach (in new G/L) generally onlymakes sense if in FI-AA the international (often also the leading)valuation approach is mapped in valuation area 01.

Figure 114: Integration with FI-AA � Example Figures (1)

Note: In the example in the graphic, �non-integrated� processes areshown. Of course, the acquisition and retirement transactions can beposted, that is, �integrated�, at any time with a vendor (or customer).




Hint: The FI accounts that are posted to in the ledger approach in thenew general ledger are exactly the same ones in each valuation area.

The valuation approaches can still differ, however, because they are savedin different (general) ledgers.

The asset values are updated in all the ledgers simultaneously during a posting� see also the Acquisition column in the graphic.

Note: Of course, a document will only be created in the delta depreciationarea for an acquisition posting if different APC valuation approacheshave to be entered.

Hint: Quite frequently, however, the delta valuation area is requiredfor deactivation postings, namely always when different useful lives areused �locally� and �internationally�.

Therefore, the FI document from the delta area is not informative in itself (seethe retirement posting for area 60 in the above graphic). You can only read ittogether with the areas from value 30 (see next slide). However: This is only true



for the view in the general ledger itself - colleagues in the asset accountingdepartment always see the correct valuation approaches when they analyzevaluation area 30.

Note: Imagine that an IFRS approach is mapped in area 30 (and 60) andyou now additionally have to observe the US accounting principles. Inthat case you need an area �US GAAP� (for example area 31) and anadditional delta area (for example 61 [=> area 31 - area 01]).




Graphic remarks:

1. As previously described, the values of the leading area are (also) posted in thenon-leading ledgers. Branching from the Asset Explorer (=> for the grouparea) to the FI document therefore (only) pulls up the real-time documentfrom area 01, naturally with the valuation approach of the leading area.

2. If you want to see the correct international values in the Asset Explorer, youhave to examine the transaction line items in the lower section of the tool,not in the FI document. With the SAP ERP solution, the correct gains andlosses from asset retirement (for the group area), and thus the overall correctvaluation approach, are always shown here.

3. Points 1. and 2. assume that the delta area is posted periodically (=>program RAPERB2000).

Note: If you decide on �direct posting� for this area, you can navigatefrom the Asset Explorer in the group and delta area directly to the deltaFI document.

Hint: Bear in mind that the delta area is only required for the correctvaluation approach for assets in new General Ledger Accounting. Inthe subledger (and the associated tables) the correct valuation is alwaysshown. Thus the asset reporting/asset information system alwaysdisplays the correct valuation approaches as you call up your reports byvaluation area.

Caution: The valuation area, which reflects the local approach in theabove example (=> valuation area 30 in the graphics) must never bedeactivated in the ledger approach in the new G/L (=> table ANKB - fieldXAFBE), not even if the area should not or must not have any values,for example, in the mapping of leasing assets. Such a situation must bemapped with special transaction types that only post in area 01.



Figure 117: Wizard for Configuring Parallel Accounting Rules

This transaction, which is new in SAP ERP 2004, enables you to quickly andeasily define the delta valuation area, which is prerequisite in the ledgerapproach (in the new general ledger).

Caution: If you prefer to continue using the account approach, you donot need the wizard.

To start the wizard, the following data has to be defined in the system:

� Valuation area 01� Valuation area to model the parallel accounting rule (for example area 30)� Leading ledger� Non-leading ledger

You can find the wizard in Customizing for Asset Accounting under FinancialAccounting (New)→ Asset Accounting→ Valuation→ Depreciation Areas→Set Up Areas for Parallel Valuation.



Figure 118: Integration with FI-AA � System Configuration

You maintain account assignment types under: Customizing→ FinancialAccounting (New)→ Asset Accounting→ Integration with the General Ledger→Additional Account Assignment Objects→ Specify Account Assignment Types forAccount Assignment Objects.

Configure program RAPERB2000: Financial Accounting (New)→ AssetAccounting → Integration with the General Ledger → Post APC ValuesPeriodically to the General Ledger→ Specify Document Type for PeriodicPosting of Asset Values..

Define a new document type in the entry view of the corresponding ledger:Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→ Define Document Types forEntry View in a Ledger.

You can maintain item types under: Financial Accounting (New)→ GeneralLedger Accounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting.

Combining the document type for periodic value postings with businesstransaction and business transaction variant: Customizing→ FinancialAccounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Business Transactions→ Document Splitting→ Classify Document Types for Document Splitting.



Exercise 8: Ledger Approach (New G/L)Example: Foreign Currency Valuation

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� ... Explain and configure the ledger approach in the new general ledger as an

alternative display option for parallel financial reporting in the SAP system� ... Clarify the procedure and posting logic of the ledger approach (in new

G/L) using foreign currency valuation as an example

Business ExampleThe main consequence of parallel accounting is that company financial statementshave to be created according to different accounting principles. This is becausea local view (=> by U.S. GAAP in the U.S.) is no longer sufficient by itself in aglobalized world of creditors (banks, shareholders) and business partners. Aninternationally respected standard is in increasing demand.

It is therefore all the more important that a data processing system can map parallelaccounting principles. One option in the SAP system is the ledger approach (inthe new general ledger).

Task 1:Ledger Approach in the New General Ledger - Preparations and Initial Tests

1. To model additional financial reporting methods in the SAP system, you candefine additional (non-leading) ledgers in addition to the leading ledger.Create a non-leading ledger for an international valuation approach.

In this exercise, your new ledger should have a two-digit ID: The ID startswith �N� and has one more letter, which is derived as follows:

Group 1 receives the letter A: => Thus the new non-leading ledger would benamed NA.

Group 2 receives the letter B: => Thus, this new non-leading ledger would benamed NB and so on.

Please select the letters for the other groups as follows:






Specify the following data for the ledger definition:

Ledger name: Non-leading ledger gr. ##Totals table: FAGLFLEXT

Save your data.

2. In the next step you must allow/activate the new ledger N# for yourcompany code AA##.

Hint: With different fiscal year variants and/or different currenciesand/or different variants of the posting periods for the non-leadingledger, your new ledger should not work (initially).

You must note that the assignment of your non-leading ledger to yourcompany code is not (immediately) possible.

Read the long text of the error message carefully. You will get to know theSAP General Ledger Migration Service (=> Service SAP General LedgerMigration) mentioned in the long text better in the Migration chapter.

3. To proceed with the exercise, you'll have to do the following: Deactivate theproductive indicator for your company code AA##.

Caution: In practice or in your production system at home, this isnaturally not a solution!!!!

4. Close the current Customizing session and then call Customizing AGAIN.

5. Now repeat subtask 2 and try to link your new non-leading ledger N# withyour company code AA##.

6. In the new non-leading ledger N#, you want to map Segment Reporting and aprofit and loss statement based on Cost of Sales Accounting. Assign thesetwo scenarios to your ledger N# and save the data.

7. Now post a G/L account document to your company code AA##: Enter thispurchase of office supplies with cash. To do so, use accounts:

405200 (=> consumption office supplies)

100000 (=> petty cash)




The gross amount of � 66 is to be entered with today's date, currency Euroand 10% VAT. Choose cost center T�F05A## as the CO-relevant accountassignment.

8. Display the document. You should now be able to call ledger N#, inaddition to the leading ledger 0L, in the general ledger view.

9. What do you notice about the document in ledger N#, for example, whenyou view the posting documents or (on the other side) the CO accountassignment (=> cost center)?

Task 2:Foreign Currency Valuation in The Ledger Approach (New General Ledger)

Hint: Enter different amounts in the different ledgers (due to valuationdifferences). To do so, use the foreign currency valuation again for yourtwo open customer items (from the exercise in unit 5).

Since the ledger solution in the new general ledger posts differentvaluation accounts to the different ledgers, but to the same accounts,the account determination as you maintained it in the exercise in unit5 will suffice.

You must create an additional valuation area (in FI) and an additionalvaluation method. To carry out the foreign currency valuation, you alsoneed accounting principles.

1. Create an additional valuation area in FI Customizing. The ID of the newvaluation area should have two letters. The first letter of every group is"I". The �I� stands for �International� in this example. Select the secondletter for your group from the following table:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter Z B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

Examples:

Group 1 receives the letter Z: => The ledger would therefore be called IZ.

Group 5 receives the letter E: => The ledger would therefore be called IE.




Also enter the following data for the new ledger:

Valuation Area: I# (=> # stands for the second letter from theabove table)

Valuation method: Leave blank for nowCurrency Type: Company code currencyAdditional currency: Leave blankFS Version: Leave blank or enter INTLong Text: International valuation area gr. ##

2. Also create a valuation method in Customizing. Name your new valuationmethod I## and define it as follows:

Description: International valuation for average rate, group##

Valuation Procedure: Always valuateDocument Type: SAExch.Rate Type forDebit/Credit Balance: M

3. Define your new valuation method I## (subsequently) in your newvaluation area I# from the last task step but one.

4. To uniquely define which valuation area will post to which ledger, you nowhave to define the accounting principles (AP). Create the two followingaccounting principles:

=> LO## with the description Local AP Group ##

and

=> IA## with the description International AP Group ##

Note: Here again, the hash characters stand for your group/computernumber.

5. You need two (types of) links/assignments:

First you combine the accounting principles with the correspondingledgers:

AP LO## <=> Ledger 0LAP IA## <=> Ledger N#




Then the valuation areas (from FI) must be linked with the accountingprinciples:

(Local) valuation area L#(from ex. in chapter 5)

<=> AP LO##

(International) valuation areaI#

<=> AP IA##

Hint: You have now clearly defined which valuation approach willbe posted to which ledger in the new general ledger.

6. To carry out the international valuation, you must also make a systemsetting:

Since a run for the international valuation posts exclusively to thenon-leading ledger N#, you must assign a number range interval to therelevant document type (=> according to the valuation method, the documenttype SA) for the entry view of the non-leading ledger N#.

Hint: However, you cannot define the same interval (=> interval01) that is already defined in document type SA. This is to ensurethat there are no gaps in the leading ledger.

In light of this, create a new number range interval for your companycodeAA## using the following values:

No. Year FromNumber

To Number CurrentNumber

Ext

30 9999 3000000000 3900000000

7. Assign the new interval to document type SA for the entry view in ledgerN#.

8. You can now start the foreign currency valuation run. First remind yourselfof the steps from the previous unit and the specified prerequisites:

=> You have two open customer invoices that were entered in USD. Ifyou cannot remember the postings, call a customer line item list for yourcustomer 210##.

=> The current USD -> Euro exchange rate is = 1.

=> You already ran the local/book valuation run on the last day of theprevious month in the preceding exercise. You can start it again, but noresult will be posted.




=> Due to the lowest value principle, your valuation run only valuated oneof the two customer items.

Call the foreign currency valuation program in accounts receivable andenter the following data:

Company Code: AA##Valuation KeyDate:

Last day of previous month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January, useJanuary 31 of the current year as the key date.

Valuation Area: I#IndicatorCreatePostings:

Do not set until after a test run, when you start theupdate run.


The program also needs to know which "objects" are to be processed.

=> Open tab page Open Items: Set the Valuate Customer Open Itemscheckbox.

Now start the program.

Since you ran this program with an international approach, note thatboth open items were valuated � once, (as in the local valuation), with adevaluation/expense (of EUR 1,000) and once with a revaluation/revenue!

9. Call the posted valuation document(s).

10. If you can see the posting amount � 0, the display is in USD. To display theeuro-denominated values, click Change Display Currency. You can seein the entry view that the segments (and profit center) were taken from theoriginal customer invoices.

When you go to the general ledger view, the system immediately shows thedocument only (and correctly) in the non-leading ledger N#.

Look at the two document numbers.




11. There may be two questions:Why is the characteristic Profit Center also saved and displayed in thenon-leading ledger?

12. Why is there automatically a reset document?



Solution 8: Ledger Approach (New G/L)Example: Foreign Currency ValuationTask 1:Ledger Approach in the New General Ledger - Preparations and Initial Tests

1. To model additional financial reporting methods in the SAP system, you candefine additional (non-leading) ledgers in addition to the leading ledger.Create a non-leading ledger for an international valuation approach.

In this exercise, your new ledger should have a two-digit ID: The ID startswith �N� and has one more letter, which is derived as follows:

Group 1 receives the letter A: => Thus the new non-leading ledger would benamed NA.

Group 2 receives the letter B: => Thus, this new non-leading ledger would benamed NB and so on.

Please select the letters for the other groups as follows:



Specify the following data for the ledger definition:

Ledger name: Non-leading ledger gr. ##Totals table: FAGLFLEXT

Save your data.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingBasic Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define Ledgers forGeneral Ledger Accounting.

Choose Edit→ New Entries.

b) The new ledger N# and a ledger group with the same name areautomatically created.




2. In the next step you must allow/activate the new ledger N# for yourcompany code AA##.

Hint: With different fiscal year variants and/or different currenciesand/or different variants of the posting periods for the non-leadingledger, your new ledger should not work (initially).

You must note that the assignment of your non-leading ledger to yourcompany code is not (immediately) possible.

Read the long text of the error message carefully. You will get to know theSAP General Ledger Migration Service (=> Service SAP General LedgerMigration) mentioned in the long text better in theMigration chapter.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define and ActivateNon-Leading Ledgers.

b) In the Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box, enter your newnon-leading ledger N# and copy the data.

c) Choose Edit→ New Entries.

d) Enter your company code AA## in the Company Code column andconfirm your entry. Leave the other columns blank for this exercise.

e) Confirm your entries. You realize that such a process would(thankfully) not work so easily during operations.

f) Read the long text of the error message.

3. To proceed with the exercise, you'll have to do the following: Deactivate theproductive indicator for your company code AA##.

Caution: In practice or in your production system at home, this isnaturally not a solution!!!!

a) Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings(New)→ Global Parameters for Company Code→ Enter GlobalParameters.

b) Go to the details for your company code AA##.

c) Deactivate the indicator Company code is productive.

d) Save.

4. Close the current Customizing session and then call Customizing AGAIN.

a) TCode OSPRO




5. Now repeat subtask 2 and try to link your new non-leading ledger N# withyour company code AA##.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Define and ActivateNon-Leading Ledgers.



d) Enter your company code AA## in the Company Code column andconfirm your entry.

e) After confirming your data, answer the question in the ConsistencyCheck with No.

f) Save.

6. In the new non-leading ledger N#, you want to map Segment Reporting and aprofit and loss statement based on Cost of Sales Accounting. Assign thesetwo scenarios to your ledger N# and save the data.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Ledgers→ Ledger→ Assign Scenariosand Customer Fields to Ledgers.

b) Select ledger N# and double-click the Scenarios entry in the dialogstructure.


d) Select the Segmentation entry in the Scenario for General LedgerAccounting column and Cost-of-Sales Accounting for the secondcolumn.

e) Save your data.

7. Now post a G/L account document to your company code AA##: Enter thispurchase of office supplies with cash. To do so, use accounts:

405200 (=> consumption office supplies)

100000 (=> petty cash)




The gross amount of � 66 is to be entered with today's date, currency Euroand 10% VAT. Choose cost center T�F05A## as the CO-relevant accountassignment.

a) SAP Easy Access→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ GeneralLedger→ Posting→ Enter G/L Account Document.

Enter the remaining data as described in the exercise text.

b) Before you post, go to the Detail tab page and set the Calculate Taxcheckbox.

c) Simulate and save the document.

8. Display the document. You should now be able to call ledger N#, inaddition to the leading ledger 0L, in the general ledger view.

a) SAP Easy Access→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ GeneralLedger→ Posting→ Enter G/L Account Document.

b) Choose Document→ Display from the menu.

c) Choose Other Ledger.

9. What do you notice about the document in ledger N#, for example, whenyou view the posting documents or (on the other side) the CO accountassignment (=> cost center)?

Answer: The posting amounts are the same as in the leading ledger, becauseitems are posted to all ledgers by default. The cost center characteristic isnot displayed (or updated) in ledger N#, because the Cost Center Updatescenario has not been defined for ledger N#.




Task 2:Foreign Currency Valuation in The Ledger Approach (New General Ledger)

Hint: Enter different amounts in the different ledgers (due to valuationdifferences). To do so, use the foreign currency valuation again for yourtwo open customer items (from the exercise in unit 5).

Since the ledger solution in the new general ledger posts differentvaluation accounts to the different ledgers, but to the same accounts,the account determination as you maintained it in the exercise in unit5 will suffice.

You must create an additional valuation area (in FI) and an additionalvaluation method. To carry out the foreign currency valuation, you alsoneed accounting principles.

1. Create an additional valuation area in FI Customizing. The ID of the newvaluation area should have two letters. The first letter of every group is"I". The �I� stands for �International� in this example. Select the secondletter for your group from the following table:

Group 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Letter Z B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

Examples:

Group 1 receives the letter Z: => The ledger would therefore be called IZ.

Group 5 receives the letter E: => The ledger would therefore be called IE.

Also enter the following data for the new ledger:

Valuation Area: I# (=> # stands for the second letter from theabove table)

Valuation method: Leave blank for nowCurrency Type: Company code currency




Additional currency: Leave blankFS Version: Leave blank or enter INTLong Text: International valuation area gr. ##

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Areas.

b) Choose Edit→ New Entries.

c) Enter the remaining data as described in the exercise text.

2. Also create a valuation method in Customizing. Name your new valuationmethod I## and define it as follows:

Description: International valuation for average rate, group##

Valuation Procedure: Always valuateDocument Type: SAExch.Rate Type forDebit/Credit Balance: M

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Methods.

b) Choose Edit→ New Entries.

c) You do not need to fill in any other fields for this exercise.

3. Define your new valuation method I## (subsequently) in your newvaluation area I# from the last task step but one.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ DefineValuation Areas.

4. To uniquely define which valuation area will post to which ledger, you nowhave to define the accounting principles (AP). Create the two followingaccounting principles:

=> LO## with the description Local AP Group ##

and




=> IA## with the description International AP Group ##

Note: Here again, the hash characters stand for your group/computernumber.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (new)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (new)→ Ledgers→ Parallel Accounting→ DefineAccounting Principles.

b) Choose menu path Edit→ New Entries and define the two newaccounting principles as described in the exercise.

c) Save your data.

5. You need two (types of) links/assignments:

First you combine the accounting principles with the correspondingledgers:

AP LO## <=> Ledger 0LAP IA## <=> Ledger N#

Then the valuation areas (from FI) must be linked with the accountingprinciples:




(Local) valuation area L#(from ex. in chapter 5)

<=> AP LO##

(International) valuation areaI#

<=> AP IA##

Hint: You have now clearly defined which valuation approach willbe posted to which ledger in the new general ledger.

a) Combine of accounting principles with ledgers: Customizing→Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting Global Settings(New)→ Ledgers→ Parallel Accounting→ Assign AccountingPrinciple to Ledger Groups.

Choose menu path Edit→ New Entries and link the two new accountingprinciples with the ledgers as described in the exercise. Save your data.

b) Link valuation areas (from FI) with accounting principles:Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ General LedgerAccounting (New)→ Periodic Processing→ Valuate→ AssignValuation Areas and Accounting Principles.

Choose menu path Edit → New Entries and link the two newaccounting principles with the valuation areas as described in theexercise. Save your data.

6. To carry out the international valuation, you must also make a systemsetting:

Since a run for the international valuation posts exclusively to thenon-leading ledger N#, you must assign a number range interval to therelevant document type (=> according to the valuation method, the documenttype SA) for the entry view of the non-leading ledger N#.

Hint: However, you cannot define the same interval (=> interval01) that is already defined in document type SA. This is to ensurethat there are no gaps in the leading ledger.

In light of this, create a new number range interval for your companycodeAA## using the following values:




No. Year FromNumber

To Number CurrentNumber

Ext

30 9999 3000000000 3900000000

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Document→ Document Number Ranges→ Documents in Entry View→ Define Document Number Rangesfor Entry View.

=> Company code: AA##

=> Pushbutton Change Intervals

=> Pushbutton Add Intervals

b) Create the new interval as described in the exercise.

7. Assign the new interval to document type SA for the entry view in ledgerN#.

a) Customizing→ Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial AccountingGlobal Settings (New)→ Document→ Document Types→ DefineDocument Types for Entry View in a Ledger.


c) Choose menu path Edit→ New Entries and assign number range 30 todocument type SA.

d) Save your entry.

8. You can now start the foreign currency valuation run. First remind yourselfof the steps from the previous unit and the specified prerequisites:

=> You have two open customer invoices that were entered in USD. Ifyou cannot remember the postings, call a customer line item list for yourcustomer 210##.

=> The current USD -> Euro exchange rate is = 1.

=> You already ran the local/book valuation run on the last day of theprevious month in the preceding exercise. You can start it again, but noresult will be posted.

=> Due to the lowest value principle, your valuation run only valuated oneof the two customer items.

Call the foreign currency valuation program in accounts receivable andenter the following data:




Company Code: AA##Valuation KeyDate:

Last day of previous month

Caution: If your AC210 training course takes place in January, useJanuary 31 of the current year as the key date.

Valuation Area: I#IndicatorCreatePostings:

Do not set until after a test run, when you start theupdate run.


The program also needs to know which "objects" are to be processed.

=> Open tab page Open Items: Set the Valuate Customer Open Itemscheckbox.

Now start the program.

Since you ran this program with an international approach, note thatboth open items were valuated � once, (as in the local valuation), with adevaluation/expense (of EUR 1,000) and once with a revaluation/revenue!

a) SAP Easy Access menu→ Accounting→ Financial Accounting→Accounts Receivable→ Periodic Processing→ Closing→ Valuate→Foreign Currency Valuation of Open Items (New).

b) Take all other information from the exercise.

9. Call the posted valuation document(s).

a) Press the Postings button in the results list after the update run.Position the cursor on the document number of the posting documentand choose Display Document.

10. If you can see the posting amount � 0, the display is in USD. To display theeuro-denominated values, click Change Display Currency. You can seein the entry view that the segments (and profit center) were taken from theoriginal customer invoices.

When you go to the general ledger view, the system immediately shows thedocument only (and correctly) in the non-leading ledger N#.

Look at the two document numbers.

a) Press the Display Currency button.Continued on next page



11. There may be two questions:

Why is the characteristic Profit Center also saved and displayed in thenon-leading ledger?

Answer: You see the Profit Center characteristic because you assignedthe Segment Reporting scenario to your non-leading ledger N#. Since theSegment characteristic is derived from the Profit Center characteristic bydefault, this is automatically saved when the Segment Reporting scenariois assigned.You can also see this in the SAP system, namely in the fields assigned toa scenario: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Ledgers→ Fields→ Display Scenarios for GeneralLedger Accounting.Confirm the two information messages and select the segmentation scenario.You see that the G/L field PRCTR is also updated.

12. Why is there automatically a reset document?

Answer: There is automatically a reset document because you have not (yet)defined the (new) international valuation area I# as a valuation area withdelta posting logic.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Understand the ledger approach (in the new general ledger) and how to

model parallel accounting principles� ... Define, configure and use non-leading ledgers� ... Explain when and how to use ledger groups� ... Understand the purpose of a ledger (group-) specific period check� ... Understand the option of ledger group specific clearing and assess




Unit Summary AC210

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Understand the ledger approach (in the new general ledger) and how to

model parallel accounting principles� ... Define, configure and use non-leading ledgers� ... Explain when and how to use ledger groups� ... Understand the purpose of a ledger (group-) specific period check� ... Understand the option of ledger group specific clearing and assess




Unit 7Reporting

Unit Overview


� ... Use the various new G/L drilldown reports as the standard analysis toolin new General Ledger Accounting

� ... Use the program RFBILA00 for different ledgers and for newcharacteristics

� ... Understand the concept of the origin object type and the associated(new) functions

Unit ContentsLesson: Reporting ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270

Exercise 9: Data Evaluation in New General Ledger Accounting... .285


Unit 7: Reporting AC210

Lesson: Reporting

Lesson Overview� Comparison of data in the classic and the new general ledger, though

in AC210 this is merely for informational purposes. In practice, such acomparison would only be done as part of a migration process (=> migrationfrom classic to new general ledger accounting).

� Use of the (standard) drilldown reports in new G/L� The line item display and the balance display in the new G/L� New reporting options with EhP3 and EhP4.


� ... Use the various new G/L drilldown reports as the standard analysis toolin new General Ledger Accounting

� ... Use the program RFBILA00 for different ledgers and for newcharacteristics

� ... Understand the concept of the origin object type and the associated(new) functions

Business ExampleSoftware must always be measured by the degree to which entered data can beanalyzed and reported on using standard resources. Now familiarize yourself withthe reporting options offered by new General Ledger Accounting.


AC210 Lesson: Reporting

Figure 119: Reporting: Data Source

Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Tools→ Deactivate Update of Classic General Ledger (GLT0).

Additional information about the indicator Write Classic General Ledger: Anyupdate of the classic general ledger tables should be deactivated after a certaintime, for example, after you run and verify the first end-of-period closing.

If you update the tables of both the conventional and the new general ledger, youwill generate too many unneeded and redundant data records.

Caution: The Customizing activity should always be executed as partof an implementation or migration project.



Figure 120: Comparing Different Ledgers

Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)→ Financial Accounting GlobalSettings (New)→ Tools→ Compare Ledgers.

In contrast to CO, actual data in FI is often written to Version 1.

You can also use this transaction to compare leading and non-leading ledgers.

Figure 121: Financial Statement

We recommend saving frequently-used program variants to save time.



Figure 122: Financial Statements � An Alternative

Defining suitable programming variants can save you lots of time in the drilldownreports.

Figure 123: Fin. Statement Actual/Actual Comparison (1)



You can choose in the selection screen for the drilldown report whether you wantto call the report in the conventional or graphical layout.

Figure 124: Fin. Statement Actual/Actual Comparison (2)

The result is, of course, identical when the selection is the same.

Figure 125: Navigation in Drilldown Reporting



The program's flexibility also lets you �drill down� to an individual financialaccounting document: Press the button for the existing RRI (report-reportinterface) on the results screen => Choose Line Items.

Figure 126: Call of all New G/L Drilldowns

Transaction FGI0 displays a list of defined program variants, which you can runinstantly.

But drilldown reporting has not been used in financial accounting only sinceSAP ERP or new general ledger accounting. To display an overview of FIdrilldown reports that you can also use with the conventional general ledger, calltransaction FSI0.



Figure 127: New Drilldown Reports (=> EhP3) for Profit Centers andSegments

Note: If, after you import Enhancement Package 3 in report type 002(=> reporting for table FAGLFLEXT), only five drilldown reports aredisplayed, you must first import the new drilldown reports from client000: Call transaction FCI0 and follow the menu path Environment ->Import reports -> Execute. In the dialog box that is then displayed, selectthe report type Reporting for Table FAGLFLEXT. The system displays thenew objects: Select them all and execute them (in the background).

After you activate the business function FIN_GL_CI_1, you can also find the newdrilldown reports for Enhancement Package 3 in the SAP Easy Access Menu inthe general ledger information system in the folder General Ledger Reports (New).

There you will also find a new report/program (=> program nameFAGL_PLAN_ITEMS_GL) to output the plan line items: General Ledger Reports(New) -> Line Items -> Display Plan Line Items

TCode for the plan line item report: FAGLP03.

Hint: In addition, EhP 3 provides a migration tool to transfer ReportWriter and/or Report Painter reports that you used based on the tableGLPCT (=> totals table for classic profit center accounting) to newgeneral ledger accounting so that you can also use these reports basedon the tableFAGLFLEXT.

Customizing path: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting(New)→ Information System→ Report Writer/Report Painter Reports→Transfer of Reports from Profit Center Accounting→ Transfer Reports.



TCode: FAGL_RMIGR

Figure 128: FI Drilldown Transaction Figures - Account Balance

We recommend using conventional drill-down reporting to display the G/Laccount balances.

You can also branch from here to the originally posted documents.

The actual G/L account balance display has also been redesigned in SAP ERP �transaction FAGLB03 - see next graphic.



Figure 129: G/L Account Balance Display (New) � TCode FAGLB03

Customizing path for maintaining the characteristics that can be selecteddynamically: Financial Accounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Information System→ Define Balance Display.

Application path for calling the G/L account balance display: Accounting→Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Account→ Display Balances (New).

Caution: If you have not assigned the new G/L scenario business area,you will automatically be �redirected� to the new transaction FAGLB03when you call the classic balance display transaction FS10N.

If you use the business area scenario, you can still call the classictransaction as well as the new one. If you use transaction FS10N, the datais still read by the classic totals table GLT0.

See also SAP Note 1155999.



Figure 130: Line Item Display (New) � TCode FAGLL03

You find the G/L account line item display in the SAP Easy Access menuunder: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Account→Display/Change Items (New).

Figure 131: Report Types Payables/Receivable by General Ledger AccountAssignment



The standard general ledger account assignments for this drilldown report arethe Profit Center and Segment.

The ledger is selected in the drilldown selection screen.

Hint: The requirement for such a drilldown originates from (classic)profit center accounting, where it is possible to use the report groups8A99 (=> Profit Center: Receivables) and 8A98 (=> Profit Center:Payables) to structure the receivables or payables account by profitcenter once the values have been transferred successfully to profit centeraccounting.

You find these drilldown options in the SAP Easy Access menu under:Accounting→ Financial Accounting→ General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports (New)→ Line Items→ Open Items.

Figure 132: Drilldown Examples - Payables by G/L Account Assignment

Of course, you can also select a single vendor and to drilldown by profit centerat any time.

The screenshots show the classic display.

Note: What's missing is the display of the documents/documentnumbers that make up the individual amounts. You can do so, forexample, using the output type object list: See next graphic.



Figure 133: Object List Output Type

Note: You could also use the object list to process the results from thelast two graphics (such as �payables sorted by profit center� or �payablesper vendor�).



Figure 134: Navigation Characteristic Origin Object

Caution: To work with the characteristic origin object (type), you mustfirst add (standard) field Origin Object Type (EC-PCA) (=> field nameZZHOART)FAGLFLEXT and assign the field to at least one ledger.

The described enhancement functions in the standard as of EnhancementPackage 3 (=> Business Function FIN_GL_CI_1).

Hint: In the delivered standard drilldown reports in which you want toevaluate the characteristic origin object, you need to"make it availableas the characteristic to be selected".

* If you want the entry Select CO Reports for Origin Object to appearas a possible branch from the report-report interface (=> RRI), ABAPprogramFAGL_RRI_RECON_CO must be assigned in the drilldown report/inthe report assignment (=> for example using TCode FGI0→ Options tab→Report Assignment button).

Caution: The aforementioned program FAGL_RRI_RECON_CO is onlyavailable as of EHP4 (=> Business Function FIN_GL_CI_2).

�RRI� stands for �Report Report Interface�.



Figure 135: Report Report Interface for CO reconciliation - (CO) ReceiverReports

The displayed receiver reports are the associated standard reports for overheadcosts orders.

Hint: To be able to call these receiver reports for the overhead costorder object (and also for the other standard CO objects) from the RRI,you must load/activate them once.

You can load/activate them by executing the Customizing activity FinancialAccounting (New)→ General Ledger Accounting (New)→ Information System→ Drilldown Reports (G/L Accounts) → Report Report Interface for COReconciliation→ Change Report Report Interface for Reconciliation withControlling.

Caution: This path is only available as of EHP4 / Business FunctionFIN_GL_CI_2.



Exercise 9: Data Evaluation in NewGeneral Ledger Accounting

Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to:� Call up financial statements for company codes, segments, or profit centers.

You will not only be able to configure the program RFBILA00 properly; youwill also be able to use the new FI drilldown reports.

Business ExampleSoftware must always be measured by the degree to which entered data can beanalyzed and reported on using standard resources. First acquaint yourself withhow data is evaluated in New General Ledger Accounting, for example usingthe drilldown technique.

Task 1:Exercises for evaluating data in New General Ledger Accounting � the "classic":program RFBILA00

1. Call the balance sheet / profit and loss report RFBILA00 and display thefinancial statements for your company code AA## and ledger 0L.

Enter the following data on the selection screen:

Chart ofaccounts:

INT

Company code: AA##Ledger: 0L or leave blankFinancialstatementversion:

INT

Reporting year: Current fiscal yearReportingperiods:

1 to 16

Comparisonyear:

Previous year

Comparisonperiods:

1 to 16

List output: For example, ALV Tree Control




2. Optional:If you want, you can save your selection data in the RFBILA00mask as a report variant. Save it as variant VAR## with the meaning(description) Variant for company code AA##.

3. Start RFBILA00 again with the same parameters, but now try to (only) createfinancial statements for your segment SEG##.

4. Remain in your segment financial statement for segment SEG## and writedown the amount on the Spare Parts account (404000) as an example.

Note: In one of the next exercises, you will check whether the newFI drilldown report returns the same result.

Amount on Spare Parts account: ____________________________

5. Note: The following three task steps only make sense if you have alreadyconducted the exercise tasks from Unit 6 (Parallel Accounting).

Start RFBILA00 again with the same parameters, but without dynamicselection and for your non-leading ledger N#.

You should now only see the EUR 60 that result from the G/L accountposting (purchase of office supplies) from an exercise in Unit 6.

6. Why don�t you see the expense / revenue from the foreign currencyvaluation?

7. Select the following values in the selection screen for RFBILA00:

Chart ofaccounts:

INT

Company code: AA##Ledger: N#Financialstatementversion:

INT


Previous Month to Previous Month




Caution: If the exchange rate is defined in January of a year,choose �From January to January� for the reporting periods of thecurrent year.

Comparisonyear:

Previous year

Comparisonperiods:



Task 2:Exercises for Evaluating Data from New General Ledger Accounting � the NewStandard Drilldowns

1. Now call the financial statement for your company code AA## and ledger0L, with the FI drilldown Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison.You can start this report from the SAP Easy Access menu or with transactioncode FGI0.

Hint: It is up to you whether you want to use the conventionaldrilldown report or the graphical output.

Of course, to compare the two, you can also try both output types insuccession and then decide which one you prefer.

2. Optional: As you already know, you can use program variants toconsiderably simplify data entry for the drilldown reports...

3. Now try to create a segment financial statement from the displayedcompany code financial statement (therefore, do not go back and selectagain).

Display a financial statement for segment SEGA and then for segmentSEG##.

4. What is the amount in the spare parts account (404000) in the segmentfinancial statement for segment SEG##?





5. Does the amount correspond with the amount from the previous exercise?

6. Take a look at all of the other standard drilldowns supplied by SAP intransaction FGI0 and for example, start the drilldown entitled Segment:Plan/Actual/Variance and / or the drilldown with the description Payables:Profit Center for your company code AA## and use the suitable navigationsteps to obtain detailed information on the dataset of your company codeAA## and other FI characteristics.

Note: You can test which output type (graphical or classic) youprefer.



Solution 9: Data Evaluation in NewGeneral Ledger AccountingTask 1:Exercises for evaluating data in New General Ledger Accounting � the "classic":program RFBILA00

1. Call the balance sheet / profit and loss report RFBILA00 and display thefinancial statements for your company code AA## and ledger 0L.


Chart ofaccounts:

INT

Company code: AA##Ledger: 0L or leave blankFinancialstatementversion:

INT


1 to 16

Comparisonyear:

Previous year

Comparisonperiods:

1 to 16


a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports(New)→ Financial Statement / Cash Flow→ General→ Actual/ActualComparisons→ Financial Statement

b) Enter the data as specified in the exercise.

2. Optional:If you want, you can save your selection data in the RFBILA00mask as a report variant. Save it as variant VAR## with the meaning(description) Variant for company code AA##.

a) Go from the balance sheet called in step 1 back to the selection screenof the program and choose Goto→ Variants→ Save as Variant�

b) Enter the missing data as specified in the exercise.




3. Start RFBILA00 again with the same parameters, but now try to (only) createfinancial statements for your segment SEG##.

a) On the selection screen for program RFBILA00, choose Edit→Dynamic Selections.

Additional input options appear. Scroll down to the bottom right areaof the screen that appears. Enter your segment SEG## in the Segmentfield.

b) Start the report again.

4. Remain in your segment financial statement for segment SEG## and writedown the amount on the Spare Parts account (404000) as an example.

Note: In one of the next exercises, you will check whether the newFI drilldown report returns the same result.


a) If you started the financial statement with the ALV tree control, youwill have to expand the structure down to the Spare Parts account:node Profit and loss statement→ Raw materials and consumables→INT 3051000→ Expired cost of raw materials→ 404000 Spare Parts

5. Note: The following three task steps only make sense if you have alreadyconducted the exercise tasks from Unit 6 (Parallel Accounting).

Start RFBILA00 again with the same parameters, but without dynamicselection and for your non-leading ledger N#.




You should now only see the EUR 60 that result from the G/L accountposting (purchase of office supplies) from an exercise in Unit 6.


b) Enter the following data on the selection screen:

Chart ofaccounts:

INT

Company code: AA##Ledger: N#Financialstatementversion:

INT


1 to 16

Comparisonyear:

Previous year

Comparisonperiods:

1 to 16


6. Why don�t you see the expense / revenue from the foreign currencyvaluation?

Answer: This is because your selection is for the whole year and theforeign currency valuation is cancelled again on the first of the followingmonth. Therefore, the balance is EUR 0 for the selected reporting periodand is not displayed.

7. Select the following values in the selection screen for RFBILA00:

Chart ofaccounts:

INT

Company code: AA##Ledger: N#




Financialstatementversion:

INT



Caution: If the exchange rate is defined in January of a year,choose �From January to January� for the reporting periods of thecurrent year.

Comparisonyear:

Previous year

Comparisonperiods:




b) Please enter the required data in accordance with the description inthe exercise.




Task 2:Exercises for Evaluating Data from New General Ledger Accounting � the NewStandard Drilldowns

1. Now call the financial statement for your company code AA## and ledger0L, with the FI drilldown Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison.You can start this report from the SAP Easy Access menu or with transactioncode FGI0.

Hint: It is up to you whether you want to use the conventionaldrilldown report or the graphical output.

Of course, to compare the two, you can also try both output types insuccession and then decide which one you prefer.

a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports(New)→ Financial Statement / Cash Flow→ General→ Actual/ActualComparisons→ Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison.


Currency Type: 10 (company code currency)Company code: AA##Ledger: 0LFIS AnnualRep.Struc:

INT

Reporting Year: Current fiscal yearReportingPeriod frm:

1

ReportingPeriod to:

16

ComparisonYear:

Previous year

ComparisonPer. from:

1

ComparisonPeriod to:

16




2. Optional: As you already know, you can use program variants toconsiderably simplify data entry for the drilldown reports...

a) On the selection screen for the drilldown, choose Goto→ Variants→Save as Variant�

b) Enter a short description and name of your choice.

3. Now try to create a segment financial statement from the displayedcompany code financial statement (therefore, do not go back and selectagain).

Display a financial statement for segment SEGA and then for segmentSEG##.

a) Solution in the conventional drilldown report:

Select the characteristic FS Item/Account. You can choose Enter to skipthe initial documentation for hotspots.

b) Then click the navigation characteristic Segment. The twocharacteristics FS Item/Account and Segment have changed places.

c) Click the hash mark next to row Segment A. The navigationcharacteristics are highlighted in orange.

d) Now select the navigation characteristic FS Item/Account (again). Theresult is the segment financial statement for Segment A.

e) You can click the magnifying glass next to the navigation characteristicSegment to select the other segments.

4. What is the amount in the spare parts account (404000) in the segmentfinancial statement for segment SEG##?


a) SAP Easy Access menu: Accounting→ Financial Accounting→General Ledger→ Information System→ General Ledger Reports(New)→ Financial Statement / Cash Flow→ General→ Actual/ActualComparisons→ Financial Statement: Actual/Actual Comparison

5. Does the amount correspond with the amount from the previous exercise?

Answer: This must be the case if you have conducted all exercise steps inthe manner specified.

6. Take a look at all of the other standard drilldowns supplied by SAP intransaction FGI0 and for example, start the drilldown entitled Segment:Plan/Actual/Variance and / or the drilldown with the description Payables:




Profit Center for your company code AA## and use the suitable navigationsteps to obtain detailed information on the dataset of your company codeAA## and other FI characteristics.

Note: You can test which output type (graphical or classic) youprefer.

a) Call transaction FGI0 and expand the folder 002 (Reporting for TableFAGLFLEXT), 003 (Payables According to General Ledger AccountAssignments) and 004 (Receivables According to General LedgerAccount Assignments).

b) Now start the drilldown 0SAPBSPL-13 , (Segment:Plan/Actual/Variance) for your company code AA##, the ledger 0L andthe current period and navigate to the values for your segment SEG##.

Hint: There is no specific task to fulfill here, simply �play�with the drilldowns.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Use the various new G/L drilldown reports as the standard analysis tool

in new General Ledger Accounting� ... Use the program RFBILA00 for different ledgers and for new

characteristics� ... Understand the concept of the origin object type and the associated

(new) functions


AC210 Unit Summary

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Use the various new G/L drilldown reports as the standard analysis tool

in new General Ledger Accounting� ... Use the program RFBILA00 for different ledgers and for new

characteristics� ... Understand the concept of the origin object type and the associated

(new) functions


Unit Summary AC210


Unit 8Migration

Unit Overview


� ... Consider the important factors before a migration to the new generalledger and make informed decisions based on them

� ... Outline the components of the SAP General Ledger Migration service� ... Differentiate between different migration scenarios� ... Understand that SAP Standard Course AC212 (=> Migration to New

General Ledger Accounting) is a must, if you want/have to familiarizeyourself with the subject of �Migration�

Unit ContentsLesson: Migration .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .300


Unit 8: Migration AC210

Lesson: Migration

Lesson Overview� Distinction between the terms Legacy Data Transfer and Migration� Important points to consider before you migrate data to the new general

ledger� The phase model for migration� The SAP General Ledger Migration service� Standard migration scenarios


� ... Consider the important factors before a migration to the new generalledger and make informed decisions based on them

� ... Outline the components of the SAP General Ledger Migration service� ... Differentiate between different migration scenarios� ... Understand that SAP Standard Course AC212 (=> Migration to New


Business ExampleAn existing SAP customer has to keep working with the classic general ledgerinitially after the technical upgrade to SAP ERP. An existing customer wanting totake advantage of the features of the new G/L first has to migrate the classic FIdata to new G/L accounting.

We will now outline the conditions for such a migration...


AC210 Lesson: Migration

Figure 136: Legacy Data Transfer Versus Migration

In the case of both a migration and a new system implementation with subsequentlegacy data transfer, you have to initiate a separate project with the correspondingproject phases for the procedure.

Hint: This implementation project or new G/L project will have toaddress and resolve both technical and process-related aspects. It is notjust a table swap.

With regard to the default configuration of an SAP system and the activation ofthe new G/L, read SAP Note 756146.



Figure 137: Migration is a Project

* The term project content stands for the precise description of the initial situation.For example:

� Which SAP components do you already use/have you been using so far?� Are you required to portray your accounting figures according to more than

one set of accounting principles (using parallel accounting)?� ....� What does your target configuration in new general ledger accounting look

like:

� Which FI characteristics would you like to use in the new G/L?� Do you want to produce a profit and loss statement according to cost of

sales accounting or period accounting?� ...



Summary � Implementation of the New General Ledger for an existingcustomer:

� The technical upgrade to ERP is a separate project that you first need tofinish.

� The next project is then the �implementation of the New General Ledger�.Part of this project deals with the migration of data from classic generalledger accounting .

� The aim of a migration project should not be to simultaneously implement achart of accounts changeover or any other similar, complex system behavior.These would be other, separate projects. For more information about thistopic contact SAP at [email protected].

Figure 138: Migration = Migration of all Company Codes



Figure 139: The Phase Model for Migration

More information about posting material for phase 1:All FI documents forphase 1 that will be used later in document splitting (phase 2) should undergo acheck to determine whether the postings can be used with the �new G/L�. Thismakes it much easier to subsequently post the documents during the migration.

Hint: This �check� takes place in the system using Validation ofDocument Splitting .

To make the migration phase model �easier to visualize�, here is an examplewith concrete figures: Assume that the fiscal year is the calendar year and thatthe current date isMarch 23 of the year 200X. This leads to the followingrecommendations:

� Recommended migration date: January 1, 200X+1� Earliest possible migration date: January 1, 200X� Sample activation date for the New General Ledger Accounting if the

recommended migration date is selected: May 1, 200X+1� Activation date of the document splitting validation (with the corresponding

scenario selection): as soon as possible - no later than January 1, 200X+1



Now assume the following case: Today's Date: October 23, 200X. Therecommendations now are:

� Recommended migration date: January 1, 200X+1

Note: Depending on the migration scenario and depending on whether thenew G/L and Migration Customizing have or have not been implemented,January 1, 200X+2 may be a better date

� Earliest possible migration date: January 1, 200X � This date is only atheoretical option.

� Sample activation date of the New General Ledger Accounting: May 1,200X+1 or May 1, 200X+2

� Activation date of the document splitting validation (with the correspondingscenario selection): as soon as possible - no later than January 1, 200X+1or January 1, 200X+2

More information about posting material for phase 0: If you are usingmigration scenarios 3 or 5, document splitting (using a BAdI) must bepost-processed for OIs in phase 0.

Figure 140: Interaction � SAP Supports the Customer

It is clear that SAP is not using the SAP General Ledger Migration service to carryout the entire new G/L project; the service will only support the customer project.

* The consulting services that may be required in this case are not included in theSAP General Ledger Migration service.



Figure 141: Obligatory SAP General Ledger Migration Service � Components

Detailed information about the components mentioned above:

� Service SAP General Ledger Migration: SAP Service for migrating datafrom the classic general ledger to the new general ledger

� Service session for scenario validation and system analysis (SV): Serviceevent designed to check whether the migration package ordered by thecustomer matches the customer's business scenario. To do this, SAP extractsthe required information from the customer system and evaluates the datain one of its own systems.

� New G/L Migration Cockpit: User interface (=> UI) enabling the customerto perform the migration, consisting of the �Migration Monitor� and the�Process Tree�:

� Migration Monitor: Process monitor in which you can see the statusand results of the migration.

� Process Tree: The process tree resembles an IMG and maps all thesteps to be carried out. These depend on the package and are thusput together on a scenario basis. In this way, the customer receivestailor-made guidance through the migration process.

� Service session for test validation (TV): Service event comprising technicalplausibility checks in the migrated data.

The SAP General Ledger Migration service ensures the quality of a projectfor migration to the new G/L and minimizes possible risks connected with theproject. As described, the service sessions verify the approach to the project and



the performance of the data migration and therefore contribute to ensuring dataconsistency after the migration. The Migration Cockpit simplifies handling themigration and makes the process considerably less complex.

Hint: Previous experience with migration projects (=> as of April 2009,over 100 customers worldwide had already migrated) has shown that themigration service is an important factor for the success of the project.

Figure 142: More Information About New G/L Migration Is Available �

On the website, you can navigate to an FAQ note about Migration, SAP Note1070629.



Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:� ... Consider the important factors before a migration to the new general

ledger and make informed decisions based on them� ... Outline the components of the SAP General Ledger Migration service� ... Differentiate between different migration scenarios� ... Understand that SAP Standard Course AC212 (=> Migration to New



AC210 Unit Summary

Unit SummaryYou should now be able to:� ... Consider the important factors before a migration to the new general

ledger and make informed decisions based on them� ... Outline the components of the SAP General Ledger Migration service� ... Differentiate between different migration scenarios� ... Understand that SAP Standard Course AC212 (=> Migration to New



Unit Summary AC210


AC210 Course Summary

Course SummaryYou should now be able to:

� ... understand the logic and possibilities of new G/L accounting� ... configure and operate new G/L accounting


Course Summary AC210


FeedbackSAP AG has made every effort in the preparation of this course to ensure theaccuracy and completeness of the materials. If you have any corrections orsuggestions for improvement, please record them in the appropriate place in thecourse evaluation.


AC210_GL

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