VinylSidingInstallationManual

Updated October 2004

This guide is published by the Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc. (VSI) as a service tothe industry. VSI members are manufacturers of vinyl siding and suppliers tothe vinyl siding industry. The information provided in this publication is offeredin good faith and believed to be reliable, but is made without warranty, expressor implied, as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or any othermatter. VSI does not endorse the proprietary products or processes of anymanufacturer.

This publication is not intended to provide specific advice, legal or otherwise, onparticular products or processes. Readers should consult with their own legaland technical advisors, vinyl siding suppliers, and other appropriate sources(including but not limited to product or package labels, technical bulletins, orsales literature) that contain information about known and reasonably foresee-able health and safety risks of their proprietary products and processes. VSI, itsmembers, and contributors do not assume any responsibility for the users' com-pliance with applicable laws and regulations, nor for any persons relying on theinformation contained in this guide.

Information about individual manufacturers' products contained herein has beenprovided by those manufacturers, who are solely responsible for the accuracyand completeness of the data.

For general information about vinyl siding, contact the Vinyl Siding Institute at:

National Housing Center1201 15th Street NW, Suite 220Washington, DC 20005Web site: <www.vinylsiding.org>

Abridged versions of this manual are available in Spanish, Korean, French, andPolish.

Use of Manufacturers’ Instructions Some specialized products may require unique installation instructions.Please contact the manufacturer directly for information about installingthose products.

Copyright © (2004) The Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced orused in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping,or information storage and retrieval systems—without the written permission of the copyright owner.

CCOONNTTEENNTTSS

Foreword ....................................................................................................................................1

Important Notes ..........................................................................................................................2

Weather Resistant Barrier ......................................................................................................2Fire Safety Information ..........................................................................................................2Storage and Transportation....................................................................................................3Historic Restoration ................................................................................................................3Basic Installation Rules ..........................................................................................................4Cleanup ..................................................................................................................................5 Disposal..................................................................................................................................5

Terms to Know............................................................................................................................6

Materials, Tools, and Accessories ............................................................................................8

Panel Profiles ........................................................................................................................8Basic Installation Tools and Equipment..................................................................................8Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................9Accessories ............................................................................................................................9

Getting Started ........................................................................................................................10

Materials ..............................................................................................................................10How to Measure ..................................................................................................................10

Estimating Required Materials ......................................................................................10Estimating Worksheet ....................................................................................................12

Fastener Choices ................................................................................................................13Fastening Procedure ............................................................................................................14Cutting the Siding ................................................................................................................15Preparing the Walls ..............................................................................................................16

New Construction ..........................................................................................................16Residing..........................................................................................................................16

Installing Accessories ............................................................................................................17

Starter Strip ..........................................................................................................................17Outside and Inside Corner Posts ........................................................................................18Windows, Doors, and Roof Lines ........................................................................................19Gable and Trim ....................................................................................................................22

Horizontal Siding Installation..................................................................................................23

Installing Panels ..................................................................................................................23Fitting Siding Around Fixtures ..............................................................................................24Fitting Under Windows ........................................................................................................24

CCOONNTTEENNTTSS ((CCOONNTT..))

Sidewall Flashing at Roof Lines............................................................................................25Finishing at the Top ..............................................................................................................26Transition from Horizontal to Vertical ....................................................................................27Transition from Brick to Vinyl Siding ....................................................................................27

Vertical Siding and Accessories Installation..........................................................................28

Preparation............................................................................................................................28Accessories ..........................................................................................................................28

Installing Outside and Inside Corner Posts ....................................................................28Bottom Receiver ..............................................................................................................29Window, Door, and Roof Trim ........................................................................................29

Sidewalls ..............................................................................................................................30Starter Strip ....................................................................................................................30Panels..............................................................................................................................31Windows and Doors ........................................................................................................31Corners............................................................................................................................31Gable Ends......................................................................................................................32

Soffit Installation ......................................................................................................................33

Preparation............................................................................................................................33Installation Over Open Eaves ..............................................................................................34Installation Over Enclosed Eaves ........................................................................................36Porch Ceilings ......................................................................................................................37

New Construction Projects ..............................................................................................37Residing Projects ............................................................................................................38

Other Recommendations..........................................................................................................38

Attaching Shutters ................................................................................................................38Replacing a Damaged Panel ................................................................................................39Residing Over Asbestos Siding ............................................................................................39Capping a Corner Post ........................................................................................................39Repairing a Damaged Corner Post ......................................................................................39

FFOORREEWWOORRDDKnown for its outstanding performance qualities, vinyl siding is increasingly thematerial of choice for homeowners, remodeling contractors, architects, andbuilders. Compared to other siding products, vinyl is attractive, durable, easy tomaintain, and cost-effective. Siding is available in a variety of architectural styles,eye-catching colors, design-enhancing profiles, finishes, and textures.

For best results, it is recommended that vinyl siding meet the requirements of theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)D3679–Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(VinylChloride)(PVC) Siding. As a service to the industry, the Vinyl SidingInstitute (VSI) sponsors a program that allows manufactur-ers to certify, with independent, third-party verification, thattheir siding meets or exceeds this specification. For a list-ing of certified products, see VSI’s Web site at www.vinyl-siding.org. In addition, look for the certification label onboxes of siding (Fig. 1).

This manual sets forth the basic guidelines for vinyl siding installation. The instruc-tions herein are based, in part, on ASTM D4756, Standard Practice for Installationof Rigid Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit, the standard method forinstallation of vinyl siding and soffit. Updated information has been added as nec-essary. Additionally, it is recommended that installers review local buildingcodes and manufacturers’ literature for variations that may apply to specificproducts or geographic areas.

The method of applying vinyl siding and soffit is essentially the same for new con-struction and residing. However, where required, special instructions for new con-struction and residing are included, as well as recommendations for historicrestoration. In all applications, care should be exercised to properly prepare thestructure. See the “Basic Installation Rules” and additional details throughout thisdocument for proper installation techniques.

FFiigguurree 11..

1

NNOOTTEE:: VViinnyyll ssiiddiinngg iinnssttaalllleerrss wwiitthh aatt lleeaasstt oonnee yyeeaarr ooffeexxppeerriieennccee ccaann bbeeccoommee aa VVSSII CCeerrttiiffiieedd IInnssttaalllleerr,, iiff tthheeyyssuucccceessssffuullllyy ccoommpplleettee aa ccoouurrssee aanndd ppaassss aa wwrriitttteenneexxaammiinnaattiioonn.. CCeerrttiiffiieedd IInnssttaalllleerrss rreecceeiivvee aann iiddeennttiiffiiccaa--ttiioonn bbaaddggee aanndd aarree lliisstteedd oonn VVSSII’’ss WWeebb ssiittee.. FFoorr mmoorreeiinnffoorrmmaattiioonn oonn tthhee VVSSII CCeerrttiiffiieedd IInnssttaalllleerr PPrrooggrraamm,,vviissiitt wwwwww..vviinnyyllssiiddiinngg..oorrgg..

IIMMPPOORRTTAANNTT NNOOTTEESS

Weather Resistant BarrierVinyl siding has always been designed as an exterior cladding, not a weather resistant barrier.Vinyl siding is designed to allow the material underneath it to breathe; therefore, it is not awatertight covering. Because of its design and application, it provides a supplemental rain screenthat enhances the weather resistant barrier system by reducing the amount of water that reaches theunderlying weather resistant barrier.

What Is a Weather Resistant Barrier System? It is a system that includes water shedding materialsand water diversion materials. Weather resistant barrier systems commonly consist of a combinationof exterior cladding, flashed wall openings and penetrations, weather resistant barrier material, andsheathing. Effective weather resistant barrier systems will shed the water initially, control moisture flowby capillary and diffusion action, and minimize absorption into the wall structure. The level of weatherresistance required is determined by the applicable building code and structure.

Best Practice: To achieve designed performance, vinyl siding must be installed over a weather resis-tant barrier system that includes 1) a continuous weather resistant material and 2) properly integratedflashing around all penetrations and where vinyl siding interfaces with other building products such asbrick, stone, or stucco. Refer to the manufacturer’s installation manual for specific product applicationsand recommendations. Whichever product(s) you decide to use as part of a weather resistant barriersystem, be certain the materials meet the applicable code by contacting the manufacturer of theweather resistant barrier material(s). Always consult the applicable building code for minimum weatherbarrier requirements in your area. Keep in mind that additional measures may provide better protec-tion against water intrusion than the minimum requirements of the building code.

Fire Safety Information Exterior vinyl building materials require little maintenance for many years. Nevertheless, commonsense dictates that builders and suppliers of vinyl products store, handle, and install vinyl materials ina manner that avoids damage to the product and/or the structure. Owners and installers should take afew simple steps to protect vinyl building materials from fire.

To Home and Building Owners: Rigid vinyl siding is made from organic materials and will melt orburn when exposed to a significant source of flame or heat. Building owners, occupants, and outsidemaintenance personnel should always take normal precautions to keep sources of fire, such as grills,and combustible materials, such as dry leaves, mulch, and trash, away from vinyl siding.

To the Building Trades, Specifiers, Professionals, and to Do-It-Yourself Installers: When rigid vinylsiding is exposed to significant heat or flame, the vinyl will soften, sag, melt, or burn, and may therebyexpose material underneath. Care must be exercised when selecting underlayment materials becausemany underlayment materials are made from organic materials that are combustible. It is important toascertain the fire properties of underlayment materials prior to installation. All building materials shouldbe installed in accordance with local, state, and federal building code and fire regulations.

2

Storage and TransportationWhen transporting vinyl siding to a job site, make certain to keep the cartons flat and supported alongtheir entire length. At the job site, take the following precautions when storing panels:

■ Store the cartons on a flat surface and support the entire length of the cartons.

■ Keep the cartons dry.

■ Store the cartons away from areas where falling objects or other construction activity maycause damage.

■ Do not store the cartons in stacks more than 12 boxes high.

■ Do not store the cartons in any location where temperatures may exceed 130° F (e.g., onblacktop pavement during unusually hot weather or under dark tarps or plastic wraps withoutair circulation).

3

Historic RestorationWhen using vinyl siding for historic restoration, VSI recommends the following:

■ If a building is in a historic area, local Historic District, or has been designated as a historicbuilding, make sure that approval for the use of vinyl siding has been obtained from thelocal historic society or local Historic District Commission. This applies to building additionsas well.

■ Before a historic building is resided, it should be examined for moisture, insect infestation,structural defects, and other problems that may be present. These problems should beaddressed and the building pronounced “healthy” before residing with any material.

■ Do not damage or remove the original siding. If at all possible, do not alter the originalstructure, so that the application of vinyl siding is reversible (i.e., the original siding wouldremain intact in the future, so that if desired, the vinyl siding could be removed). Exception:“In cases where a nonhistoric artificial siding has been applied to the building, the removalof such a siding before application of vinyl siding would, in most cases, be acceptable.”(Preservation Briefs, Number 8, U.S. Department of Interior, 1984.)1

■ Exercise every care to retain architectural details wherever possible. Do not remove, cover,or add details until the building owners’ written approval has been obtained. Determine thatthe owner has consulted the local historic society for approval.

■ Use siding that closely approximates the appearance of the original siding in color, size,and style. In historic districts, the goal is to match the product as closely as possible andretain the original trim.

1Preservation Briefs, Number 8, can be ordered by contacting the Superintendent of Documents at 202 512-1800. Or, the brief canbe viewed via the Heritage Preservation Web site at www2.cr.nps.gov/. GPO stock number: 024-005-01026-2

BBAASSIICC IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN RRUULLEESS

Before getting started, it is important to review several rules of thumb for

vinyl siding application. The following rules, which come up throughout this

guide, are critical for proper vinyl siding installation:

1. Installed panels must move freely from side to side.

2. When installing a siding panel, push up from the bottom until the lock isfully engaged with the piece below it. Without stretching the panel,reach up and fasten it into place.

3. Fasten nails or other fasteners in the center of the nailing slot.

4. Do not force the panels up or down when fastening in position.

5. Do not drive the head of the fastener tightly against the siding nail hem.Allow 1/32" (about the thickness of a dime) clearance between the fas-tener head and the siding panel. Drive fasteners straight and level toprevent distortion and buckling of the panel.

6. Leave a minimum of 1/4" clearance at all openings and stops to allowfor normal expansion and contraction. When installing in temperaturesbelow 40° F, increase minimum clearance to 3/8".

7. Do not caulk the panels where they meet the receiver of inside corners,outside corners, or J-trim. Do not caulk the overlap joints.

8. Do not face-nail or staple through siding. Vinyl siding expands and con-tracts with outside temperature changes. Face-nailing can result in rip-ples in the siding.

9. In residing, furring or removal of uneven original siding may be necessary.

10.In new construction, avoid the use of green lumber as the underlay-ment. Keep in mind that siding can only be as straight and stable aswhat lies under it.

11.The installation of specific products may differ in details from theinstructions given in this manual. Always follow the manufacturer'sinstructions, using parts specified by the manufacturer, to ensure properinstallation.

4

5

Cleanup The beauty of vinyl siding is maintained with little effort. Although vinyl siding will get dirty, like any-thing exposed to the atmosphere, a heavy rain will do wonders in cleaning it. Or, it's possible to washit down with an ordinary garden hose. If neither rain nor hosing does a satisfactory job, follow thesesimple instructions:

1. Use an ordinary, long-handled car washing brush. This brush has soft bristles, and the handle fastensonto the end of the hose. It allows the siding to be washed just like a car. Avoid using stiff bristlebrushes or abrasive cleaners, which may change the gloss of the cleaned area and cause the sidingto look splotchy.

2. To remove soot and grime found in industrial areas, wipe down the siding with a solution made upof the following:

■ 1/3 cup powdered detergent (e.g., Fab®, Tide®, or equivalent powder detergent)*

■ 2/3 cup powdered household cleaner (e.g., Soilax®, Spic & Span®, or equivalent)*

■ 1 gallon water

3. If mildew is a problem, use the solution previously mentioned, but add 1 quart liquid laundrybleach.

4. When washing down your entire house, start at the bottom and work up to the top in order to pre-vent streaking.

5. For stubborn stains, use the following chart:

Follow the precautionary labelinginstructions on the cleaning agentcontainer. Protect shrubs fromdirect contact with cleaningagents.

DisposalDispose of all scrap or excesstrim in a manner that is consis-tent with local and state rulesand regulations. For informationon recycling leftover vinyl sidingscrap, order a how-to guide fromthe American Plastics Council, at 1-800-243-5790.

STAIN CLEANERS*

Bubble Gum Fantastik®, Murphy’s Oil Soap®, or solution of vinegar (30 percent) and water (70 percent)

Crayon Lestoil®

DAP (Oil-based caulk) Fantastik®

Felt-tip Pen Fantastik® or water-based cleaners

Grass Fantastik®, Lysol®, Murphy’s Oil Soap®, or Windex®

Lipstick Fantastik® or Murphy’s Oil Soap®

Lithium Grease Fantastik®, Lestoil®, Murphy’s Oil Soap®, or Windex®

Mold and Mildew Fantastik® or solution of vinegar (30 percent) andwater (70 percent)

Motor Oil Fantastik®, Lysol®, Murphy’s Oil Soap®, or Windex®

Oil Soft Scrub®

Paint Brillo® Pad or Soft Scrub®

Pencil Soft Scrub®

Rust Fantastik®, Murphy’s Oil Soap®, or Windex®

Tar Soft Scrub®

Top Soil Fantastik®, Lestoil®, or Murphy’s Oil Soap®

*Cleaning materials are listed in alphabetical order.

VSI does not endorse proprietary products or processes and makes no warranties for the productsreferenced herein. Reference to proprietary names is for illustrative purposes only and is notintended to imply that there are not equally effective alternatives.

TTEERRMMSS TTOO KKNNOOWW

Backerboard—a flat material used on the face of the house, applied between the studs and thesiding (or over existing wall surface), to provide an even surface for installing vinyl siding.

Buttlock—the bottom edge of a siding or soffit panel, or accessory piece, opposite the nailingslots, which locks onto to the preceding panel.

Channel—the area of the accessory trim or corner post where siding or soffit panels are inserted.Channels also refer to the trim itself, and are named for the letters of the alphabet they resemble(e.g., J-channel or J-trim, F-channel, etc.).

Course—a row of panels, one panel wide, running the length of the house from one side to the other,or, in the case of vertical siding, from top to bottom.

Drip Cap/Head Flashing—an accessory installed with vertical siding to ensure that water drips awayfrom panels and does not infiltrate them.

Double Channel Lineal—a siding accessory that joins two soffit panels.

Face—refers to the side of a siding or soffit panel that is showing once the panel has beeninstalled.

Face-nailing—the action of fastening directly onto the “face” side of a panel (instead of using thenail hem slot). This practice is generally not used in siding installation.

Fascia—the trim covering the ends of roof rafters. Fascia Board—a board attached to the ends ofthe rafters between the roofing material and the soffit overhang. Fascia Cap or Cover—the cover-ing around a fascia board.

6

FFiigguurree 22..

GGaabbllee

VVeerrttiiccaallssiiddiinngg

UUttiilliittyyttrriimm

OOuuttssiiddeeccoorrnneerrppoosstt

HHoorriizzoonnttaall

ssiiddiinngg

WWiinnddoowwhheeaadd

ffllaasshhiinngg

FFaasscciiaa

DDoorrmmeerr

JJ--ttrriimm

RRaakkeeSSooffffiitt

SSttaarrtteerrssttrriipp

IInnssiiddee ccoorrnneerrppoosstt

WWiinnddooww

aanndd ddoooorr

ttrriimm

EEaavvee

Flashing—a thin, flat material, usually aluminum, positioned under or behind J-channels, corner posts, windows,etc., to keep draining water from penetrating the home.

Furring/Furring Strip—usually a wood 1" x 2" strip used to even a surface in preparation for installing vinyl sid-ing. To “fur” a surface means to apply these strips.

Lap—to overlap the ends of two siding panels or accessory pieces to allow for expansion and contraction of thevinyl product.

Lug/Crimp—the raised “ears” or tabs on a siding panel, created by a snap lock punch, which can be used to locka siding panel into place when the nailing hem has been removed.

Miter—to make a diagonal cut, beveled to a specific angle (usually 45°). Sometimes miter cuts are made into anoverlapping siding or soffit panel surface, to provide a neater appearance.

Nailing Hem (or Flange)—the section of siding or accessories where the nailing slots are located.

Nail Hole Slot Punch—refer to page 9 for illustration and use.

Plumb—a position or measurement that is truly and exactlyvertical, 90° from a level surface.

Rake (roof)—the inclined, usually projecting edge of a slopingroof. Rake (wall)—the board or molding placed along the slop-ing sides of a gable to cover the ends of the siding.

Scoring—running a utility knife blade, a sharpened awl,scoring tool, or other sharp implement across a soffit or sid-ing panel face without cutting all the way through the panel.This weakens the vinyl surface in a specific area and allowsthe panel to be bent and broken off cleanly.

Sealant—any of a variety of compounds used to fill or sealjoints in wood, metal, masonry, vinyl, and other materials.

Shim—a building material used to even a surface prior toinstalling vinyl siding.

Snap Lock Tool—refer to page 9 for illustration and use.

Soffit—material used to enclose the horizontal underside of an eave, cornice, or overhang. Soffit is designed tobe installed lengthwise from wall to fascia.

Starter Strip—an accessory applied directly to the surface of the building and used to secure the first course of sid-ing to the home.

Underlayment—weather resistant material placed under vinyl siding panels.

Utility Trim—a piece of trim used any time the top lock has been removed from the siding, to secure a sidingpanel. Also referred to as “undersill” or “finish” trim.

Weep Holes—openings cut into siding or accessories to allow for water runoff.

Zip Lock Tool—also known as an unlocking tool; refer to page 9 for illustration and use.

7

FFiigguurree 33..

MMAATTEERRIIAALLSS,, TTOOOOLLSS,, AANNDD AACCCCEESSSSOORRIIEESS

Panel ProfilesVinyl siding comes in a variety of shapes, tex-tures, and colors, creating a wide array of looksfor different houses. It is manufactured primarilywith durable polyvinyl chloride in several differentprofiles, including single, double, triple, vertical,and Dutch lap (Fig. 4).

There are also various types of vinyl soffit (thematerial used to enclose the underside of aneave or overhang). Soffit can be vented, solid, ora combination of the two (Fig. 5) and is designedto maximize airflow, preventing moisture accu-mulation and heat buildup between the sidingand the house.

Basic Installation Tools and Equipment

Common hand tools, such as a hammer, fine-tooth saw, square, chalkline, level, and tapemeasure, are needed for proper installation (Fig. 6). Safetyglasses are recommended for eye protection. Other basictools include:

Power Saw

A bench or radial-arm power saw can speed the cutting of thesiding. A fine-tooth blade (12 to 16 teeth per inch) should beused with the blade installed in the reverse direction. Someapplicators prefer a hand-held power saw. In extremely coldweather, move the saw through the material slowly to preventchipping or cracking (Fig. 7).

FFiigguurree 66..

FFiigguurree 77..

NNOOTTEE:: AA ssaaww bbllaaddee sseett uupp iinn rreevveerrssee

ddiirreeccttiioonn sshhoouulldd bbee uusseedd oonnllyy ffoorr ccuuttttiinngg

vviinnyyll.. DDOO NNOOTT aatttteemmpptt ttoo uussee iitt oonn ootthheerr

mmaatteerriiaallss ssuucchh aass wwoooodd,, ppllyywwoooodd,, eettcc..

FFiigguurree 55..

FFiigguurree 44..

8

Utility Knife

Vinyl is easy to cut, trim, and score with a utility knife or scoring tool (Fig. 8).

Tin Snips

Good quality tin snips or compound aviation-type snips will speed the cut-ting and shaping of the vinyl (Fig. 8).

Special ToolsSnap Lock Punch

A snap lock punch is used to punch lugs in the cut edges of siding to beused for the top or finishing course at the top of a wall, or underneath a window (Fig. 9).

Nail Hole Slot Punch

Occasionally, it may be necessary to elongate a nail hem slot. The hole iselongated to allow for expansion and contraction (Fig. 9).

Unlocking Tool (Zip Lock Tool)

Remove or replace a siding panel with the unlocking tool. Insert the curved endof the tool under the end of the panel and hook onto the back lip of the buttlock.To disengage the lock, pull down and slide the tool along the length of thepanel. Use the same procedure to relock a panel (Fig. 9).

AccessoriesOutside and Inside Corner Posts

Corner posts are used to provide a finished edge at an inside oroutside corner. The siding from adjoining walls fits neatly intothe inside or outside corner post channels. Appropriate widths ofchannel openings are available to accommodate various config-urations of siding.

Trim and Molding

A complete line of accessories is used to give every installa-tion a professional appearance, while providing a weatherresistant facade. Some accessories include trim, starterstrips, molding, F-channels, drip caps, and J-channels (Fig. 10). Each of these accessories will be addressed inmore detail throughout this manual.

FFiigguurree 88..

FFiigguurree 99..

FFiigguurree 1100..

UUttiilliittyy kknniiffee

TTiinn ssnniippss

MMoollddiinngg SSttaarrtteerr ssttrriippUUttiilliittyy ttrriimm

DDrriipp ccaapp// ffllaasshhiinngg

JJ--cchhaannnneell FF--cchhaannnneell

SSnnaapp lloocckk ppuunncchh

NNaaiill hhoollee sslloott ppuunncchh

UUnnlloocckkiinngg ttooooll

NNOOTTEE:: VViinnyyll ssiiddiinngg mmaannuuffaaccttuurreerrss pprroodduuccee vvaarriioouuss ssiizzeess ooff JJ--cchhaannnneellss aannddccoorrnneerr ppoossttss.. RReemmeemmbbeerr ttoo oorrddeerr aacccceessssoorriieess ooff tthhee pprrooppeerr ssiizzee ttoo mmaattcchhtthhee ssiiddiinngg ppaanneellss.. CCoonnssuulltt tthhee mmaannuuffaaccttuurreerr ffoorr tthhee aapppprroopprriiaattee ssiizzee..

9

GGEETTTTIINNGG SSTTAARRTTEEDD

MaterialsSheathing/Backerboard

Vinyl siding should be applied over a sheathing that provides a smooth, flat surface. Consult localbuilding codes for sheathing requirements. Vinyl siding should never be applied directly to studs with-out sheathing. As an alternative, installation of specific types of contoured foam underlayments forvarious styles of vinyl siding are available. Some manufacturers of vinyl siding do not recommend theuse of drop-in backers with certain vinyl siding configurations.

Weather Resistant Barrier

Vinyl siding should be installed over a continuous weather resistant barrier to stop the intrusion ofincidental water. Refer to page 2 for more information on weather resistant barriers. See your localbuilding code official for requirements in your area.

Flashing

Code-compliant flashing should be integrated with the weather resistant barrier and applied aroundwindows, doors, and other openings. Flashing should also be applied to inside and outside corners,and the intersection of walls and roofing to prevent water infiltration.

How to MeasureEstimating Required Materials

■ All houses can be broken down into shapes of rectangles or triangles, or a combinationof both.

■ The area to be sided can be determined by measuring the height and width of thehouse, including windows (Fig. 11).

■ Total all of the measurements for the areas to besided. Windows and doors are not usually deduct-ed. Including them will provide an allowance factor for waste. If the windows and doors areextremely large (such as a garage or sliding glass doors), some deductions can be made(Fig. 12-14).

■ To estimate the amount of starter strip required,measure the linear feet around the entire base ofthe house.

■ Add a factor of 10 percent to all material esti-mates to allow for waste.

FFiigguurree 1111.. WWaallll AArreeaass

HHeeiigghhtt________ffeeeett xx wwiiddtthh________ffeeeett ==

________ssqquuaarree ffeeeett

hheeiigghhtt

wwiiddtthh

10

11

FFiigguurree 1122.. GGaabbllee aarreeaass FFiigguurree 1133.. GGaammbbrreell rrooooff hhoouussee

½½ hheeiigghhtt xx wwiiddtthh == ________ aarreeaa ooff ggaabbllee ((ssqquuaarree ffeeeett)) ½½ ((AA ++ BB)) xx CC ++ ½½ BB xx DD == ________ ttoottaall aarreeaa ooff ggaabbllee((ssqquuaarree ffeeeett))

hheeiigghhtt

DD

CC

BB

AA

FFiigguurree 1144.. DDoorrmmeerr aarreeaass

½½ hheeiigghhtt xx wwiiddtthh == ________ aarreeaa ooff ddoorrmmeerr ((ssqquuaarree ffeeeett))

wwiiddtthh

hheeiigghhtt

wwiiddtthh

12

EEssttiimmaattiinngg WWoorrkksshheeeettUse the following worksheet to estimate the required materials*:

Siding Walls ______square feetGable ends ______square feetDormer sides ______square feetUpper gambrel walls ______square feetTotal wall surface area ______square feet (A)

Large areas not to be covered:(garage doors/sliding doors) ______square feet

x 0.50 =Uncovered area ______square feet (B)Subtract B from A for

Total net surface area ______square feet

Soffit ______square feet

Porch Ceiling ______square feet

Lattice ______linear feet

Accessories Starter strip ______linear feetUtility trim ______linear feet

Receiving channel J-channel ______linear feetDesigner J-channel ______linear feetFlexible J-channel ______linear feetF-channel ______linear feet3 1/2" /5" lineals ______linear feetDual undersill trim ______linear feet

Outside corners Outside corner post ______linear feetDesigner corner trim ______linear feetRestoration corners ______linear feet

Inside corners Inside corner post ______linear feetJ-channel ______linear feet

Other Soffit cove trim ______linear feetSoffit double channel lineal ______linear feetU-channel (for lattice) ______linear feetLight blocks ______Width of accessory recess opening:(circle one) 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1 1/4"

Nails Pounds requiredLength (1 1/2" minimum) ______

Tools needed __ hammer __ tin snips __ tape measure__ chalkline __ utility knife __ level __ square __ hacksaw __ power saw__ nail hole slot punch __ snap lock punch__ unlocking tool __ fine-tooth saw blade

* Add a factor of 10 percent to all material estimates to allow for waste.

13

Fastener ChoicesUse aluminum, galvanized steel, or other corrosion-resistant nails, staples,or screws when installing vinyl siding. Aluminum trim pieces require alu-minum or stainless steel fasteners. All fasteners must be able to penetratenot less than 3/4" into framing or furring (Fig. 15). (Review your local buildingcodes for variations that may apply to specific geographic areas.)

Nails

Nail heads should be 5/16" minimum in diameter. Shank should be 1/8" indiameter (Fig. 15).

Screw Fasteners

Screw fasteners can be used if the screws do not restrict the normal expan-sion and contraction movement of the vinyl siding panel on the wall. Screwsmust be centered in the slot with a minimum 1/32" space between the screwhead and the vinyl. Screws must be able to penetrate not less than 3/4" intoframing or furring and should be:

■ Size #8, truss head or pan head.

■ Corrosion-resistant, self-tapping sheet metal type.

FFiigguurree 1155..

33//44"

FFaasstteenneerr

VViinnyyll SSiiddiinngg

PPllyywwoooodd oorr OOSSBBSShheeaatthhiinngg

WWoooodd

FFrraammiinngg

33//44"

FFaasstteenneerr

VViinnyyll SSiiddiinngg

WWoooodd LLaappSSiiddiinngg

FFaann FFoolldd((ffooaamm uunnddeerr--llaayymmeenntt))

OOrriiggiinnaallSShheeaatthhiinngg

WWoooodd

FFrraammiinngg

33//44"

FFaasstteenneerr

VViinnyyll SSiiddiinngg

FFuurrrriinngg SSttrriipp((mmiinn.. 33//44""))

BBlloocckk oorr

CCoonnccrreettee

11/88 "55/1166 "

mmiinniimmuumm

NNeeww CCoonnssttrruuccttiioonn OOvveerr BBlloocckk oorr CCoonnccrreetteeRReessiiddiinngg

FFaasstteenniinngg PPrroocceedduurree

Vinyl siding can expand and contract 1/2" or moreover a 12' 6" length with changes in temperature.Whether using a nail, screw, or staple to fasten thesiding, the following basic rules must be followed:

■ Make sure the panels arefully locked along the length ofthe bottom, but do not forcethem up tight when fastening.

■ Do not drive the head of the fastener tightly against the siding nail hem. Allow 1/32" clear-ance (the thickness of a dime) between the fas-tener head and the vinyl. Tight nailing,screwing, or stapling will cause the vinylsiding to buckle with changes in tempera-ture (Fig. 16).

■ When fastening, start in the center of thepanel and work toward the ends.

■ Center the fasteners in the slots to permitexpansion and contraction of the siding (Fig. 17).

■ Drive fasteners straight and level to prevent distortion and buckling of the panel (Fig. 18).

■ Space the fasteners a maximum of 16" apartfor the horizontal siding panels, every 12" forthe vertical siding panels, and every 8" to 10"for the accessories. These distances may beincreased if the manufacturer permits greaterspacing based on wind load testing. Start fas-tening vertical siding and corner posts in thetop of the uppermost slots to hold them inposition. Place all other fasteners in the centerof the slots (Fig. 19).

FFiigguurree 1177..

FFiigguurree 1188..

FFiigguurree 1199..

YYEESS

YYEESS

ssttaarrttiinngg nnaaiillccoorrnneerr ppoosstt

NNOO

NNOO

14

FFiigguurree 1166..

NNOO

NNOO

YYEESS NNOO

nnoott ttoooo ttiigghhtt

Staples

If staples are being used instead of nails or screws, they must (Fig. 20):

■ Not be less than 16-gauge semi-flattened to an ellipticalcross-section.

■ Penetrate not less than 3/4" into framing or furring.

■ Be wide enough in the crown to allow free movement of the siding (1/32" away from the nailing hem).

Cutting the SidingWhen cutting vinyl siding, follow these guidelines:

■ Safety goggles are always recommended for all cutting and nailing operations. As on any constructionjob, use proper safety equipment and follow safeconstruction practices.

■ With a circular saw, install the fine-toothed (plywood)blade backwards on the saw for a smoother, cleanercut, especially in cold weather. (Fig. 21.) Cut slowly.Do not attempt to cut materials other than vinyl with areversed direction saw blade.

Caution! Use of a backwards blade on any othermaterials could be unsafe.

■ With tin snips, avoid closing the blades completely at the end of a stroke for a neater, cleaner cut (Fig. 22).

■ With a utility knife or scoring tool, score the vinyl face up with mediumpressure and snap it in half. It is not necessary to cut all the waythrough the vinyl (Fig. 23).

FFiigguurree 2200..

FFiigguurree 2211..

IInnssttaallll bbllaaddee

bbaacckkwwaarrddss

FFiigguurree 2222.. FFiigguurree 2233..

11/3322"

15

Preparing the WallsA flat, level wall surface is necessary for proper installation of vinyl siding. Installflashing before starting to apply the siding.

Unless already installed, a weather resistant barrier should be applied to the houseprior to installing vinyl siding. Refer to page 2 for more information on weatherresistant barriers. Consult your local building code official for requirements in your area.

New Construction

■ Tip: To reduce the possibility of the floor-plate compression, drywall, roof-ing, or other heavy building materials should be installed or storedthroughout the house prior to the installation of vinyl siding. Floor-platecompression can result in buckled siding at the intersection of the floorand the wall.

Residing

■ Nail down loose boards of existingsiding, and replace any rotten ones(Fig. 24). Do not install vinyl siding over rotting wood.

■ Scrape off loose caulk and re-caulkaround windows, doors, and otherareas to protect from moisture penetration.

■ Remove all protrusions such as gut-ters, downspouts, and light fixtures.

■ Check all walls for evenness and install furring strips where necessary. When installing furring strips, please take appropri-ate measures to establish a smooth and continuous surface. (Fig. 25).

NNOOTTEE:: IInn ccaasseess wwhheerree tthhee lloowweerr ppoorrttiioonn ooff aahhoorriizzoonnttaall ssiiddiinngg ppaanneell mmuusstt bbee ttrriimmmmeedd ssootthhaatt iitt mmaayy bbee iinnssttaalllleedd oovveerr sstteeppss,, ppoorrcchheess,,eettcc..,, tthhee ppaanneell sshhoouulldd bbee bbuuiilltt oouutt ((““ffuurrrreedd””))ffoorr pprrooppeerr aannggllee aanndd rriiggiiddiittyy.. UUttiilliittyy ttrriimm ccaannbbee uusseedd ttoo sseeaall tthhee ccuutt eeddggee ooff tthhee ppaanneell aannddtthheenn sseeccuurreedd ttoo tthhee wwaallll..

FFiigguurree 2244..

NNaaiill lloooosseebbooaarrddss

FFuurrrriinnggssttrriippss

RReeppllaaccee rrootttteennbbooaarrddss

FFiigguurree 2255..

16

IINNSSTTAALLLLIINNGG AACCCCEESSSSOORRIIEESSBefore the siding itself can be hung, a number of accessories must beinstalled first, including starter strips, corner posts, window flashing, trim,and J-channels over the roof lines.

Starter StripIn order for the siding to be installed properly in a level fashion, the starterstrip at the bottom of the wall must be level.

■ Determine the lowest point of the wall that will be sided; from thatpoint, measure up 1/4" less than the width of the starter strip andpartially drive a nail at one corner.

■ Attach a chalkline; go to the next cor-ner and pull the line taut.

■ Make sure the line is level by using aline level or a 4' level.

■ Snap the chalkline and repeat the pro-cedure around the entire house.

■ Optional method to determining the position of the starter strip innew construction and some residingapplications: Measure down from thesoffit at one corner of the house to thetop of the foundation and subtract 1/4"less than the width of the starter strip.Make a mark on the wall and recordthe measurement. Transfer the mea-surement to the other corner of thewall. Snap a chalk line in between thecorners at the marks. Repeat the pro-cedure around the entire house.

■ Using the chalkline as a guide, install the top edge of the starterstrip along the bottom of the chalkline, nailing at 10" intervals.Allow space for the corner posts, J-channels, etc.

■ Keep the ends of starter strips atleast 1/4" apart to allow for expan-sion (Fig. 26).

■ Nail in the center of the starter stripnailing slots.

NNOOTTEE:: WWhheenn iinnssuullaattiioonn oorr

bbaacckkeerrbbooaarrdd iiss uusseedd,, ffuurr tthhee

ssttaarrtteerr ssttrriipp,, iiff nneecceessssaarryy,, ttoo

aaccccoommmmooddaattee tthhiicckknneessss.. FFoorr aa

vveerrttiiccaall ssiiddiinngg ssttaarrtteerr ssttrriipp,, sseeee

tthhee sseeccttiioonn oonn vveerrttiiccaall ssiiddiinngg..

11//44"

FFiigguurree 2266..

NNOOTTEE:: IInn cceerrttaaiinn ssiittuuaattiioonnss,, iitt mmaayy

bbee nneecceessssaarryy ttoo uussee JJ--cchhaannnneell aass

aa ssttaarrtteerr ssttrriipp;; rreemmeemmbbeerr ttoo ddrriillll

mmiinniimmuumm 11//88"" ddiiaammeetteerr wweeeepp hhoolleess

nnoo mmoorree tthhaann 2244"" aappaarrtt..

17

Outside and Inside Corner Posts■ A water resistant material should

used to flash the inside and out-side corners a minimum of 10"on each side before installationof the corner posts (Fig. 27).

■ Place the corner post in position,allowing a 1/4" gap between the topof the post and the eave or soffit.Position a nail at the top of the upperslot on both sides of the corner post,leaving a 1/32" gap between the nailheads and the corner posts. The cor-ner post hangs from these nails. Thebalance of the nailing should be inthe center of the slot, 8" to 12" apart,again leaving 1/32" between the nailhead and the corner post. Thisallows for the expansion and con-traction to occur at the bottom. Thecorner post should extend 3/4" belowthe starter strip. Make sure the postsare plumb (i.e., vertically straight)(Fig. 28 and 29).

■ If more than one length ofcorner post is required,overlap the upper pieceover the lower piece by cut-ting away 1" of the nailingflange on the top piece.Overlap 3/4", allowing 1/4"for expansion. This methodwill produce a visible jointbetween the two posts, butwill allow water to flow overthe joint, reducing thechance of water infiltration.

18

FFiigguurree 2277..

FFiigguurree 2288..

FFiigguurree 2299..

1100"1100"

88"--1122"

11//44" ssppaaccee aatt ttoopp ooff wwaallll

11//44" ssppaaccee aatt ttoopp ooff wwaallll

NNOOTTEE:: IInnssttaallll vviinnyyll ssooffffiitt aanndd ffaasscciiaa bbeeffoorree

iinnssttaalllliinngg oouuttssiiddee aanndd iinnssiiddee ccoorrnneerr ppoossttss..

Windows, Doors, and Roof LinesFlashing Previously Installed Windows

The following instructions should befollowed when applying window flash-ing to an existing window:

■ Apply a continuous bead ofsealant adjacent to the sill ofthe existing window. For win-dows with nailing flanges, thesealant should be applied tothe nailing flange in a mannerthat covers the nails and nailslots. Apply a minimum of 9"wide horizontal sill flashinglevel with the bottom edge ofthe existing window by press-ing the flashing into the sealant bead at its topedge. Cut the sill flashing long enough toextend a minimum of 9" beyond each jamb.Fasten the sill flashing at the bottom and sideedges (Fig. 30).

■ Apply a continuous bead of sealant adjacent tothe side jambs of the window. For windowswith nailing flanges, the sealant should beapplied to the nailing flange in a manner thatcovers the nails and nail slots. Continue thebead of sealant at the jambs vertically a mini-mum of 8 1/2" above the head of the windowto allow for bedding the top portion of the jambflashing into sealant in the next step. Install thejamb flashing by pressing the flashing into thesealant beads at the window jambs. Extendthe bottom edge of the jamb flashing approxi-mately 1/2" short of the sill flashing edge, andextend the top edge approximately 8 1/2"beyond the head of the window, where thehead flashing will be placed next. Fasten thejamb flashing along the edges further mostfrom the window (Fig. 31).

FFiigguurree 3300..

FFiigguurree 3311..

NNOOTTEE:: SSeeaallaanntt sshhoouulldd bbee ccoommppaattiibbllee wwiitthhwwiinnddooww,, ffllaasshhiinngg,, aanndd wweeaatthheerr rreessiissttaanntt bbaarrrrii--eerr mmaatteerriiaallss.. CCoonnttaacctt sseeaallaanntt mmaannuuffaaccttuurreerrffoorr jjoobb--ssppeecciiffiicc rreeccoommmmeennddaattiioonnss..

19

■ Apply a continuous bead of sealant adjacentto the head of the installed window. For win-dows with nailing flanges, the sealant shouldbe applied to the nailing flange in a mannerthat covers the nails and nail slots. Install thehead flashing by pressing the bottom edge ofthe flashing into the sealant bead previouslyapplied across the mounting flange. Extendthe ends of the head flashing approximately 1"beyond the jamb flashing at each end. Fastenthe head flashing into place along the topedge (Fig. 32).

Flashing New Window Installations

Refer to window manufacturer’s instructions andASTM E2112, Standard Practice for Installation ofExterior Windows, Doors and Skylights for the properflashing installation method for the window type andwall configuration on the project.

Trim

J-channel is used around windows and doors toreceive the siding. Follow the steps below whenapplying trim.

■ Cut and bend the tab of the top piece of J-channel down to provide flashing over the side J-channel.

■ Fold the bottom end of the side piece of J-channel inward at the bottom of thewindow, to fit over the existing J-channel to prevent water from entering underthe sill.

20

FFiigguurree 3322..

■ Cut the side J-channel mem-bers longer than the height ofthe window or door, and notchthe channel at the top.

■ Miter cut the free flange at a45° angle and bend the tabdown to provide flashing overthe side members (Fig. 33). Asimilar miter and tab may beprovided at the bottom of thewindow, depending on the sill’scondition. The J-channelshould fit snug to the window.

J-Channel Over Roof Lines

Install the flashing before the J-channel to prevent water infiltration along theintersection of a roof and wall.

■ Keep the J-channel approximately 1/2" from the roof line. Chalk astraight line up the roof flashing to guide J-channel installation.Tip: You can use another J-channel laid over the shingles as aspacer to create the straight line desired.

■ Overlap the J-channel (lapping the upper piece over the lowerpiece) if it is necessary to use more than one piece.

■ Extend the J-channel past the edge of the roof, channeling waterinto the gutter, in order to ensure proper runoff.

■ With dark shingles, or a south or west exposure, it is recom-mended to either use a metal J-channel or to install the vinyl J-channel as far away from the roofing as is aesthetically accept-able, having first ensured that there is sufficient flashing behindthe J-channel to prevent water infiltration.

FFiigguurree 3333..

JJ--cchhaannnneell

4455ºº CCuutt

JJ--cchhaannnneell

BBeenndd oovveerr

CCuutt aapppprrooxxiimmaattee

wwiiddtthh ooff nnaaiill ffllaannggee

NNOOTTEE:: VViinnyyll JJ--cchhaannnneellss sshhoouulldd nnoott bbee iinnddiirreecctt ccoonnttaacctt wwiitthh rrooooffiinngg sshhiinngglleess,, ssiinncceetthhee sshhiinngglleess mmaayy ttrraannssffeerr eennoouugghh hheeaatt ttootthhee vviinnyyll JJ--cchhaannnneell ttoo ccaauussee iittss ddiissttoorrttiioonn..

21

■ Fasten the nail, screw, or sta-ple that is closest to the roofline at the far end of the nailhem slot, to ensure that sid-ing will expand away from the J-channel (Fig. 34).

Gable and TrimBefore applying siding to the gables,the J-channel should be installed toreceive the siding at the gable ends(Fig. 35):

■ Where the left and rightsections meet at the gablepeak, let one of the sectionsbutt into the peak with theother section overlapping.

■ A miter cut should be made on the face flange of this piece for betterappearance.

■ Fasten the J-channel every 8" to 12".

■ If more than one length of J-channel is required to span a wall surface, besure to overlap the J-channels by 3/4".

22

FFiigguurree 3344..

FFiigguurree 3355..

FFiirrsstt nnaaiill

HHoorriizzoonnttaall ssiiddiinngg

JJ--cchhaannnneell

RRooooff ffllaasshhiinngg

11//22" mmiinn..ggaapp

HHOORRIIZZOONNTTAALL SSIIDDIINNGG IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN

Installing Panels■ The first course (row of panels) should be

placed in the starter strip and securelylocked along the entire length of the sidingpanel. Make sure the panel is securelylocked before fastening.

■ Fasten the panels in the center of the nail-ing slots (see page 14 for specific informa-tion on fastening and fasteners).Allowance should be made for expansionand contraction by leaving a 1/4" gapbetween the siding and all corner posts andchannels (increase to 3/8" when installing intemperatures below 40° F. If the panelsare 20 feet or longer, increase the gap to3/8", unless the manufacturer's instruc-tions specify otherwise).

■ Do not drive the head of the fastener tight-ly against the nail slot. Leave 1/32"between the fastener head and the vinyl(about the thickness of a dime).

■ Do not force the panels up or down whenfastening. Panel locks should be fullyengaged; however, the panels should notbe under vertical tension or compressionwhen they are fastened.

■ Since vinyl siding moves as the tempera-ture changes, make certain that the vinyl panels can move freelyin a side-to-side direction once fastened.

■ Check every fifth or sixth course for horizontal alignment (Fig. 36).Also check siding alignment with adjoining walls.

■ When panels overlap, make sure they overlap by one half the lengthof the notch at the end of the panel, or approximately 1" (Fig. 37).

■ Stagger the siding end laps so that no two courses (rows of pan-els) are aligned vertically, unless separated by at least threecourses (rows of panels).

23

FFiigguurree 3366..

FFiigguurree 3377..

11"

OOvveerrllaapp aawwaayy

ffrroomm aarreeaass ooff

hhiigghh ttrraaffffiicc

((ee..gg..,, ddoooorrss))

■ Always overlap joints away from entrances andaway from the point of greatest traffic. This willimprove the overall appearance of the installa-tion (Fig. 37).

Fitting Siding Around FixturesUse a commercially available trim ring (Fig. 38) to fit sidingto a penetration such as a faucet or railing attachment, fol-lowing the manufacturer's installation instructions. If a com-mercial trim ring is not available for the application, refer toFig. 39, which illustrates how to fit the siding to the penetra-tion. In addition, the following tips are suggested:

■ If hand-fitting to the fixture, always begin a newcourse of siding at the fixture to avoid excess lapjoints.

■ Cut an opening 1/4" bigger than the fixture or thetrim ring.

■ When cutting, match the shape and contour ofthe obstruction.

Fitting Under WindowsTo mark the section to be cut, perform the following:

■ Hold the panel under the window and mark thewidth of the window opening on the panel. Addapproximately 1/4" to both sides to allow forexpansion and contraction of the siding. Thesemarks represent the vertical cuts (Fig. 40).

■ Lock a small piece of scrap siding into the lowerpanel next to the window. This will be used as atemplate for the horizontal cuts. Mark it 1/4" belowthe sill height.

■ Transfer the horizontal measurement to the panel,which will be installed under the window.Measurement may not be the same on both sidesof the window.

■ Cut the panel with tin snips and a utility knife.

24

FFiigguurree 3388..

FFiigguurree 3399..

FFiigguurree 4400..

11//44"

11//44"

11//44"

The cut panel is now ready for installation under the win-dow. Perform the following:

■ Using a snap lock punch, punch the vinyl sidingalong the cut edge every 6" so the raised lug ison the outside face.

■ Install utility trim under the window, as a receiverfor the cut siding. Utility trim is used any time thetop lock has been removed from the siding.Furring may be needed to maintain the face ofthe panel at the desired angle.

■ Install the siding panel, making sure thelugs (from the snap lock punch) lock intothe utility trim (Fig. 41).

Sidewall Flashing at Roof Lines■ Run the siding until the last full course

under the roof area.

■ Cut a diverter from aluminum trim sheet,making sure it sits on the nail hem of thelast full course (Fig. 42). Also make sure toslip it behind all J-channels and roofflashing.

■ As an alternative to the diverter, create a“kickout” from metal flashing, as shown inFig. 43.

■ Cut the next piece of siding, making surethe vertical lap falls behind the roof flash-ing and roof J-channel (Fig. 44).

■ Cut a small piece of siding that will beplaced on top of the previous piece of sid-ing and sits in the roof J-channel (Fig. 45).

FFiigguurree 4411..

FFiigguurree 4422..

IInnssttaallll ccuutteeddggee iinn ttrriimm

SSnnaapp lloocckk lluuggss

UUttiilliittyy ttrriimm

CCoorrnneerr PPoosstt

RRooooff

JJ--CChhaannnneell

NNaaiill HHeemm

DDiivveerrtteerr

RRooooff FFllaasshhiinngg

FFiigguurree 4433..

NNOOTTEE:: ““KKiicckk--oouutt ffllaasshhiinngg”” ((FFiigg.. 4433)) iiss aannaaddddiittiioonnaall ffllaasshhiinngg ssttrriipp tthhaatt eexxtteennddssbbeeyyoonndd tthhee eeddggee ooff tthhee ffaasscciiaa tthhaatt iissrreeqquuiirreedd iinn ssoommee ccoolldd--cclliimmaattee llooccaalliittiieess..

25

DDrriipp EEddggee

■ Install the remaining course of siding.Water running behind the panel will bedirected by the diverter into the butt ofthe panel, draining out in the weepholes.

Finishing at the TopBefore the final course of siding is installed on thewall, any soffit accessories that will be used on theeaves must be installed. See the soffit installationsection.

Gable Ends

To install around gable ends, make a pattern thatduplicates the slope of the gable (Fig. 46):

■ Lock a short piece of siding into thegable starter course (i.e., the lastcourse before the gable starts).

■ Hold a second piece of siding againstthe J-channel at the slope of thegable. Mark the slope with a pencilon the short piece of siding. Checkthe angle template every few cours-es.

■ Remove the short piece and cutalong the pencil line as a pattern forthe gable angle cuts. Repeat theprocedure on the opposite side ofthe gable.

■ It may be necessary to fasten the lastpanel at the gable peak with a trimnail. Use a 1 1/4" to 1 1/2" nail. Thisis the only time a nail should beplaced in the face of the vinyl siding(Fig. 47).

26

FFiigguurree 4477..

CCoolloorreedd aalluummiinnuummoorr ssttaaiinnlleessss sstteeeellffiinniisshh nnaaiill

FFiigguurree 4466..

DDrraaww lliinnee hheerree

✎

FFiigguurree 4455..

JJ--CChhaannnneell

RRooooff FFllaasshhiinngg

OOvveerrllaappppiinngg SSiiddiinngg

FFiigguurree 4444..

JJ--CChhaannnneell

RRooooff FFllaasshhiinngg

SSiiddiinngg

DDrriipp EEddggee

DDrriipp EEddggee

Eaves Treatment

The last course of siding may be cut to fit the eaves open-ing (Fig. 48).

■ Measure from the soffit to the base of the upperlock on the previous course of panels. Subtract1/4''. Mark this dimension on the panel to be cut,measuring from the bottom edge of the panel. It isa good idea to check the dimension in severallocations along the length of the wall.

■ Using a snap lock punch, punch the vinyl sidingalong the cut edge every 6", so the raised lug ison the outside face.

■ Push the siding into the utility trim that has been nailed in place alongthe top of the wall. Furring may be needed to maintain the face of thepanel at the desired angle. The raised lugs will catch and hold thesiding firmly in place.

Transition from Horizontal to Vertical■ Finish the last course of horizontal siding with the J-channel and/or

finish trim. Install a drip cap and a J-channel. The top piece of J-channel must have minimum 1/8" diameter weep holes drilled nomore than 24" apart to allow for water runoff.

Transition from Brick to Vinyl Siding■ Caulk where the sheathing meets the brick or stone exterior. Flashing

should be caulked where it meets the brick or stone and a drip capshould be in place.

■ If horizontal siding is used, a J-channel or starter strip may be used.If starter strip is used, it is necessary to provide at least 3/8" clear-ance for proper engagement of the siding.

■ Use a J-channel to receive vertical siding; remember to drill minimum1/8" diameter weep holes no more than 24" apart.

27

FFiigguurree 4488..

DDiissttaannccee mmiinnuuss 11//44””

VVEERRTTIICCAALL SSIIDDIINNGG AANNDD AACCCCEESSSSOORRIIEESS IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN

PreparationSee section “Preparing the Walls” on page 16. When installing vertical siding, however,follow these additional preparatory steps:

■ Install horizontal furring strips, 12" on center, or a solid nailable sheathingprior to the siding, if needed, to level the surface or provide sufficient materi-al for 3/4" fastener penetration.

■ Snap a level chalkline around the base of the sidewalls. Typically, the chalk-line is positioned so that the bottom of the J-channel that will serve as a ver-tical starter strip is 1/4" below the lowest point on the wall that will be sided.(See the “Installing Accessories” section for tips on snapping a chalkline.)Install J-channel along the chalkline as a receiver for the vertical siding.

AccessoriesAs with horizontal siding, when installing vertical siding it is necessary to install severalaccessories first, including corner posts and window, door, and roof trim.

Outside and Inside Corner Posts

■ Leave 1/4" gap at the top ofcorner posts.

■ Place the first nails in theuppermost end of the topnail slots to hold them inposition (Fig. 49). Place allother nails in the center ofthe slots. Nails should be 8"to 12" apart.

■ Corner posts should extend 3/4" below the siding. Do not nail tightly; the cornerpost should move.

28

NNOOTTEE:: IInnssttaallll vviinnyyll ssooffffiitt aanndd ffaasscciiaa bbeeffoorree iinnssttaalllliinngg oouuttssiiddee aannddiinnssiiddee ccoorrnneerr ppoossttss..

FFiigguurree 4499..

Bottom Receiver

■ Position the top edge of a J-channelor vertical base along the previouslysnapped chalkline. Remember to drillminimum 1/8" diameter weep holesno more than 24" apart.

■ Fasten every 8" to 12". Use the cen-ter of the nail slots. All vinyl shouldbe fastened securely but not tightly.Sideways movement should not berestricted. Leave 1/4" gaps at the cor-ner posts (Fig. 50). Where lengths adjoin, trim the nailing flange 1" andoverlap 1/2" to produce a neat joint(Fig. 51).

Window, Door, and Roof Trim

Install J-channel at the tops of the sidewalls. At the gable ends, snap a level chalkline alongthe base of the gable and install J-channel.Overlap where necessary and allow for expan-sion (Fig. 52).

After installing flashing, trim around all windowsand doors using J-channel. The followingsequence is suggested:

■ Cut a J-channel for the bottom of thewindow, as wide as the frame, andinstall it.

■ Cut side J-channels the length of theframe plus the width of the top and bot-tom J-channel. Cut and bend tabs (Fig.53) into the bottom channel. Install theside channels.

29

FFiigguurree 5500..

FFiigguurree 5511..

FFiigguurree 5522..

JJ--cchhaannnneell

TTrriimm bbaacckk

SSiiddeewwaallll

FFiigguurree 5533..

JJ--cchhaannnneell

11"

11//22"

11//44"

■ Cut the top J-channel the widthof the frame PLUS the width ofthe side J-channels. Notch thetop J-channel on each end,bend the tabs into the side J-channel, and fasten the topJ-channel (Fig. 54).

■ A miter cut and tab can be pro-vided at the bottom of the win-dow (see page 21), dependingon the sill’s condition.

SidewallsStarter Strip

■ Create a vertical starter strip by cut-ting the nailing hem and adjacent lockoff a vertical siding panel. Fasten itinside the receiver channel of the cor-ner post. Be sure this piece is plumb.Leave enough clearance in the pocketof the corner post to allow the sidingpanel to be attached (Fig. 55).

■ Install J-channels at top and bottom.Fasten panels 12" on center. Leave 1/4"clearance at top and 3/8" at bottom.Place the first fasteners in the uppermostend of the top nail slots to hold them inposition. Place all other fasteners in thecenter of the slots.

■ If it will take more than one course tospan the height of the house, terminatethe first course into an inverted J-chan-nel (Fig. 56), allowing 1/4" for expan-sion. Install head flashing on top of theJ-channel and install a second J-chan-nel facing upward. Begin the secondcourse leaving a 3/8" gap from the bot-tom of the panel to the J-channel.

30

FFiigguurree 5544..

FFiigguurree 5555..

FFiigguurree 5566..

VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneell

HHeeaadd ffllaasshhiinngg

JJ--cchhaannnneell

11//44"

CCoorrnneerr ppoosstt

VVeerrttiiccaall ssttaarrtteerr ssttrriipp ((sslliitt iinn hhaallff))

JJ--cchhaannnneell

4455ºº CCuutt

JJ--cchhaannnneell

BBeenndd oovveerr

CCuutt aapppprrooxxiimmaattee

wwiiddtthh ooff nnaaiill ffllaannggee

JJ--cchhaannnneell

33//88"

Panels

■ Working from the starter strip to the corners,lock each panel and fasten every 12". Verticalpanels are terminated into the J-channelinstalled at top and the vertical base or J-channel installed at bottom.

Windows and Doors

■ At window and doors, cut the panels(if necessary) to fit the openings,allowing 1/4" for expansion.

■ If the panel is uncut or cut down inthe “V”-shaped groove of a piece ofvertical siding, simply insert it into theJ-channel, locking the other side ontothe previously applied panel (Fig. 57). Afurring strip should be installed to preventpanel detachment.

■ If the panel is cut on the flat surface,install utility trim, backed by furring,into the J-channel. The flat surface ofthe vertical siding should be snap lockpunched and fitted into the utility trim(Fig. 58). The panel is further securedabove and below the windows andabove the door when the panel is fas-tened in place.

Corners

At corners, the following steps are recommended:

■ Install the utility trim or J-channel intothe receiver of the corner post.

■ If the panel is cut in the bottom of theV-groove, insert it into the J-channel. Afurring strip should be provided prior topanel insertion. This will prevent thepanel from detaching (Fig. 59).

31

FFiigguurree 5577..

VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneell

JJ--cchhaannnneellWWiinnddooww oorr ddoooorr ffrraammeeFFuurrrriinngg ssttrriipp

FFiigguurree 5588..

UUttiilliittyy ttrriimm

VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneell

FFuurrrriinngg ssttrriippJJ--cchhaannnneell

WWiinnddooww oorr ddoooorr ffrraammee

FFiigguurree 5599..

CCoorrnneerr ppoosstt

JJ--cchhaannnneell

VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneell

FFuurrrriinnggssttrriipp

■ If the panel is cut on the flat surface, installutility trim, backed by furring, into the J-channel. Punch snap locks along the cutedge of the panel at 6" intervals and snapit into the utility trim (Fig. 60).

Gable Ends

For application of vertical siding to gables, follow theinstructions below. For a consistent appearance, usethe same method to center the starter strips in thesidewall below the gable end.

■ Begin by fastening J-channel along theinside edge of the roof. Install an upwardfacing J-channel as a vertical base on topof the previously installed J-channel at thebase of the gable, as shown in Figure 56on page 30.

■ Find the center of the gabled wall and use alevel or plumbline to attach either a vertical sid-ing starter strip or two back-to-back regularstarter strips, centered with the peak of thegable (Fig. 61). Leave a 1/4” gap at the topand the bottom (Figure 62). This areashould be flashed prior to installing thestarter strips.

■ As an alternative, install two back-to-back J-channels or an H-divider bar centered with thepeak of the gable. Then install starter stripsinto the receiving channels using the proce-dure described for starting vertical siding at cor-ner posts.

■ Make a pattern for end cuts along the gable usingtwo pieces of scrap siding (Fig. 63). Lock one pieceinto the vertical strip at the center of the wall. Holdthe edge of the other piece against and in line withthe roof line. Mark the slope on the vertical pieceand cut along that line. Use it as a pattern to markand cut the ends of all other panels required for thisside of the gable end. Make another pattern for theother side of the gable.

FFiigguurree 6633..

DDrraaww lliinnee hheerree

✎

FFiigguurree 6622..

11//44" ffrroomm ttooppooff ssiiddeewwaallll

VVeerrttiiccaallssttaarrtteerr

ssttrriipp

FFiigguurree 6600..

FFiigguurree 6611..

UUttiilliittyy ttrriimm

VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneell

FFuurrrriinngg ssttrriippCCoorrnneerrppoosstt

VVeerrttiiccaallppaanneellss

SSttaarrtteerr ssttrriipp

JJ--cchhaannnneell

32

33

SSOOFFFFIITT IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN

Soffit is the name given to materials used toenclose the underside of an eave. The installa-tion of soffit will determine the positioning of theinside and outside corner posts. It also is neces-sary to complete the soffit before the finalcourse of siding is installed on the wall.

Vinyl soffit is designed to be easily installed lengthwise from wall to fascia.Soffit panels are similar to vertical siding. Manufacturers produce both solidand vented panels.

PreparationInspect and plan the job in advance. For residing applications, nail down anyloose panels, boards, or shingles. Check surfaces for straightness and furwhen necessary. Surfaces should be uniform and straight from various view-ing angles.

The procedure used to install soffit depends on the construction of the eave.There are two different types of eaves:

■ Open eaves—eaves with exposed rafters or trusses—are typicalof new construction. Open eave installation procedures are alsoused when removing damaged soffit during a residing project.

■ Enclosed eaves—eaves with soffit in place—are typical of resid-ing projects.

NNOOTTEE:: VVeennttiillaattiioonn RReeqquuiirreemmeennttss:: PPrrooppeerr aattttiicc vveennttiillaattiioonn iiss iimmppoorrttaanntt ffoorraannyy hhoommee.. CCoonnssuulltt aa llooccaall bbuuiillddiinngg ooffffii--cciiaall ffoorr tthhee aapppprroopprriiaattee rreeqquuiirreemmeennttssffoorr aa ssppeecciiffiicc ggeeooggrraapphhiiccaall aarreeaa,, aanndduussee vveenntteedd ssooffffiitt oorr ootthheerr vveenntteedd pprroodd--uuccttss aass nneecceessssaarryy..

Installation Over Open Eaves Follow this 5-step procedure:

1. Install receiving channels (soffit receiver or J-channel).

■ There are several ways to installreceiving channels for soffit. You canuse accessories such as the J-chan-nel or the F-channel. The best approachis to select a method that works mosteffectively with the construction tech-niques used to create the eave.

■ Examine the illustrations at right andfind one that most closely resemblesthe construction methods used onthis particular project (Fig. 64through 67).

■ Install the receiving channels follow-ing the details shown in the illustrations.Nail channels every 12" to 16", posi-tioning the nail in the center of the slot.Do not nail tightly.

34

FFiigguurree 6644..

FFiigguurree 6655..

FFiigguurree 6666..

FFiigguurree 6677..

FFaasscciiaa ccaapp oorrccooiill ssttoocckk

OOppeenn ttrruussss

SSooffffiitt rreecceeiivveerr

SSooffffiitt

UUnnddeerr 2244"

UUnnddeerr 2244"

UUnnddeerr 2244"

2244" oorr mmoorree

SSooffffiitt

OOppeenn rraafftteerr

SSooffffiitt rreecceeiivveerr

SSooffffiitt

AAdddd nnaaiilliinngg ssttrriippss

AAdddd ffrraammiinngg

SSooffffiitt

JJ--cchhaannnneell

OOppeenn ttrruussss

JJ--cchhaannnneell

SSooffffiitt rreecceeiivveerr

NNOOTTEE:: IIff tthhee eeaavvee ssppaann iiss 2244"" oorrmmoorree,, nnaaiilliinngg ssttrriippss mmuusstt bbee iinnssttaalllleeddaass sshhoowwnn ((FFiigg.. 6677)).. IInn aarreeaass wwiitthh hhiigghhwwiinndd rreessttrriiccttiioonnss,, nnaaiilliinngg sshhoouulldd nnootteexxcceeeedd 1122"" oonn cceenntteerr..

■ If no soffit receiver is availablefor a situation best suited for theproduct, the J-channel can bemodified to create an F-receiver(Fig. 68).

■ Simply cut slots in the nailflange area where it would benailed to the wall (Fig. 68). Aftercutting the nail flange, bend theflange back and nail it to the wall.

■ If the soffit will turn a corner, cutand install the channel so there is1/4" for expansion at each of theadjoining walls.

2. Measure from the wall to the fascia board.Then subtract 1/2" to allow for expansion.Mark this dimension on a soffit panel andcross cut using a circular power saw witha reversed finetooth blade. Cut one or twopanels at a time, carefully advancing thesaw through the vinyl.

3. Insert the panel into the channel on thewall, then into the channel at the fasciaboard (Fig. 69).

■ It might be necessary to flex thepanel slightly to insert it into thesecond channel.

■ Make certain the panel is perpen-dicular to the wall, then nail.Depending on the installationmethod being used, nails will behammered either into a nailing stripor a fascia board.

■ When using a nailing strip, do notnail tightly—allow movement forexpansion. Continue the installationby locking and nailing the panels.Make certain the panels are fullylocked along their entire length.

35

FFiigguurree 6688..

FFiigguurree 6699..

UUttiilliittyy ttrriimm

VViinnyyll ffaasscciiaaccaapp

SSooffffiitt ppaanneellss

FFaasscciiaa

NNOOTTEE:: WWhheenn nnaaiilliinngg ttoo tthhee ffaasscciiaabbooaarrdd,, uussee ssmmaallll--hheeaaddeedd nnaaiillss..DDrriivvee tthhee nnaaiill tthhrroouugghh tthhee nnaaiillffllaannggee aanndd ""VV""--sshhaappeedd ggrroooovveewwiitthhiinn tthhee ssooffffiitt ppaanneell.. TThhiiss iiss oonneeooff tthhee rraarree iinnssttaanncceess tthhaatt ffaaccee--nnaaiilliinngg iiss ppeerrmmiissssiibbllee.. OOnnccee aa ssooff--ffiitt ppaanneell iiss ffaaccee--nnaaiilleedd,, iitt wwiilllleexxppaanndd oonnllyy iinn oonnee ddiirreeccttiioonn,, iinntthhiiss ccaassee,, ttoowwaarrdd tthhee rreecceeiivviinnggcchhaannnneell.. BBee ssuurree ttoo lleeaavvee ssppaacceeffoorr tthhee ffuullll eexxppaannssiioonn aalllloowwaannccee iinntthhee rreecceeiivviinngg cchhaannnneell..

4. To turn a corner, measure from the chan-nel at the wall corner to the channel atthe corner of the fascia board (Fig. 70).Subtract 1/4" for expansion. Cut andinstall soffit double channel lineal orback-to-back J-channel. If necessary,install nailing strips to provide backing forthe lineal. Miter cut the corner soffit pan-els and install as described in Step 3.

5. To complete the installation, apply theutility trim and fasten the aluminum fas-cia cap or formed aluminum coil stockwith painted trim nails. If necessary toface nail fascia, drill holes for the trimnails to allow for expansion and toreduce denting of the aluminum.

Installation Over EnclosedEavesThe procedure used to install soffit over an enclosed eave is almost identical tothat used for an open eave. The major dif-ference is the installation of theJ-channel (Fig. 71 and 72).

■ Determine the preferredmethod of installing soffit at thefascia board.

■ When installing J-channel ateither wall of fascia board,nail every 12" to 16".

36

NNOOTTEE:: IIff tthhee eexxiissttiinngg ssooffffiitt iiss rrootttteeddoorr ddaammaaggeedd,, rreemmoovvee iitt ccoommpplleetteellyybbeeffoorree iinnssttaalllliinngg vviinnyyll ssooffffiitt,, tthheenn uusseetthhee iinnssttrruuccttiioonnss ffoorr ooppeenn eeaavveess..

FFiigguurree 7700..

FFiigguurree 7711..

FFiigguurree 7722..

SSooffffiitt ddoouubblleecchhaannnneell lliinneeaall

MMiitteerr ssooffffiittppaanneellss

FFaasscciiaa ccaappoorr ccooiill ssttoocckk

EEnncclloosseedd eeaavvee

NNaaiilliinngg ssttrriipp

SSooffffiitt

EEnncclloosseeddeeaavvee SSooffffiitt

JJ--cchhaannnneell

JJ--rreecceeiivveerr

FFaasscciiaa

■ If the soffit is to turn a corner, cut and install J-channel to allow 1/4"for expansion at each of the adjoining walls and fascia boards.

■ When installing vented soffit panels, if the existing soffit doesn’thave openings for ventilation, cut an adequate number of openings.

■ To complete the installation, follow Steps 3 through 5 from“Installation Over Open Eaves.”

Porch CeilingsThe procedures used to install a porch ceiling are in many ways similar tothose used to install soffit. These procedures vary slightly, depending onwhether the installation is a new construction or a residing project.

New Construction Projects

1. Begin by installing receiving channels on all four sides of the porch(Fig. 73). If F-receivers are being used, nail them to the existingwalls. If J-channels are being used, a nailing base will have to beinstalled.

2. When planning to use light blocks to attach external light fixtures,install them to adequate backing.

3. Plan the layout of the ceiling panels to achieve an even balance or toalign with adjacent work. If the ceiling panels will run parallel to theceiling joists, additional 1" x 3" wood furring nailing strips will have tobe installed. Install these nailing strips perpendicular to the ceilingjoists, placing a strip every 12" to 16".

4. Invert the J-channels and nail them to the underside of the woodstrips along the perimeter of the ceiling area.

5. Install the first panel into the channels at one endof the porch. Be sure to leave room for expansion.Nail every 12" to 16", positioning nails in the centersof slots. Do not nail tightly. Install the remainingpanels. When cutting the last panel of the firstcourse, be sure to allow room for expansion.

6. For areas where more than one panel length isneeded, use a double channel lineal or back-to-back J-channel.

37

FFiigguurree 7733..

QQuuaarrtteerr rroouunndd oorr ootthheerr ttrriimm VVeerrttiiccaall ppaanneellss

JJ--cchhaannnneell oorr ootthheerr ttrriimm

7. If it is necessary to cut the nailing hem off the final panel, use a snap lock punch to create tabsevery 8” to 10” along the cut edge. Attach utility trim and insert the panel into the receiving channel.

Residing Projects

1. Check to be sure the existing ceiling can serve as a solid nailing base.

2. If the existing ceiling is solid, remove all existing moldings and fixtures from the ceiling andbegin by nailing inverted J-channels along the perimeter of the ceiling area. Then follow Steps 2through 6 in the instructions under “New Construction.” With a solid ceiling, however, additionalnailing strips are not necessary. Use the existing ceiling as the nailing base for the panels.

3. If the existing ceiling is not solid, install nailing strips to provide a secure nailing base, then installthe J-channels. Additional nailing strips should be installed if the ceiling panels are to run parallelto the ceiling joists. Follow the instructions in Steps 2 through 6 for new construction.

OOTTHHEERR RREECCOOMMMMEENNDDAATTIIOONNSS

Attaching ShuttersTo install shutters around windows:

■ Pre-drill holes through the shut-ters for attachment screws andmark the location of these holeson the siding (Fig. 74).

■ Using the hole marks as a guide,drill expansion holes through thesiding where attachment screwswill be located, a minimum 1/4”larger than the diameter of thescrew (Fig. 75).

■ When attaching the shutters, donot fasten such that the shutterbears tightly against the siding,otherwise expansion of the sidingwill be restricted.

38

FFiigguurree 7755..

FFiigguurree 7744..

Replacing a Damaged PanelTo remove a panel for any reason:

■ Slip the unlocking tool behind the bot-tom of the panel above the one to bereplaced and unzip it from the lock onthe damaged panel (Fig. 76).

■ Gently bend out the upper panel.Take the nails out of the damagedpanel and remove it (Fig. 77).

■ Lock on the new panel and nail itup (Fig. 78).

■ Use the unlocking tool again tozip the upper panel over the lockon the new panel (Fig. 79).

Residing Over Asbestos SidingAsbestos siding is a regulated material, and the appropriate envi-ronmental agency should be contacted before residing over thisproduct begins.

Capping a Corner Post■ Corner posts on homes with a second-story overhang

need to be capped by making the cuts shown (Fig. 80).Fold the flaps created over each other as indicated.

■ Drill a 1/8" hole in the center, through both layers of vinyl,and install a pop rivet to hold them in place. Cut a notch inboth layers to allow clearance for the corner (Fig. 81).

Repairing a Damaged Corner PostRepair a damaged corner post with a series of cuts:

■ Cut away the face of the damaged corner, leaving thenail hem intact.

■ Remove the nail hem from the replacement corner andtrim it to fit.

■ Place the new corner over the nailing hem of the oldand fasten it into position.

FFiigguurree 7766.. FFiigguurree 7777..

FFiigguurree 7788.. FFiigguurree 7799..

zziipp ttooooll

zziipp lloocckk ttooooll

FFiigguurree 8800..

FFiigguurree 8811..

OOvveerrllaappffllaappss

PPoopp rriivveett

NNoottcchh

39

National Housing Center1201 15th Street, NW

Suite 220Washington, DC 20005

For more information, visit VSI’s Web site

<www.vinylsiding.org>